Hispanic health care international : the official journal of the National Association of Hispanic Nurses最新文献

IntroductionLow-income individuals with a history of international migration are at risk for poor mental health due to social and economic adversity. This study examined associations of neighborhood adversity with depression and anxiety symptoms and explored whether social support moderated this relationship in a low-income U.S.-Mexico border population.MethodsThis study recruited U.S-Mexico border residents in Tijuana, Mexico. Neighborhood adversity was measured using a validated scale with five subscales. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale. Social support was measured using the 12-item Interpersonal Support Evaluation List. Multivariable linear regression models examined the associations of neighborhood adversity with depression and anxiety symptoms.ResultsParticipants (N=206) were 77% male and 76% reported history of prior migration to the U.S. Prevalence of clinically significant depression and anxiety symptoms were 37% and 33%, respectively. Individuals with higher neighborhood adversity had higher depression (B=0.051, CI=(0.011-0.091) and (B=0.045, CI=(0.004-0.086) anxiety symptoms. Poorer aesthetic quality was associated with depression and anxiety symptoms, and higher crime/unsafety was associated with anxiety symptoms. Social support did not moderate these relationships.ConclusionNeighborhood adversity is a potentially modifiable correlate of poor mental health in low-income individuals along the U.S.-Mexico border.

The availability of mental health services in the Dominican Republic is limited and mental health needs have increased since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mobile mental health apps may be a feasible response to this increased demand for services, but few have been tested in Spanish speaking low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile app, El Buen Consejo Movil (EBCM) to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, social isolation and loneliness. Of the twenty-seven participants who screened eligible to use EBCM, twenty participants logged in and used the app (users). The PHQ-9 results were clinically and statistically significant. A decrease in PHQ-9 score was sustained in 75% of users over 12 weeks. Results of the pre and post NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in score (p = .011). Our study is one of the few studies to trial a mobile app in a Spanish speaking Caribbean LMIC. The EBCM app was a useful and effective resource to support the therapeutic process for participants with symptoms of depression.

Background: In September 2020, Governor Gavin Newsom of California signed Assembly Bill 890 (AB 890) into law, which changed Title 16 of the Nurse Practice Act, granting California nurse practitioners (NPs) a stepwise approach to full practice authority. Written within the law, NPs are required to verbally identify themselves specifically to all Spanish-speaking patients, as enfermera(o) especializada (o). Local Problem: AB 890 requires NPs to identify themselves using inappropriate Spanish terminology. There are concerns regarding the translational accuracy of nurse practitioners under AB 890. To avoid confusion, it is essential to ensure the translation of the NP role is precise and unambiguous to ensure health equity. Context: This law has a significant impact on approximately 37,000 NPs in the state of California who provide essential healthcare services to the Spanish-speaking community. Critically, the Hispanic/Latino community accounts for almost 40% of California state's population, and Intervention: This literature review will delve into the current literature for the accurate Spanish terminology of the "Advanced Practice Nurse," "Advanced Practice Registered Nurse," and Nurse Practitioner." Outcome Measures: To accurately translate "Advanced Practice Nurse," "Advanced Practice Registered Nurse," and "Nurse Practitioner."

Introduction: Language discordance among health care providers and patients has been shown to result in poor patient outcomes. Health care providers who identify as being proficient in the native language of their patients may decline the use of professional interpreters due to their self assessment of language proficiency. More information is needed about whether providers who speak Spanish are proficient in medical Spanish. This study measured medical-Spanish language proficiency among nursing students. Methods: A quantitative pretest posttest evaluation (N = 30) at a large private university in the northeastern U.S. compared student and faculty assessment of student language proficiency after taking a medical-Spanish course using the Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR). T-tests compared student's final, self-assessed ILR scores with faculty's final ILR scores. Results: A significant difference was noted between students' self assessments and faculty assessments of student language proficiency (Rater 1: t(29) = -2.660, p = 0.013; Rater 2: t(29) = -2.693, p = 0.012) with high interrater reliability (kappa = 0.875). There was a significant difference between students' self-assessment of language abilities before and after the course (t(29) = -3.694; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Objective assessment of medical-Spanish language proficiency following a medical Spanish course may more accurately measure proficiency than self-assessment alone.

Introduction: This study sought to assess disparities in health/healthcare utilization for Hispanic immigrant community in Greenville County, SC. The study also assessed the role of culturally competent care perceptions on health/healthcare utilization within this growing community. Methods: Secondary administrative data collected by a large health care system in the county facilitated the assessment of health/healthcare utilization disparities using multivariate regression. Primary purposive surveys collected among Hispanic adults assessed culturally competent care perceptions and health/healthcare utilization. Culturally competent care measures included: (1) provider understanding, (2) provider communication behaviors, (3) provider assurance, and (4) interpreter service access. Results: Health disparities were present, with Hispanic residents having lower overall health and lower routine healthcare seeking behaviors compared to non-Hispanic White residents. Moreover, culturally competent care perceptions influenced overall health and healthcare-seeking behavior within this growing Hispanic community. Hispanic residents who perceived negative communication behaviors, lack of assurance, and increased interpretive service barriers reported lower overall health and lower routine healthcare seeking behaviors. Conclusions: Addressing potential cultural competency barriers may reduce health disparities among underrepresented racial/ethnic communities as they grow and become established in the Southeast, while also improving broader health equity for all communities.

Background:Cuban healthcare system, emphasizing a holistic approach with herbal medicine as a key component, has achieved significant advancements in a multitude of health indicators. The aim of this study was to investigate the approach of Cuban healthcare system to Herbal medicine. Methods: The study conducted a review in the year 2024 in accordance with the guidelines set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Multiple databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews were searched and the quality of the studies was assessed using the AACODS checklist. Finally, a thematic analysis was conducted on the data. Results: 7 studies included within the study. The quality assessment scores presented high level of quality of the final studies with low level of bias. The thematic analysis resulted in six themes including: International collaboration, Universal coverage, Education and encouragement, Utilization, integration, and innovation, Efficiency and sustainability, and Prevention-focused and strategic approach. The Cuban healthcare system incorporates global herbal medicine knowledge, particularly from China, and provides free, regionalized services. It emphasizes the "Green Pharmacy" concept in each neighborhood and integrates herbal medicine into service delivery through a sustainable, prevention-focused policy. Conclusion: The Cuban healthcare system has implemented a multifaceted program on herbal medicine.

Introduction: Existing literature concludes that Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers endure higher rates of health disparities and chronic diseases than the general population. However, research on this population's cardiovascular disease risk factors is scarce, particularly studies comparing males and females. Methods: A meta-analysis of prevalence was utilized to examine whether male or female Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. An extensive literature search yielded over 82,000 potentially pertinent articles, of which 17 were relevant and included in the analysis. Results: The prevalence rates of high cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and overweight/obesity for female Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers were 1%-54% (95% CI: 0.04-0.15), 2%-57% (95% CI: 0.08-0.21), 3%-54% (95% CI: 0.10-0.22), and 1%-100% (95% CI: 0.26-0.84), respectively, and 5%-42% (95% CI: 0.12-0.23), 1%-63% (95% CI: 0.07-0.21), 4%-68% (95% CI: 0.15-0.31), and 1%-99% (95% CI: 0.29-0.81), respectively, for males. Conclusion: Male Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension versus females, and females have higher rates of high cholesterol versus males. However, there is a 1% prevalence difference of overweight/obesity between female and male Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers.

Latinx youth face increased risk for behavioral health concerns and experience obstacles accessing behavioral health services yet remain underrepresented in behavioral health research. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a shift toward virtual research methods, but little is known about how virtual methods may affect research participation among Latinx youth and families. This study explored the facilitators and barriers to virtual research participation among Latinx families living in low-socioeconomic status (SES) contexts. Seven parents and six adolescents participated in qualitative interviews. The interviews were analyzed to identify codes, categories, and broader themes. Findings identified several facilitators to virtual research participation, including having a clear virtual protocol, using video to simulate in-person interactions, and participants' perceptions of virtual research as safe and convenient. Barriers to virtual participation included limited technology literacy and access, online safety concerns, and technical difficulties. To promote virtual research engagement for Latinx families living in low-SES contexts, researchers should ensure accessibility and security of virtual platforms, emphasize online safety procedures, and attend to participants' access and preferences when developing virtual protocols. Future studies should assess the effectiveness of implementing specific strategies to enhance Latinx participation in virtual behavioral health research.

Introduction: Guatemala's Infant Mortality Rate was 20th highest in the world at 18 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2022. Part of the problem is lay midwives (LMs) who attend most births at home lack training in helping babies breathe (HBB). LMs transfer babies struggling to breathe to firefighters (FF). The aims of this mixed-methods pilot study were to evaluate a HBB educational activity, explore LM and FF's lived experience HBB, and to assess if the HBB educational activity changed participants' knowledge. Methods: Twelve LMs and six FFs (N = 18) participated in focus group discussions, completed a pretest and posttest, and provided quality improvement and demographic data. Results: Three themes emerged from focus group. Participants (1) value partnerships and collaboration, (2) know about newborn delivery and care, 3) desire continuous training to improve skills. A t-test showed a statistically significant increase in knowledge from pretest (n = 18, M = 4.17, SD = 1.295) to posttest (n = 18, M = 5.00, SD = 1.524), p = .024. Participants intend to use what they learned and would not change anything about the educational activity. Conclusion: Participants were satisfied with the HBB educational activity and viewed it as sustainable. Future educational activities should facilitate collaboration among LMs and FFs about HBB to improve Guatemala's IMR.