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Ramadan and Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh 孟加拉国的斋月和2型糖尿病
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.3968/6621
S. Hossain, K. Ahmed, F. Saleh, L. Ali
Ramadan is the Holy month of the Muslims when they are required to fast from dawn to sunset. The present study was aimed at exploring the effects of fasting in the Ramadan on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), creatinine, and acute complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh. This prospective study was carried out among 92 types 2 diabetes patients (age 47±9 years, mean±SD), selected randomly from a tertiary-care hospital of the Diabetic Association of Bangladesh (BADAS). Significant changes were observed in the pulse rate (p=.001) and BMI (p=.001) in type 2 diabetes during Ramadan. Fasting blood glucose (p=.001), fructosamine (p=.001), TC (p=.003), HDL-C (p=.004), TG (p=.04), and creatinine (p=.01) were significantly higher in all the patients during fasting. Fasting during Ramadan is associated with a deterioration of metabolic control in diabetic patients. However, fasting did not cause any irreversible damage to renal function; so, fasting is safe for type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh during Ramadan.
斋月是穆斯林的神圣月份,他们被要求从黎明到日落禁食。本研究旨在探讨斋月禁食对孟加拉国2型糖尿病患者体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、总胆固醇、甘油三酯(TG)、肌酐和急性并发症的影响。本前瞻性研究从孟加拉国糖尿病协会(BADAS)三级医院随机抽取92例2型糖尿病患者(年龄47±9岁,mean±SD)。在斋月期间,2型糖尿病患者的脉搏率(p=.001)和BMI (p=.001)发生了显著变化。空腹血糖(p=.001)、果糖胺(p=.001)、TC (p=.003)、HDL-C (p=.004)、TG (p=.04)、肌酐(p=.01)均显著升高。在斋月期间禁食与糖尿病患者代谢控制的恶化有关。然而,禁食不会对肾功能造成任何不可逆的损害;因此,在孟加拉国,斋月期间禁食对2型糖尿病是安全的。
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引用次数: 1
A Mini Review on Controlling the Size of Ag Nanoclusters by Changing the Stabilizer to Ag Ratio and by Changing DNA Sequence 通过改变稳定剂与银的比例和改变DNA序列来控制银纳米团簇大小的综述
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.3968/7242
Hua Deng, Hongtao Yu
Ag nanoclusters have received considerable attention in the past decade due to their distinguished photo-physical properties, which lead to very wide potential applications for biosensing and imaging. To this point, synthesis of well-defined Ag nanoclusters for practical applications is a key issue, in particular, controlling the size (or specific number of silver atoms) of Ag nanoclusters. Herein, we briefly discuss the effect of ratio of reactants, in terms of specific functional groups, on the size of Ag nanoclusters. Also, taking DNA as an example of biopolymer, we review how the DNA sequence can affect the specific number of Ag atoms in Ag nanoclusters. These conducted principles should provide significant guidance for preparation of Ag nanoclusters of precise size.
银纳米团簇由于其独特的光物理性质,在生物传感和成像方面具有非常广泛的应用前景,在过去的十年中受到了广泛的关注。在这一点上,为实际应用而合成定义明确的银纳米团簇是一个关键问题,特别是控制银纳米团簇的大小(或特定数量的银原子)。在这里,我们简要地讨论了反应物的比例,在特定的官能团方面,对银纳米团簇的大小的影响。并以生物聚合物DNA为例,综述了DNA序列如何影响银纳米簇中银原子的具体数目。这些传导原理将为精确尺寸的银纳米团簇的制备提供重要的指导。
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引用次数: 11
Pin on Disc Wear volume Prediction Based on Grey System Theory 基于灰色系统理论的销盘磨损量预测
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.3968/7083
Z. Xingyu, Xiaoyi Jin, Tian Peipei, Zhou Zhengzhu, Yuyi Lin
This paper is a study of pin on disc wear volume, with the MMW-1A vertical friction and wear testing machine as the testing equipment, under different lubrication conditions. In this paper, the pin wear volume GM(1,1) prediction model is built based on the grey system theory, GM(1,1) the model consists of a single variable in the first-order differential equation. The pin wear volume measured compare with GM(1,1) predicted wear volume, The comparison results showed that, the predicted values by the GM(1,1) are very close to the experiment measured values, and the precision of predicted results is quite high.
本文以MMW-1A立式摩擦磨损试验机为测试设备,在不同润滑条件下对销盘磨损量进行了研究。本文基于灰色系统理论建立了销磨损量GM(1,1)预测模型,GM(1,1)模型由一阶微分方程中的单变量组成。将测得的销磨损量与GM(1,1)预测的销磨损量进行比较,结果表明,GM(1,1)的预测值与实验实测值非常接近,预测结果的精度很高。
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引用次数: 0
Construction of a Cylindrical Cam Model With Clearance for Wear Study 带间隙圆柱凸轮模型的构建及其磨损研究
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.3968/6966
Zhou Zhengzhu, Xiaoyi Jin, Z. Xingyu, Yuyi Lin
Using Solidworks and MATLAB as solid modeling and computation tool, a cylindrical cam model with clearance is developed in this paper. The purpose of such a model is for future study of wear, such as wear pattern and wear rate. The model is based on the reported Achard wear model. It is hoped that the model not only can predict the wear rate and depth of wear, but also serve as a tool to cylindrical cam design, for less wear and longer useful life. Wear depth prediction model established in this paper shows that the wear depth will increase, if the cam rotational speed increases.
本文利用Solidworks和MATLAB作为实体建模和计算工具,建立了带间隙的圆柱凸轮模型。该模型的目的是为了将来研究磨损,如磨损模式和磨损率。该模型基于已报道的Achard磨损模型。希望该模型不仅可以预测磨损速率和磨损深度,而且可以作为圆柱凸轮设计的工具,实现更小的磨损和更长的使用寿命。本文建立的磨损深度预测模型表明,随着凸轮转速的增加,磨损深度会增大。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation on Fitting Method of Snail Structural Lines 螺结构线拟合方法研究
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6128
Wenxian Tang, Wen-le Wu, Ze Gao, Jintai Li, Shu-yan Wang
For the current status of the spudcan design and combining the characteristics of bionics, on the basis of shells on the solid model, the paper study the spiral geometry characteristics and distribution. Regarding the shape of the surface characteristics of the spiral portion and snail shells spiral suture lines, a feature reverse scan statistics can be made. Snail shells overall shape evaluation can be established and micro-element methods are used to deduce the 2D mathematical expression so as to provide a good reference for the design of jack-up platform spudcan.
针对弹丸设计的现状,结合仿生学的特点,在弹丸实体模型的基础上,研究了弹丸的螺旋几何特征及其分布。针对螺旋部分和螺壳螺旋缝合线的形状表面特征,可以进行特征反扫描统计。建立螺壳整体形状评价,并采用微单元法推导出螺壳整体形状的二维数学表达式,为自升式平台螺杆的设计提供良好的参考。
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引用次数: 2
The Optimal Design of a Drum Friction Plate Using AnsysWorkbench 基于AnsysWorkbench的滚筒摩擦片优化设计
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6438
Xiaoyi Jin, X. Zhang, Zhou Zhengzhu, Z. Yuan, Yuyi Lin
In this paper Solid Works is used to establish the geometric model of drum brake. The solid model is imported into AnsysWorkbench, and analyzed for the friction plate stress distribution under different conditions. The results show that when the friction plate material is less metal, the thickness is between 3 mm and 5 mm, the starting angle is between 25 degrees and 27 degrees, the concentration degree of contact stress reduces and the volatility is relatively stable.  This can provide good braking performance and increase the service life.  The optimization parameters can provide data support for the development of new drum brake.
本文采用solidworks软件建立鼓式制动器的几何模型。将实体模型导入AnsysWorkbench,分析不同工况下摩擦板的应力分布。结果表明:当摩擦片材料金属较少、厚度在3 ~ 5 mm之间、起始角在25 ~ 27度之间时,接触应力集中程度减小,波动相对稳定;这样可以提供良好的制动性能,增加使用寿命。优化后的参数可为新型鼓式制动器的研制提供数据支持。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Tailoring Technology of Array CCD Aerial Camera Linux System 阵列CCD航空相机Linux系统裁剪技术研究
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6226
Weiguo Cao, Haini Yang, Y. Duan, Pei-pei Wen, Yuegang Fu
In view of the actual demand of operating system of the air plane array CCD camera, and combining with the hardware resources of the PC104 bus structure, Linux system adopted in CCD camera is cut practically, which based on the tailoring method adopting the combination of coarse-grained and fine-grained to enhance the Linux kernel preemption, improve the scheduling strategy of Linux kernel scheduler, to build a embedded system with the strong implementation capacity. The system startup and task of the response performance test in different environment shows that the cut systems is stable, reliable, and can achieve the startup time less than 5s, the performance of the task response time less than 20 millisecond.
针对飞机阵列CCD摄像机操作系统的实际需求,结合PC104总线结构的硬件资源,对CCD摄像机所采用的Linux系统进行了实际的裁剪,采用粗粒度与细粒度相结合的裁剪方法,增强Linux内核的抢占能力,改进Linux内核调度器的调度策略,构建具有较强实现能力的嵌入式系统。对系统启动和任务响应性能在不同环境下的测试表明,cut系统稳定、可靠,并能实现启动时间小于5s,任务响应时间小于20毫秒的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Phialophora Melinii (NFCCI 3617): A Newly Isolated Psychrotolerant Fungus That Produces Enhanced Laccase Under the Influence of Organic Solvents Melinii (NFCCI 3617):一种在有机溶剂影响下产生增强漆酶的新分离的耐寒真菌
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6477
Kusum Dhakar, P. Anita
A psychrotolerant fungus, isolated from decomposing pine needle debris, is investigated for laccase production under the influence of 5 organic solvents. The fungus was identified as Phialophora melinii and was able to grow between 4 to 35 °C (opt. 25 °C) and 2-14 pH (opt. 5-7). In quantitative estimations that were carried out at optimum growth temperature and pH, the fungal laccase was estimated to be 21.0 ± 4.0 U/L. Native PAGE study revealed 35 kDa molecular mass of the fungal laccase. Supplementation of organic solvents namely, methanol, ethanol, acetone, n-propanol and iso-propanol in varying concentrations (0.5%-2.0%, separately), significantly affected the production of fungal laccase. Out of 5 solvents used, n-propanol was found to be the most efficient enhancer of laccase production. n-Propanol (0.5%) resulted in maximum enhancement (7 folds) in laccase production at 18th day of incubation. Methanol, iso-propanol and ethanol were able to enhance laccase production up to 5-6 folds in comparison to control with respect to the varying concentration and incubation length. Age of the fungal culture (incubation days) was observed as an important factor for laccase production. Use of low molecular compounds in enhancing the fungal laccase production may be considered as an eco-friendly approach.
从松针碎片分解中分离出一种耐寒真菌,在5种有机溶剂的影响下研究了漆酶的生产。该真菌鉴定为melinii Phialophora,可在4 ~ 35°C(可选25°C)和2 ~ 14 pH(可选5 ~ 7)条件下生长。在最适生长温度和pH下进行定量估计,真菌漆酶估计为21.0±4.0 U/L。原生PAGE研究显示真菌漆酶分子量为35 kDa。添加不同浓度的甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、正丙醇和异丙醇(分别为0.5%-2.0%)有机溶剂对真菌漆酶的产量有显著影响。在使用的5种溶剂中,正丙醇被发现是最有效的漆酶生成增强剂。正丙醇(0.5%)在培养第18天使漆酶产量最大,提高了7倍。与对照相比,甲醇、异丙醇和乙醇在不同浓度和孵育时间下可使漆酶产量提高5-6倍。真菌培养年龄(培养天数)是漆酶产生的重要因素。利用低分子化合物来提高真菌漆酶的产量可以被认为是一种环保的方法。
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引用次数: 2
Environmental Impacts of Ship Breaking and Recycling Industry of Sitakunda, Chittagong, Bangladesh 孟加拉吉大港Sitakunda拆船及回收业对环境的影响
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6492
A. Fakhruddin, M. Talukdar, M. Hossain
Ship dismantling of Bangladesh is a reason of concern due to its economic values and environmental hazards. This study focuses on the Ship Breaking and Recycling Industry (SBRI) of Bangladesh to assess the environmental impacts. It was done by analyzing the water quality parameters like, Turbidity, Salinity, Electric conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Temperature, Ammonia-Nitrogen, Nitrate–Nitrogen, Phosphate concentrations of inside and surroundings of Ship Breaking Yard. Turbidity ranged from 7.71 to 119 FTU in and 4.07 to 41.74 FTU in inside and outside the ship breaking yard, respectively. Salinity ranged from 0.95 to 14.28 ppt and 0.06 to 0.79 ppt in insde and outside, respectively. Value of EC varied from1.75 to 1280 µs/cm in inside and 0.21 to 15.7 µs/cm in outside, DO ranged from 3.77 to 7.94 mg/l in inside and 1.95 to 5.34 mg/l in outside. TDS value ranged from1280 to 15340 mg/l in inside and 74 to 825 mg/l in outside of ship breaking yard. Ammonia-N value ranged from 0.46 to 7.046 mg/l, Nitrate-N value ranged from 0.10 to 6.9 mg/l and Phosphate value ranged from 0.175 to 4.75 mg/l in the analyzed water sample. Magnitude of environmental alteration by establishment of ship breaking industry was assessed by quantifying Environmental impact value of Study area and the value was found as -93, where ecological parameters value was found -72, Physico-chemical parameters value was -70 and human interest value was found +49 which indicate negative alteration on environment.
由于其经济价值和环境危害,孟加拉国的船舶拆解是一个令人担忧的原因。本研究以孟加拉拆船回收业(SBRI)为研究对象,评估其对环境的影响。通过对拆船厂内部及周围环境的浊度、盐度、电导率、溶解氧、pH、总溶解固形物、温度、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、磷酸盐浓度等水质参数进行分析。拆船厂内外浊度分别为7.71 ~ 119 FTU和4.07 ~ 41.74 FTU。内部和外部盐度分别为0.95 ~ 14.28 ppt和0.06 ~ 0.79 ppt。室内EC值为1.75 ~ 1280µs/cm,室外为0.21 ~ 15.7µs/cm,室外DO值为3.77 ~ 7.94 mg/l,室外为1.95 ~ 5.34 mg/l。拆船厂内TDS值为1280 ~ 15340 mg/l,外TDS值为74 ~ 825 mg/l。氨氮值为0.46 ~ 7.046 mg/l,硝态氮值为0.10 ~ 6.9 mg/l,磷酸盐值为0.175 ~ 4.75 mg/l。通过量化研究区拆船业的环境影响值,评价了研究区拆船业对环境的影响程度,结果表明该影响值为-93,其中生态参数值为-72,理化参数值为-70,人文利益值为+49,表明拆船业对环境的影响为负。
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引用次数: 8
Weight Determination of Static and Dynamic Influencing Factors of the Change of Waterflooding Oil Well Based on Grey Relational Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process 基于灰色关联分析和层次分析法的水驱油井变化静、动态影响因素权重确定
Pub Date : 2015-03-26 DOI: 10.3968/6706
Hua Wen, Yikun Liu, Naidong Sun, Jiyuan Lu, Junfeng Wu
LaSaXing oilfield has entered into the extra high water cut development stage, when analysising dynamic the static factors, production factors and dynamic factors that influence oil well change are more,  only depended on the qualitative analysis, it is difficult to accurately judge the cause of oil well change, can not meet the urgent need of oilfield development. This paper selects the static and dynamic factors affect the oil well change, the weight of static and dynamic influencing factors of the change of waterflooding wells are determined using the grey correlation analysis and the analytic hierarchy process based on exponential scale. The practices show that the weight of static and dynamic factors of the oil well change that determined using this method is scientific and reasonable, accord with the actual of oilfield, and provide reliable basis for intelligent analysis of dynamic change of oil well.
拉萨兴油田已进入特高含水开发阶段,在进行动态分析时影响油井变化的静态因素、生产因素和动态因素较多,仅依靠定性分析,难以准确判断油井变化的原因,不能满足油田开发的迫切需要。选取影响油井变化的静态和动态因素,采用灰色关联分析和基于指数尺度的层次分析法确定了影响水驱井变化的静态和动态因素的权重。实践表明,用该方法确定的油井动态变化因素权重科学合理,符合油田实际,为油井动态变化的智能分析提供了可靠依据。
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引用次数: 1
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Advances in Natural Science
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