F. Miller, Brody Worl, Konner Platt, Nathan Orecchio, Yenly Londono Calle
Introduction: Accurate body composition is important for a variety of reasons including health and fitness. The purposes of this study were to compare predicted thoracic gas volumes (TGVp) and measured thoracic gas volumes (TGVm) and to compare percentage body fat (%BF) from the Bod Pod using TGVp and TGVm. Methods: Participants included 31 male college athletes (18-22 years) on the basketball, soccer, tennis, baseball, or track teams. Each participant completed both a predicted and measured TGV using the Bod Pod. Results: TGVm was significantly higher (4.59 ± 0.88 L) than TGVp (4.11 ±0.45 L, p<0.001). %BF derived by TGVm was significantly higher than %BF derived by TGVp (13.8% vs. 12.6%; p<0.001). Individually, %BF derived from TGVm vs. TGVp differed within ± 2.0% BF for 58% of the participants. Conclusions: The results indicate that measuring TGV is recommended in male college athletes.
{"title":"Predicted Versus Measured Thoracic Gas Volume on Body Fat Percentage in Male College Athletes","authors":"F. Miller, Brody Worl, Konner Platt, Nathan Orecchio, Yenly Londono Calle","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103148","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Accurate body composition is important for a variety of reasons including health and fitness. The purposes of this study were to compare predicted thoracic gas volumes (TGVp) and measured thoracic gas volumes (TGVm) and to compare percentage body fat (%BF) from the Bod Pod using TGVp and TGVm.\u0000Methods: Participants included 31 male college athletes (18-22 years) on the basketball, soccer, tennis, baseball, or track teams. Each participant completed both a predicted and measured TGV using the Bod Pod.\u0000Results: TGVm was significantly higher (4.59 ± 0.88 L) than TGVp (4.11 ±0.45 L, p<0.001). %BF derived by TGVm was significantly higher than %BF derived by TGVp (13.8% vs. 12.6%; p<0.001). Individually, %BF derived from TGVm vs. TGVp differed within ± 2.0% BF for 58% of the participants.\u0000Conclusions: The results indicate that measuring TGV is recommended in male college athletes.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49490657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael B. La Monica, B. Raub, J. Sandrock, Joe Cyvas, Shelley Hartshorn, Ashley Gustat
Introduction: Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that has previously been shown to improve athletic performance, reduce fatigue, and increase blood flow. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a novel dietary supplement blend (3D PUMP BREAKTHROUGH®, 3DPump) vs. citrulline alone on changes in muscle volume, fluid shifts, markers of hydration, inflammation, recovery, affect, and muscular endurance. Methods: Twenty-eight recreationally active subjects (6 women, 22 men) participated in a randomized, positive-controlled, single-blind, crossover study which involved 4 testing visits (2 workout visits each with a 24-hr follow-up visit). Participants ingested 3DPump (containing 3g L-citrulline, 1.2g glycerol, 165mg Amla fruit extract) or 8g of L-citrulline alone 45min before an aerobic and resistance training workout. Assessments of body fluid shifts (via BIA), markers of hydration (urine and serum osmolality, USG, hemoglobin), and appendicular girth were taken before and after exercise while markers of damage and inflammation (neutrophils, CK, ESR, MCP-1, CRP) were taken before and 24 hours after exercise, muscular endurance (reps to failure) was assessed during resistance exercises, and subjective measures of affect and recovery were taken before, after and 24 hours after exercise. Mixed factorial ANOVAs with dependent t-tests were used to compare treatments. Results: A significant interaction occurred for right thigh circumference; however post hoc testing indicated both groups increased similarly in post workout girth (p<0.05). A significant interaction occurred for ECF/TBW indicating post workout was greater than pre workout in 3DPump only (p=0.002). An interaction trend (p≤0.010) occurred for SBP and DBP indicating that 3DPump was uniquely able to significantly lower blood pressure (SBP and DBP) post workout compared to baseline and 24 hours after exercise (p<0.001). Conclusions: 3DPump, which contains 3g L-citrulline was able to provide similar effects in muscular endurance, muscle pump and other subjective feelings of affect, hydration, damage and inflammation markers, and body fluid shifts as an 8g dose of L-citrulline alone. 3DPump may have unique benefits on improving post exercise vascular tone and ECF/TBW.
瓜氨酸是一种非必需氨基酸，以前已被证明可以提高运动成绩，减少疲劳，增加血流量。本研究的目的是研究一种新型膳食补充剂混合物(3D PUMP BREAKTHROUGH®，3D PUMP)与单独使用瓜氨酸在肌肉体积、液体转移、水合作用、炎症、恢复、影响和肌肉耐力方面的效果。方法:28名有娱乐活动的受试者(6名女性，22名男性)参加了一项随机、正对照、单盲、交叉研究，包括4次测试访问(两次锻炼访问，每次24小时随访)。参与者在有氧和阻力训练前45分钟服用3DPump(含3g l -瓜氨酸，1.2g甘油，165mg Amla水果提取物)或8g l -瓜氨酸。在运动前后测量体液转移(通过BIA)、水合标志物(尿液和血清渗透压、USG、血红蛋白)和阑尾围，在运动前和运动后24小时测量损伤和炎症标志物(中性粒细胞、CK、ESR、MCP-1、CRP)，在阻力运动期间评估肌肉耐力(失败次数)，并在运动前、运动后和运动后24小时测量影响和恢复的主观测量。采用混合因子方差分析和依赖t检验来比较治疗。结果:右大腿围有显著的相互作用;然而，事后测试表明，两组在锻炼后的腰围增加相似(p<0.05)。ECF/TBW之间存在显著的相互作用，表明仅在3DPump中锻炼后大于锻炼前(p=0.002)。收缩压和舒张压存在相互作用趋势(p≤0.010)，表明3DPump在运动后与基线和运动后24小时相比，能够显著降低血压(收缩压和舒张压)(p<0.001)。结论:含有3g l -瓜氨酸的3DPump在肌肉耐力、肌肉泵等主观情感感受、水合作用、损伤和炎症指标以及体液转移方面的效果与单独服用8g l -瓜氨酸的效果相似。3DPump可能对改善运动后血管张力和ECF/TBW有独特的好处。
{"title":"A Randomized, Single-Blind, Crossover Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Novel Dietary Supplement Blend with L-Citrulline on Biomarkers of Hydration, Muscle Size, Affect, Inflammation, and Muscular Endurance","authors":"Michael B. La Monica, B. Raub, J. Sandrock, Joe Cyvas, Shelley Hartshorn, Ashley Gustat","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103144","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that has previously been shown to improve athletic performance, reduce fatigue, and increase blood flow. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a novel dietary supplement blend (3D PUMP BREAKTHROUGH®, 3DPump) vs. citrulline alone on changes in muscle volume, fluid shifts, markers of hydration, inflammation, recovery, affect, and muscular endurance. \u0000Methods: Twenty-eight recreationally active subjects (6 women, 22 men) participated in a randomized, positive-controlled, single-blind, crossover study which involved 4 testing visits (2 workout visits each with a 24-hr follow-up visit). Participants ingested 3DPump (containing 3g L-citrulline, 1.2g glycerol, 165mg Amla fruit extract) or 8g of L-citrulline alone 45min before an aerobic and resistance training workout. Assessments of body fluid shifts (via BIA), markers of hydration (urine and serum osmolality, USG, hemoglobin), and appendicular girth were taken before and after exercise while markers of damage and inflammation (neutrophils, CK, ESR, MCP-1, CRP) were taken before and 24 hours after exercise, muscular endurance (reps to failure) was assessed during resistance exercises, and subjective measures of affect and recovery were taken before, after and 24 hours after exercise. Mixed factorial ANOVAs with dependent t-tests were used to compare treatments.\u0000Results: A significant interaction occurred for right thigh circumference; however post hoc testing indicated both groups increased similarly in post workout girth (p<0.05). A significant interaction occurred for ECF/TBW indicating post workout was greater than pre workout in 3DPump only (p=0.002). An interaction trend (p≤0.010) occurred for SBP and DBP indicating that 3DPump was uniquely able to significantly lower blood pressure (SBP and DBP) post workout compared to baseline and 24 hours after exercise (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusions: 3DPump, which contains 3g L-citrulline was able to provide similar effects in muscular endurance, muscle pump and other subjective feelings of affect, hydration, damage and inflammation markers, and body fluid shifts as an 8g dose of L-citrulline alone. 3DPump may have unique benefits on improving post exercise vascular tone and ECF/TBW.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42900352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of on-duty death for firefighters. Risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and elevated cholesterol can be used as predictors in the prevention and intervention of CVD. Social media (SM) has become a popular platform for delivering health and wellness information. The aims of this study were to examine the utility of nutrition education through a dedicated social media platform (Instagram) for supporting and enhancing nutrition knowledge and in reducing CVD risk factors amongst firefighters. Methods: In a pilot study, firefighters (n=53) were exposed to a private IG account for 6 weeks. The intervention was delivering daily evidence-based nutrition information via the SM platform. A validated Questionnaire (ANSKQ) was administered before and after the 6-week intervention period. Nutrition knowledge, anthropometric and vitals data were collected pre-post intervention. Results: Data analysis is presented as the mean, ± SD, p<0.05 was deemed significant. ANSKQ results were evaluated by total, general and sports nutrition knowledge scores. The total mean score significantly increased from 46% ± 3.27 to 52% ± 13.43 (p<0.0017). A 5% increase in GNK scores was also observed over the study period [60% ± 15.35 to 65% ± 19.83 (p<0.04409)]. SNK scores increased by 6% over the study period [39% ± 16.01 to 45% ± 14.25 (p<0.0108)]. Participants lost an average of 1.54 kg ± 2.29 (p<0.00007) over the study period. Conclusions: This study suggests that nutrition education that impacts change in habits and health can be delivered over a dedicated interactive social media platform. This can have an impact on nutrition knowledge and health behaviors, as well as health outcomes in fire-fighters.
{"title":"Nutrition Intervention Through a Social Media Platform on Nutrition Knowledge and CVD Risk Factors Amongst Firefighters","authors":"Katie Emerson, D. Kalman, Michael Downing","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103143","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of on-duty death for firefighters. Risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and elevated cholesterol can be used as predictors in the prevention and intervention of CVD. Social media (SM) has become a popular platform for delivering health and wellness information. The aims of this study were to examine the utility of nutrition education through a dedicated social media platform (Instagram) for supporting and enhancing nutrition knowledge and in reducing CVD risk factors amongst firefighters.\u0000Methods: In a pilot study, firefighters (n=53) were exposed to a private IG account for 6 weeks. The intervention was delivering daily evidence-based nutrition information via the SM platform. A validated Questionnaire (ANSKQ) was administered before and after the 6-week intervention period. Nutrition knowledge, anthropometric and vitals data were collected pre-post intervention.\u0000Results: Data analysis is presented as the mean, ± SD, p<0.05 was deemed significant. ANSKQ results were evaluated by total, general and sports nutrition knowledge scores. The total mean score significantly increased from 46% ± 3.27 to 52% ± 13.43 (p<0.0017). A 5% increase in GNK scores was also observed over the study period [60% ± 15.35 to 65% ± 19.83 (p<0.04409)]. SNK scores increased by 6% over the study period [39% ± 16.01 to 45% ± 14.25 (p<0.0108)]. Participants lost an average of 1.54 kg ± 2.29 (p<0.00007) over the study period.\u0000Conclusions: This study suggests that nutrition education that impacts change in habits and health can be delivered over a dedicated interactive social media platform. This can have an impact on nutrition knowledge and health behaviors, as well as health outcomes in fire-fighters. ","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47989543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: This pilot study examined the effectiveness of two different 5-week reminder interventions to achieve adequate water intake and hydration in women as well as the effects of body composition and self-efficacy on hydration. Methods: Twenty-two apparently healthy adult women were randomly assigned to the 64 oz. motivational water bottle group (n = 11), or the water reminder – daily tracker app group (n = 11). Body composition, predicted VO2max, and self-efficacy were assessed at baseline, post 5-week intervention, and after a 30-day follow-up period. Urine markers (color, specific gravity, and pH) were reported at baseline, weekly throughout the 5-week intervention, and the last 3 days of the 30-day follow-up period. During the interventions, participants self-reported daily step count, resting heart rate, water intake, and symptoms of dehydration. Results: Both 5-week reminder interventions successfully increased water intake by an average of 29% with a mean daily consumption of 72.05 + 18.75 ounces, meeting recommendations. Based on regression analysis, self-efficacy predicted daily water intake at the end of the 5-week intervention (p = 0.03). Urine markers of hydration classified several participants as dehydrated at the end of 5 weeks. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between BMI and Ucol at baseline (p = 0.05), week 5 (p = 0.05), and follow-up (p = 0.04), indicating that women with a higher BMI were more dehydrated. In hydrated participants, memory and ability to concentrate significantly improved (p = 0.019). Results indicated there were no significant differences in water intake and hydration between the two groups at baseline, week 5, and follow-up. Conclusions: Both 5-week interventions successfully increased water intake. However, based on urine markers of hydration women may be more prone to involuntary, chronic dehydration due to a higher body fat percentage.
{"title":"Comparison of Two Reminder Interventions to Achieve Adequate Water Intake and Hydration in Women: A Pilot Study","authors":"B. Reeves, Ben Carter, L. Roberson, D. Jordan","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103142","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This pilot study examined the effectiveness of two different 5-week reminder interventions to achieve adequate water intake and hydration in women as well as the effects of body composition and self-efficacy on hydration.\u0000Methods: Twenty-two apparently healthy adult women were randomly assigned to the 64 oz. motivational water bottle group (n = 11), or the water reminder – daily tracker app group (n = 11). Body composition, predicted VO2max, and self-efficacy were assessed at baseline, post 5-week intervention, and after a 30-day\u0000follow-up period. Urine markers (color, specific gravity, and pH) were reported at baseline, weekly throughout the 5-week intervention, and the last 3 days of the 30-day follow-up period. During the interventions, participants self-reported daily step count, resting heart rate, water intake, and symptoms of dehydration.\u0000Results: Both 5-week reminder interventions successfully increased water intake by an average of 29% with a mean daily consumption of 72.05 + 18.75 ounces, meeting recommendations. Based on regression analysis, self-efficacy predicted daily water intake at the end of the 5-week intervention (p = 0.03). Urine markers of hydration classified several participants as dehydrated at the end of 5 weeks. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between BMI and Ucol at baseline (p = 0.05), week 5 (p = 0.05), and follow-up (p = 0.04), indicating that women with a higher BMI were more dehydrated. In hydrated participants, memory and ability to concentrate significantly improved (p = 0.019). Results indicated there were no significant differences in water intake and hydration between the two groups at baseline, week 5, and follow-up.\u0000Conclusions: Both 5-week interventions successfully increased water intake. However, based on urine markers of hydration women may be more prone to involuntary, chronic dehydration due to a higher body fat percentage.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42408874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haley Stewart, Amber Marks, Rebecca Gonter-Dray, D. Cuy Castellanos
Introduction: There is a lack of research on how parental involvement in an adolescent athlete’s sports nutrition program can impact an athlete’s adherence to nutrition related goals. Thus, this investigation aimed to examine the difference in the high school football athlete’s adherence to self-identified dietary goals in relation to parental involvement in the program. Methods: A total of 25 high school football athletes and 25 parents participated in a six week-long WAVE sports nutrition education program. 64% of participants (athletes & parents) completed the 12-week post follow up (n=32). Athletes and parents completed sports nutrition knowledge questionnaires and food frequency questionnaires. Additionally, parents completed self-efficacy questionnaires to rank their confidence in preparing healthy meals and cooking. Results: There were significant changes in parents' sports nutrition knowledge scores from initial to the 12-week follow up (p<0.001) The parents’ self-efficacy around choosing and preparing healthy food options also increased from initial to the 12-week follow up (p=0.004). No significant difference was found between parent’s attendance and the athlete’s adherence to long-term goals. Conclusions: The increase in parent's overall sports nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy around preparing and cooking healthy foods did not significantly affect athlete’s adherence to their self-identified goals.
{"title":"Goal Setting and Parental Participation in a piloted High School Football Sports Nutrition Education Program","authors":"Haley Stewart, Amber Marks, Rebecca Gonter-Dray, D. Cuy Castellanos","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is a lack of research on how parental involvement in an adolescent athlete’s sports nutrition program can impact an athlete’s adherence to nutrition related goals. Thus, this investigation aimed to examine the difference in the high school football athlete’s adherence to self-identified dietary goals in relation to parental involvement in the program.\u0000Methods: A total of 25 high school football athletes and 25 parents participated in a six week-long WAVE sports nutrition education program. 64% of participants (athletes & parents) completed the 12-week post follow up (n=32). Athletes and parents completed sports nutrition knowledge questionnaires and food frequency questionnaires. Additionally, parents completed self-efficacy questionnaires to rank their confidence in preparing healthy meals and cooking.\u0000Results: There were significant changes in parents' sports nutrition knowledge scores from initial to the 12-week follow up (p<0.001) The parents’ self-efficacy around choosing and preparing healthy food options also increased from initial to the 12-week follow up (p=0.004). No significant difference was found between parent’s attendance and the athlete’s adherence to long-term goals.\u0000Conclusions: The increase in parent's overall sports nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy around preparing and cooking healthy foods did not significantly affect athlete’s adherence to their self-identified goals.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43946448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Maintaining adequate hydration throughout the day is extremely important, especially for the athletic population. While several recommendations have been developed to aid in timing (i.e., before, during and after exercise) and quantity of fluid intake, research has shown that approximately 70% of collegiate athletes arrive to practice in a dehydrated state. This review aims to identify the studies that have developed fluid protocols or utilized fluid recommendations for athletes prior to exercise. Methods: Two databases and 13 search terms were used to find relevant articles. Results: To date, several position papers, observational, and experimental (25 investigations total) studies that included a pre-exercise fluid recommendation and protocols to achieve euhydration were identified. Conclusions: Many of the fluid recommendations and protocols identified are different and some are not supported with evidence. In addition, very few have utilized fluid recommendations based on body weight. Future research could further investigate the use of fluid protocols catered to body weight or based on other practical assessment methods, in an effort to make individualized hydration plans.
{"title":"Do Current Pre-Exercise Fluid Recommendations for Athletes Need to be Updated? A Short Review","authors":"S. Kostelnik, M. Valliant","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103137","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maintaining adequate hydration throughout the day is extremely important, especially for the athletic population. While several recommendations have been developed to aid in timing (i.e., before, during and after exercise) and quantity of fluid intake, research has shown that approximately 70% of collegiate athletes arrive to practice in a dehydrated state. This review aims to identify the studies that have developed fluid protocols or utilized fluid recommendations for athletes prior to exercise.\u0000Methods: Two databases and 13 search terms were used to find relevant articles.\u0000Results: To date, several position papers, observational, and experimental (25 investigations total) studies that included a pre-exercise fluid recommendation and protocols to achieve euhydration were identified.\u0000Conclusions: Many of the fluid recommendations and protocols identified are different and some are not supported with evidence. In addition, very few have utilized fluid recommendations based on body weight. Future research could further investigate the use of fluid protocols catered to body weight or based on other practical assessment methods, in an effort to make individualized hydration plans.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44852918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Greenberg, Katie Emerson, Sarah Ojalvo Perez, S. Sylla, J. Komorowski
Introduction: Inositol-stabilized arginine silicate (ASI; Nitrosigine®) significantly increases circulating arginine and nitric oxide (NO). We examined ASI effects on objective and subjective indicators of muscle recovery, blood flow and energy. Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover-design, subjects (n=16) were given ASI (1,500 mg/day) or placebo for 4 days, with a 7-day washout period. Measurements occurred at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 h. On test days, subjects performed stress inducing leg extension exercises associated with muscle soreness. Following exercise, recovery markers creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), doppler ultrasound blood flow, leg circumference, salivary nitrite tests were measured. The Profile Mood States (POMS), VAS scales, vigor-activity cognitive tests were administered. Results: Serum CK but not LDH was significantly reduced in the ASI group on day 1 and 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise (p<0.05); myoglobin was reduced on d1 and at 24 h post-exercise. No negative heart rate or blood pressure effects were observed. Reactive hyperemia indicated by leg circumference showed greater increases in the ASI group at 72 h (p<0.05). No differences were found in salivary nitrite levels (p=0.265). Perceived energy POMS responses increased in the ASI group compared to placebo (p=0.039) but no differences were found in subjective muscle recovery as determined by VASs. Conclusions: ASI may be beneficial for fitness goals by increasing blood flow, and reducing muscle damage and perceived energy.
{"title":"Inositol-Stabilized Arginine Silicate Reduces Exercise Induced Muscle Damage and Increases Perceived Energy","authors":"D. Greenberg, Katie Emerson, Sarah Ojalvo Perez, S. Sylla, J. Komorowski","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103141","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inositol-stabilized arginine silicate (ASI; Nitrosigine®) significantly increases circulating arginine and nitric oxide (NO). We examined ASI effects on objective and subjective indicators of muscle recovery, blood flow and energy. \u0000Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover-design, subjects (n=16) were given ASI (1,500 mg/day) or placebo for 4 days, with a 7-day washout period. Measurements occurred at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 h. On test days, subjects performed stress inducing leg extension exercises associated with muscle soreness. Following exercise, recovery markers creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), doppler ultrasound blood flow, leg circumference, salivary nitrite tests were measured. The Profile Mood States (POMS), VAS scales, vigor-activity cognitive tests were administered. \u0000Results: Serum CK but not LDH was significantly reduced in the ASI group on day 1 and 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise (p<0.05); myoglobin was reduced on d1 and at 24 h post-exercise. No negative heart rate or blood pressure effects were observed. Reactive hyperemia indicated by leg circumference showed greater increases in the ASI group at 72 h (p<0.05). No differences were found in salivary nitrite levels (p=0.265). Perceived energy POMS responses increased in the ASI group compared to placebo (p=0.039) but no differences were found in subjective muscle recovery as determined by VASs.\u0000Conclusions: ASI may be beneficial for fitness goals by increasing blood flow, and reducing muscle damage and perceived energy.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46474278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The nutritional needs of college athletes differ from their non-athlete counterparts. Sufficient consumption of nutrients among this population is dependent on a variety of factors, including nutrition knowledge and access to nutrition information resources. Financially, National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) schools are at a disadvantage compared to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I schools. This may potentially give NCAA Division I athletes access to more reliable nutrition education sources, while placing NAIA college athletes at a nutritional disadvantage. Methods: This research study investigated the relationship(s) between female soccer players’ (n=16) nutrition knowledge sources, nutrition knowledge, and dietary habits. This study also assessed the differences in the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of NCAA Division I athletes and NAIA athletes. Data was collected using an online survey. Results: Descriptive statistics indicate that nutrition knowledge was poor among all study participants. Inferential analyses indicate that there is not a significant difference in nutrition knowledge scores using division as a grouping variable (p = 0.312). Similarly, there was not a significant difference in dietary quality scores using division as a grouping variable (p = 0.336). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that collegiate female soccer players may lack nutrition knowledge, regardless of the division in which they participate. Because of the importance of adequate nutrition in college athletes, this area would benefit from additional research.
{"title":"A Comparison Between an NAIA and an NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Teams' Nutrition Knowledge, Nutrition Knowledge Sources, and Dietary Habits (HWCC)","authors":"Hannah Wilson, Charlotte Cervantes","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103140","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The nutritional needs of college athletes differ from their non-athlete counterparts. Sufficient consumption of nutrients among this population is dependent on a variety of factors, including nutrition knowledge and access to nutrition information resources. Financially, National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) schools are at a disadvantage compared to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I schools. This may potentially give NCAA Division I athletes access to more reliable nutrition education sources, while placing NAIA college athletes at a nutritional disadvantage.\u0000Methods: This research study investigated the relationship(s) between female soccer players’ (n=16) nutrition knowledge sources, nutrition knowledge, and dietary habits. This study also assessed the differences in the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of NCAA Division I athletes and NAIA athletes. Data was collected using an online survey.\u0000Results: Descriptive statistics indicate that nutrition knowledge was poor among all study participants. Inferential analyses indicate that there is not a significant difference in nutrition knowledge scores using division as a grouping variable (p = 0.312). Similarly, there was not a significant difference in dietary quality scores using division as a grouping variable (p = 0.336). \u0000Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that collegiate female soccer players may lack nutrition knowledge, regardless of the division in which they participate. Because of the importance of adequate nutrition in college athletes, this area would benefit from additional research.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43874710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ross, Megan Wilson, Katherine B. Reed, S. Waterworth, C. McManus
Introduction: New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract (NZBC) is a popular ergogenic aid used to improve endurance performance. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a single bolus of NZBC on 10-km time trial (TT) cycling performance in normobaric hypoxia. Methods: A double-blind, crossover design study was conducted with trained cyclists. The effects of acute NZBC (900 mg) were compared with a placebo in normobaric hypoxia (NH) (FiO2 = 15.5%). Testing comprised of three laboratory-based visits for (1) familiarisation (and screening of TT performance before entry into study), (2) placebo and (3) NZBC, whereby a 10-km cycling TT was completed one hour after consumption. After completion of the TT blood lactate was assessed at four time-points in the 10 minutes following. Throughout the TT, power output (PO), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) were recorded. Results: NZBC had no effect on TT cycling performance in NH compared to a placebo (1078.4 s [1009.4, 1147.4] and 1071.0 s [1006.4, 1137.5] respectively, p=0.31; d=-0.31). Additionally, no difference was observed for mean power output (p=0.20; d=0.39), HR (p=0.76; d=0.09) or at 1-km intervals for performance time (p=0.80), PO (p=0.77) or RPE (p=0.41). Post exercise blood lactate recovery did not differ between placebo and NZBC (p=0.42). Conclusion: Acute intake of NZBC has no effect on cycling performance or blood lactate recovery in simulated altitude.
{"title":"Acute Consumption of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Has No Effect on Cycling Performance in Normobaric Hypoxia with Trained Cyclists","authors":"M. Ross, Megan Wilson, Katherine B. Reed, S. Waterworth, C. McManus","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103136","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract (NZBC) is a popular ergogenic aid used to improve endurance performance. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a single bolus of NZBC on 10-km time trial (TT) cycling performance in normobaric hypoxia.\u0000Methods: A double-blind, crossover design study was conducted with trained cyclists. The effects of acute NZBC (900 mg) were compared with a placebo in normobaric hypoxia (NH) (FiO2 = 15.5%). Testing comprised of three laboratory-based visits for (1) familiarisation (and screening of TT performance before entry into study), (2) placebo and (3) NZBC, whereby a 10-km cycling TT was completed one hour after consumption. After completion of the TT blood lactate was assessed at four time-points in the 10 minutes following. Throughout the TT, power output (PO), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) were recorded.\u0000Results: NZBC had no effect on TT cycling performance in NH compared to a placebo (1078.4 s [1009.4, 1147.4] and 1071.0 s [1006.4, 1137.5] respectively, p=0.31; d=-0.31). Additionally, no difference was observed for mean power output (p=0.20; d=0.39), HR (p=0.76; d=0.09) or at 1-km intervals for performance time (p=0.80), PO (p=0.77) or RPE (p=0.41). Post exercise blood lactate recovery did not differ between placebo and NZBC (p=0.42).\u0000Conclusion: Acute intake of NZBC has no effect on cycling performance or blood lactate recovery in simulated altitude.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47732713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy R. Townsend, Shameka Edwards, Laurel A. Littlefield, Jaclyn Morimune, Megan D Jones, Ruth N. Henry
Introduction: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that seven days of citrulline (CIT) supplementation would improve cardiovascular measures and functional performance in older active women. Methods: Sixteen women (66.9±5.6yrs, 1.65±0.5m, 71.7±16.7kg) volunteered to participate in this randomized, double-blind, crossover-study. Participants underwent a series of functional fitness testing including a hand grip strength test, get-up and go, sit-to-stand, and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Heart rate and blood pressure (BP) were obtained at rest and following the 6MWT. Participants consumed 6g of citrulline or a placebo daily for seven days between pre- and post-testing in a counterbalanced fashion with a 14-day washout period between treatments. Data were analyzed via separate repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: A significant time by treatment interaction was observed for resting diastolic BP (F = 5.34; p = 0.028) indicating lower resting diastolic BP values following seven days of CIT supplementation compared to placebo. No other differences in cardiovascular measures were observed. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between CIT and placebo for any measure of functional performance following the interventions. Conclusions: These results indicated that CIT did not influence functional performance, but CIT did improve resting diastolic blood pressure in older active female adults.
{"title":"Short-Term Citrulline Supplementation Does Not Improve Functional Performance in Older Active Women","authors":"Jeremy R. Townsend, Shameka Edwards, Laurel A. Littlefield, Jaclyn Morimune, Megan D Jones, Ruth N. Henry","doi":"10.53520/jen2023.103134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2023.103134","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that seven days of citrulline (CIT) supplementation would improve cardiovascular measures and functional performance in older active women.\u0000Methods: Sixteen women (66.9±5.6yrs, 1.65±0.5m, 71.7±16.7kg) volunteered to participate in this randomized, double-blind, crossover-study. Participants underwent a series of functional fitness testing including a hand grip strength test, get-up and go, sit-to-stand, and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Heart rate and blood pressure (BP) were obtained at rest and following the 6MWT. Participants consumed 6g of citrulline or a placebo daily for seven days between pre- and post-testing in a counterbalanced fashion with a 14-day washout period between treatments. Data were analyzed via separate repeated measures analysis of variance.\u0000Results: A significant time by treatment interaction was observed for resting diastolic BP (F = 5.34; p = 0.028) indicating lower resting diastolic BP values following seven days of CIT supplementation compared to placebo. No other differences in cardiovascular measures were observed. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between CIT and placebo for any measure of functional performance following the interventions.\u0000Conclusions: These results indicated that CIT did not influence functional performance, but CIT did improve resting diastolic blood pressure in older active female adults.","PeriodicalId":73743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of exercise and nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42095703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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