Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100251
Bilal Salman , Rima Haidar , Vivian Faour , Wissam Abou Ali , Lea Aridi , Frederic Harb , Sami Azar , Ziad Abi Khattar , Hilda E. Ghadieh
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease whose incidence continues to steadily escalate and recently, Gut Microbiome (GM) dysbiosis has been identified as a prominent player in AD pathophysiology. The following review delves deeper into the recent developments over the last decade in the Microbiota Gut-Brain Axis (MGBA), its association with AD, and its modulation as a mean of treating AD patients. This review explores the possibility of treating AD by attempting to reverse GM dysbiosis using Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) such as Semaglutide, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), and Phage therapy. The compiled evidence shows that Semaglutide’s neuroprotective effect lies in its ability to reduce the burden of Amyloid-β (Aβ), Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs), and neuroinflammation in AD patients by reversing GM dysbiosis, glucose hypometabolism, and oxidative stress. Similarly, FMT reverses GM dysbiosis and changes the metabolic profile by modulating the release of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), improving MGBA communication, delaying cognitive impairment, and ameliorating neurodegeneration. Phage therapy can be used to modulate the diversity and the genera that constitute GM by targeting and eliminating the pathogenic microbes, improving MGBA communication and enhancing cognition, memory, and executive function.
{"title":"Microbiota gut-brain axis dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease: From pathogenesis to potential treatments – A review","authors":"Bilal Salman , Rima Haidar , Vivian Faour , Wissam Abou Ali , Lea Aridi , Frederic Harb , Sami Azar , Ziad Abi Khattar , Hilda E. Ghadieh","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease whose incidence continues to steadily escalate and recently, Gut Microbiome (GM) dysbiosis has been identified as a prominent player in AD pathophysiology. The following review delves deeper into the recent developments over the last decade in the Microbiota Gut-Brain Axis (MGBA), its association with AD, and its modulation as a mean of treating AD patients. This review explores the possibility of treating AD by attempting to reverse GM dysbiosis using Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) such as Semaglutide, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), and Phage therapy. The compiled evidence shows that Semaglutide’s neuroprotective effect lies in its ability to reduce the burden of Amyloid-β (Aβ), Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs), and neuroinflammation in AD patients by reversing GM dysbiosis, glucose hypometabolism, and oxidative stress. Similarly, FMT reverses GM dysbiosis and changes the metabolic profile by modulating the release of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), improving MGBA communication, delaying cognitive impairment, and ameliorating neurodegeneration. Phage therapy can be used to modulate the diversity and the genera that constitute GM by targeting and eliminating the pathogenic microbes, improving MGBA communication and enhancing cognition, memory, and executive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100250
Tony Phu , Sonja Kram , Eric Tuia , Ashish Manwar , Prachi Pundir
Compassion fatigue, also referred to as secondary traumatic stress or vicarious traumatisation, is characterised by a reduction in intrinsic empathy for others (patients), associated with mental and emotional exhaustion caused by ongoing exposure towards individuals suffering from emotional, physical, mental or spiritual trauma. This condition is often found in front-line healthcare workers such as nurses, doctors and allied health professionals, particularly those working under stressful conditions, with lower levels of support. This narrative review aimed to identify factors associated with compassion fatigue in low- and middle-income countries as defined by the World Bank.
The database search in MEDLINE (via PubMed) and an additional search in Google Scholar resulted in 595 hits, of which 38 were included in the review.
The key findings illustrated that CF was associated with individual factors like feelings of fear, resilience and coping strategies, and systems level factors such as intense workload and difficult role demands.
This narrative review highlights the significant impact of compassion fatigue on frontline healthcare workers in low- and middle-income countries. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance individual resilience and organizational support, aiming to create a more sustainable and compassionate healthcare environment.
{"title":"Factors associated with compassion fatigue among front line healthcare workers from low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review","authors":"Tony Phu , Sonja Kram , Eric Tuia , Ashish Manwar , Prachi Pundir","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compassion fatigue, also referred to as secondary traumatic stress or vicarious traumatisation, is characterised by a reduction in intrinsic empathy for others (patients), associated with mental and emotional exhaustion caused by ongoing exposure towards individuals suffering from emotional, physical, mental or spiritual trauma. This condition is often found in front-line healthcare workers such as nurses, doctors and allied health professionals, particularly those working under stressful conditions, with lower levels of support. This narrative review aimed to identify factors associated with compassion fatigue in low- and middle-income countries as defined by the World Bank.</div><div>The database search in MEDLINE (via PubMed) and an additional search in Google Scholar resulted in 595 hits, of which 38 were included in the review.</div><div>The key findings illustrated that CF was associated with individual factors like feelings of fear, resilience and coping strategies, and systems level factors such as intense workload and difficult role demands.</div><div>This narrative review highlights the significant impact of compassion fatigue on frontline healthcare workers in low- and middle-income countries. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance individual resilience and organizational support, aiming to create a more sustainable and compassionate healthcare environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100249
Michael Wong , Sami Siddiqui , Gift Nnamdi , Bianca Nguyen , Nika Harutyunyan , Anna Dermenchyan
The United States is home to 29.6 million individuals with limited English proficiency (LEP), a population facing persistent healthcare disparities despite legal protections under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act and the Affordable Care Act. LEP individuals experience higher uninsured rates, lower use of preventive care, and poorer health outcomes than their English-proficient counterparts. These disparities are compounded by broader social drivers of health, such as income, education, housing, and digital access, which influence communication and care navigation. Systemic deficiencies in language access policies, including inconsistent implementation of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) standards and limited provider training, further exacerbate inequities.
The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these challenges but also catalyzed the adoption of telehealth and remote interpretation, which improved access in some areas while introducing new barriers, including technological limitations and disparities in digital literacy. Only 13% of hospitals meet all CLAS language-related benchmarks due to interpreter shortages, insufficient multilingual materials, and inadequate reimbursement. The unwinding of the Medicaid Continuous Enrollment Provision has also increased the risk of coverage loss for LEP beneficiaries, especially when re-enrollment processes are not language accessible.
This narrative review examines barriers to implementing effective language services, the operational and policy implications of these gaps, and the role of telehealth, AI-based tools, and community partnerships in advancing equity. Strengthening provider training, health system infrastructure, and policy frameworks is essential to improving culturally and linguistically appropriate care for diverse populations.
{"title":"Addressing language barriers in U.S. healthcare: The role of CLAS standards, telehealth, and policy in supporting limited english proficiency populations","authors":"Michael Wong , Sami Siddiqui , Gift Nnamdi , Bianca Nguyen , Nika Harutyunyan , Anna Dermenchyan","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United States is home to 29.6 million individuals with limited English proficiency (LEP), a population facing persistent healthcare disparities despite legal protections under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act and the Affordable Care Act. LEP individuals experience higher uninsured rates, lower use of preventive care, and poorer health outcomes than their English-proficient counterparts. These disparities are compounded by broader social drivers of health, such as income, education, housing, and digital access, which influence communication and care navigation. Systemic deficiencies in language access policies, including inconsistent implementation of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) standards and limited provider training, further exacerbate inequities.</div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these challenges but also catalyzed the adoption of telehealth and remote interpretation, which improved access in some areas while introducing new barriers, including technological limitations and disparities in digital literacy. Only 13% of hospitals meet all CLAS language-related benchmarks due to interpreter shortages, insufficient multilingual materials, and inadequate reimbursement. The unwinding of the Medicaid Continuous Enrollment Provision has also increased the risk of coverage loss for LEP beneficiaries, especially when re-enrollment processes are not language accessible.</div><div>This narrative review examines barriers to implementing effective language services, the operational and policy implications of these gaps, and the role of telehealth, AI-based tools, and community partnerships in advancing equity. Strengthening provider training, health system infrastructure, and policy frameworks is essential to improving culturally and linguistically appropriate care for diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100246
Robert P. Passarelli , Mehmet Acar , Murat Demirel , Cagatay Ozturk , Burcin Ekser
Physical rehabilitation aims to restore various bodily functions through professional monitoring and directed therapies, such as physical and occupational therapies. These rehabilitation methods can be time-consuming, costly, and even not accessible for patients. Effective rehabilitation is crucial for improving a patient’s quality of life and treatment outcome. Studies referenced in this review prove early and effective rehabilitation in reducing hospital stays and treatment costs.
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) are enhancing rehabilitation practices. VR, using augmented reality, helps stimulate sensory experiences and is increasingly applied in kinematics, neurorehabilitation, and motor rehabilitation. Studies have demonstrated that AI and VR can improve patient outcomes by facilitating better analysis and faster recovery compared to traditional methods.
A review of current literature between 2015 and 2025 highlights the growing use of AI/VR in rehabilitation. Notable findings include VR's effectiveness in orthopedics and stroke recovery, with improvements in functional scores and reduced patient costs. However, limitations include the need for larger studies and more comprehensive testing to fully validate these technologies.
Overall, AI and VR show promise for revolutionizing rehabilitation, offering potential benefits like shorter recovery times and cost savings.
{"title":"Impact of artificial intelligence and virtual reality on the rehabilitation of general patients and patients undergoing surgical treatment","authors":"Robert P. Passarelli , Mehmet Acar , Murat Demirel , Cagatay Ozturk , Burcin Ekser","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical rehabilitation aims to restore various bodily functions through professional monitoring and directed therapies, such as physical and occupational therapies. These rehabilitation methods can be time-consuming, costly, and even not accessible for patients. Effective rehabilitation is crucial for improving a patient’s quality of life and treatment outcome. Studies referenced in this review prove early and effective rehabilitation in reducing hospital stays and treatment costs.</div><div>Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) are enhancing rehabilitation practices. VR, using augmented reality, helps stimulate sensory experiences and is increasingly applied in kinematics, neurorehabilitation, and motor rehabilitation. Studies have demonstrated that AI and VR can improve patient outcomes by facilitating better analysis and faster recovery compared to traditional methods.</div><div>A review of current literature between 2015 and 2025 highlights the growing use of AI/VR in rehabilitation. Notable findings include VR's effectiveness in orthopedics and stroke recovery, with improvements in functional scores and reduced patient costs. However, limitations include the need for larger studies and more comprehensive testing to fully validate these technologies.</div><div>Overall, AI and VR show promise for revolutionizing rehabilitation, offering potential benefits like shorter recovery times and cost savings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100245
Chen Xue
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a complex dermatological disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and skin barrier dysfunction, serves as a prototypical chronic inflammatory skin disease whose pathogenesis is intricately linked to dysbiosis of the skin microbiota. Modulating the skin microbiota to restore microbial homeostasis has emerged as a crucial dimension in AD management and a focal point of contemporary research. This comprehensive review examines the pivotal role of cutaneous microbiota in both the initiation and progression of AD, with particular emphasis on the profound implications of microbial dysbiosis for skin barrier integrity and inflammatory cascades. Building upon recent scientific evidence, we systematically elaborate innovative applications of microbiota modulation in AD care, elucidating the mechanistic foundations of emerging intervention strategies and their demonstrated clinical efficacy, thereby offering novel perspectives for precision medicine in AD management. Furthermore, we critically evaluate current limitations in AD-related skin microbiome research and propose future research trajectories, establishing both theoretical frameworks and practical guidelines for advancing clinical translation of cutaneous microbiome investigations.
{"title":"The dual role of skin microbiome modulation in precision care for atopic dermatitis: A review","authors":"Chen Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atopic dermatitis (AD), a complex dermatological disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and skin barrier dysfunction, serves as a prototypical chronic inflammatory skin disease whose pathogenesis is intricately linked to dysbiosis of the skin microbiota. Modulating the skin microbiota to restore microbial homeostasis has emerged as a crucial dimension in AD management and a focal point of contemporary research. This comprehensive review examines the pivotal role of cutaneous microbiota in both the initiation and progression of AD, with particular emphasis on the profound implications of microbial dysbiosis for skin barrier integrity and inflammatory cascades. Building upon recent scientific evidence, we systematically elaborate innovative applications of microbiota modulation in AD care, elucidating the mechanistic foundations of emerging intervention strategies and their demonstrated clinical efficacy, thereby offering novel perspectives for precision medicine in AD management. Furthermore, we critically evaluate current limitations in AD-related skin microbiome research and propose future research trajectories, establishing both theoretical frameworks and practical guidelines for advancing clinical translation of cutaneous microbiome investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100244
Sabina Semiz
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), demonstrated significant efficacy in managing obesity and T2D. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where these conditions are highly prevalent, semaglutide is being increasingly used. However, concerns remain regarding its safety, particularly thyroid-related and gastrointestinal (GI) side-effects. This review aims to investigate the options available for weight management and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs, such as semaglutide, in treating obesity and T2D, with a focus on clinical outcomes in the UAE population. A literature review was performed on GLP-1RA/semaglutide’s effectiveness and safety in obesity and T2D, with a special attention to its impact on weight loss and adverse effects, including thyroid and GI side-effects, as well as evidence gaps related to long-term outcomes and pediatric use. Current evidence supports semaglutide’s clinical benefits, but also highlight potential risks, including GI discomfort and thyroid cancer risk. Although conclusive link between GLP-1RA and thyroid cancer risk is not elucidated yet due to conflicting studies reporting either elevated risk or no significant correlation, ongoing monitoring and cautious treatment in high-risk population are highly advised. Given the rising prevalence of thyroid disorders and increasing rates of thyroid cancer in the UAE, there is concern that the Emirati population may face a higher risk of thyroid-related adverse effects compared to global population. Conclusions: While GLP-1RA/semaglutide presents a promising option for obesity and T2D management, further studies with extended durations and detailed safety assessments are essential to guide its effective clinical use in the UAE and globally.
{"title":"Semaglutide and weight management in the Arab countries: Focus on the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Sabina Semiz","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), demonstrated significant efficacy in managing obesity and T2D. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where these conditions are highly prevalent, semaglutide is being increasingly used. However, concerns remain regarding its safety, particularly thyroid-related and gastrointestinal (GI) side-effects. This review aims to investigate the options available for weight management and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs, such as semaglutide, in treating obesity and T2D, with a focus on clinical outcomes in the UAE population. A literature review was performed on GLP-1RA/semaglutide’s effectiveness and safety in obesity and T2D, with a special attention to its impact on weight loss and adverse effects, including thyroid and GI side-effects, as well as evidence gaps related to long-term outcomes and pediatric use. Current evidence supports semaglutide’s clinical benefits, but also highlight potential risks, including GI discomfort and thyroid cancer risk. Although conclusive link between GLP-1RA and thyroid cancer risk is not elucidated yet due to conflicting studies reporting either elevated risk or no significant correlation, ongoing monitoring and cautious treatment in high-risk population are highly advised. Given the rising prevalence of thyroid disorders and increasing rates of thyroid cancer in the UAE, there is concern that the Emirati population may face a higher risk of thyroid-related adverse effects compared to global population. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> While GLP-1RA/semaglutide presents a promising option for obesity and T2D management, further studies with extended durations and detailed safety assessments are essential to guide its effective clinical use in the UAE and globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100243
Subhadeep Saha , Priya Das , Tanu Das , Partha Das , Ranjan Roy , Tamal Basu Roy
Globally, geriatric cognitive disorder is one of the eminent and challenging events. There is a significant relationship between long-term substance use and CD. Thus, the main objective of the current study was to synthesize the probable evidence of retrospective studies on the impact of substance use in midlife on cognitive disorders in later life. A systematic review through meta-analysis was conducted to reveal the harmful effects of substance use on any type of CD. All the empirical studies that scrutinized the association between smoking or alcohol consumption in midlife and cognitive disorder in later life were included, adjusted for other covariates based on the required inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. Database searches were conducted using Google Scholar, Web of Science, SocINDEX, PsycINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO. A total of 9 studies were considered to perform the meta-analysis. Almost all the studies (8) examined that midlife substance user were likely to have CD in their later life. Applying the random effect model, the average effect size was estimated as 1.31 [95 % CI: 0.37, 2.25], which indicates that participants who consume alcohol or smoke in midlife had 1.31 times more risk of having CD in their later life than substance abstainers in midlife. In the sub-group analysis between alcohol and smoking, we found that alcohol consumption [RR 1.76, 95 % CI: 0.54, 2.98] is more likely to induce cognitive disorder in late life than smoking [RR 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.02, 1.47]. The result of this systematic analysis suggests that the long-term effects of drinking or smoking are not immune to the brain. So, substance use reduction could be an appropriate population-wide intervention tactic.
{"title":"Midlife substances use risk factors and cognitive disorder in late life: A systematic review using meta-analysis","authors":"Subhadeep Saha , Priya Das , Tanu Das , Partha Das , Ranjan Roy , Tamal Basu Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, geriatric cognitive disorder is one of the eminent and challenging events. There is a significant relationship between long-term substance use and CD. Thus, the main objective of the current study was to synthesize the probable evidence of retrospective studies on the impact of substance use in midlife on cognitive disorders in later life. A systematic review through meta-analysis was conducted to reveal the harmful effects of substance use on any type of CD. All the empirical studies that scrutinized the association between smoking or alcohol consumption in midlife and cognitive disorder in later life were included, adjusted for other covariates based on the required inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. Database searches were conducted using Google Scholar, Web of Science, SocINDEX, PsycINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO. A total of 9 studies were considered to perform the meta-analysis. Almost all the studies (8) examined that midlife substance user were likely to have CD in their later life. Applying the random effect model, the average effect size was estimated as 1.31 [95 % CI: 0.37, 2.25], which indicates that participants who consume alcohol or smoke in midlife had 1.31 times more risk of having CD in their later life than substance abstainers in midlife. In the sub-group analysis between alcohol and smoking, we found that alcohol consumption [RR 1.76, 95 % CI: 0.54, 2.98] is more likely to induce cognitive disorder in late life than smoking [RR 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.02, 1.47]. The result of this systematic analysis suggests that the long-term effects of drinking or smoking are not immune to the brain. So, substance use reduction could be an appropriate population-wide intervention tactic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100240
Adrian Crawford , Neil Ashwood , Akhshay George , Gur Aziz Singh Sidhu
National trauma registries were introduced 20 years ago to improve care of the multiply injured patients through benchmarking and accreditation of dedicated trauma centres. However, variability in registry design, lack of long-term functional outcome data has limited its use. A standardised dataset has been agreed upon, but not implemented which has made it difficult to obtain meaningful results, particularly in frail elderly populations.
This narrative synthesis aims to identify enablers of standardised data collection and reporting, that improves care within all levels of hospitalised trauma patients. Eligible studies were identified through systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases using a comprehensive algorithm designed to maximise sensitivity. Registry websites, annual reports, and data dictionaries were also reviewed. Two researchers independently screened studies extracted data on barriers and enablers, and assessed study quality using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies (MINORS). A thematic analysis was conducted to synthesise findings.
Barriers to effective registry included inconsistent funding, limited infrastructure and exclusion of high-risk groups, such as elderly. Enablers included government mandates, standardised methods and broad inclusion criteria. While many registries demonstrated improved mortality tracking and injury prevention strategies, very few captured long-term disability outcomes or needs of elderly patients.
Trauma care requires standardised registries with comparable datasets to enable benchmarking and improve outcomes focussed on recovery from the long-term impacts of trauma, particularly among frail elderly populations. Collaboration between trauma registries of all levels is essential to develop robust systems that drive meaningful changes in practice worldwide.
{"title":"Trauma registries compared: A systemic review of the barriers, enablers, and the path to standardisation","authors":"Adrian Crawford , Neil Ashwood , Akhshay George , Gur Aziz Singh Sidhu","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>National trauma registries were introduced 20 years ago to improve care of the multiply injured patients through benchmarking and accreditation of dedicated trauma centres. However, variability in registry design, lack of long-term functional outcome data has limited its use. A standardised dataset has been agreed upon, but not implemented which has made it difficult to obtain meaningful results, particularly in frail elderly populations.</div><div>This narrative synthesis aims to identify enablers of standardised data collection and reporting, that improves care within all levels of hospitalised trauma patients. Eligible studies were identified through systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases using a comprehensive algorithm designed to maximise sensitivity. Registry websites, annual reports, and data dictionaries were also reviewed. Two researchers independently screened studies extracted data on barriers and enablers, and assessed study quality using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies (MINORS). A thematic analysis was conducted to synthesise findings.</div><div>Barriers to effective registry included inconsistent funding, limited infrastructure and exclusion of high-risk groups, such as elderly. Enablers included government mandates, standardised methods and broad inclusion criteria. While many registries demonstrated improved mortality tracking and injury prevention strategies, very few captured long-term disability outcomes or needs of elderly patients.</div><div>Trauma care requires standardised registries with comparable datasets to enable benchmarking and improve outcomes focussed on recovery from the long-term impacts of trauma, particularly among frail elderly populations. Collaboration between trauma registries of all levels is essential to develop robust systems that drive meaningful changes in practice worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100242
Paligwendé Anne Marie Kaboré , Raogo Ouédraogo , Bavouma Charles Sombié , Zakaline Yabré , Rasmané Semdé
In recent years, the use of clay minerals in wound treatment has been the subject of extensive researches. The present paper aimed to review studies on clay minerals-based formulations for the treatment of cutaneous wounds, highlighting the healing properties attributable to the addition of these minerals in formulations. A review of literature was conducted using the ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed databases to identify research articles evaluating the wound-healing properties of clay mineral-based formulations. Studies reporting positive outcomes were included. Sixty-three (63) research articles were analyzed. The most commonly used minerals were halloysite nanotubes and montmorillonite. The less commonly used ones included bentonite, laponite, sepiolite, kaolinite, hectorite and palygorskite. In most cases, these minerals were combined with active ingredients such as antibacterials and dispersed in polymeric matrices. The identified pharmaceutical included films, hydrogels, electrospun nanofibers, sponge forms, membranes, powders, patches and creams. The results showed that clay minerals not only improved the mechanical and physical properties of the formulations, but also contributed to wound healing. Their presence accelerated hemostasis, reduced inflammation, stimulated cell proliferation and enhanced tissue remodeling. Furthermore, they potentiated and/or prolonged antibacterial activity, which is crucial for wound healing. Generally, these benefits are closed linked to the inherent physical and chemical properties of the clay minerals. Among clays minerals, halloysite and montmorillonite are of considerable interest in wound management for their proven healing properties. Their abundance in nature, biocompatibility and low cost make them a viable choice for effective wound management.
{"title":"Clay minerals used in formulations for cutaneous wound healing: An educational review","authors":"Paligwendé Anne Marie Kaboré , Raogo Ouédraogo , Bavouma Charles Sombié , Zakaline Yabré , Rasmané Semdé","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the use of clay minerals in wound treatment has been the subject of extensive researches. The present paper aimed to review studies on clay minerals-based formulations for the treatment of cutaneous wounds, highlighting the healing properties attributable to the addition of these minerals in formulations. A review of literature was conducted using the ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed databases to identify research articles evaluating the wound-healing properties of clay mineral-based formulations. Studies reporting positive outcomes were included. Sixty-three (63) research articles were analyzed. The most commonly used minerals were halloysite nanotubes and montmorillonite. The less commonly used ones included bentonite, laponite, sepiolite, kaolinite, hectorite and palygorskite. In most cases, these minerals were combined with active ingredients such as antibacterials and dispersed in polymeric matrices. The identified pharmaceutical included films, hydrogels, electrospun nanofibers, sponge forms, membranes, powders, patches and creams. The results showed that clay minerals not only improved the mechanical and physical properties of the formulations, but also contributed to wound healing. Their presence accelerated hemostasis, reduced inflammation, stimulated cell proliferation and enhanced tissue remodeling. Furthermore, they potentiated and/or prolonged antibacterial activity, which is crucial for wound healing. Generally, these benefits are closed linked to the inherent physical and chemical properties of the clay minerals. Among clays minerals, halloysite and montmorillonite are of considerable interest in wound management for their proven healing properties. Their abundance in nature, biocompatibility and low cost make them a viable choice for effective wound management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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