Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000012
Yi-ping Hu, Hong Lu, J Zhang, Lihua Ren, Minghui Yang
Abstract Background: Although several prediction models have been developed to estimate the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) among laboring women, none have been used in clinical practice because of controversial or unavailable predictors included in the prediction models and the format used to present them. Thus, it is essential to develop evidence-based prediction models for OASIS using known antenatal and modifiable intrapartum factors and to present them in user-friendly formats. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop evidence-based prediction models for OASIS and a risk calculator to present prediction models. Methods: Models were developed based on a systematic review and meta-analysis in which risk factors for OASIS were identified, and the pooled odds ratio for each risk factor was calculated. A logistic regression model was used to develop the prediction models, and MATLAB with a graphical user interface was used to develop the risk calculator. Results: Two prediction models for OASIS were established: Model I and Model II. Model I included 7 known antenatal variables: maternal age, parity, prior cesarean delivery, prepregnancy body mass index, gestational age, estimated birth weight, and fetal position. Model II added 5 modifiable intrapartum variables to Model I: epidural analgesia, labor induction, labor augmentation, episiotomy, and operative vaginal birth. The risk calculator developed by writing the parameters in the logistic regression models into MATLAB scripts included 2 interfaces, each consisting of risk factors for OASIS and the possibility of OASIS occurring. Conclusions: This study developed 2 prediction models and a risk calculator for OASIS based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Although the models were more scientific in model development methods and predictors included in the prediction models, they should be externally validated and updated to ensure better performance before they can be widely applied to guide clinical practice.
{"title":"Predicting obstetric anal sphincter injuries among laboring women: 2 prediction models and 1 risk calculator","authors":"Yi-ping Hu, Hong Lu, J Zhang, Lihua Ren, Minghui Yang","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Although several prediction models have been developed to estimate the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) among laboring women, none have been used in clinical practice because of controversial or unavailable predictors included in the prediction models and the format used to present them. Thus, it is essential to develop evidence-based prediction models for OASIS using known antenatal and modifiable intrapartum factors and to present them in user-friendly formats. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop evidence-based prediction models for OASIS and a risk calculator to present prediction models. Methods: Models were developed based on a systematic review and meta-analysis in which risk factors for OASIS were identified, and the pooled odds ratio for each risk factor was calculated. A logistic regression model was used to develop the prediction models, and MATLAB with a graphical user interface was used to develop the risk calculator. Results: Two prediction models for OASIS were established: Model I and Model II. Model I included 7 known antenatal variables: maternal age, parity, prior cesarean delivery, prepregnancy body mass index, gestational age, estimated birth weight, and fetal position. Model II added 5 modifiable intrapartum variables to Model I: epidural analgesia, labor induction, labor augmentation, episiotomy, and operative vaginal birth. The risk calculator developed by writing the parameters in the logistic regression models into MATLAB scripts included 2 interfaces, each consisting of risk factors for OASIS and the possibility of OASIS occurring. Conclusions: This study developed 2 prediction models and a risk calculator for OASIS based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Although the models were more scientific in model development methods and predictors included in the prediction models, they should be externally validated and updated to ensure better performance before they can be widely applied to guide clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"24 1","pages":"13 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76858225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000013
Jie Zheng, Fangxiao Cheng, Yage Du, Ying Song, Zhaoming Cao, Mingzi Li, Yanhui Lu
Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a growing global chronic disease, can increase the risk of cognitive impairment. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has a crucial role in the development of neurological pathologies. Therefore, it is necessary to examine host-gut microbiota metabolites associated with diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) progression. Objective: This study aimed to describe metabolic signatures, identify potential biomarkers in the progression from T2DM to DCI, and analyze the correlation between the potential biomarkers and clinical characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 8 patients with T2DM and 8 with DCI was carried out between May 2018 and May 2020. The characteristic clinical data of the patients, such as demographics, hematological parameters, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, were collected. Metabolomics profiling measured the host-gut microbiota metabolites in the serum. The potential biomarkers were found by getting intersection of the differential host-gut microbiota metabolites from multidimensional statistics (Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis and permutation plot) and univariate statistics (independent-sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test). In addition, we examined the relationship between potential biomarkers and characteristic clinical data using the Spearman correlation coefficient test. Results: A total of 22 potential biomarkers were identified in the T2DM and DCI groups, including 15 upregulated potential biomarkers (such as gluconolactone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and 7 downregulated potential biomarkers (such as benzoic acid, oxoglutaric acid, and rhamnose) in DCI group. Most of the potential biomarkers were associated with clinical characteristics, such as Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and glycated hemoglobin A1c. Conclusion: This study showed that metabolic signatures in the serum were associated with DCI development and clinical severity, providing new ideas for extensive screening and targeted treatment.
{"title":"Metabolic signatures and potential biomarkers in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus with cognitive impairment patients: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Jie Zheng, Fangxiao Cheng, Yage Du, Ying Song, Zhaoming Cao, Mingzi Li, Yanhui Lu","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a growing global chronic disease, can increase the risk of cognitive impairment. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has a crucial role in the development of neurological pathologies. Therefore, it is necessary to examine host-gut microbiota metabolites associated with diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) progression. Objective: This study aimed to describe metabolic signatures, identify potential biomarkers in the progression from T2DM to DCI, and analyze the correlation between the potential biomarkers and clinical characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 8 patients with T2DM and 8 with DCI was carried out between May 2018 and May 2020. The characteristic clinical data of the patients, such as demographics, hematological parameters, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, were collected. Metabolomics profiling measured the host-gut microbiota metabolites in the serum. The potential biomarkers were found by getting intersection of the differential host-gut microbiota metabolites from multidimensional statistics (Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis and permutation plot) and univariate statistics (independent-sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test). In addition, we examined the relationship between potential biomarkers and characteristic clinical data using the Spearman correlation coefficient test. Results: A total of 22 potential biomarkers were identified in the T2DM and DCI groups, including 15 upregulated potential biomarkers (such as gluconolactone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and 7 downregulated potential biomarkers (such as benzoic acid, oxoglutaric acid, and rhamnose) in DCI group. Most of the potential biomarkers were associated with clinical characteristics, such as Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and glycated hemoglobin A1c. Conclusion: This study showed that metabolic signatures in the serum were associated with DCI development and clinical severity, providing new ideas for extensive screening and targeted treatment.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"4 1","pages":"19 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79506689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000018
Weijiao Zhou, J. Larson
Abstract Background: Physical activity (PA) is important for the healthy aging period, and existing research indicates that older adults in residential care facilities (RCFs) are less physically active compared with community-dwelling, but sociodemographic and health-related characteristics were not controlled. Lower PA levels might be due to older age and worse health conditions of the RCFs residents. Objective: This study examined the association between residential status (RCF vs. community-dwelling) and participation in PA, in a sample of 4009 older adults (65 and above) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Methods: The current study used Rounds 8 and 9 of the NHATS which was collected in 2018 and 2019. We conducted design-based logistic regression analyses to determine whether residential care status was significantly associated with participation in walking exercises and vigorous activities, and controlled for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Results: Using multivariable logistic regression models, older adults in RCFs (n=214) were more likely to participate in walking exercises (adjusted odds ratios=1.94, P<0.01) and equally likely to participate in vigorous activities (adjusted odds ratios=1.04, P=0.84) than community-dwelling (n=3795). Conclusions: Our finding adds new evidence to the conventional thinking about the potential effect of RCFs on PA. Further research is needed to address the underlying mechanisms.
摘要背景:体力活动(Physical activity, PA)对于健康的老年期至关重要，现有研究表明，与社区居住相比，居住在养老院(residential care facilities, rcf)的老年人体力活动较少，但社会人口学和健康相关特征未得到控制。较低的PA水平可能是由于rcf居民年龄较大和健康状况较差。目的:本研究在国家健康与老龄化趋势研究(NHATS)的4009名老年人(65岁及以上)的样本中，检查了居住状态(RCF vs.社区居住)与参与PA之间的关系，调整了社会人口统计学和健康相关特征。方法:本研究使用了2018年和2019年收集的NHATS的第8轮和第9轮。我们进行了基于设计的逻辑回归分析，以确定住院护理状态是否与步行锻炼和剧烈活动的参与显著相关，并控制了社会人口统计学和健康相关特征。结果:采用多变量logistic回归模型，rcf中的老年人(n=214)比社区居民(n=3795)更有可能参加步行锻炼(调整优势比=1.94,P<0.01)，同样有可能参加剧烈运动(调整优势比=1.04,P=0.84)。结论:我们的发现为RCFs对PA的潜在影响的传统思维提供了新的证据。需要进一步的研究来解决潜在的机制。
{"title":"Associations of living in residential care facilities with participation in physical activities among older adults in the United States","authors":"Weijiao Zhou, J. Larson","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Physical activity (PA) is important for the healthy aging period, and existing research indicates that older adults in residential care facilities (RCFs) are less physically active compared with community-dwelling, but sociodemographic and health-related characteristics were not controlled. Lower PA levels might be due to older age and worse health conditions of the RCFs residents. Objective: This study examined the association between residential status (RCF vs. community-dwelling) and participation in PA, in a sample of 4009 older adults (65 and above) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Methods: The current study used Rounds 8 and 9 of the NHATS which was collected in 2018 and 2019. We conducted design-based logistic regression analyses to determine whether residential care status was significantly associated with participation in walking exercises and vigorous activities, and controlled for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Results: Using multivariable logistic regression models, older adults in RCFs (n=214) were more likely to participate in walking exercises (adjusted odds ratios=1.94, P<0.01) and equally likely to participate in vigorous activities (adjusted odds ratios=1.04, P=0.84) than community-dwelling (n=3795). Conclusions: Our finding adds new evidence to the conventional thinking about the potential effect of RCFs on PA. Further research is needed to address the underlying mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"30 7","pages":"27 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72597769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000016
Jinghong Lv, Min Qian, Mengying Deng, Mingming Yu
Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence of the association between the sense of coherence (SOC) and health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Six databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, CINAHL Plus with full text (EBSCO), OVID, and the Cochrane Library, were thoroughly searched. The checklist developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of the relevant studies. Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. Generally, higher SOC levels are associated with better physical health (less symptom reporting, better functional status, less disability, better daily activity ability, less pain, better sleep quality, and better oral health) and better psychological health (less perceived stress, more positive self-perception of aging, less depression, and less posttraumatic stress reaction) in older adults. Higher SOC levels are also correlated with greater preventive/self-management behaviors ability, subjective well-being, adjustment to aging later in life, cumulative survival, quality of life, life satisfaction, and self-perceived health. Higher SOC levels are a vital mediators or moderators of health in older adults. Conclusions: The SOC is a protective factor for the health of community-dwelling older adults. Interventions targeting improvement in SOC levels should be developed and implemented to facilitate active aging in older adults.
摘要目的:本研究的目的是系统地回顾社区居住老年人的连贯感(SOC)与健康结果之间的关联证据。方法:对PubMed、Web of Sciences、Scopus、CINAHL Plus全文(EBSCO)、OVID、Cochrane Library等6个数据库进行全面检索。使用由卫生保健研究和质量机构制定的检查表和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表来评估相关研究的质量。结果:本综述纳入了29项研究。一般来说，较高的SOC水平与老年人更好的身体健康(较少的症状报告，更好的功能状态，更少的残疾，更好的日常活动能力，更少的疼痛，更好的睡眠质量和更好的口腔健康)和更好的心理健康(更少的感知压力，更积极的衰老自我感知，更少的抑郁和更少的创伤后应激反应)相关。较高的SOC水平还与较高的预防/自我管理行为能力、主观幸福感、晚年对衰老的适应、累积生存、生活质量、生活满意度和自我感知健康相关。较高的SOC水平是老年人健康的重要中介或调节因子。结论:SOC是社区居住老年人健康的保护因素。针对改善SOC水平的干预措施应该开发和实施，以促进老年人的积极老龄化。
{"title":"The association between sense of coherence and health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review","authors":"Jinghong Lv, Min Qian, Mengying Deng, Mingming Yu","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence of the association between the sense of coherence (SOC) and health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Six databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, CINAHL Plus with full text (EBSCO), OVID, and the Cochrane Library, were thoroughly searched. The checklist developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of the relevant studies. Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. Generally, higher SOC levels are associated with better physical health (less symptom reporting, better functional status, less disability, better daily activity ability, less pain, better sleep quality, and better oral health) and better psychological health (less perceived stress, more positive self-perception of aging, less depression, and less posttraumatic stress reaction) in older adults. Higher SOC levels are also correlated with greater preventive/self-management behaviors ability, subjective well-being, adjustment to aging later in life, cumulative survival, quality of life, life satisfaction, and self-perceived health. Higher SOC levels are a vital mediators or moderators of health in older adults. Conclusions: The SOC is a protective factor for the health of community-dwelling older adults. Interventions targeting improvement in SOC levels should be developed and implemented to facilitate active aging in older adults.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"47 1","pages":"46 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80035859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Given the high incidence of malnutrition before anti-cancer treatment in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), it is necessary to pay attention to nutritional interventions for them before surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Nutritional prehabilitation strategies vary considerably in their implementations. Objective: This scoping review aimed to summarize the nutritional prehabilitation strategies for HNC patients. Methods: We conducted a scoping review based on the framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology (Joanna Briggs Institute, 2020). Twelve articles focused on the effects of preoperative nutritional intervention on the nutritional status of patients with HNC who underwent surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. We synthesized the screening or evaluation tool for the nutrition prerehabilitation intervention strategy, type of nutrition supplement, intervention goal, frequency, duration, re-evaluation, and supervision. Results: Findings suggest that preoperative nutritional intervention can improve recovery from anti-cancer treatment and patient physical reserves for coping with surgical stress. Therefore, patients with HNC who are at risk of malnutrition are recommended for early nutritional interventions.
摘要背景:头颈癌(HNC)患者在抗癌治疗前营养不良的发生率较高，有必要重视其术前、放疗、化疗前的营养干预。营养康复战略在实施上差别很大。目的:本综述旨在总结HNC患者的营养康复策略。方法:我们根据乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, 2020)方法论概述的框架进行了范围审查。12篇文章聚焦于术前营养干预对接受手术、放疗或化疗的HNC患者营养状况的影响。我们综合了营养康复前干预策略、营养补充类型、干预目标、频率、持续时间、重新评估和监督的筛选或评估工具。结果:术前营养干预可提高患者抗癌治疗后的恢复，提高患者应对手术应激的体力储备。因此，建议有营养不良风险的HNC患者进行早期营养干预。
{"title":"Nutritional prehabilitation strategies for patients undergoing head and neck cancer: a scoping review","authors":"Fang-Zhen Xue, Mengli Zhang, Huan Duan, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Given the high incidence of malnutrition before anti-cancer treatment in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), it is necessary to pay attention to nutritional interventions for them before surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Nutritional prehabilitation strategies vary considerably in their implementations. Objective: This scoping review aimed to summarize the nutritional prehabilitation strategies for HNC patients. Methods: We conducted a scoping review based on the framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology (Joanna Briggs Institute, 2020). Twelve articles focused on the effects of preoperative nutritional intervention on the nutritional status of patients with HNC who underwent surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. We synthesized the screening or evaluation tool for the nutrition prerehabilitation intervention strategy, type of nutrition supplement, intervention goal, frequency, duration, re-evaluation, and supervision. Results: Findings suggest that preoperative nutritional intervention can improve recovery from anti-cancer treatment and patient physical reserves for coping with surgical stress. Therefore, patients with HNC who are at risk of malnutrition are recommended for early nutritional interventions.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"75 10 1","pages":"58 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87827878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000014
Xu Zhang, Mo Yi, Y. Sun, Shuyu Han, Wenmin Zhang, Zhiwen Wang
Abstract Background: Tailored knowledge graph-based recommender systems (KGRSs) have been demonstrated to be able to provide accurate and effective health recommendations to users, and thus significantly reduce health care costs. They are now strongly recommended to be applied in the health care field. Objective: This scoping review aims to identify the current application of KGRSs, their target users and performance metrics, and the potential limitations of implementing health recommender systems in clinical practice. Methods: A review of the studies published from inception to November 1, 2022 was conducted, using key search terms in 6 scientific databases to identify health recommender systems based on knowledge graph technology. Key information from the included studies was extracted and charted. The scoping review was reported following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. Result: We included 16 studies and 5 grants totally about the health recommender systems based on knowledge graph technology. They were used in different health areas: traditional Chinese medicine, health management, disease-related decision support, diet, and nutrition recommendations. Among them, 6 studies were for the general public and 6 were for physicians. A total of 13 (81.25%) studies evaluated the KGRS using performance metrics, such as accuracy, recall, F1 score, and area under the curve. All studies pointed out the limitations of the recommender systems and provided directions for their subsequent optimization and improvement. Conclusion: This review describes the state-of-the-art and potential limitations of KGRS used in the health care field. This novel approach has been proven to be effective in overcoming the drawbacks of traditional algorithms, helping users filter massive amounts of data to find out the personalized information they need. Its great potential in digital health needs to be further explored.
{"title":"The application of health recommender systems based on knowledge graph: a scoping review","authors":"Xu Zhang, Mo Yi, Y. Sun, Shuyu Han, Wenmin Zhang, Zhiwen Wang","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Tailored knowledge graph-based recommender systems (KGRSs) have been demonstrated to be able to provide accurate and effective health recommendations to users, and thus significantly reduce health care costs. They are now strongly recommended to be applied in the health care field. Objective: This scoping review aims to identify the current application of KGRSs, their target users and performance metrics, and the potential limitations of implementing health recommender systems in clinical practice. Methods: A review of the studies published from inception to November 1, 2022 was conducted, using key search terms in 6 scientific databases to identify health recommender systems based on knowledge graph technology. Key information from the included studies was extracted and charted. The scoping review was reported following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. Result: We included 16 studies and 5 grants totally about the health recommender systems based on knowledge graph technology. They were used in different health areas: traditional Chinese medicine, health management, disease-related decision support, diet, and nutrition recommendations. Among them, 6 studies were for the general public and 6 were for physicians. A total of 13 (81.25%) studies evaluated the KGRS using performance metrics, such as accuracy, recall, F1 score, and area under the curve. All studies pointed out the limitations of the recommender systems and provided directions for their subsequent optimization and improvement. Conclusion: This review describes the state-of-the-art and potential limitations of KGRS used in the health care field. This novel approach has been proven to be effective in overcoming the drawbacks of traditional algorithms, helping users filter massive amounts of data to find out the personalized information they need. Its great potential in digital health needs to be further explored.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"30 1","pages":"37 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74240981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000011
Amberly Lao, Tessa Li, Sarah Battaglia, J. Berry, Valarie Artigas, X. Cong
Abstract Objective: This study was designed to give mothers with opioid use disorder (OUD) and their families a “voice” in sharing their experiences surrounding the relationship with health care staff in the care of their newborn with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and aimed to identify their perceptions of the care received during their newborn’s hospitalization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was administered through Qualtrics online survey software. The survey questions with quantitative and qualitative components were developed and validated by the researchers to explore perceptions and experiences regarding the care the mother and the infant received, and their feelings about whether they were adequately educated and prepared to care for themselves and infant with NAS. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit mothers (18 years old and above) who gave birth to infants with NAS as well as their family members from the Department of Behavioral and Community Health in the Northeastern United States. Descriptive analysis methods were used to describe the quantitative survey data and thematic content analysis approach was used to explore the qualitative narrative data. Results: Twenty mothers were eligible for the study and a total of 10 mothers and 3 grandmothers participated in the final study. Primary outcomes for quantitative results from mothers were frustration based on how they were treated, the belief that the newborn required the neonatal intensive care unit, and the conclusion that they were treated inferiorly compared with mothers without OUD. Four major themes identified by the mothers were: judgment by the health care providers, trying to be a good mother, education needs of mothers to receive more information about NAS, and not understood by the health care providers and the need for training specified to caring for OUD during pregnancy and NAS. Results of the grandmothers’ study demonstrated a deficiency in personal knowledge about caring for an infant with NAS, and a belief that the mother was treated poorly due to her history. Conclusions: Women with OUD are blamed and stigmatized for their decisions and experience a lack of knowledge in caring for their infants. While further research is warranted in exploring these topics, the disparities between this population and health care providers may increase health risks for both the mother and newborn.
{"title":"Invisible voices: experiences and perceptions of mothers and grandmothers caring for newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome","authors":"Amberly Lao, Tessa Li, Sarah Battaglia, J. Berry, Valarie Artigas, X. Cong","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: This study was designed to give mothers with opioid use disorder (OUD) and their families a “voice” in sharing their experiences surrounding the relationship with health care staff in the care of their newborn with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and aimed to identify their perceptions of the care received during their newborn’s hospitalization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was administered through Qualtrics online survey software. The survey questions with quantitative and qualitative components were developed and validated by the researchers to explore perceptions and experiences regarding the care the mother and the infant received, and their feelings about whether they were adequately educated and prepared to care for themselves and infant with NAS. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit mothers (18 years old and above) who gave birth to infants with NAS as well as their family members from the Department of Behavioral and Community Health in the Northeastern United States. Descriptive analysis methods were used to describe the quantitative survey data and thematic content analysis approach was used to explore the qualitative narrative data. Results: Twenty mothers were eligible for the study and a total of 10 mothers and 3 grandmothers participated in the final study. Primary outcomes for quantitative results from mothers were frustration based on how they were treated, the belief that the newborn required the neonatal intensive care unit, and the conclusion that they were treated inferiorly compared with mothers without OUD. Four major themes identified by the mothers were: judgment by the health care providers, trying to be a good mother, education needs of mothers to receive more information about NAS, and not understood by the health care providers and the need for training specified to caring for OUD during pregnancy and NAS. Results of the grandmothers’ study demonstrated a deficiency in personal knowledge about caring for an infant with NAS, and a belief that the mother was treated poorly due to her history. Conclusions: Women with OUD are blamed and stigmatized for their decisions and experience a lack of knowledge in caring for their infants. While further research is warranted in exploring these topics, the disparities between this population and health care providers may increase health risks for both the mother and newborn.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"1 1","pages":"4 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74591959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000002
H. Su, Yu-Ming Chen, Huiwen Xu, Kaipeng Wang, Yan Luo, Beibei Xu
Abstract Objectives: This paper aimed to assess temporal trends and risk factors of multimorbidity among older Chinese adults from 2000 to 2018. Methods: A total of 51,326 participants aged 65–105 from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2000–2018 were included. Multimorbidity was defined as the co-occurrence of 2 or more (up to 14) chronic conditions in a single person. The adjusted proportion of the number of chronic conditions by follow-up year was examined and described. The generalized estimating equation model including the natural cubic spline was used to predict the prevalence of multimorbidity. Associated factors were identified using generalized estimating equation models from 2000 to 2018. All analyses were conducted separately in 2 age groups: the young-old group (aged 65–79) and the older-old group (aged 80–105). Results: The adjusted multimorbidity prevalence for the young-old group increased from 23.9% in 2002 to 72.5% in 2014 and remained high at 46.3% in 2018; the adjusted prevalence for the older-old group increased from 63.4% in 2000 to 87.2% in 2011 and remained at 73.0% in 2018. Being female, having fewer educational years, a professional or technical occupation, and a history of smoking or drinking were associated with an increased risk for multimorbidity in young-old group; while in older-old group, being female, current smoker or drinker, and less engagement in social and leisure activity were associated with an increased risk for multimorbidity. Conclusion: The prevalence of multimorbidity first increases and then decreases for both age groups. Management of multimorbidity requires more attention from health policymakers, service providers, and educators of health professionals in China. Health systems should prioritize improving the management of older patients, especially women who have lower education levels.
{"title":"Trends of multimorbidity status among the older Chinese population: findings from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey 2000 to 2018","authors":"H. Su, Yu-Ming Chen, Huiwen Xu, Kaipeng Wang, Yan Luo, Beibei Xu","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: This paper aimed to assess temporal trends and risk factors of multimorbidity among older Chinese adults from 2000 to 2018. Methods: A total of 51,326 participants aged 65–105 from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2000–2018 were included. Multimorbidity was defined as the co-occurrence of 2 or more (up to 14) chronic conditions in a single person. The adjusted proportion of the number of chronic conditions by follow-up year was examined and described. The generalized estimating equation model including the natural cubic spline was used to predict the prevalence of multimorbidity. Associated factors were identified using generalized estimating equation models from 2000 to 2018. All analyses were conducted separately in 2 age groups: the young-old group (aged 65–79) and the older-old group (aged 80–105). Results: The adjusted multimorbidity prevalence for the young-old group increased from 23.9% in 2002 to 72.5% in 2014 and remained high at 46.3% in 2018; the adjusted prevalence for the older-old group increased from 63.4% in 2000 to 87.2% in 2011 and remained at 73.0% in 2018. Being female, having fewer educational years, a professional or technical occupation, and a history of smoking or drinking were associated with an increased risk for multimorbidity in young-old group; while in older-old group, being female, current smoker or drinker, and less engagement in social and leisure activity were associated with an increased risk for multimorbidity. Conclusion: The prevalence of multimorbidity first increases and then decreases for both age groups. Management of multimorbidity requires more attention from health policymakers, service providers, and educators of health professionals in China. Health systems should prioritize improving the management of older patients, especially women who have lower education levels.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"72 9","pages":"51 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72563114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000010
Luoya Hou, Xu Dong, Ke Li, Congying Yang, Yang Yu, Xiaoyan Jin, Shaomei Shang
Abstract Objectives: The training rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among the general population in China is relatively low. Augmented reality (AR) may be an effective method of CPR training, especially where in-person interactions may not be possible. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of AR CPR self-training for people who are not professional health care workers. Methods: A 2-arm and prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were recruited via advertisements from August to October 2021 in Beijing and were randomly assigned to either an AR self-training CPR group (n=82) or an instructor-led training group (n=81). Participants in the AR group spent 25 minutes in a simulated environment using HoloLens to engage them in immersive multisensory CPR self-training. Participants in the instructor-led group received 25 minutes of CPR instruction with the guidance of a certified instructor. The outcomes, including the mean chest compression depth (centimeter) and rate (/min), the proportion of correct positioning of hands, correct rescue breaths, compression accuracy, and the proportion of participants that adhered to the American Heart Association’s CPR guidelines, were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The median age of the participants was 23 years old (interquartile range: 22–25) and the median weight was 55 kg (interquartile range: 51–63). The mean difference (95% CI) in the compression rate between the 2 groups [mean (SD): AR 109.03 (2.68)/min vs. instructor-led 110.88 (3.03)/min] was −1.85 (−2.74 to −0.96)/min. The mean difference (95% CI) in the depth of compressions between the groups [mean (SD): AR 5.59 (0.59) cm vs. instructor-led 5.55 (0.47) cm] was 0.04 (−0.13 to 0.20) cm. The AR self-training was noninferior to the instructor-led CPR training, as measured by the rate and depth of compressions (P<0.001). The proportion of participants that adhered to the AHA guideline for compression depth (AR: 65.85% vs. instructor: 72.84%, χ2=0.935, P=0.334) was similar in the 2 groups. The proportion of correct rescue breaths [AR: 64 (78.05%) vs. instructor: 74 (91.36%), P<0.001] were significantly higher in the instructor-led group. Heterogeneity of the effect of AR self-training on the chest-compression rate were found in subgroups of sex (P=0.03 for the interaction) and weight (P=0.03 for the interaction). Discussion: The AR self-training and instructor-led training are comparable in terms of both groups’ compression rate and depth. This study may have important implications to improve the CPR training rates in China.
摘要目的:中国普通人群心肺复苏(CPR)培训率较低。增强现实(AR)可能是一种有效的CPR培训方法，特别是在无法进行面对面互动的情况下。本研究的目的是分析非专业医护人员进行心肺复苏术自我训练的有效性。方法:采用两组前瞻性随机对照试验。参与者于2021年8月至10月在北京通过广告招募，并随机分配到AR自我训练CPR组(n=82)或教练指导的训练组(n=81)。AR组的参与者在模拟环境中花了25分钟，使用HoloLens进行沉浸式多感官心肺复苏自我训练。教练指导组的参与者在持证教练的指导下接受了25分钟的心肺复苏术指导。比较两组的结果，包括平均胸按压深度(厘米)和频率(/分钟)、手部正确定位的比例、正确的人工呼吸、按压准确性以及遵守美国心脏协会CPR指南的参与者比例。结果:受试者年龄中位数为23岁(四分位数范围为22-25)，体重中位数为55 kg(四分位数范围为51-63)。两组间压缩率的平均差异(95% CI) [mean (SD): AR 109.03 (2.68)/min vs.教师引导的110.88 (3.03)/min]为- 1.85(- 2.74至- 0.96)/min。两组间按压深度的平均差异(95% CI) [mean (SD): AR 5.59 (0.59) cm vs.教师引导的5.55 (0.47)cm]为0.04(- 0.13至0.20)cm。通过按压频率和按压深度来衡量，AR自我训练不逊于指导员指导的CPR训练(P<0.001)。两组中遵守AHA压缩深度指南的参与者比例(AR: 65.85% vs.指导员:72.84%，χ2=0.935, P=0.334)相似。指导员组正确抢救呼吸比例[AR: 64(78.05%)比指导员组74 (91.36%)，P<0.001]显著高于指导员组。在性别(相互作用P=0.03)和体重(相互作用P=0.03)亚组中，AR自我训练对胸压率的影响存在异质性。讨论:在两组的压缩率和深度方面，AR自主训练和讲师指导训练具有可比性。本研究对提高中国心肺复苏术培训率具有重要意义。
{"title":"Effectiveness of a novel augmented reality cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-training environment for laypeople in China: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Luoya Hou, Xu Dong, Ke Li, Congying Yang, Yang Yu, Xiaoyan Jin, Shaomei Shang","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: The training rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among the general population in China is relatively low. Augmented reality (AR) may be an effective method of CPR training, especially where in-person interactions may not be possible. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of AR CPR self-training for people who are not professional health care workers. Methods: A 2-arm and prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were recruited via advertisements from August to October 2021 in Beijing and were randomly assigned to either an AR self-training CPR group (n=82) or an instructor-led training group (n=81). Participants in the AR group spent 25 minutes in a simulated environment using HoloLens to engage them in immersive multisensory CPR self-training. Participants in the instructor-led group received 25 minutes of CPR instruction with the guidance of a certified instructor. The outcomes, including the mean chest compression depth (centimeter) and rate (/min), the proportion of correct positioning of hands, correct rescue breaths, compression accuracy, and the proportion of participants that adhered to the American Heart Association’s CPR guidelines, were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The median age of the participants was 23 years old (interquartile range: 22–25) and the median weight was 55 kg (interquartile range: 51–63). The mean difference (95% CI) in the compression rate between the 2 groups [mean (SD): AR 109.03 (2.68)/min vs. instructor-led 110.88 (3.03)/min] was −1.85 (−2.74 to −0.96)/min. The mean difference (95% CI) in the depth of compressions between the groups [mean (SD): AR 5.59 (0.59) cm vs. instructor-led 5.55 (0.47) cm] was 0.04 (−0.13 to 0.20) cm. The AR self-training was noninferior to the instructor-led CPR training, as measured by the rate and depth of compressions (P<0.001). The proportion of participants that adhered to the AHA guideline for compression depth (AR: 65.85% vs. instructor: 72.84%, χ2=0.935, P=0.334) was similar in the 2 groups. The proportion of correct rescue breaths [AR: 64 (78.05%) vs. instructor: 74 (91.36%), P<0.001] were significantly higher in the instructor-led group. Heterogeneity of the effect of AR self-training on the chest-compression rate were found in subgroups of sex (P=0.03 for the interaction) and weight (P=0.03 for the interaction). Discussion: The AR self-training and instructor-led training are comparable in terms of both groups’ compression rate and depth. This study may have important implications to improve the CPR training rates in China.","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"1 1","pages":"43 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90852420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1097/NR9.0000000000000006
Wanli Xu, Yiming Zhang, Wenxiao Zhao, Jie Chen, Kendra Maas, Naveed Hussain, Wendy A Henderson, Xiaomei Cong
Background: Preterm infants are at risk for severe infections due to their immature immune systems. Factors such as early life pain/stress experiences and feeding may influence immune activation and maturation of immune systems. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is a noninvasive surrogate biomarker of mucosal inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and has been used in detecting intestinal inflammation in specific pediatric gastrointestinal disorders.
Objective: To describe the longitudinal trajectory of FCP levels in preterm infants and investigate the contributing factors that are associated with FCP levels.
Design: A longitudinal study design was used.
Settings: Preterm infants were recruited from 2 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of a children's medical center in the North-eastern US.
Methods: Preterm infants were followed during their first 4 weeks of NICU hospitalization. Stool samples were collected twice per week to quantify the FCP levels. Cumulative pain/stress experiences and feeding types were measured daily. A linear mixed-effect model was used to examine the associations between FCP levels and demographic and clinical characteristics, cumulative pain/stress, and feeding over time.
Results: Forty-nine preterm infants were included in the study. Infants' FCP levels varied largely with a mean of 268.7±261.3 µg/g and increased over time. Preterm infants experienced an average of 7.5±5.0 acute painful procedures and 15.3±20.8 hours of chronic painful procedures per day during their NICU stay. The mean percentage of mother's own milk increased from the first week (57.1±36.5%) to the fourth week (60.7±38.9%) after birth. Elevated FCP concentration was associated with acute and cumulative (chronic) pain/stress levels, mother's own milk, non-White race, and higher severity of illness score.
Conclusions: FCP levels were elevated in preterm infants with wide interindividual and intraindividual variations. Cumulative pain/stress during the NICU hospitalization, feeding, race, and health status may influence FCP concentrations in early life that may be associated with inflammatory gut processes.
{"title":"Trends of fecal calprotectin levels and associations with early life experience in preterm infants.","authors":"Wanli Xu, Yiming Zhang, Wenxiao Zhao, Jie Chen, Kendra Maas, Naveed Hussain, Wendy A Henderson, Xiaomei Cong","doi":"10.1097/NR9.0000000000000006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NR9.0000000000000006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm infants are at risk for severe infections due to their immature immune systems. Factors such as early life pain/stress experiences and feeding may influence immune activation and maturation of immune systems. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is a noninvasive surrogate biomarker of mucosal inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and has been used in detecting intestinal inflammation in specific pediatric gastrointestinal disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the longitudinal trajectory of FCP levels in preterm infants and investigate the contributing factors that are associated with FCP levels.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A longitudinal study design was used.</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>Preterm infants were recruited from 2 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of a children's medical center in the North-eastern US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preterm infants were followed during their first 4 weeks of NICU hospitalization. Stool samples were collected twice per week to quantify the FCP levels. Cumulative pain/stress experiences and feeding types were measured daily. A linear mixed-effect model was used to examine the associations between FCP levels and demographic and clinical characteristics, cumulative pain/stress, and feeding over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine preterm infants were included in the study. Infants' FCP levels varied largely with a mean of 268.7±261.3 µg/g and increased over time. Preterm infants experienced an average of 7.5±5.0 acute painful procedures and 15.3±20.8 hours of chronic painful procedures per day during their NICU stay. The mean percentage of mother's own milk increased from the first week (57.1±36.5%) to the fourth week (60.7±38.9%) after birth. Elevated FCP concentration was associated with acute and cumulative (chronic) pain/stress levels, mother's own milk, non-White race, and higher severity of illness score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FCP levels were elevated in preterm infants with wide interindividual and intraindividual variations. Cumulative pain/stress during the NICU hospitalization, feeding, race, and health status may influence FCP concentrations in early life that may be associated with inflammatory gut processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73407,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary nursing research","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/0f/nr9-1-36.PMC9766919.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10459362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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