JCPP advances最新文献_第5页

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12263

Karima Susi, Anne Stewart, Rebecca Knowles Bevis, Keith Hawton

Background

Growing evidence suggests that self-harm-related mental imagery is involved in the transition from self-harm ideation to enactment. However, there has been little research on this important phenomenon in adolescent populations.

Methods

Using an online questionnaire, the frequency, content and impact of self-harm-related mental imagery was investigated in a transdiagnostic clinical population of young people with recent self-harm. Mood ratings were used to assess the impact of completing the questionnaire.

Results

Fifty-five young people aged 14–24 years old completed the study. Participants were mostly female (85.5%) and White (87.3%). All but one participant (98.2%) reported images related to self-harm, with 53 (96.4%) reporting future-oriented self-harm images, 53 (96.4%) reporting past-oriented images, and 52 (94.5%) reporting both. Imagery included imagining self-harm and particularly dangerous acts (including suicide), specific methods, and the consequences of self-harm for self and others. Past self-harm-related mental imagery was sometimes used to develop future-oriented self-harm-related imagery planning, highlighting the influence of previous exposure to self-harm. Most participants (N = 45; 88.2%) stated that significant self-harm-related mental imagery increased the likelihood they would self-harm. Stimulation of mental imagery was most frequently reported to be related to dreams about self-harm (N = 33; 60.0%), and exposure to self-harm-related content on social media (N = 32; 58.2%) and in fictional TV programmes (N = 30; 54.6%). There was no significant difference in participants' pre- and post-questionnaire mood ratings.

Conclusions

Self-harm-related mental imagery is commonly experienced by young people who self-harm and may play a role in ideation-to-enactment of self-harm. Asking about self-harm-related mental imagery can be done safely and could be considered for inclusion in routine clinical assessments. Self-harm exposure and the origins of self-harm-related imagery, such as the links with past self-harm and social media, as well as potential imagery-based interventions for self-harm, require further evaluation. A working model of self-harm-related mental imagery is presented.

越来越多的证据表明，与自残相关的心理意象参与了从自残概念到自残行为的转变。然而，关于青少年群体中这一重要现象的研究很少。方法采用在线问卷调查的方法，对新近发生自残行为的青少年进行自我伤害相关心理意象的频率、内容和影响进行调查。情绪评级被用来评估完成问卷的影响。结果55名年龄在14-24岁的年轻人完成了研究。参与者主要是女性（85.5%）和白人（87.3%）。除一名参与者外，其余参与者（98.2%）都报告了与自残有关的图像，其中53人（96.4%）报告了面向未来的自残图像，53人（96.4%）报告了面向过去的图像，52人（94.5%）两者都报告了。意象包括想象自残和特别危险的行为（包括自杀），具体的方法，以及自残对自己和他人的后果。过去自我伤害相关的心理意象有时被用于发展面向未来的自我伤害相关意象规划，突出了过去自我伤害暴露的影响。大多数参与者（N = 45; 88.2%）表示，显著的自我伤害相关的心理意象增加了他们自我伤害的可能性。心理意象的刺激最常与自我伤害的梦（N = 33, 60.0%）、社交媒体上与自我伤害相关的内容（N = 32, 58.2%）和虚构的电视节目（N = 30, 54.6%）有关。参与者在问卷前和问卷后的情绪评分没有显著差异。结论自残相关心理意象在青少年自残行为中普遍存在，并可能在自残的概念-实施过程中发挥作用。询问与自我伤害相关的心理意象是安全的，可以考虑纳入常规临床评估。自我伤害暴露和自我伤害相关图像的来源，例如与过去的自我伤害和社交媒体的联系，以及潜在的基于图像的自我伤害干预措施，需要进一步评估。提出了一个自我伤害相关心理意象的工作模型。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of fetal and infant growth patterns with behavior and cognitive outcomes in early adolescence 胎儿和婴儿生长模式与青春期早期行为和认知结果的关系

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12278

Romy Gonçalves, Romy Gaillard, Kelly K. Ferguson, Sara Sammallahti, Manon H. Hillegers, Eric A. P. Steegers, Hanan El Marroun, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe

Background

Fetal life and infancy might be critical periods for brain development leading to increased risks of neurocognitive disorders and psychopathology later in life. We examined the associations of fetal and infant weight growth patterns and birth characteristics with behavior and cognitive outcomes at the age of 13 years.

Methods

Population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until adolescence. Pregnant women with a delivery date between April 2002 and January 2006 were eligible. Follow-up measurements were available for 4716 children. Fetal weight was estimated in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy by ultrasonography. Infant weight was measured at birth and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Fetal and infant weight acceleration or deceleration were defined as a change in SD greater than 0.67 between time points. Total, internalizing and externalizing problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were measured using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6–18), autistic traits by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and intelligence quotient (IQ) by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth Edition (WISC-V).

Results

One week longer gestational age at birth was associated with a −0.03 SDS (95% Confidence Interval (CI): −0.04, −0.01) lower total behavior problems score, a −0.02 SDS (95% CI: −0.04, −0.01) lower ADHD symptoms score. Also an increase in birth weight of 500 g was associated with a lower odds of having high externalizing problems (OR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.98) and of having a low IQ score (OR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.88). Compared to children with normal fetal and infant growth, those with accelerated fetal and infant growth had a 0.27 SDS higher IQ (95% Confidence Interval 0.11, 0.44).

Conclusions

Both fetal and infant weight development are associated with behavioral and cognitive outcomes in early adolescence. Follow-up studies are needed to assess whether these associations link to later life mental health outcomes.

胎儿期和婴儿期可能是大脑发育的关键时期，导致以后生活中神经认知障碍和精神病理的风险增加。我们研究了13岁时胎儿和婴儿体重增长模式和出生特征与行为和认知结果的关系。方法基于人群的前瞻性队列研究，从胎儿期到青春期。2002年4月至2006年1月期间分娩的孕妇符合条件。对4716名儿童进行了随访测量。在妊娠中期和晚期通过超声检查估计胎儿体重。测量婴儿出生时、6个月、12个月和24个月的体重。胎儿和婴儿体重加速或减速定义为时间点之间SD变化大于0.67。采用儿童行为检查表（CBCL/ 6-18）、社会反应量表（SRS）和韦氏第五版儿童智力量表（WISC-V）分别对总体、内化和外化问题及注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状进行测量。结果：出生时胎龄延长一周，总行为问题评分降低- 0.03 SDS(95%可信区间（CI）： - 0.04, - 0.01)， ADHD症状评分降低- 0.02 SDS （95% CI: - 0.04, - 0.01）。此外，出生体重增加500克与高外化问题(OR 0.92 （95% CI: 0.86, 0.98）和低智商得分(OR 0.79 （95% CI: 0.71, 0.88）的几率较低有关。与正常胎儿和婴儿生长的儿童相比，胎儿和婴儿生长加速的儿童智商高0.27 SDS（95%可信区间0.11,0.44）。结论胎儿和婴儿体重发育与青春期早期的行为和认知结局有关。需要后续研究来评估这些关联是否与以后的生活心理健康结果有关。

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引用次数: 0

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in siblings of children with Tourette syndrome in the EMTICS study EMTICS研究中图雷特综合征患儿兄弟姐妹的神经精神症状

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12277

Olga Sidiropoulou, Jennifer Glaus, Julie Hagstrøm, Setareh Ranjbar, Renata Rizzo, EMTICS collaborative group, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Andrea Dietrich, Kerstin J. Plessen

Background

Tourette syndrome (TS) is associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Even though comorbidities are the main source of impairment in individuals with TS, family aggregation between TS and other neuropsychiatric disorders has been little explored. We therefore investigated associations of tic severity in probands with symptoms of ASD, ADHD, and ODD in their siblings and the influence of tic severity, age, and sex.

Methods

The sample of the present study stems from the European Multicenter Tics in Children Study (EMTICS), a longitudinal observational study, with the present subsample of 196 probands with TS and their 220 full siblings (54.1% girls). We analyzed associations of probands’ tic severity with ASD, ADHD, and ODD symptoms in their siblings using generalized linear mixed-effect negative binomial regression models.

Results

Higher tic severity in probands was associated with higher scores of ASD symptoms in their siblings (IRR = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03–2.12, p = 0.034); after excluding the three items in the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire linked to stereotypies (that may be misinterpreted as tic-like behaviors; IRR = 1.44 [95% CI] 0.99–2.09, p = 0.057) the effect size remained similar, yet reaching only near-significance. Moreover, we demonstrated a significant interaction between probands’ tic severity and sex upon siblings’ symptoms of ADHD and ODD. Female siblings of probands with higher tic severity displayed more symptoms of ADHD and ODD, whereas this effect was absent in male siblings.

Conclusions

This multicenter study demonstrated a link between probands’ current tic severity and siblings’ neuropsychiatric symptoms. Our study suggests a familial link between TS and ASD-like symptoms, competencies as well as sex-specific associations with ADHD and ODD symptoms in female siblings. The current study sheds light on a broader family tendency and highlights the need for targeted prevention in this vulnerable population. Our findings, however, call for further studies to better understand the genetic and environmental aggregation of influences between individuals with TS, ADHD, and ODD and their siblings.

图雷特综合征（TS）与神经精神合并症有关，如自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）和对立违抗性障碍（ODD）。尽管合并症是TS患者损伤的主要来源，但TS与其他神经精神疾病之间的家族聚集性研究很少。因此，我们调查了先证者的抽动严重程度与其兄弟姐妹的ASD、ADHD和ODD症状的关系，以及抽动严重程度、年龄和性别的影响。方法本研究的样本来源于欧洲多中心儿童抽搐研究（EMTICS），这是一项纵向观察研究，目前的子样本为196名TS先证者及其220名全兄妹（54.1%为女孩）。我们使用广义线性混合效应负二项回归模型分析先证的抽动严重程度与其兄弟姐妹的ASD、ADHD和ODD症状的关联。结果先证者抽动严重程度越高，其兄弟姐妹的ASD症状评分越高（IRR = 1.48, 95%可信区间[95% CI] 1.03-2.12, p = 0.034）；在排除自闭症谱系筛查问卷中与刻板印象（可能被误解为类抽动行为；IRR = 1.44 [95% CI] 0.99-2.09, p = 0.057）相关的三个项目后，效应量仍然相似，但仅接近显著性。此外，我们证明先证者的抽搐严重程度和性别对兄弟姐妹的ADHD和ODD症状有显著的相互作用。抽动严重程度较高的先证女性兄弟姐妹表现出更多的ADHD和ODD症状，而这种影响在男性兄弟姐妹中不存在。结论：这项多中心研究表明先证者当前抽动严重程度与兄弟姐妹的神经精神症状之间存在联系。我们的研究表明，在女性兄弟姐妹中，TS和asd样症状、能力以及与ADHD和ODD症状的性别特异性关联之间存在家族联系。目前的研究揭示了更广泛的家庭倾向，并强调了在这一弱势群体中进行有针对性预防的必要性。然而，我们的发现需要进一步的研究，以更好地了解TS、ADHD和ODD个体及其兄弟姐妹之间的遗传和环境影响。

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引用次数: 0

Lack of effect of a parent-delivered early language intervention: Evidence from a randomised controlled trial completed during COVID-19 父母提供的早期语言干预缺乏效果：来自COVID-19期间完成的随机对照试验的证据

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12279

Kelly Burgoyne, Stephanie Hargreaves, Nasima Akhter, Helen Cramman, Paivi Eerola, Jochen Einbeck, Vic Menzies

Background

Parents play a key role in their child's early development but evidence that parental engagement strategies are effective is unclear. The current study evaluated a parent-delivered early language teaching programme that aimed to support children's early language and literacy skills.

Methods

A multisite, pupil-level randomised controlled trial was conducted with 450 3–4-year-old children and their families, recruited from 47 nurseries across Greater Manchester and Lancashire (UK). Families were randomly allocated to either the programme group (N = 225) who delivered an early language teaching programme for 20-min a day, 5 days a week, for 30-weeks or to a control group (N = 225) who received a box of children's books at the end of nursery. A language latent variable formed the primary outcome, which was used to assess whether the programme improved children's language and literacy skills.

Results

COVID-19 disrupted the trial, including delivery of the intervention and post-test data collection. Data from assessments completed 10-months after intervention showed no evidence that the children receiving language intervention had greater language skills than the control group. Similarly, no group differences were found on measures of the Home Learning Environment or school readiness.

Conclusions

Whilst disruptions caused by COVID-19 are likely to have impacted on the findings, this study nonetheless adds to the literature which suggests that parent-delivered interventions alone may not necessarily lead to changes in home learning or to gains in children's language skills.

背景父母在孩子的早期发展中起着关键作用，但父母参与策略有效的证据尚不清楚。目前的研究评估了一个家长提供的早期语言教学计划，旨在支持儿童早期的语言和读写技能。方法对来自英国大曼彻斯特和兰开夏郡47所幼儿园的450名3 - 4岁儿童及其家庭进行多地点、学生水平随机对照试验。家庭被随机分配到计划组（N = 225），他们每天提供20分钟的早期语言教学计划，每周5天，持续30周，或者对照组（N = 225），他们在幼儿园结束时收到一盒儿童书籍。语言潜在变量构成了主要结果，用于评估该计划是否提高了儿童的语言和识字技能。COVID-19扰乱了试验，包括干预措施的提供和测试后数据的收集。干预10个月后完成的评估数据显示，没有证据表明接受语言干预的孩子比对照组的孩子有更高的语言技能。同样，在家庭学习环境或入学准备方面也没有发现组间差异。虽然COVID-19造成的干扰可能对研究结果产生了影响，但这项研究补充了文献，表明仅靠父母提供的干预措施可能不一定会导致家庭学习的变化或儿童语言技能的提高。

{"title":"Lack of effect of a parent-delivered early language intervention: Evidence from a randomised controlled trial completed during COVID-19","authors":"Kelly Burgoyne, Stephanie Hargreaves, Nasima Akhter, Helen Cramman, Paivi Eerola, Jochen Einbeck, Vic Menzies","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents play a key role in their child's early development but evidence that parental engagement strategies are effective is unclear. The current study evaluated a parent-delivered early language teaching programme that aimed to support children's early language and literacy skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multisite, pupil-level randomised controlled trial was conducted with 450 3–4-year-old children and their families, recruited from 47 nurseries across Greater Manchester and Lancashire (UK). Families were randomly allocated to either the programme group (<i>N</i> = 225) who delivered an early language teaching programme for 20-min a day, 5 days a week, for 30-weeks or to a control group (<i>N</i> = 225) who received a box of children's books at the end of nursery. A language latent variable formed the primary outcome, which was used to assess whether the programme improved children's language and literacy skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 disrupted the trial, including delivery of the intervention and post-test data collection. Data from assessments completed 10-months after intervention showed no evidence that the children receiving language intervention had greater language skills than the control group. Similarly, no group differences were found on measures of the Home Learning Environment or school readiness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whilst disruptions caused by COVID-19 are likely to have impacted on the findings, this study nonetheless adds to the literature which suggests that parent-delivered interventions alone may not necessarily lead to changes in home learning or to gains in children's language skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attachment representations in pre-adolescents at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls—Characteristics of attachment from middle childhood to pre-adolescence, and its relation to parental functioning and child mental disorder 家族性精神分裂症或双相情感障碍高危人群的依恋表征及基于人群的对照——童年中期至青春期前依恋特征及其与父母功能和儿童精神障碍的关系

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12274

Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Maja Gregersen, Lotte Veddum, Carsten Hjorthøj, Åsa Kremer Prøsch, Jessica Ohland, Julie Marie Brandt, Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Anna Krogh Andreasen, Nicoline Hemager, Aja Greve, Ole Mors, Merete Nordentoft, Elia Psouni, Anne A. E. Thorup

Background

Development of secure attachment is crucial to establish and maintain healthy relationships with others throughout life. For parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, challenged parental functioning may compromise the sensitive caregiving needed to establish secure child attachment. We aimed to examine pre-adolescent attachment, predictors related to caregiving, and middle childhood attachment predictors of pre-adolescent mental disorders.

Methods

In a population-based nationwide cohort of 522 children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls, The Secure Base Script Test was used to assess attachment security at age 11 (N = 409). Parental caregiving and functioning were assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale and MC-HOME (age 7) and child mental disorder with K-SADS-PL (age 7 and 11). Story Stem Assessment Profile was used for age 7 attachment.

Results

We found no differences between risk and control groups in prevalence of pre-adolescent secure attachment. Parental level of functioning and attachment security at age 7 significantly predicted more rich secure base content at age 11. Level of age 7 disorganization significantly predicted presence of mental disorder at age 11.

Conclusions

Overall, attachment of children at familial risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder did not differ from that of controls. Instead, parental functioning in middle childhood predicts pre-adolescent attachment, and may therefore serve as a focus for supporting healthy attachment development. Middle childhood disorganization might serve as a predictor of pre-adolescent mental disorder if other studies confirm our findings, and awareness hereof may be relevant for guiding intervention to support mental development.

安全依恋的发展对于一生中与他人建立和维持健康的关系至关重要。对于患有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍的父母来说，受到挑战的父母功能可能会损害建立安全儿童依恋所需的敏感照顾。我们的目的是检查青春期前的依恋，与照顾相关的预测因子，以及青春期前精神障碍的中期童年依恋预测因子。方法在以人群为基础的全国队列中，522名父母患有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍的儿童和以人群为基础的对照组，使用安全基础脚本测试来评估11岁时的依恋安全性（N = 409）。采用个人与社会表现量表和MC-HOME量表（7岁）和儿童精神障碍k - ssad - pl量表（7岁和11岁）对父母的照顾和功能进行评估。故事干评估档案用于7岁依恋。结果青少年前安全依恋的发生率在风险组和对照组之间无显著差异。7岁时父母的功能和依恋安全水平显著预测了11岁时更丰富的安全基础内容。7岁时的紊乱水平显著预测11岁时精神障碍的存在。结论：总体而言，具有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍家族风险的儿童的依恋与对照组没有差异。相反，童年中期的父母功能预测了青春期前的依恋，因此可能作为支持健康依恋发展的焦点。如果其他研究证实了我们的发现，那么中期童年紊乱可能作为青春期前精神障碍的预测因子，并且对这一点的认识可能与指导干预支持心理发展有关。

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引用次数: 0

Social anxiety and paranoid beliefs in adolescents 青少年的社交焦虑和偏执信念

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12280

J. L. Kingston, B. Schlier, E. Leigh, D. Widyasari, R. P. Bentall

Background

Paranoid beliefs are common in the general adolescent population. The paranoia hierarchy suggests common social evaluative concerns may develop into persecutory thoughts via ideas of reference, a milder intermediary facet of paranoia. Socially anxious concerns and paranoid beliefs co-occur in adolescent and adult groups, but the specifics of their association is not well understood. In a general population adolescent sample, we examined (a) whether social anxiety and paranoia can be differentiated, (b) patterns of co-occurrence and (c) psychosocial factors that differentiate social anxiety alone versus in combination with paranoia.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey design, recruiting UK adolescents (n = 604, 14–17 years), via Qualtrics. Participants were quota sampled for equal distribution on age and gender.

Results

Measurement models supported a hierarchical structure, with separate but correlated general factors of paranoia and social anxiety. This model was invariant across age groups 14–15 and 16–17 years. The largest subgroup of participants with clinically significant symptoms showed elevated social anxiety plus paranoia (21%, n = 124), followed by high social anxiety without paranoia (14%, n = 84). Paranoia without social anxiety occurred the least (7% n = 39). Subgroup comparisons suggested social anxiety plus paranoia was characterised by exposure to threating experiences (discrimination, bullying, adverse life events in the last 12-month), anxious attachment and high levels of distress, whereas social anxiety was more associated with feeling inferior to others, enhanced loneliness, avoidant attachment and a low sense of belonging.

Conclusions

Social anxiety and paranoia are differentiable in adolescents. Paranoia commonly co-occurs with social anxiety, especially in those with exposure to threat environments in the last 12-month. Adolescents with social anxiety plus paranoia reported the highest levels of distress, underscoring the importance of improved understanding of this group.

偏执信念在普通青少年人群中很常见。偏执狂等级表明，普通的社会评价关注可能通过参照观念发展成迫害思想，这是偏执狂的一个较温和的中介方面。社交焦虑担忧和偏执信念在青少年和成人群体中共同出现，但它们之间联系的具体情况尚不清楚。在一个普通的青少年人群样本中，我们检查了(a)社交焦虑和偏执是否可以区分，(b)共同发生的模式，(c)区分单独社交焦虑与偏执结合的社会心理因素。方法采用在线横断面调查设计，通过qualics招募英国青少年（n = 604, 14-17岁）。参与者按年龄和性别均等抽样。结果测量模型支持层次结构，偏执狂和社交焦虑的一般因素独立但相关。该模型在14-15岁和16-17岁年龄组中是不变的。最大的亚组有临床显著症状的参与者表现为社交焦虑加偏执升高（21%,n = 124），其次是高度社交焦虑无偏执（14%,n = 84）。无社交焦虑的偏执狂发生率最低（7% n = 39）。亚组比较表明，社交焦虑加偏执的特征是暴露于威胁经历（歧视、欺凌、过去12个月的不良生活事件）、焦虑依恋和高度痛苦，而社交焦虑更多地与自卑、孤独感增强、回避依恋和归属感低有关。结论社交焦虑与偏执在青少年中是可区分的。偏执狂通常与社交焦虑同时发生，尤其是在过去12个月内暴露于威胁环境的人。据报道，患有社交焦虑和偏执的青少年的痛苦程度最高，这强调了提高对这一群体的理解的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A longitudinal study of psychological distress during and after COVID-19 restrictions in caregivers of children with intellectual disability in the UK 英国智障儿童照顾者在COVID-19限制期间和之后的心理困扰的纵向研究

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12261

Karri Gillespie-Smith, Karen Goodall, Doug McConachie, Jo Van Herwegen, Hayley Crawford, Carrie Ballantyne, Caroline Richards, Thomas Gallagher-Mitchell, Joanna Moss, Grace Khawam, Laura Outhwaite, Emily Marriott, Freyja Steindorsdottir, Hope Christie

Introduction

The current study explored longitudinally whether child behaviours that challenge and caregiver coping strategies was associated with psychological distress in caregivers of children with and without intellectual disability during and after lockdown.

Method

An online survey was completed by caregivers who had children with and without intellectual disability during Time Period 1 (T1; August-December 2021, n = 171) and then again during Time Period 2 (T2; January–March 2022, n = 109).

Results

Child behaviours that challenge and caregiver psychological distress reduced in T2 compared to T1. Child behaviours that challenge, emotion focussed coping and avoidant coping was associated distress at both time points in caregivers of children with and without intellectual disabilities.

Conclusions

The study shows that both child behaviours that challenge and caregiver psychological distress reduced as lockdown ended. However, caregiver coping strategies may have contributed to psychological distress, which has potential implications for interventions and support for caregivers.

目前的研究从纵向上探讨了儿童行为的挑战和照顾者的应对策略是否与有智力残疾儿童和无智力残疾儿童的照顾者在封锁期间和之后的心理困扰有关。方法对有智力障碍儿童和无智力障碍儿童的护理人员在第一时间段（T1, 2021年8月- 12月，n = 171）和第二时间段（T2, 2022年1月- 3月，n = 109）分别进行在线调查。结果T2期儿童挑战行为和照顾者心理困扰较T1期有所减少。在有智力障碍和没有智力障碍儿童的照料者的两个时间点上，挑战、情绪集中应对和回避应对的儿童行为与痛苦相关。研究表明，随着封锁的结束，儿童的挑战行为和照顾者的心理困扰都减少了。然而，照顾者的应对策略可能导致心理困扰，这对照顾者的干预和支持有潜在的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Interventions for pre-school children in foster care: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of child-related outcomes 学龄前儿童寄养的干预措施：儿童相关结果的随机对照试验的系统回顾

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12273

Natalie Kirby, Camilla Biggs, Megan Garside, Gloria Cheung, Philip Wilson, Matt Forde, Manuela Deidda, Dennis Ougrin, Fiona Turner, Karen Crawford, Helen Minnis

<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Children in foster care are at high risk of future mental health and developmental difficulties. A number of interventions may be helpful; however, the effectiveness of interventions specifically for pre-school children in foster care is not well established. This is an important omission, since infancy and early childhood may be the optimal period for interventions to prevent future problems. The current systematic review set out to establish the existing evidence base for interventions to improve social-emotional, developmental and relational outcomes for pre-school children in foster and kinship care.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Searches of online databases were undertaken in June 2023 with keyword search terms related to the study population and design. Studies utilising a randomised control design to measure the effectiveness of interventions for foster children aged 0–7 years were included. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB-2) tool and effects evaluated using narrative synthesis and GRADE assessments of included interventions and outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Searches identified 6815 results. Twenty studies, describing seven interventions, met inclusion criteria. Fifteen studies reported intervention benefits comparative to control in at least one outcome domain, with particularly good evidence for Attachment and Behaviour Catch-Up (ABC) in improving developmental outcomes. There was also evidence for Multi-Treatment Foster Care for Pre-Schoolers (MTFC-P), Kids In Transition To School (KITS), Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and HeadStart in improving behavioural outcomes. The findings for relational outcomes, including attachment, were mixed; however, there was some evidence for MTFC-P and ABC in reducing avoidant attachment.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>This systematic review contributes to our current understanding of how we might best support pre-school children in foster care. It remains unclear whether the effectiveness of particular interventions may be moderated by participant or intervention characteristics. Further research is needed to understand which interventions work best for whom in this group. Despite some variability in methodological quality and heterogeneity across studies, our findings suggest that certain interventions are likely to be helpful for young children in foster care. Dissemination and ongoing evaluation of the evidence-based interventions

寄养儿童未来出现心理健康和发展困难的风险很高。一些干预措施可能会有所帮助；然而，专门针对寄养学前儿童的干预措施的有效性尚未得到很好的确立。这是一个重要的遗漏，因为婴儿期和幼儿期可能是进行干预以预防未来问题的最佳时期。目前的系统评价旨在建立现有的证据基础，以干预措施改善寄养和亲属照料中的学龄前儿童的社会情感、发展和关系结果。方法于2023年6月对在线数据库进行检索，检索关键词与研究人群和设计相关。研究采用随机对照设计来衡量0-7岁寄养儿童干预措施的有效性。使用Cochrane偏倚风险（rob2）工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量，使用叙事综合和GRADE评估纳入的干预措施和结果评估效果。结果搜索确定了6815个结果。20项研究，描述了7项干预措施，符合纳入标准。15项研究报告了干预至少在一个结果领域比控制有好处，特别好的证据表明依恋和行为追赶（ABC）在改善发育结果方面。还有证据表明，学龄前儿童多治疗寄养（MTFC-P）、过渡到学校的儿童（KITS）、亲子互动疗法（PCIT）和HeadStart在改善行为结果方面也有作用。包括依恋在内的人际关系结果的研究结果好坏参半；然而，有证据表明MTFC-P和ABC在减少回避型依恋方面有一定的作用。这一系统综述有助于我们目前对如何最好地支持寄养中的学龄前儿童的理解。目前尚不清楚特定干预措施的有效性是否会受到参与者或干预措施特征的影响。需要进一步的研究来了解哪些干预措施对这一群体中的谁最有效。尽管研究的方法质量和异质性存在一些差异，但我们的研究结果表明，某些干预措施可能对寄养中的幼儿有帮助。本综述中强调的循证干预措施的传播和持续评估应在临床实践中实施。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing a prediction model for depression risk using an early adolescent sample with self-reported depression 使用自我报告抑郁的早期青少年样本评估抑郁风险的预测模型

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12276

Eileen Y. Xu, Niamh MacSweeney, Gladi Thng, Miruna C. Barbu, Xueyi Shen, Alex S. F. Kwong, Liana Romaniuk, Andrew McIntosh, Stephen M. Lawrie, Heather C. Whalley

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence is a risk factor for poor physical and psychiatric outcomes in adulthood, with earlier age of onset associated with poorer outcomes. Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS) is a model for predicting MDD in youth aged >15 years, but replication in younger samples (<15 years) is lacking. Here, we tested IDEA-RS in a younger sample (9–11 years) to assess whether IDEA-RS could be applied to earlier onset depression.

Methods

We applied IDEA-RS predictor weights to 9854 adolescents (9–11 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, United States. We derived incident depression outcomes from self-reported data at 2-year follow-up (11–13 years): incident MDD and increase in depression symptoms (DS). Sensitivity analyses were conducted using parent-reported data. We assessed accuracy and calibration in predicting self-reported incident depression and compared this to a refitted model with predictor weights derived in ABCD. Lastly, we tested associations between IDEA-RS predictors and self-reported incident depression.

Results

External replication yielded better-than-chance discriminative capacity for self-reported incident depression (MDD: AUC = 61.4%, 95% CI = 53.5%–69.4%; DS: AUC = 57.9%, 95% CI = 54.6%–61.3%) but showed poor calibration with overly extreme risk estimates. Re-estimating predictor weights improved discriminative capacity (MDD: AUC = 75.9%, 95% CI = 70.3%–81.4%; DS: AUC = 64.8%, 95% CI = 61.9%–67.7%) and calibration. IDEA-RS predictors ‘poorest level of relationship with the primary caregiver’ (OR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.73–10.41) and ‘high/highest levels of family conflict’ (OR = 3.36 [95% CI = 1.34–8.43] and OR = 3.76 [95% CI = 1.50–9.38], respectively) showed greatest associations with self-reported incident MDD.

Conclusions

While IDEA-RS yields better-than-chance predictions on external replication, accuracy is improved when differences between samples, such as case-control mix, are adjusted for. IDEA-RS may be more suited to research settings with sufficient data for refitting. Altogether, we find that IDEA-RS can be generalisable to early adolescents after refitting and that family dysfunction may be especially impactful for this period of development.

背景青春期的重度抑郁症（MDD）是成年期不良身体和精神预后的一个危险因素，发病年龄越早，预后越差。识别青少年早期抑郁风险评分（IDEA-RS）是一个预测15岁青少年重度抑郁症的模型，但在更年轻的样本（15岁）中缺乏复制。在这里，我们在一个更年轻的样本（9-11岁）中测试了IDEA-RS，以评估IDEA-RS是否可以应用于早发性抑郁症。方法应用IDEA-RS预测因子权重对9854名来自美国青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究的9-11岁青少年进行分析。我们从2年随访（11-13年）的自我报告数据中得出了事件抑郁结局：事件重度抑郁症和抑郁症状（DS）的增加。使用家长报告的数据进行敏感性分析。我们评估了预测自我报告的抑郁事件的准确性和校准，并将其与ABCD中导出的预测因子权重的修正模型进行了比较。最后，我们测试了IDEA-RS预测因子与自我报告的事件抑郁症之间的关联。结果外部复制对自述事件抑郁症的判别能力优于随机(MDD: AUC = 61.4%, 95% CI = 53.5% ~ 69.4%；DS: AUC = 57.9%, 95% CI = 54.6%-61.3%)，但显示校准不良，风险估计过于极端。重新估计预测因子权重可提高判别能力(MDD: AUC = 75.9%, 95% CI = 70.3% ~ 81.4%；DS: AUC = 64.8%, 95% CI = 61.9% -67.7%)和校准。IDEA-RS预测因子“与主要照顾者关系最差水平”（OR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.73-10.41）和“家庭冲突高/最高水平”（OR = 3.36 [95% CI = 1.34-8.43]和OR = 3.76 [95% CI = 1.50-9.38]）与自述的重度抑郁症事件关联最大。虽然IDEA-RS对外部复制的预测优于随机预测，但在调整了样本之间的差异（如病例-对照混合）后，准确性得到了提高。IDEA-RS可能更适合有足够数据进行改装的研究环境。总之，我们发现IDEA-RS可以推广到早期青少年改装后，家庭功能障碍可能特别影响这一发展时期。

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引用次数: 0

Implementing open science and reproducible research practices in mental health research through registered reports 通过注册报告在心理健康研究中实施开放科学和可复制研究实践

IF 3.1

JCPP advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12275

Jessie R. Baldwin, Henrik Larsson

To increase the number of pre-registered observational studies, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) Advances is delighted to now invite Registered Reports. Registered Reports are a format of article in which the study protocol is pre-registered and peer-reviewed before the research is conducted. If the protocol is of high quality and the proposed research topic is important, JCPP Advances will commit to publishing the study regardless of the results. This article format crucially addresses publication bias, as decisions on publication are entirely independent of the results.

为了增加预注册观察性研究的数量，《儿童心理与精神病学杂志》（JCPP）前进版现诚邀注册报告。注册报告是一种文章格式，其中的研究方案在研究开展之前已经过预先注册和同行评审。如果研究方案质量较高，且提议的研究课题非常重要，则无论研究结果如何，《JCPP Advances》都将承诺发表该研究。这种文章形式可以从根本上解决发表偏差问题，因为发表决定完全独立于研究结果。

引用次数: 0