Integrated healthcare journal最新文献

Introduction: Post-COVID-19 syndrome is associated with significant health and potential socioeconomic burden. Due to its novel nature, there is a lack of clarity over best practice for the rehabilitation of patients with ongoing or new symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection. We conducted a systematic review of clinical and service guidelines for post-COVID-19 syndrome rehabilitation.

Methods: This review was registered on PROSPERO and is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We included guidelines formally published or endorsed by a recognised professional body, covering rehabilitation of people with symptoms following resolution of acute COVID-19 infection. We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, NHS Evidence, MedRxiv, PsyArXiv and Google for terms related to COVID-19, rehabilitation and guideline. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion, data extracted and quality assessed using the AGREE II and AGREE-REX tools for clinical guidelines and the AGREE-HS tool for service guidelines. We included guidelines of sufficient quality in a narrative synthesis.

Results: We identified 12 790 articles, of which 37 guidelines (19 clinical only, 7 service only and 11 combined clinical and service) were included. Guidelines covered a range of countries, rehabilitation types, populations and rehabilitation settings. Synthesis of clinical guidelines (n=4) was structured following the patient pathway, from identification, to assessment, treatment and discharge, with consideration of specific patient groups. Synthesis of service guidelines (n=8) was structured according to the Donabedian framework.

Discussion: Though the available post-COVID-19 syndrome rehabilitation guidelines were generally of poor quality, there was a high degree of consensus regarding the breadth of symptoms, the need for holistic assessment by a broad multidisciplinary team and person-centred care. There was less clarity on management options, measuring outcomes and discharge criteria.

Prospero registration number: CRD42021236049.

Objective: Integrated Care Systems (ICSs) have recently been implemented across England to better meet health and social care needs through partnership working between clinical commissioning groups, local authorities, and health and social care providers. This qualitative study aimed to explore insights into the COVID-19 response at an ICS level and inform recommendations for ICS development.

Methods and analysis: Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 19 senior health and social care professionals who were members of one ICS. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted to develop key themes and recommendations for ICSs.

Results: Working together across health and social care, responding to a prolonged crisis, managing expectations and developing the ICS formed the four master themes. Notable subthemes included changing professional roles and responsibilities, communicating and coordinating COVID-19 guidance, the availability of system resources, the local versus national contexts and a need to combat health inequalities.

Conclusion: The unprecedented crisis of COVID-19 moved health and social care partners to work together like never before, and at a very quick pace. Our findings confirm that intentional collaboration must be maintained in leading and delivering effective ICSs. ICS partners, together with the public, must now agree a shared vision for health and social care as a priority. A long-term focus to improve population health and reduce health inequalities will require a cultural shift and will place a new type of demand on resource allocation and sourcing. It will also demand public health leadership, a fully coordinated infrastructure, and comprehensive, ongoing evaluation. In parallel to this, the well-being of the health and social care workforce will need to be addressed to build upon the lessons of COVID-19.

There is currently no global review of the conceptual literature on the equity of healthcare coverage (including access) for older people. It is important to understand the factors affecting access to health and social care for this group, so that policy and service actions can be taken to reduce potential inequities. A scoping review of published and grey literature was conducted with the aim of summarising how health and social care service access and coverage for older people has been conceptualised. PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS, BIREME and Global Index Medicus were searched. Selection of sources and data charting were conducted independently by two reviewers. The database searches retrieved 10 517 citations; 32 relevant articles were identified for inclusion from a global evidence base. Data were summarised and a meta-framework and model produced listing concepts specific to equitable health and social care service coverage relating to older people. The meta-framework identified the following relevant factors: acceptability, affordability, appropriateness, availability and resources, awareness, capacity for decision-making, need, personal social and cultural circumstances, physical accessibility. This scoping review is relevant to the development and specification of policy for older people. It conceptualises those factors, such as acceptability and affordability, that affect an older person's ability and capacity to access integrated, person-centred health and social care services in a meaningful way. These factors should be taken into account when seeking to determine whether equity in service use or access is being achieved for older people.

Objectives: The iConnect Care programme provided integrated 'virtual care' (VC) for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District. VC is an alternative to outpatient care which expedites time to specialists' opinions and is safe. Comparing different outpatient care models is important to understand the role of telehealth and integrated care, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to compare a VC model with existing CKD outpatient care.

Design participants and setting: A multisite, comparative, retrospective cohort study with parallel groups. 374 patients with mild CKD were recruited (July 2013 and August 2015) from public and private outpatients and followed for 12 months (n=304) or via VC (n=70). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) were compared at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

Results: At 12 months, no significant differences existed among groups in eGFR or ACR or haemoglobin, but serum creatinine was lower in the VC cohort. A significant difference existed in time to see a patient from time of referral; 7 days for VC clinic and 35-42 days for outpatient clinic. Patients interviewed felt VC was efficient and they were well managed.

Conclusion: VC can be a faster mechanism to access a nephrologist and other specialists. It provided similar outcomes to outpatient care. VC represents an additional assessment and follow-up pathway supported in the community. Time to deliver is similar, but specific resources are needed. It has the potential to evolve into a standard component of chronic disease care.

The objective of this systematic literature review is to identify patients', carers' and health professionals' reported perspectives of end-of-life care services for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and explore whether services are person-centred and integrated according to WHO definitions. The systematic review was qualitative with interpretive synthesis. The data sources included MEDLINE, CINAHL, Emcare, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), Joanna Briggs Institute and PsycINFO databases from inception to 23 May 2022 limited to the English language. Qualitative studies were eligible if they reported open-ended patients,' carers' or healthcare professionals' experiences of end-of-life care for severe COPD. Qualitative data were categorised according to healthcare stakeholder groups and conceptualised within a health services network using the Actor-Network Theory. Eighty-seven studies proved eligible. Eleven stakeholder groups constituted the healthcare services network for severe COPD (in order of frequency of interactions with other stakeholders): secondary care, primary care, community services, acute care, palliative care, carer, healthcare environment, patient, government, social supports and research. When evaluating the network for evidence of patient-centred care, patients and carers received input from all stakeholder groups. The relationship between stakeholder groups and patients was largely unidirectional (stakeholders towards patients) with low influence of patients towards all stakeholder groups. There was limited interaction between specific healthcare services, suggesting low network integration. Government services, research and social supports had few connections with other services in the healthcare network. Multiple intersecting health, community and government services acted on patients, rather than providing patient-informed care. Health services provided poorly integrated services for end-of-life care for severe COPD. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020168733.

Objective: The Transitional Care Nursing Service was a 2-year proof-of-concept trial exploring local health system readiness for incorporating integrated, person-centred models of care into existing health service structures within a provincial New Zealand context. Improved patient experience remains a priority in international and local healthcare policy directives. This qualitative study aimed to investigate patient experience by exploring the effectiveness of this integrated care person-centred service from the patients' perspective.

Methods: Qualitative, semistructured, face-to-face interviews with 12 patients purposively sampled to achieve maximum variation of patient characteristics within the trial cohort. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim before analysing the data using thematic analysis supported by a general inductive approach.

Results: Findings demonstrated that patient interactions with the transitional care nurse positively influenced patient experience, self-reported outcomes and quality of life following hospitalisation and during the transition period between hospital and home. Participants perceived the nurse to be highly skilled in displaying kindness, empathy, accessibility and responsiveness, and communication skills with participants and their families. They perceived that their interactions with this individual team member working from an integrated care paradigm had a positive impact on their overall experience of care and recovery.

Conclusion: This study supports the use of integrated care principles to deliver person-centred care. The findings emphasise the need to place kindness, compassion and respect at the heart of care delivered to patients, and suggest these core values are an essential factor in improving patient experience and thus the effectiveness of our healthcare systems.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 24-hour telephone access outpatient clinic (24-hour access clinic) in terms of healthcare utilisation and mortality in patients with five chronic conditions (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation/flutter, congestive heart failure, inflammatory bowel disease and chronic liver disease).

Methods and analysis: This was a registry-based controlled cohort study. The 24-hour access clinic was established at Silkeborg Regional Hospital in Central Denmark Region. The five other regional hospitals served as comparison hospitals. The 24-hour access clinic allowed patients with five chronic conditions with ongoing hospital outpatient follow-up to call the hospital outpatient clinic in case of an exacerbation. Outcomes were use of hospital admissions, length of stay (LOS), outpatient visits, contacts to general practice and all-cause mortality during 18 months of follow-up.

Results: The study included 992 the 24-hour access patients and 3878 usual care patients. For the five conditions combined, the 24 hours access patients had fewer all-cause admissions (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.81, 95% Cl 0.71 to 0.92), general practice out-of-hours contacts (IRR 0.81, 95% C 0.71 to.92) and shorter LOS (IRR 0.71, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.88). The rate of all-cause outpatient visits tended to be higher (IRR 1.07, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.15). General practice daytime contacts were similar between the groups, and there was no significant difference in mortality.

Conclusions: The results suggest that a 24-hour telephone access clinic may lead to enhanced integration of care measured as unplanned acute care substituted with planned outpatient care.