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Examining Differences in Noncognitive Skills for State-Level Career Development and Leadership Development Event Participants 考察州一级职业发展和领导力发展活动参与者非认知技能的差异
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.02251
Kasee L. Smith, B. Thapa
Educators are increasingly pressured to include experiences for students which will help develop noncognitive skills. Noncognitive skills lie outside of the physiological ability to process information and encompass adjacent concepts including soft-skills, 21st century skills, or employability skills. Grit, optimism, and self-efficacy are three noncognitive skills which overlap substantially with the three-component model for agricultural education. In agricultural education, Career and Leadership Development Events (CDE/LDE) allow students to work persistently toward a task and develop expectations for ability to perform and outcomes of the competitive event along with other actions researchers have concluded can help build noncognitive skills in adolescents. This study was designed to describe the grit, optimism, and self-efficacy of CDE & LDE competitors in Idaho and determine if differences exist between students who performed at the gold-rank level, and those who did not receive a gold ranking in their respective events. This study was a census of all students (N = 413) who competed at a CDE or LDE at the 2018 Idaho Leadership Development Conference. Results of independent samples t-tests revealed differences between both grit and self-efficacy scores of participants based on ranking and differences in self-efficacy based on event type. The conclusions drawn from this study allow us to recommend areas for continued examination related to noncognitive skills in agricultural education, and practical solutions for agricultural educators to enhance noncognitive skills in their classrooms.
教育工作者面临越来越大的压力,要求他们为学生提供有助于培养非认知技能的经历。非认知技能位于处理信息的生理能力之外,包含了软技能、21世纪技能或就业技能等相关概念。毅力、乐观和自我效能是三种非认知技能,它们与农业教育的三要素模型有很大的重叠。在农业教育中,职业和领导力发展活动(CDE/LDE)允许学生坚持不懈地完成一项任务,并发展对竞争活动的执行能力和结果的期望,以及研究人员认为可以帮助青少年建立非认知技能的其他行动。本研究旨在描述爱达荷州CDE和LDE选手的毅力、乐观和自我效能感,并确定在各自项目中获得金牌等级的学生和未获得金牌等级的学生之间是否存在差异。本研究是对2018年爱达荷州领导力发展会议上参加CDE或LDE比赛的所有学生(N = 413)进行的人口普查。独立样本t检验结果显示,参与者的意志力和自我效能得分存在基于排名的差异,自我效能得分存在基于事件类型的差异。从这项研究中得出的结论使我们能够推荐与农业教育中非认知技能相关的持续考试领域,以及农业教育者在课堂上提高非认知技能的实际解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Induction Programs for Beginning Agriculture Teachers: Research-Based Recommendations on Program Structure and Content 农业初级教师入门课程:基于研究的课程结构与内容建议
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01132
Brandie Disberger, Shannon G. Washburn, G. Hock, J. Ulmer
The shortage of teachers, specifically agriculture teachers, has been established and literature shows us why some teachers choose to leave. The question remains, how can we provide induction programs to agriculture teachers that support their unique needs and ultimately retain beginning agriculture teachers in the profession long term? This longitudinal qualitative case study began with eight traditionally certified beginning agriculture teachers and concluded with six completing the three-year study. The collective case study gathered data from site visits, monthly interviews, and annual focus groups. Recommendations were made for components that should exist in an induction program for beginning agriculture teachers. The content beginning teachers may need, how to structure a program, and items mentors and facilitators need to be aware of when providing a comprehensive program are provided. Recommended components include developing a supportive community among the teachers, providing “as needed” resources, multiple mentors, feedback on teaching, and structured reflection.
教师,特别是农业教师的短缺已经确立,文献告诉我们为什么一些教师选择离开。问题仍然存在,我们如何为农业教师提供入门课程,以满足他们的独特需求,并最终长期留住初级农业教师?这项纵向定性案例研究从8名传统认证的初级农业教师开始,最后有6名完成了为期三年的研究。集体案例研究收集了来自实地考察、月度访谈和年度焦点小组的数据。对初学农业教师的入职培训应包含的内容提出了建议。初学教师可能需要的内容,如何组织课程,以及导师和辅导员在提供综合课程时需要注意的事项。建议的组成部分包括在教师中建立一个支持性社区,提供“所需”资源,多名导师,教学反馈和结构化反思。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of a Project-Based Learning Experience on the SAE Self-Efficacy of Preservice Teachers 基于项目的学习体验对保留教师SAE自我效能感的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01029
Jessica M Toombs, Christopher J. Eck, J. Robinson
The Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE) program is a valuable component of school-based agricultural education (SBAE). SAE component outcomes consist of real-world career exposure and skill development through experiential learning. Unfortunately, the SAE program is often the weakest component of SBAE in local programs. As such, SBAE teachers regularly request professional development in supervising student SAE projects. To address this need, we evaluated preservice teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching SAE throughout a semester-long course focused on the topic. We were especially interested in how self-efficacy changed over time, and we used an explanatory mixed-methods approach to do so. Our findings revealed that preservice teachers increased their perceived SAE self-efficacy by one full point on a 5-point scale, as a result of the course, when comparing data from Week 1 to Week 16. Financial data records of SAEs were perceived as the lowest SAE self-efficacy item for preservice teachers. Focus group members identified mastery experiences in the form of experiential learning and vicarious experiences of course instructors as contributing factors to their increase in SAE self-efficacy. It was recommended to course instructors to continue experiential learning projects and employing current and previous SBAE teachers as course instructors and guest speakers while also revising instruction related to The Agricultural Experience Tracker. Peer institutions should consider an experiential learning experience in relation to SAE supervision in their SBAE teacher preparation program.
监督农业经验(SAE)计划是校本农业教育(SBAE)的一个重要组成部分。SAE组成部分的成果包括真实世界的职业接触和通过体验式学习的技能发展。不幸的是,SAE项目往往是地方项目中SBAE最薄弱的组成部分。因此,SBAE教师定期要求在监督学生SAE项目时进行专业发展。为了满足这一需求,我们评估了职前教师在为期一学期的课程中对SAE教学的自我效能感。我们特别感兴趣的是自我效能感是如何随着时间的推移而变化的,我们使用了一种解释性的混合方法来做到这一点。我们的研究结果表明,在比较第1周至第16周的数据时,职前教师的SAE自我效能感在5分制中提高了一个满分。SAE的财务数据记录被认为是职前教师SAE自我效能感最低的项目。焦点小组成员认为,经验学习形式的掌握经验和课程讲师的替代经验是他们提高SAE自我效能的因素。建议课程讲师继续体验式学习项目,聘请现任和前任SBAE教师担任课程讲师和客座讲师,同时修订与《农业经验追踪》相关的教学。同行机构应在其SBAE教师准备计划中考虑与SAE监督相关的体验式学习体验。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural Leadership: A National Portrait of Undergraduate Courses 农业领导力:本科课程的全国性写照
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01165
D. Cletzer, Rebecca Mott, J. Simonsen, Jonathan Tummons, Jaelyn Peckman, Kate Preston
Agricultural leadership coursework has sought to developed leadership skills in graduates of colleges of agriculture for decades. Yet, a national study of the scope and nature of undergraduate leadership coursework has not been conducted since 2003. The purpose of this study was to provide empirical data for discussion of the state of agricultural leadership education. A census of all programs represented by faculty in AAAE was conducted, and 227 courses were determined to exist, the most common types of courses were introduction to leadership, personal leadership, and team and group leadership. The most common leadership theories or concepts present in the 100 course syllabi analyzed were “traits and skills,” “ethics,” and “servant leadership.” More than 80 different textbooks were used.
几十年来,农业领导课程一直致力于培养农业院校毕业生的领导技能。然而,自2003年以来,一直没有对本科领导力课程的范围和性质进行全国性的研究。本研究旨在为探讨农业领导教育现状提供实证数据。对AAAE的所有专业进行了普查,确定存在227门课程,最常见的课程类型是领导力介绍,个人领导力,团队和团体领导力。在被分析的100门课程教学大纲中,最常见的领导理论或概念是“特质和技能”、“道德”和“仆人式领导”。使用了80多种不同的教科书。
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引用次数: 3
Students’ Motivation to Learn Science Through Undergraduate -level Agricultural Coursework 从本科农业课程看学生学习科学的动机
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01182
S. Chumbley, Mark S. Hainline, Trent Wells, J. Haynes
A profound need currently exists in the United States for increased student interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) -based careers. Our study focused on how students conceptualized their motivation to learn contextualized science via agricultural science while viewed through the lens of both social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986, 2001) and Azjen’s theory of planned behavior (1991). Our non-experimental, descriptive study focused on students enrolled in either an undergraduate-level animal science or plant science course. The questionnaire used for this study was a modified version of the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ II). The SMQ II has been found to have adequate content validity and criterion-related validity. The science motivation scales with the highest reported average mean scores were grade motivation, career motivation, and intrinsic motivation. The self-determination and self-efficacy scales received lower ratings from the students.
目前,美国迫切需要提高学生对科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)职业的兴趣。我们的研究重点是从社会认知理论(Bandura,19862001)和Azjen的计划行为理论(1991)的角度来看,学生如何通过农业科学概念化他们学习情境科学的动机。我们的非实验性描述性研究主要针对本科生动物科学或植物科学课程的学生。本研究使用的问卷是科学动机问卷II(SMQ II)的修订版。SMQ II已被发现具有足够的内容有效性和标准相关的有效性。平均得分最高的科学动机量表是年级动机、职业动机和内在动机。自我决定和自我效能量表的评分较低。
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引用次数: 0
Accomplishments and Challenges Experienced by Beginning Agriculture Teachers in their First Three Years: A Collective Case Study 初任农业教师前三年的成就与挑战:集体个案研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01115
Brandie Disberger, Shannon G. Washburn, G. Hock, J. Ulmer
Studies show beginning agriculture teachers have different experiences than their seasoned colleagues, but how are their experiences different? This phenomenological collective case study tells the story of traditionally certified beginning agriculture teachers throughout their first three years of teaching. The study began with eight teachers in their first year and concluded with six teachers completing three years of teaching. Data collection included an on-site visit with an observation of teaching, tour, and an in-person interview followed by monthly phone interviews throughout the three academic years. Each year concluded with the teachers completing a reflection guide and participating in a focus group. The collective strengths and challenges the teachers faced were presented and organized by each year of experience. The findings highlighted areas the profession should support beginning agriculture teachers by including increased feedback and mentoring for teachers, resources on student management, work/life balance, seeking funding, and community relations.
研究表明,初任农业教师的经历与经验丰富的同事不同,但他们的经历有何不同?这一现象学集体案例研究告诉了传统认证的初任农业教师在教学的前三年的故事。这项研究从八名第一年的教师开始,到六名完成三年教学的教师结束。数据收集包括现场访问、教学观察、参观和面对面采访,然后在三个学年内每月进行电话采访。每年结束时,老师们都会完成一份反思指南,并参加一个焦点小组。教师们所面临的集体优势和挑战是根据每年的经验进行介绍和组织的。研究结果强调了该专业应支持初任农业教师的领域,包括增加对教师的反馈和指导、学生管理资源、工作/生活平衡、寻求资金和社区关系。
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引用次数: 0
Insights from Second Generation Agriculture Teachers on Career Choice and Identity 第二代农业教师对职业选择与认同的见解
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01047
Milan Pozderac, Tymeshia Casey, Tracy Kitchel
The recruitment and retention of agriculture teachers has been a persistent problem for several decades, requiring unique approaches to solving this issue. This study sought to garner a unique prospective of why and how one enters the profession by understanding why second generation agriculture teachers (SGATs) chose to enter the profession after growing up with a parent who was an agriculture teacher. Through semi-structured interviews three themes emerged. The first theme was experiencing the profession and impact through the SGAT’s father influenced SGAT’s career decision. SGATs felt they were ahead of their high school peers, having learned content knowledge by growing up with their agriculture teacher parent. Second, SGAT’s fathers were role models to them, and they based their own teaching and life strategies off their experiences growing up. SGATs were better able to structure their classroom and lives off both the good and bad experiences growing up with their agriculture teacher parent. Third, SGATs unconsciously inherited identity and beliefs from their fathers. We recommend continued research into the retention of teachers and to recommend teacher recruitment campaigns from students’ points of view regarding teacher impact as that perspective had an impact on the SGATs.
几十年来,农业教师的招聘和留用一直是一个持续存在的问题,需要采取独特的方法来解决这个问题。这项研究试图通过理解为什么第二代农业教师(SGAT)在与一位农业教师的父母一起长大后选择进入这一职业,来获得一个独特的前景,了解为什么以及如何进入这一行业。通过半结构化访谈,出现了三个主题。第一个主题是通过SGAT的父亲影响SGAT的职业决策来体验这个职业和影响。SGAT觉得他们领先于高中同龄人,他们通过与农业教师父母一起成长而学习了内容知识。其次,SGAT的父亲是他们的榜样,他们根据自己的成长经历制定自己的教学和生活策略。SGAT能够更好地组织他们的课堂,并依靠与农业教师父母一起成长的好经历和坏经历生活。第三,SGAT无意识地继承了父亲的身份和信仰。我们建议继续研究留住教师的问题,并建议从学生的角度就教师影响开展教师招聘活动,因为这一观点对SGAT产生了影响。
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引用次数: 0
College of Agriculture Students’ Transfer Experiences Compared to the Experiences of Their University Peers 农学院学生转学经历与大学同行的比较
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01149
J. Bundy, Michael S. Retallick, E. Foreman, Kelsey Powell
Responses from a random sample of 104 non-COA respondents served as the comparison group. Survey results found statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the groups in the manner in which transfer student capital was obtained. COA students tended to use advisors and admissions counselors prior to transfer more than their non-COA peers. However, pre- and post-transfer resources were under-used by both groups. On average, 66.0% of all respondents reported that they planned to transfer to a four-year institution prior to enrollment at their previous institution, but less than 50.0% of respondents used a transfer plan or course equivalency guide to aid in their course planning. Additionally, an average of 76.5% of transfers across both groups reported being aware of post-transfer tutoring services but did not utilize this resources in their first semester. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the perceived usefulness of post-transfer tutor resources between the two groups. Additional research is needed to determine if observed differences between COA and non-COA students explain variance associated with persistence and completion of a baccalaureate degree.
来自104名非COA受访者的随机样本的回答作为对照组。调查结果发现,两组之间在获得转移学生资本的方式上存在统计学显著差异(p<0.05)。与非COA学生相比,COA学生在转学前更倾向于使用顾问和招生顾问。然而,这两个小组都没有充分利用调动前和调动后的资源。平均而言,66.0%的受访者表示,他们计划在上一所大学入学前转学至四年制大学,但只有不到50.0%的受访者使用转学计划或课程等效指南来帮助他们进行课程规划。此外,两组平均76.5%的转学学生表示知道转学后的辅导服务,但在第一学期没有使用这些资源。两组在转学后导师资源的有用性方面存在显著差异(p<0.05)。需要进一步的研究来确定COA和非COA学生之间观察到的差异是否可以解释与学士学位的持续性和完成度相关的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Transformative Learning in an African American Agriculture Course 非裔美国人农业课程中的变革性学习
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01062
Courtney Brown, Lauren Cline, J. Robinson
Despite agricultural education’s prioritized efforts to increase diversity, people of color remain minimally represented. The overwhelming majority of all School-Based Agricultural Education (SBAE) teachers are White, non-Hispanic. The limitations of SBAE teachers’ prior experiences or knowledge base of ethnic and racial diversity could lead to challenges in successfully supporting minority students. Agricultural education programs play an essential role in supporting preservice teachers’ attainment of deeper understanding by providing multicultural education curriculum that encourages growth in their critical awareness of diverse cultures. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the transformative learning experience of students completing an African American (AA) Agriculture course. This study analyzed responses provided by students both at the beginning and end of the course experience to understand if and to what degree the transformative learning process occurred. Findings revealed evidence of transformative learning among the students in the way of six emergent themes that described their perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs about AA agriculture when comparing responses acquired before and after the completion of the course. With the limited representation of AA teachers in SBAE programs, the evaluation of the transformative learning process of students in this course may open the door to create a more culturally inclusive environment in SBAE and the agricultural industry as a whole.
尽管农业教育优先努力增加多样性,但有色人种的代表性仍然很低。绝大多数学校农业教育(SBAE)教师是白人,非西班牙裔。SBAE教师先前的种族和种族多样性经验或知识基础的局限性可能会给成功支持少数族裔学生带来挑战。农业教育项目通过提供多元文化教育课程,鼓励职前教师提高对不同文化的批判性认识,在支持职前教师加深理解方面发挥着重要作用。我们研究的目的是评估完成非裔美国人(AA)农业课程的学生的变革性学习经历。这项研究分析了学生在课程体验开始和结束时的反应,以了解变革性学习过程是否发生以及在多大程度上发生。研究结果揭示了学生在六个新兴主题中进行变革性学习的证据,这些主题描述了他们在比较课程前后获得的反应时对AA农业的看法、态度和信念。由于AA教师在SBAE项目中的代表性有限,对本课程学生变革性学习过程的评估可能会为在SBAE和整个农业行业创造一个更具文化包容性的环境打开大门。
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引用次数: 2
Meeting the Needs of Gifted and Talented Students in Agricultural Education: An Exploratory Study 满足农业教育人才需求的探索性研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5032/jae.2022.01013
Olivia Hile, T. Sorensen, A. McKim
Agriculture teachers are responsible for the education of a mixed ability classroom, in which there may be students identified as gifted. It is unclear how much preservice preparation agriculture teachers receive in order to challenge this population of students or what inservice teacher professional development needs exist. This study aimed to measure agriculture teacher attitudes toward working with gifted students as well as their preservice teacher preparation and current professional development needs. Just over half of participants that completed a traditional teacher preparation program felt adequately prepared to meet the needs of gifted students in their classrooms. Agriculture teachers mostly agreed that students should be challenged, gifted students are a valuable part of their classroom, and that differentiating for gifted students is important. Responding teachers mostly disagreed that their content knowledge is challenged, gifted students are bored in their classrooms, and that they feel threatened by the intelligence of gifted students in their class. Professional development is needed in creating challenging classroom content, differentiating instruction and teaching problem-solving skills to gifted agriculture students.
农业教师负责混合能力课堂的教育,其中可能有被认定为天才的学生。目前尚不清楚农业教师为了挑战这群学生而接受了多少职前准备,也不清楚在职教师的专业发展需要什么。本研究旨在衡量农业教师对与天才学生合作的态度,以及他们的职前教师准备和当前的专业发展需求。刚刚超过一半的完成传统教师准备计划的参与者觉得自己已经做好了充分的准备,可以满足课堂上天才学生的需求。农业教师大多认为,学生应该受到挑战,资优学生是课堂上有价值的一部分,区分资优学生很重要。回应的教师大多不同意他们的内容知识受到挑战,资优学生在课堂上感到无聊,以及他们对班上资优学生的智力感到威胁。在创造具有挑战性的课堂内容、差异化教学和向有天赋的农业学生教授解决问题的技能方面,需要专业发展。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of agricultural education
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