Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13874.1
J. O'Shea, S. Dockray, Elizabeth Susman
Background Our team published a systematic review highlighting the lack of a comprehensive measure of health and wellbeing for postpartum women. The aim of this project was to examine the feasibility of a combination of existing measures, chosen for their coverage of key domains and psychometric rigour. The primary objective was to examine the validity and completeness of the novel outcome set within the first week (T1), 6 weeks (T2), and 12 weeks postpartum (T3). Secondary objectives were to examine concordance between patient-clinician reports of delivery complications and assess postpartum response rates. Methods Participants completed demographic and delivery details as well as completing a combination of existing PROM tools: the PQoL (Postpartum women’s Quality of life questionnaire), ICIQ-UI-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form) and 2 sexual health questions. Participants also rated the validity of these tools. Results The response rates were 69% (n=59)T1, 67% (n=57)T2 and 48% (41)T3. Complete responses at T1 55% (n=47),T2 53% (n=45)T3 44% (n=37). The median time taken to complete the survey was 7 minutes. Across the three time points ~70% (70.2% T1, 73.3% T2, 69% T3) of respondents felt that all outcomes that mattered most to them were captured. The difference between complication rates reported by patients and clinicians was 0% for neonatal and high-dependency unit admissions. Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) was reported by 2 patients and 1 clinician. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) was reported by 4 (28%) despite electronic records recording PPH occurrence in 14 patients at T1. Conclusions A combination of tools and additional sexual health questions collected from postpartum women using an online survey across three postnatal time points appears feasible and has good validity and completeness. Patient-clinician concordance in the reporting of complication rates was high for all but PPH where patients tended to report lower rates.
{"title":"Assessing the stability of psychobiological stress reactivity during adolescence: mixed-effect modelling of cortisol responses to laboratory stressors","authors":"J. O'Shea, S. Dockray, Elizabeth Susman","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13874.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13874.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Our team published a systematic review highlighting the lack of a comprehensive measure of health and wellbeing for postpartum women. The aim of this project was to examine the feasibility of a combination of existing measures, chosen for their coverage of key domains and psychometric rigour. The primary objective was to examine the validity and completeness of the novel outcome set within the first week (T1), 6 weeks (T2), and 12 weeks postpartum (T3). Secondary objectives were to examine concordance between patient-clinician reports of delivery complications and assess postpartum response rates. Methods Participants completed demographic and delivery details as well as completing a combination of existing PROM tools: the PQoL (Postpartum women’s Quality of life questionnaire), ICIQ-UI-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form) and 2 sexual health questions. Participants also rated the validity of these tools. Results The response rates were 69% (n=59)T1, 67% (n=57)T2 and 48% (41)T3. Complete responses at T1 55% (n=47),T2 53% (n=45)T3 44% (n=37). The median time taken to complete the survey was 7 minutes. Across the three time points ~70% (70.2% T1, 73.3% T2, 69% T3) of respondents felt that all outcomes that mattered most to them were captured. The difference between complication rates reported by patients and clinicians was 0% for neonatal and high-dependency unit admissions. Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) was reported by 2 patients and 1 clinician. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) was reported by 4 (28%) despite electronic records recording PPH occurrence in 14 patients at T1. Conclusions A combination of tools and additional sexual health questions collected from postpartum women using an online survey across three postnatal time points appears feasible and has good validity and completeness. Patient-clinician concordance in the reporting of complication rates was high for all but PPH where patients tended to report lower rates.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13821.1
L. Behan, Carol Grogan, L. Keyes
Background Quality in health and social care is of paramount importance. Regulation is often used for ensuring or promoting quality in care services. Services are typically regulated by independent public authorities, which monitor services for compliance with regulations. There is limited research, however, on services’ compliance with regulations to provide a high quality of care. This study aims to examine nursing home compliance with regulations relating to quality. Methods Secondary legislation used for regulating nursing homes in Ireland was mapped to the Donabedian’s quality framework with each regulation categorised as either “structure”, “process” or “outcome”. The regulations categorised as “outcome” were determined to be quality-related regulations; such regulations were extracted and became this study’s area of focus. Published inspection reports from the regulator in Ireland for a three year period (2019 to 2021) (n=1,153) were assessed. The frequency with which the “outcome regulations” were inspected in nursing homes, and the proportion of compliance achieved, was calculated. Change in compliance levels across the three years was evaluated using Chi2 tests. Results Ten regulations were categorised as “outcome regulations” and addressed the following areas: positive behaviour; protection; residents' rights; communication; visits; personal possessions; food and nutrition; information for residents; medicines and pharmaceutical services; and complaints procedures. Compliance with two regulations (‘Regulation 9: Residents’ rights’ and ‘Regulation 11: Visits’) significantly improved during the three years (p<0.05). Compliance with ‘Regulation 12: Personal Possessions’ significantly decreased over the three years, however, so did the proportion found not compliant. While there was no significant change in the other regulations examined, compliance trended towards improvement, except for one regulation, ‘Regulation 20: Information for residents’, which trended downwards. Conclusion This analysis of national-level data found improvements in compliance across nearly all quality-related regulations demonstrating that regulation can be a positive influence on quality maintenance and improvement.
{"title":"The impact of regulation on the quality of care in nursing homes in Ireland: a time-series analysis of change in compliance","authors":"L. Behan, Carol Grogan, L. Keyes","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13821.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13821.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Quality in health and social care is of paramount importance. Regulation is often used for ensuring or promoting quality in care services. Services are typically regulated by independent public authorities, which monitor services for compliance with regulations. There is limited research, however, on services’ compliance with regulations to provide a high quality of care. This study aims to examine nursing home compliance with regulations relating to quality. Methods Secondary legislation used for regulating nursing homes in Ireland was mapped to the Donabedian’s quality framework with each regulation categorised as either “structure”, “process” or “outcome”. The regulations categorised as “outcome” were determined to be quality-related regulations; such regulations were extracted and became this study’s area of focus. Published inspection reports from the regulator in Ireland for a three year period (2019 to 2021) (n=1,153) were assessed. The frequency with which the “outcome regulations” were inspected in nursing homes, and the proportion of compliance achieved, was calculated. Change in compliance levels across the three years was evaluated using Chi2 tests. Results Ten regulations were categorised as “outcome regulations” and addressed the following areas: positive behaviour; protection; residents' rights; communication; visits; personal possessions; food and nutrition; information for residents; medicines and pharmaceutical services; and complaints procedures. Compliance with two regulations (‘Regulation 9: Residents’ rights’ and ‘Regulation 11: Visits’) significantly improved during the three years (p<0.05). Compliance with ‘Regulation 12: Personal Possessions’ significantly decreased over the three years, however, so did the proportion found not compliant. While there was no significant change in the other regulations examined, compliance trended towards improvement, except for one regulation, ‘Regulation 20: Information for residents’, which trended downwards. Conclusion This analysis of national-level data found improvements in compliance across nearly all quality-related regulations demonstrating that regulation can be a positive influence on quality maintenance and improvement.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13865.1
Una M. Cronin, Alice Shannon, Micheal ó hAodha, Aidan O'Sullivan, Niamh M. Cummins, Leonard OŚullivan
Background Mallet finger injuries are a frequent cause of hospital attendance, being the fifth most common injury in the body. They are therefore a frequent cause of hospital visits. To date, these injuries have primarily been managed using generic splints. As a generic splint provides a generic fit, patients who receive these are not provided with a custom splint experience. As the size and fit of these splints are not bespoke to the patient’s anatomy, patients may not always find the fit comfortable and may find complying with these splints difficult at times. However, an opportunity is developing within healthcare where custom splinting can be obtained for some using Three-D (3D) printing. The rationale for this review is to gain an understanding of the research that has been conducted on 3D printing of mallet injury splints. Objective The objective of this scoping review is to map the current literature on 3D printing associated with mallet finger injury. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be used throughout along with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two researchers will search the databases that will include CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, EbscoHost, Medline/Pubmed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search will include grey literature and a hand search of sources falling outside the chosen databases. Screen titles, abstracts, and full-text articles will be reviewed by two researchers independently using Rayaan software. The data extracted from the literature will first be presented in a tabulated chart followed by a narrative synthesis. Registration The protocol was registered on 6th September 2023, with the Open Science Framework. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FSJPK
背景槌状指损伤是一种常见的医院就诊原因，是人体第五大常见损伤。因此，它们也是医院就诊的常见原因。迄今为止，这些损伤主要使用普通夹板处理。由于普通夹板提供的是通用型夹板，因此接受这种夹板治疗的患者无法获得定制夹板的体验。由于这些夹板的尺寸和合身性并不是根据患者的解剖结构量身定制的，因此患者可能并不总能感到合身舒适，而且有时可能会发现很难坚持使用这些夹板。不过，医疗保健领域正在出现一个机会，即可以利用三维打印技术为某些患者定制夹板。本综述旨在了解有关3D打印槌伤夹板的研究。目标 本综述旨在了解目前与槌状指损伤相关的 3D 打印文献。方法 采用乔安娜-布里格斯研究所 (Joanna Briggs Institute，JBI) 的范围界定综述方法以及范围界定综述的系统综述和 Meta 分析首选报告项目扩展 (PRISMA-ScR)。两名研究人员将检索包括 CINAHL、Embase、Cochrane、EbscoHost、Medline/Pubmed、Science Direct、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 在内的数据库。搜索将包括灰色文献和所选数据库之外的手工搜索。筛选出的标题、摘要和全文将由两名研究人员使用 Rayaan 软件独立审阅。从文献中提取的数据将首先以表格的形式呈现，然后进行叙述性综合。注册 本协议于 2023 年 9 月 6 日在开放科学框架下注册。注册 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FSJPK
{"title":"What is known from the existing literature about the treatment of Mallet Injury using 3D printed splints? A Scoping Review Protocol","authors":"Una M. Cronin, Alice Shannon, Micheal ó hAodha, Aidan O'Sullivan, Niamh M. Cummins, Leonard OŚullivan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13865.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13865.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Mallet finger injuries are a frequent cause of hospital attendance, being the fifth most common injury in the body. They are therefore a frequent cause of hospital visits. To date, these injuries have primarily been managed using generic splints. As a generic splint provides a generic fit, patients who receive these are not provided with a custom splint experience. As the size and fit of these splints are not bespoke to the patient’s anatomy, patients may not always find the fit comfortable and may find complying with these splints difficult at times. However, an opportunity is developing within healthcare where custom splinting can be obtained for some using Three-D (3D) printing. The rationale for this review is to gain an understanding of the research that has been conducted on 3D printing of mallet injury splints. Objective The objective of this scoping review is to map the current literature on 3D printing associated with mallet finger injury. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be used throughout along with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two researchers will search the databases that will include CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, EbscoHost, Medline/Pubmed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search will include grey literature and a hand search of sources falling outside the chosen databases. Screen titles, abstracts, and full-text articles will be reviewed by two researchers independently using Rayaan software. The data extracted from the literature will first be presented in a tabulated chart followed by a narrative synthesis. Registration The protocol was registered on 6th September 2023, with the Open Science Framework. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FSJPK","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13798.1
Benjamin Jacob, Vivian X. W. Teng, Delphi Morris, Bethany Wickramsinghe, F. Moriarty, Heather Burns, Kathleen Bennett, Patrick Redmond
Background Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. A significant reason for its high mortality is delayed diagnosis, with lung cancer typically diagnosed at an advanced stage. Previous research has shown that prescribing rates of certain medications increase in the 24 months preceding a cancer diagnosis. This suggests a potential opportunity for early diagnosis of lung cancer by the identification of high-risk patients based on the prescribing of medications associated with a subsequent lung cancer diagnosis. Our aim is to identify all prescribing events associated within an increased incidence of primary lung cancer in the subsequent 24 months. Methods We will conduct a systematic review, and, where possible, a meta-analysis, reporting the findings in accordance with the PRISMA reporting guideline. All peer-reviewed studies in the English language that quantitatively describe an association between prescribing data and lung cancer diagnosis using a control group will be eligible. Details regarding prescribing rate in the lung cancer group versus the control group will be extracted with study characteristics. Quality appraisal of studies, using ROBINS-E will be used for assessing risk of bias. For each drug studied, we will report prescribing rate ratios (PRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-analysis using a pooled estimate of PRRs, either by fixed or random-effect models, will be performed if possible. Conclusions This systematic review will summarise the evidence on drugs that, when prescribed, suggest the possibility of an as-yet-undiagnosed lung cancer. This research has the potential to impact clinical practice by informing targeted screening strategies and refining early detection protocols for this harmful disease. If achieved, this could increase the numbers of lung cancers diagnosed at an earlier stage, with consequent improvements to patients in terms of survival, treatment tolerability and quality of life.
{"title":"Primary care prescribing prior to lung cancer diagnosis (PPP-Lung): protocol for a systematic review","authors":"Benjamin Jacob, Vivian X. W. Teng, Delphi Morris, Bethany Wickramsinghe, F. Moriarty, Heather Burns, Kathleen Bennett, Patrick Redmond","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13798.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13798.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. A significant reason for its high mortality is delayed diagnosis, with lung cancer typically diagnosed at an advanced stage. Previous research has shown that prescribing rates of certain medications increase in the 24 months preceding a cancer diagnosis. This suggests a potential opportunity for early diagnosis of lung cancer by the identification of high-risk patients based on the prescribing of medications associated with a subsequent lung cancer diagnosis. Our aim is to identify all prescribing events associated within an increased incidence of primary lung cancer in the subsequent 24 months. Methods We will conduct a systematic review, and, where possible, a meta-analysis, reporting the findings in accordance with the PRISMA reporting guideline. All peer-reviewed studies in the English language that quantitatively describe an association between prescribing data and lung cancer diagnosis using a control group will be eligible. Details regarding prescribing rate in the lung cancer group versus the control group will be extracted with study characteristics. Quality appraisal of studies, using ROBINS-E will be used for assessing risk of bias. For each drug studied, we will report prescribing rate ratios (PRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-analysis using a pooled estimate of PRRs, either by fixed or random-effect models, will be performed if possible. Conclusions This systematic review will summarise the evidence on drugs that, when prescribed, suggest the possibility of an as-yet-undiagnosed lung cancer. This research has the potential to impact clinical practice by informing targeted screening strategies and refining early detection protocols for this harmful disease. If achieved, this could increase the numbers of lung cancers diagnosed at an earlier stage, with consequent improvements to patients in terms of survival, treatment tolerability and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13820.1
Purity Mwendwa, Tala Al-Rousan
Background As immigration continues to be a global phenomenon, the number of aging immigrants will increase. There is a knowledge gap in the United States on the social determinants of health among older immigrants, especially the older refugee population. We aimed to explore the social determinants of health among older African immigrants living in San Diego, California, and to suggest strategies that can inform the design of health-promoting interventions. Methods We employed a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 11 participants (nine females and two males). We used deductive thematic analysis to explore and analyse the factors that influence their health and well-being based on the five levels of the socio-ecological model (individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy). Results Participants were aged between 62 and 90 years; eight participants had arrived as refugees. Thematic analysis resulted in the following themes within the five levels: individual (pre-migration and migration experiences and impact on health, aging-related health decline, sedentary lifestyle, side effects of medications,language barrier); interpersonal (social support and social participation); organizational (access to healthcare and support services, transportation, - disruption to services due to COVID-19, perception of healthcare and support services); community (social, emotional and practical support, connecting older adults to services) and public policy (financial barriers, immigration policies and legal status). Conclusions Given the distinct linguistic and cultural backgrounds coupled with the unique health needs of our study participants, there is a need for diverse and complementary interventions that seek to build a sense of community and social support for older adults. Such interventions ought to be co-developed with immigrant communities and local organizations to ensure cultural acceptability and effectiveness. Crucially needed are immigration policies that consider the unique situation of older immigrants from low-income backgrounds to ensure equitable access to health and social care services.
{"title":"An exploration of the social determinants of the health and well-being among older African immigrants living in San Diego. A socio-ecological approach","authors":"Purity Mwendwa, Tala Al-Rousan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13820.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13820.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background As immigration continues to be a global phenomenon, the number of aging immigrants will increase. There is a knowledge gap in the United States on the social determinants of health among older immigrants, especially the older refugee population. We aimed to explore the social determinants of health among older African immigrants living in San Diego, California, and to suggest strategies that can inform the design of health-promoting interventions. Methods We employed a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 11 participants (nine females and two males). We used deductive thematic analysis to explore and analyse the factors that influence their health and well-being based on the five levels of the socio-ecological model (individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy). Results Participants were aged between 62 and 90 years; eight participants had arrived as refugees. Thematic analysis resulted in the following themes within the five levels: individual (pre-migration and migration experiences and impact on health, aging-related health decline, sedentary lifestyle, side effects of medications,language barrier); interpersonal (social support and social participation); organizational (access to healthcare and support services, transportation, - disruption to services due to COVID-19, perception of healthcare and support services); community (social, emotional and practical support, connecting older adults to services) and public policy (financial barriers, immigration policies and legal status). Conclusions Given the distinct linguistic and cultural backgrounds coupled with the unique health needs of our study participants, there is a need for diverse and complementary interventions that seek to build a sense of community and social support for older adults. Such interventions ought to be co-developed with immigrant communities and local organizations to ensure cultural acceptability and effectiveness. Crucially needed are immigration policies that consider the unique situation of older immigrants from low-income backgrounds to ensure equitable access to health and social care services.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13838.1
S. O'Reilly, A. Whiston, Eva Corbett, Amy O'Mahony, Molly X Manning, Pauline Boland, Katie Robinson, Rose Galvin, Joanna M Allardyce, Mike Butler, Jim Bradley, Jon Salsberg, Margaret O’Connor, Patricia Pond, Eva Murphy, Liam Glynn, N. Cunningham, Edel Hennessy, S. Hayes
Background Public and patient involvement (PPI) is important in stroke research to ensure that research conducted reflects the priorities and needs of people after stroke. Several factors have been found to affect PPI, including location of the research and time requirements for participation. The incidence of stroke is rising, and can result in symptoms including fatigue, depression, and physical/cognitive impairments. Aims 1) Describe the development of a PPI advisory group and a healthcare professional advisory group for stroke rehabilitation research and 2) to explore the perspectives of the members of the PPI groups on being involved in the research process. Methods A stakeholder panel consisting of up to 20 people with stroke, members of the public and healthcare professionals will be formed. A pragmatic purposive sampling technique using snowball sampling will be used to recruit members. The PPI panel will meet four times and will be supported by the guidelines developed from the INVOLVE framework. The PPI panel will be involved as co-researchers in the conceptualisation of future stroke rehabilitation research, the delivery of such studies, the analysis and dissemination of findings. Following the development of the panel, we will conduct semi-structured focus groups to collect qualitative data, examining the perspectives of members. Separate focus groups will be held for people with stroke, family members/cares, and healthcare professionals/researchers. Data will be transcribed and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s Reflexive Thematic Analysis. This will result in a set of themes and subthemes describing participants' opinions and experience of being on a PPI panel in stroke rehabilitation research. Conclusions PPI is an essential part of research in stroke. Stakeholders can provide key insights into the research processes. The results of this qualitative study will provide insight into the barriers and enablers of their participation in PPI in stroke rehabilitation research.
{"title":"Development and evaluation of a stroke research Public Patient Involvement Panel","authors":"S. O'Reilly, A. Whiston, Eva Corbett, Amy O'Mahony, Molly X Manning, Pauline Boland, Katie Robinson, Rose Galvin, Joanna M Allardyce, Mike Butler, Jim Bradley, Jon Salsberg, Margaret O’Connor, Patricia Pond, Eva Murphy, Liam Glynn, N. Cunningham, Edel Hennessy, S. Hayes","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13838.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13838.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Public and patient involvement (PPI) is important in stroke research to ensure that research conducted reflects the priorities and needs of people after stroke. Several factors have been found to affect PPI, including location of the research and time requirements for participation. The incidence of stroke is rising, and can result in symptoms including fatigue, depression, and physical/cognitive impairments. Aims 1) Describe the development of a PPI advisory group and a healthcare professional advisory group for stroke rehabilitation research and 2) to explore the perspectives of the members of the PPI groups on being involved in the research process. Methods A stakeholder panel consisting of up to 20 people with stroke, members of the public and healthcare professionals will be formed. A pragmatic purposive sampling technique using snowball sampling will be used to recruit members. The PPI panel will meet four times and will be supported by the guidelines developed from the INVOLVE framework. The PPI panel will be involved as co-researchers in the conceptualisation of future stroke rehabilitation research, the delivery of such studies, the analysis and dissemination of findings. Following the development of the panel, we will conduct semi-structured focus groups to collect qualitative data, examining the perspectives of members. Separate focus groups will be held for people with stroke, family members/cares, and healthcare professionals/researchers. Data will be transcribed and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s Reflexive Thematic Analysis. This will result in a set of themes and subthemes describing participants' opinions and experience of being on a PPI panel in stroke rehabilitation research. Conclusions PPI is an essential part of research in stroke. Stakeholders can provide key insights into the research processes. The results of this qualitative study will provide insight into the barriers and enablers of their participation in PPI in stroke rehabilitation research.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13877.1
Áine Earley, Angela O’Dea, C. Madden, Paul O'Connor, D. Byrne, Andrew W. Murphy, S. Lydon
Background Approximately 25 million citizens in Europe experience infertility. Until September 2023, the Republic of Ireland (RoI) was the only state in the European Union that did not offer any state-funded access to Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). As research supports the understanding, and improvement, of care delivery, and research activity is associated with healthcare performance, it seems timely to develop an understanding of infertility research to-date in RoI. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the extent and nature of research on infertility conducted in RoI. Methods A protocol for this scoping review was published through the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/H8F4Y) in March 2023. The search strategy was comprised of electronic searches, review of reference lists, grey literature searches, and screening of publications from the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Studies focused on infertility or infertility care that were conducted in RoI were included. Deductive content analysis was used to cluster studies. Results In total, 105 studies were included and published between 1951 and 2023, with a marked increase from 2010. Studies most frequently considered Success Rates of ART (31.4%), Service Description and Evaluation (12.4%), and Optimising Treatment Regimes or Protocols (11.4%). Conclusions The sizable body of research is congruent with the increasing burden of infertility. However, the literature is limited by a predominant focus on ART success rates, a dearth of qualitative studies, limited engagement with healthcare providers, and limited exploration of the quality of care provision. This review may offer a useful model for researchers in other countries. The variability in availability, and outcomes, of ART across Europe conveys the necessity of understanding and advancing research within individual countries and health systems as well as internationally.
{"title":"A scoping review of infertility research conducted in the Republic Of Ireland","authors":"Áine Earley, Angela O’Dea, C. Madden, Paul O'Connor, D. Byrne, Andrew W. Murphy, S. Lydon","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13877.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13877.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Approximately 25 million citizens in Europe experience infertility. Until September 2023, the Republic of Ireland (RoI) was the only state in the European Union that did not offer any state-funded access to Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). As research supports the understanding, and improvement, of care delivery, and research activity is associated with healthcare performance, it seems timely to develop an understanding of infertility research to-date in RoI. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the extent and nature of research on infertility conducted in RoI. Methods A protocol for this scoping review was published through the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/H8F4Y) in March 2023. The search strategy was comprised of electronic searches, review of reference lists, grey literature searches, and screening of publications from the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Studies focused on infertility or infertility care that were conducted in RoI were included. Deductive content analysis was used to cluster studies. Results In total, 105 studies were included and published between 1951 and 2023, with a marked increase from 2010. Studies most frequently considered Success Rates of ART (31.4%), Service Description and Evaluation (12.4%), and Optimising Treatment Regimes or Protocols (11.4%). Conclusions The sizable body of research is congruent with the increasing burden of infertility. However, the literature is limited by a predominant focus on ART success rates, a dearth of qualitative studies, limited engagement with healthcare providers, and limited exploration of the quality of care provision. This review may offer a useful model for researchers in other countries. The variability in availability, and outcomes, of ART across Europe conveys the necessity of understanding and advancing research within individual countries and health systems as well as internationally.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13833.1
L. Telford, C. Healy, Éilis J O’Reilly, Mary C Clarke
Background Mental and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability among young people worldwide. Early life environments and experiences have a significant influence on development with long-lasting implications for both physical and mental health. While the harmful effects of childhood adversity are well-documented, positive childhood experiences are less well-established and the degree of association with later mental health outcomes is currently undefined. The proposed systematic review will therefore examine the literature exploring associations between exposure to positive childhood experiences and the development of psychiatric disorder or symptoms in adulthood. Methods and analysis Studies examining associations between exposure to positive childhood experiences and risk of adult psychiatric disorder or symptoms will be systematically identified by searching Embase, APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, and Scopus. Customised search strategies will be built for each database by combining key search terms relating to inclusion criteria. No restrictions on publication date will be applied, however searches will be restricted to the English language. Provided data are sufficient, a random-effects model at the 0.05 level of significance will be used to pool quantitative effect estimates. If meta-analysis is not possible, results will be summarised in tables and reported narratively. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies will be used for quality assessment of included studies and the overall strength of the body of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. Heterogeneity between included studies will be explored through visual inspection of forest plots and by assessing the I2 statistic. Reporting of this protocol has been guided by the standards of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols Statement. Ethics and dissemination Only published data will be used for this review therefore ethical approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated in a scientific peer-reviewed journal and results presented at conferences.
背景 精神障碍和药物滥用是导致全球青少年残疾的主要原因。早年的生活环境和经历对人的成长有重大影响，并对身心健康产生长远的影响。童年逆境的有害影响已得到充分证实，但积极的童年经历却鲜有人提及，其与日后心理健康结果的关联程度目前也尚未确定。因此，本系统综述将研究探讨童年积极经历与成年后精神障碍或症状发展之间关系的文献。方法与分析 将通过检索 Embase、APA PsycInfo、MEDLINE 和 Scopus，系统地确定研究童年积极经历与成年后精神障碍或症状风险之间关系的研究。我们将结合与纳入标准相关的关键检索词，为每个数据库制定个性化的检索策略。对发表日期不做限制，但搜索仅限于英语。如果数据充足，将使用 0.05 显著性水平的随机效应模型来汇总定量效应估计值。如果无法进行荟萃分析，则将以表格形式总结结果并进行叙述性报告。乔安娜-布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的队列研究批判性评估核对表（Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies）将用于对纳入的研究进行质量评估，并将使用 "建议分级评估、发展和评价框架"（Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework）对证据体的整体强度进行评估。将通过目测森林图和评估 I2 统计量来探讨纳入研究之间的异质性。本方案的报告遵循《系统综述和元分析方案首选报告项目声明》的标准。伦理与传播 本综述仅使用已发表的数据，因此无需伦理批准。研究结果将在同行评审的科学期刊上发表，并在会议上展示。
{"title":"The impact of positive childhood experiences on adult psychiatric disorder and symptoms: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies","authors":"L. Telford, C. Healy, Éilis J O’Reilly, Mary C Clarke","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13833.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13833.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Mental and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability among young people worldwide. Early life environments and experiences have a significant influence on development with long-lasting implications for both physical and mental health. While the harmful effects of childhood adversity are well-documented, positive childhood experiences are less well-established and the degree of association with later mental health outcomes is currently undefined. The proposed systematic review will therefore examine the literature exploring associations between exposure to positive childhood experiences and the development of psychiatric disorder or symptoms in adulthood. Methods and analysis Studies examining associations between exposure to positive childhood experiences and risk of adult psychiatric disorder or symptoms will be systematically identified by searching Embase, APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, and Scopus. Customised search strategies will be built for each database by combining key search terms relating to inclusion criteria. No restrictions on publication date will be applied, however searches will be restricted to the English language. Provided data are sufficient, a random-effects model at the 0.05 level of significance will be used to pool quantitative effect estimates. If meta-analysis is not possible, results will be summarised in tables and reported narratively. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies will be used for quality assessment of included studies and the overall strength of the body of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. Heterogeneity between included studies will be explored through visual inspection of forest plots and by assessing the I2 statistic. Reporting of this protocol has been guided by the standards of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols Statement. Ethics and dissemination Only published data will be used for this review therefore ethical approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated in a scientific peer-reviewed journal and results presented at conferences.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13876.1
L. O'Byrne, G. Maher, Jill M Mitchell, Ali Khashan, Richard Greene, John Browne, Fergus McCarthy
Background Our team published a systematic review highlighting the lack of a comprehensive measure of health and wellbeing for postpartum women. The aim of this project was to examine the feasibility of a combination of existing measures, chosen for their coverage of key domains and psychometric rigour. The primary objective was to examine the validity and completeness of the novel outcome set within the first week (T1), 6 weeks (T2), and 12 weeks postpartum (T3). Secondary objectives were to examine concordance between patient-clinician reports of delivery complications and assess postpartum response rates. Methods Participants completed demographic and delivery details as well as completing a combination of existing PROM tools: the PQoL (Postpartum women’s Quality of life questionnaire), ICIQ-UI-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form) and 2 sexual health questions. Participants also rated the validity of these tools. Results The response rates were 69% (n=59)T1, 67% (n=57)T2 and 48% (41)T3. Complete responses at T1 55% (n=47),T2 53% (n=45)T3 44% (n=37). The median time taken to complete the survey was 7 minutes. Across the three time points ~70% (70.2% T1, 73.3% T2, 69% T3) of respondents felt that all outcomes that mattered most to them were captured. The difference between complication rates reported by patients and clinicians was 0% for neonatal and high-dependency unit admissions. Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) was reported by 2 patients and 1 clinician. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) was reported by 4 (28%) despite electronic records recording PPH occurrence in 14 patients at T1. Conclusions A combination of tools and additional sexual health questions collected from postpartum women using an online survey across three postnatal time points appears feasible and has good validity and completeness. Patient-clinician concordance in the reporting of complication rates was high for all but PPH where patients tended to report lower rates.
{"title":"Assessment of the feasibility of a comprehensive patient reported outcome set for postpartum women: the maternal patient-reported outcome set (MOMs Study)","authors":"L. O'Byrne, G. Maher, Jill M Mitchell, Ali Khashan, Richard Greene, John Browne, Fergus McCarthy","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13876.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13876.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Our team published a systematic review highlighting the lack of a comprehensive measure of health and wellbeing for postpartum women. The aim of this project was to examine the feasibility of a combination of existing measures, chosen for their coverage of key domains and psychometric rigour. The primary objective was to examine the validity and completeness of the novel outcome set within the first week (T1), 6 weeks (T2), and 12 weeks postpartum (T3). Secondary objectives were to examine concordance between patient-clinician reports of delivery complications and assess postpartum response rates. Methods Participants completed demographic and delivery details as well as completing a combination of existing PROM tools: the PQoL (Postpartum women’s Quality of life questionnaire), ICIQ-UI-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form) and 2 sexual health questions. Participants also rated the validity of these tools. Results The response rates were 69% (n=59)T1, 67% (n=57)T2 and 48% (41)T3. Complete responses at T1 55% (n=47),T2 53% (n=45)T3 44% (n=37). The median time taken to complete the survey was 7 minutes. Across the three time points ~70% (70.2% T1, 73.3% T2, 69% T3) of respondents felt that all outcomes that mattered most to them were captured. The difference between complication rates reported by patients and clinicians was 0% for neonatal and high-dependency unit admissions. Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) was reported by 2 patients and 1 clinician. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) was reported by 4 (28%) despite electronic records recording PPH occurrence in 14 patients at T1. Conclusions A combination of tools and additional sexual health questions collected from postpartum women using an online survey across three postnatal time points appears feasible and has good validity and completeness. Patient-clinician concordance in the reporting of complication rates was high for all but PPH where patients tended to report lower rates.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13755.1
M. Hanlon, Brian McGuire, C. MacGilchrist, Rosie Dunne, Ellen Kirwan, Deirdre Ní Neachtain, K. Dhatariya, V. Blanchette, H. Durand, Anda Dragomir, Caroline McIntosh
Introduction Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Psychological factors are believed to play a role in wound healing, but it remains uncertain if psychological interventions can help individuals with an active DFU, or a history of DFUs, to achieve complete or improved wound healing or prevent recurrence. Objective The objective of the proposed scoping review is to investigate the emotional consequences/burden of living with DFU and to examine how psychosocial factors may impact progression and management of ulcerations. Methods This review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will guide the reporting of results. Discussion While factors such as stress, depression, social support, and adherence to treatment have been identified as variables that may negatively affect DFU healing, there is a need for a greater understanding of how psychological and behavioural variables such as these may influence ulcer incidence, healing and recurrence in people with diabetes. This review will comprise of a broad and systematically mapped synthesis of the identified data. Findings will be used to provide a better understanding of the bi-directional relationship between DFU and psychological variables and will provide direction for the development or adaptation of a tailored psychological intervention that will aim to optimise wellbeing and improve outcomes for individuals with DFU.
导言 糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）是糖尿病的主要并发症，发病率和死亡率都很高。心理因素被认为在伤口愈合中起着一定作用，但心理干预能否帮助活动性糖尿病足溃疡或有糖尿病足溃疡病史的患者实现完全愈合或改善伤口愈合或防止复发，目前仍不确定。目标 本范围界定综述旨在调查 DFU 患者的情感后果/生活负担，并研究心理社会因素如何影响溃疡的进展和管理。方法 本综述将按照乔安娜-布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的范围界定综述方法进行，范围界定综述的系统综述和荟萃分析扩展首选报告项目（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews，PRISMA-ScR）将指导结果的报告。讨论 虽然压力、抑郁、社会支持和坚持治疗等因素已被确定为可能对 DFU 愈合产生负面影响的变量，但仍有必要进一步了解这些心理和行为变量如何影响糖尿病患者的溃疡发生、愈合和复发。本综述将对已确定的数据进行广泛而系统的综合。研究结果将用于更好地理解 DFU 与心理变量之间的双向关系，并为开发或调整量身定制的心理干预措施提供方向，该干预措施旨在优化 DFU 患者的身心健康并改善其治疗效果。
{"title":"Psychological factors and diabetic foot ulceration: a scoping review of the bi-directional relationship between diabetic foot ulcer healing and mental health factors","authors":"M. Hanlon, Brian McGuire, C. MacGilchrist, Rosie Dunne, Ellen Kirwan, Deirdre Ní Neachtain, K. Dhatariya, V. Blanchette, H. Durand, Anda Dragomir, Caroline McIntosh","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13755.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13755.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Psychological factors are believed to play a role in wound healing, but it remains uncertain if psychological interventions can help individuals with an active DFU, or a history of DFUs, to achieve complete or improved wound healing or prevent recurrence. Objective The objective of the proposed scoping review is to investigate the emotional consequences/burden of living with DFU and to examine how psychosocial factors may impact progression and management of ulcerations. Methods This review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will guide the reporting of results. Discussion While factors such as stress, depression, social support, and adherence to treatment have been identified as variables that may negatively affect DFU healing, there is a need for a greater understanding of how psychological and behavioural variables such as these may influence ulcer incidence, healing and recurrence in people with diabetes. This review will comprise of a broad and systematically mapped synthesis of the identified data. Findings will be used to provide a better understanding of the bi-directional relationship between DFU and psychological variables and will provide direction for the development or adaptation of a tailored psychological intervention that will aim to optimise wellbeing and improve outcomes for individuals with DFU.","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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