P. G. Noakes, W. Phillips, R. Jeffree, F. Steyn, E. Wolvetang, R. Henderson, P. Mccombe, S. Ngo
Pathogenesis
发病机理
{"title":"Muscle and Its Neuromuscular Synapse – Players in the Pathogenesis of Motor Neuron Disease","authors":"P. G. Noakes, W. Phillips, R. Jeffree, F. Steyn, E. Wolvetang, R. Henderson, P. Mccombe, S. Ngo","doi":"10.33696/neurol.4.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.4.067","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenesis","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48759890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yordan P Penev, Alice Beneke, Kevin T Root, Emily Meisel, Sean Kwak, Michael J Diaz, Julia L Root, Mohammad R Hosseini, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Background: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are a rapidly advancing field which utilizes brain activity to control external devices for a myriad of functions, including the restoration of motor function. Clinically, BCIs have been especially impactful in patients who suffer from stroke-mediated damage. However, due to the rapid advancement in the field, there is a lack of accepted standards of practice. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current literature published regarding the efficacy of BCI-based rehabilitation of motor dysfunction in stroke patients.
Methodology: This systematic review was performed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 statement. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were queried for relevant articles and screened for inclusion criteria by two authors. All discrepancies were resolved by discussion among both reviewers and subsequent consensus.
Results: 11/12 (91.6%) of studies focused on upper extremity outcomes and reported larger initial improvements for participants in the treatment arm (using BCI) as compared to those in the control arm (no BCI). 2/2 studies focused on lower extremity outcomes reported improvements for the treatment arm compared to the control arm.
Discussion/conclusion: This systematic review illustrates the utility BCI has for the restoration of upper extremity and lower extremity motor function in stroke patients and supports further investigation of BCI for other clinical indications.
{"title":"Therapeutic Effectiveness of Brain Computer Interfaces in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Yordan P Penev, Alice Beneke, Kevin T Root, Emily Meisel, Sean Kwak, Michael J Diaz, Julia L Root, Mohammad R Hosseini, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.33696/neurol.4.077","DOIUrl":"10.33696/neurol.4.077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are a rapidly advancing field which utilizes brain activity to control external devices for a myriad of functions, including the restoration of motor function. Clinically, BCIs have been especially impactful in patients who suffer from stroke-mediated damage. However, due to the rapid advancement in the field, there is a lack of accepted standards of practice. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current literature published regarding the efficacy of BCI-based rehabilitation of motor dysfunction in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This systematic review was performed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 statement. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were queried for relevant articles and screened for inclusion criteria by two authors. All discrepancies were resolved by discussion among both reviewers and subsequent consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>11/12 (91.6%) of studies focused on upper extremity outcomes and reported larger initial improvements for participants in the treatment arm (using BCI) as compared to those in the control arm (no BCI). 2/2 studies focused on lower extremity outcomes reported improvements for the treatment arm compared to the control arm.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>This systematic review illustrates the utility BCI has for the restoration of upper extremity and lower extremity motor function in stroke patients and supports further investigation of BCI for other clinical indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":"4 3","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41156122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Commentary Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a potent vasodilator and neurotransmitter that has been extensively studied in the context of migraine pathophysiology. Recently, studies have explored its role in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Although a multitude of therapies exist for migraine, there has been little study on the management of migraine following neurologic injury. As the incidence of TBI continues to grow, especially in the United States, it is essential to explore additional therapeutic options such as CGRP inhibition (CGRPi). Given its differential effects in TBI and SAH, an important next step is to see how patients with both TBI and SAH treated with CGRPi respond differently than patients with TBI alone. There is also a need for study in patients with severe TBI who could benefit most from this novel strategy. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid neurotransmitter that has been shown to be involved in cranial and facial pathology. Most commonly, CGRP’s role as a potent vasodilator [1,2] has been associated with migraine [3]. It’s use in the treatment of traumatic brain injury [3–5] and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) [6–9] has recently been explored in the literature. While there have been numerous studies on mice and other animal models describing exogenous CGRP’s therapeutic effects, its limited efficacy in humans due to its low half-life [10] has prevented its advancement to human trials. Migraines
{"title":"Commentary: Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide and Its Clinical Utility for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Associated Migraine","authors":"Y. Mehkri, Maxwell G. Woolridge, B. Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.065","url":null,"abstract":"Commentary Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a potent vasodilator and neurotransmitter that has been extensively studied in the context of migraine pathophysiology. Recently, studies have explored its role in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Although a multitude of therapies exist for migraine, there has been little study on the management of migraine following neurologic injury. As the incidence of TBI continues to grow, especially in the United States, it is essential to explore additional therapeutic options such as CGRP inhibition (CGRPi). Given its differential effects in TBI and SAH, an important next step is to see how patients with both TBI and SAH treated with CGRPi respond differently than patients with TBI alone. There is also a need for study in patients with severe TBI who could benefit most from this novel strategy. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid neurotransmitter that has been shown to be involved in cranial and facial pathology. Most commonly, CGRP’s role as a potent vasodilator [1,2] has been associated with migraine [3]. It’s use in the treatment of traumatic brain injury [3–5] and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) [6–9] has recently been explored in the literature. While there have been numerous studies on mice and other animal models describing exogenous CGRP’s therapeutic effects, its limited efficacy in humans due to its low half-life [10] has prevented its advancement to human trials. Migraines","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":"3 1","pages":"71 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Meraz-Ríos, E. A. Cabrera-Reyes, Mayte-Lizeth Padilla-Cristerna
{"title":"The Jalisco Mutation: Familiar Alzheimer’s Disease in México","authors":"M. Meraz-Ríos, E. A. Cabrera-Reyes, Mayte-Lizeth Padilla-Cristerna","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69670590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) Induced by Selective Agonist of Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor – A Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47558095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discovery of New Candidate Genes for Anorexia Nervosa through Integration of eQTLs with Summary Statistics","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49183117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Rodent Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Injury Model Reflecting Neurological and Urological Deficits of Humans","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45627309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuroinflammation and Microglial Polarity: Sirolimus Shifts Microglial Polarity to M2 phenotype in a Mouse Model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/neurol.3.064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43649467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danyas Sarathy, Mohammed Elghareeb, Alec Clark, Rebecca Zelmanovich, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Endovascular stenting has continued to evolve given the new trials. Several new stents have recently been developed to address specific purposes. In this focused review, we discuss the concepts of neurointerventional stents and address the clinical implications. Furthermore, each type of stent is discussed with supporting evidence for clinical utility. In the final component, we argue for continued development and utilization.
{"title":"Update on Clinical Management with Neurovascular Stents.","authors":"Danyas Sarathy, Mohammed Elghareeb, Alec Clark, Rebecca Zelmanovich, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.33696/neurol.3.062","DOIUrl":"10.33696/neurol.3.062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endovascular stenting has continued to evolve given the new trials. Several new stents have recently been developed to address specific purposes. In this focused review, we discuss the concepts of neurointerventional stents and address the clinical implications. Furthermore, each type of stent is discussed with supporting evidence for clinical utility. In the final component, we argue for continued development and utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":73744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental neurology","volume":"3 2","pages":"49-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10451105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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