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Case Report: Proton Therapy of a Pregnant Patient With Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Third Trimester Using Synthetic Computed Tomographies for Tumor Monitoring 病例报告:利用合成计算机断层扫描对妊娠晚期小细胞肺癌患者的质子治疗进行肿瘤监测
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101972
Gloria Vilches-Freixas PhD , Mirko Unipan PhD , Marije Velders BSc , Menke Weessies MSc , Esther Kneepkens PhD , Ilaria Rinaldi PhD , Vicki Trier Taasti PhD , Michel Öllers PhD , Mart Wubbels MSc , Anna Sadowska MD, PhD , Stijn van Teeffelen MD, PhD , Stéphanie Peeters MD, PhD
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Implementation of Simulation-Free Palliative Radiation Therapy: Consensus Recommendations From a Modified Delphi Study 无模拟姑息性放射治疗的临床实施:修正德尔菲研究的一致建议
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101993
Melissa O’Neil MSc, MRT(T) , Vivian S. Tan MD , Thilo Schuler MD , Christopher D. Abraham MD , Simon Boeke MD , Elizabeth Huynh PhD , Brian D. Kavanagh MD, MPH , Koen J. Nelissen MSc , Stephanie Roderick MMedPhys , David Sher MD, MPH , Ashwin Shinde MD , Eva Versteijne MD, PhD , Shelley Wong MARTP , David A. Palma MD, PhD

Purpose

Simulation-free radiation therapy (sim-free RT) uses diagnostic computed tomography scans in place of dedicated computed tomography simulations for treatment planning, potentially expediting palliative radiation therapy (PRT) while optimizing resource utilization. Broader adoption has been limited by the absence of standardized implementation guidance. This study aimed to establish expert consensus on key clinical, technical, and educational considerations for sim-free RT in PRT practice.

Methods and Materials

A modified Delphi process was conducted with international experts in sim-free RT, including radiation oncologists (n = 7), medical physicists (n = 2), a radiation therapist, and a PhD candidate specializing in PRT. The process included an open-ended first round followed by 3 Likert-scale survey rounds across 12 domains. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement; ≥90% agreement indicated strong support. “Trend toward agreement” was defined as 67% to 74%.

Results

Nine respondents, representing 11 individual experts from 8 institutions in 5 countries, completed all study rounds. Experts from the same institution responding as a group were considered as 1 participant. Consensus was achieved for 95% of statements. Strong support was observed for sim-free RT in palliative-intent treatments at low-risk sites (eg, thoracic/lumbar spine, pelvis) using conventional dose-fractionation. Recommended prerequisites included recent high-quality diagnostic scans (≤3 mm slice thickness, 100-140 kVp), robust image quality assurance, and multidisciplinary oversight. Areas of limited agreement included the use of older scans, application to cervical spine targets, and integration with intensity modulated radiotherapy/volumetric modulated arc therapy planning.

Conclusions

This Delphi study provides expert-driven recommendations to support safe implementation of sim-free RT in palliative practice. Findings highlight suitable indications, workflow safeguards, and training needs while underscoring the need for further dosimetric validation and broader evaluation across diverse practice settings.
无模拟放射治疗(sim-free RT)使用诊断性计算机断层扫描代替专门的计算机断层扫描模拟来制定治疗计划,在优化资源利用的同时可能加速姑息性放射治疗(PRT)。由于缺乏标准化的实施指导,广泛采用受到限制。本研究旨在就PRT实践中无simm RT的关键临床、技术和教育考虑因素建立专家共识。方法与材料采用改进的德尔菲法,与国际上无模拟放射治疗专家进行交流,包括放射肿瘤学家(n = 7)、医学物理学家(n = 2)、放射治疗师和一名PRT专业博士候选人。该过程包括开放式的第一轮,随后是12个领域的3轮李克特量表调查。一致定义为同意度≥75%;≥90%的同意度表示强烈支持。“趋于一致”的比例为67%至74%。结果来自5个国家8个机构的11位专家完成了所有的研究。来自同一机构的专家作为一个群体回答,被视为一个参与者。95%的陈述获得了共识。在低风险部位(如胸椎/腰椎、骨盆)使用常规剂量分馏进行姑息性目的治疗时,无simm放射治疗得到了强有力的支持。推荐的先决条件包括最近的高质量诊断扫描(≤3mm切片厚度,100-140 kVp),强大的图像质量保证和多学科监督。有限一致的领域包括使用旧的扫描,应用于颈椎目标,以及与强度调制放疗/体积调制弧线治疗计划的整合。结论:德尔菲研究提供了专家驱动的建议,以支持在姑息治疗实践中安全实施无sim RT。研究结果强调了合适的适应症、工作流程保障和培训需求,同时强调了进一步剂量学验证和在不同实践环境中进行更广泛评估的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Setting Up a Pediatric Radiation Oncology Program in Sub-Saharan Africa: Report From Nigeria 在撒哈拉以南非洲建立儿童放射肿瘤学项目:来自尼日利亚的报告。
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101990
Adedayo Joseph MBBS, FWACS , Aishat Oladipo MBBS , Chidiebere I. Agbakwuru MBBS, FWACS , Oluwafunmilayo Fagbemide MBBS , Chiedozie Obianyor MBBS , Abdallah Kotkat BSc , Nusirat Adedewe MSc , Bilonda Michou Mangongolo BSc , Kehinde Badejoko BSc , Bolaji Saba BSc , Adeseye Akinsete MBBS, FWACP , Muhammad Habeebu MBBS, FWACS

Purpose

This report summarizes the establishment and implementation of the first dedicated pediatric radiation oncology program in Nigeria. The program was developed to improve clinical outcomes, increase professional capacity, and advance regional research and protocol development.

Methods and Materials

Key considerations included professional development and capacity building, promoting multidisciplinary communication and practice, and incorporating technology for improved communication and data management. Regional and international collaborations were instrumental in addressing these considerations and ensuring the program's success. The program encountered challenges, including difficulties in recruiting team members, high rates of treatment abandonment, gaps in clinical and pathological information, as well as inadequacies in diagnostic testing capabilities.

Results

This pioneering pediatric radiation oncology unit in Nigeria was established with a multidisciplinary team comprising radiation oncologists, medical physicists, radiation therapy technologists, nurses, trainee medical doctors, and a dedicated research associate. The facility is equipped with 3 linear accelerators capable of delivering advanced conformal 3-dimensional radiation therapy such as intensity modulated (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc radiation therpay (VMAT). Within a 4-year duration, the program received 210 pediatric referrals, of which 55.7% proceeded to undergo radiation treatment. Innovative, context-specific, feasible, and sustainable solutions were necessary to address the unique challenges of the region.

Conclusions

This report details the establishment process, achievements, and strategies employed to overcome common barriers in commencing a pediatric radiation program in sub-Saharan Africa, in order to serve as a replicable model for advancing pediatric radiation oncology practice in regions with similar health care and socioeconomic contexts.
目的:本报告总结了尼日利亚第一个专门的儿童放射肿瘤学项目的建立和实施情况。该计划旨在改善临床结果,提高专业能力,推进区域研究和方案制定。方法和材料:主要考虑因素包括专业发展和能力建设,促进多学科交流和实践,以及结合技术来改进交流和数据管理。区域和国际合作在解决这些问题和确保项目成功方面发挥了重要作用。该计划遇到了挑战,包括招募团队成员困难,治疗放弃率高,临床和病理信息的差距,以及诊断测试能力的不足。结果:尼日利亚这个开创性的儿童放射肿瘤学单位是由一个多学科团队组成的,包括放射肿瘤学家、医学物理学家、放射治疗技术专家、护士、实习医生和一名专门的研究助理。该设施配备了3个线性加速器,能够提供先进的适形三维放射治疗,如强度调制(IMRT)和体积调制弧放射治疗(VMAT)。在4年的时间里,该项目接受了210名儿科转诊,其中55.7%接受了放射治疗。创新、因地制宜、可行和可持续的解决方案是应对该地区独特挑战的必要条件。结论:本报告详细介绍了在撒哈拉以南非洲开展儿童放射治疗项目的建立过程、取得的成就以及克服常见障碍所采用的策略,旨在为具有类似卫生保健和社会经济背景的地区推进儿童放射肿瘤学实践提供可复制的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Radiation Therapy Without Anesthesia for a 7-Month-Old Child Using Audio-Visual Assisted Therapeutic Ambience in Radiation Therapy (AVATAR) 视听辅助氛围放射治疗(AVATAR) 7个月大儿童无麻醉放射治疗
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102002
Andrada Turcas MD, PhD , Agnes Ewongwo MD, MPH , Lawrie Skinner PhD , Oana Diaconu MSc , Vlad Coltea MD , Andrada Marosan BSc , Larisa Gheorghica BSc , Anca Vancea BSc , Crina Aczberger BSc , Elena Savu MD , Emilia Mihut MD, PhD , Jonathan Muddle BA, MLT , Billy W. Loo MD, PhD , Larry Frye MBA , Sarah S. Donaldson MD , Susan M. Hiniker MD
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引用次数: 0
A Smartphone-Based Motion Monitoring System for Surface Guided Radiation Therapy 基于智能手机的表面引导放射治疗运动监测系统
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101970
Dante P.I. Capaldi PhD , Emily Hirata PhD , Alon Witztum PhD , Evan Porter PhD , Amy S. Yu PhD , Lawrie B. Skinner PhD , Steve E. Braunstein MD, PhD , Olivier Morin PhD , Nicolas D. Prionas MD, PhD

Purpose

Surface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) improves patient setup and motion monitoring, particularly for deep-inspiratory breath-hold (DIBH) maneuvers in left-sided breast cancer treatment. However, high costs and complexity limit widespread adoption, especially in low-resource settings. In this study, the purpose is to develop and validate a smartphone-based iOS SGRT application (iSGRT) leveraging Light-Detection-and-Ranging (LiDAR) sensors on smartphone-devices for accurate, low-cost surface tracking for radiation therapy.

Methods and Materials

iSGRT was developed in Xcode using Swift and Open3D, and captures 6-degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) motion for patient positioning and respiratory monitoring. Application was tested using the LiDAR camera on an Apple iPhone 15 Pro, with an Apple iPad Pro for remote monitoring. The system achieved a temporal resolution of ∼200 to 250 ms (4-5 Hz), comparable to clinical SGRT systems. Static accuracy was evaluated by comparing LiDAR-derived displacements with programmed couch movements on a Varian TrueBeam with a PerfectPitch 6DoF couch. Dynamic accuracy was assessed using a QUASAR respiratory motion phantom programmed with sinusoidal and patient-derived breathing waveforms. Motion tracking performance was analyzed using Pearson correlations and Bland–Altman agreement using GraphPad Prism. iSGRT was compared with SDX spirometry system in a healthy volunteer performing DIBH within the bore of a Varian Halcyon.

Results

iSGRT demonstrated strong correlations with couch displacements across all translational (≥ 0.995) and rotational ( ≥ 0.975) axes, with minimal biases (≤0.9 mm, ≤0.4°). Dynamic motion evaluation showed high agreement between the application and ground-truth phantom motion ( ≥ 0.963), with minimal angular dependence on displacement accuracy ( ≥ 0.950). Breath-hold duration was comparable in the healthy volunteer between systems (ΔDIBH = DIBHSDX − DIBHiSGRT = 33.34seconds − 33.31 seconds = 0.03 seconds).

Conclusions

Feasibility of an iOS smartphone-based SGRT application to provide real-time respiratory motion is demonstrated in this study as a viable alternative motion monitoring system. The iSGRT application’s accuracy aligns with existing clinical SGRT systems while significantly reducing cost and complexity. This technology has the potential to expand SGRT accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings.
表面引导放射治疗(SGRT)改善了患者的设置和运动监测,特别是在左侧乳腺癌治疗中的深吸气屏气(DIBH)操作。然而,高成本和复杂性限制了广泛采用,特别是在资源匮乏的环境中。在本研究中,目的是开发和验证基于智能手机的iOS SGRT应用程序(iSGRT),利用智能手机设备上的光探测和测距(LiDAR)传感器进行精确、低成本的放射治疗表面跟踪。使用Swift和Open3D在Xcode中开发sisgrt,并捕获6自由度(6DoF)运动,用于患者定位和呼吸监测。应用程序使用苹果iPhone 15 Pro上的激光雷达摄像头进行测试,并使用苹果iPad Pro进行远程监控。该系统实现了~ 200至250 ms (4-5 Hz)的时间分辨率,与临床SGRT系统相当。通过比较激光雷达获得的位移和瓦里安TrueBeam的编程沙发运动来评估静态精度,TrueBeam带有PerfectPitch 6DoF沙发。动态准确性评估使用类星体呼吸运动模拟程序与正弦和患者衍生的呼吸波形。使用GraphPad Prism使用Pearson相关性和Bland-Altman协议分析运动跟踪性能。将iSGRT与SDX肺活量测定系统在一名在瓦里安Halcyon内径内进行DIBH的健康志愿者中进行比较。结果isgrt与沙发位移在所有平移(r²≥0.995)和旋转(r²≥0.975)轴上具有很强的相关性,偏差最小(≤0.9 mm,≤0.4°)。动态运动评价结果表明,应用程序与地真幻体运动高度吻合(r²≥0.963),对位移精度的角依赖性最小(r²≥0.950)。不同系统间健康志愿者的屏气时间具有可比性(ΔDIBH = DIBHSDX−DIBHiSGRT = 33.34秒−33.31秒= 0.03秒)。结论基于iOS智能手机的SGRT应用程序提供实时呼吸运动的可行性在本研究中被证明是一种可行的替代运动监测系统。iSGRT应用程序的准确性与现有的临床SGRT系统一致,同时显着降低了成本和复杂性。这项技术有可能扩大SGRT的可及性,特别是在资源有限的环境中。
{"title":"A Smartphone-Based Motion Monitoring System for Surface Guided Radiation Therapy","authors":"Dante P.I. Capaldi PhD ,&nbsp;Emily Hirata PhD ,&nbsp;Alon Witztum PhD ,&nbsp;Evan Porter PhD ,&nbsp;Amy S. Yu PhD ,&nbsp;Lawrie B. Skinner PhD ,&nbsp;Steve E. Braunstein MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Olivier Morin PhD ,&nbsp;Nicolas D. Prionas MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2025.101970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2025.101970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Surface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) improves patient setup and motion monitoring, particularly for deep-inspiratory breath-hold (DIBH) maneuvers in left-sided breast cancer treatment. However, high costs and complexity limit widespread adoption, especially in low-resource settings. In this study, the purpose is to develop and validate a smartphone-based iOS SGRT application (iSGRT) leveraging Light-Detection-and-Ranging (LiDAR) sensors on smartphone-devices for accurate, low-cost surface tracking for radiation therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><div>iSGRT was developed in Xcode using Swift and Open3D, and captures 6-degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) motion for patient positioning and respiratory monitoring. Application was tested using the LiDAR camera on an Apple iPhone 15 Pro, with an Apple iPad Pro for remote monitoring. The system achieved a temporal resolution of ∼200 to 250 ms (4-5 Hz), comparable to clinical SGRT systems. Static accuracy was evaluated by comparing LiDAR-derived displacements with programmed couch movements on a Varian TrueBeam with a PerfectPitch 6DoF couch. Dynamic accuracy was assessed using a QUASAR respiratory motion phantom programmed with sinusoidal and patient-derived breathing waveforms. Motion tracking performance was analyzed using Pearson correlations and Bland–Altman agreement using GraphPad Prism. iSGRT was compared with SDX spirometry system in a healthy volunteer performing DIBH within the bore of a Varian Halcyon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>iSGRT demonstrated strong correlations with couch displacements across all translational (<em>r²</em>≥ 0.995) and rotational (<em>r²</em> ≥ 0.975) axes, with minimal biases (≤0.9 mm, ≤0.4°). Dynamic motion evaluation showed high agreement between the application and ground-truth phantom motion (<em>r²</em> ≥ 0.963), with minimal angular dependence on displacement accuracy (<em>r²</em> ≥ 0.950). Breath-hold duration was comparable in the healthy volunteer between systems (ΔDIBH = DIBH<sub>SDX</sub> − DIBH<sub>iSGRT</sub> = 33.34seconds − 33.31 seconds = 0.03 seconds).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Feasibility of an iOS smartphone-based SGRT application to provide real-time respiratory motion is demonstrated in this study as a viable alternative motion monitoring system. The iSGRT application’s accuracy aligns with existing clinical SGRT systems while significantly reducing cost and complexity. This technology has the potential to expand SGRT accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"11 3","pages":"Article 101970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual Toxicity After Chemoradiation for Anal Cancer Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Mixed-Methods Analysis 与男性发生性关系的男性肛门癌放化疗后的性毒性:一项混合方法分析
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101983
Beck O. Gold BS , Angie Arzola PA-C , Benjamin R. Schrank MD, PhD , Van K. Morris MD , Christophe Marques MD, PhD , Jaime Gilliland MA , Thomas M. Atkinson PhD , Emma B. Holliday MD

Purpose

Chemoradiation (CRT) is the standard of treatment for localized anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA). Although cure rates are high, acute and late toxicities are common. There are increasing published data regarding vaginal stenosis and erectile dysfunction; however, the nature and impact of holistic sexual dysfunction after pelvic radiation, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM), remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to: (1) explore patient-reported sexual health outcomes among MSM as measured by existing patient-reported outcome tools, and (2) assess the applicability of these existing tools for this population.

Methods and Materials

MSM who are at least 6 months out from completion of CRT for SCCA were recruited via fliers and online platforms. Participants completed a sexual patient-reported outcome questionnaire that included previously validated instruments assessing symptom burden, sexual function and satisfaction, erectile function, and pain with receptive anal intercourse. This was followed by a semistructured interview. Descriptive statistics were used to report demographics and survey data. McNemar’s test compared sexual activities pre- and post-CRT. Interview data were thematically analyzed using inductive coding.

Results

Of the 23 participants who completed the questionnaire, 19 completed an interview. The median (IQR) time since completing CRT was 3.1 (1.2-4.8) years. Approximately half (N = 11) had moderate to severe erectile dysfunction (median International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF-5] = 12; IQR, 6-20). Since completing treatment, 9 (39.1%) had attempted receptive anal penetration. Of those who had attempted receptive anal penetration, 66.7% experienced pain, and an equal percentage reported moderate-severe distress and interpersonal/relationship difficulty as a result. In general, patients reported participating in fewer sexual activities after CRT. Emergent themes from interviews included the need for patient education, the interplay between other radiation side effects and sexual side effects, and positive reactions to the survey measures.

Conclusions

Sexual dysfunction is common among MSM following CRT for SCCA. Erectile dysfunction and/or pain with receptive anal intercourse often lead to distress and interpersonal relationship challenges. Improved patient education and targeted interventions are needed to support sexual function and quality of life in this population.
目的放血治疗是局限性肛门鳞状细胞癌(SCCA)的标准治疗方法。虽然治愈率很高,但急性和晚期毒性是常见的。关于阴道狭窄和勃起功能障碍的公开数据越来越多;然而,盆腔放疗后整体性功能障碍的性质和影响,特别是对男男性行为者(MSM)的影响,仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在:(1)探索现有的患者报告结果工具对MSM患者报告性健康结果的测量,以及(2)评估这些现有工具对该人群的适用性。方法与材料通过传单和网络平台招募完成SCCA CRT至少6个月的smsm。参与者完成了一份性患者报告的结果问卷,其中包括先前验证的评估症状负担、性功能和满意度、勃起功能和接受性肛交疼痛的工具。接下来是一个半结构化的面试。描述性统计用于报告人口统计和调查数据。McNemar的测试比较了crt前后的性行为。采用归纳编码对访谈数据进行主题分析。结果在完成问卷调查的23名参与者中,有19人完成了访谈。完成CRT后的中位(IQR)时间为3.1(1.2-4.8)年。大约一半(N = 11)患有中度至重度勃起功能障碍(国际勃起功能指数[IIEF-5]中位数= 12;IQR, 6-20)。完成治疗后,9例(39.1%)曾尝试接受性肛插入。在那些尝试接受性肛门插入的人中,66.7%的人经历了疼痛,同样比例的人报告了中度至重度的痛苦和人际关系困难。一般来说,患者报告在CRT后参与性活动减少。访谈中出现的主题包括患者教育的必要性,其他辐射副作用与性副作用之间的相互作用,以及对调查措施的积极反应。结论SCCA CRT术后男男性男性患者存在性功能障碍。勃起功能障碍和/或接受性肛交疼痛常导致痛苦和人际关系挑战。需要改进患者教育和有针对性的干预措施来支持这一人群的性功能和生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy Combined With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor in the Treatment of Giant Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report 空间分割放疗联合免疫检查点抑制剂和血管内皮生长因子抑制剂治疗巨大转移性肝细胞癌1例报告
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101973
Yue Jin MD, Liwen Qian MD, Yanjun Gu MD, Benxing Gu MD, Chong Shen MD, Xiaonan Sun PhD
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引用次数: 0
Historical Review of the Role of Indirect Cell Death in High-Dose Per Fraction Radiation Therapy 高剂量/分数放射治疗中间接细胞死亡作用的历史回顾
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101971
Chang W. Song PhD , Lindsey Sloan MD, PhD , Stephanie Terezakis MD , Kyungmi Yang MD , Robert J. Griffin PhD

Purpose

This study aims to elaborate and further establish that indirect cell death secondary to vascular injury and stimulation of antitumor immunity plays a role in the tumor response to high-dose per fraction radiation therapy.

Methods and Materials

We reviewed literature available from the National Library of Medicine on the indirect death of tumor cells caused by high-dose per fraction irradiation in experimental tumors and human tumors. We then examined the implications of indirect/additional cell death in applying the LQ (Linear Quadratic) model for high-dose per fraction radiation therapy of human tumors.

Results

We found that numerous preclinical and clinical studies reported over the last 100 years clearly indicated that high-dose per fraction radiation therapy induces indirect tumor cell death by causing vascular damage and stimulating the immune system to varying degrees. On the other hand, a handful of studies have been reported that failed to observe significant indirect tumor cell death after high-dose per fraction irradiation. The LQ and associated models may be applicable to certain clinical situations, yet the inherent flaw of the LQ model overestimating cell death as the fraction dose increases is likely accommodated by the additional amount of indirect tumor cell death that occurs at these higher doses. Furthermore, the indirect effects of immune system stimulation are not accounted for by the LQ or other models.

Conclusions

Indirect tumor cell death due to tumor vascular injury from radiation exposure has been observed over the last ∼100 years. Vascular damage as well as stimulation of antitumor immunity contribute significantly to the response of tumors to many, if not all, high-dose per fraction radiation therapy regimens.
目的本研究旨在阐述和进一步证实血管损伤后的间接细胞死亡和抗肿瘤免疫刺激在肿瘤对高剂量/分数放射治疗的反应中起作用。方法和材料我们查阅了美国国家医学图书馆关于高剂量/分数照射在实验肿瘤和人类肿瘤中引起的肿瘤细胞间接死亡的文献。然后,我们研究了应用LQ(线性二次)模型进行高剂量/分数放射治疗人类肿瘤时间接/额外细胞死亡的影响。结果我们发现,在过去的100年里,大量的临床前和临床研究报告清楚地表明,高剂量/分数放射治疗通过引起血管损伤和不同程度地刺激免疫系统诱导间接肿瘤细胞死亡。另一方面,据报道,少数研究未能观察到高剂量/分数照射后显著的间接肿瘤细胞死亡。LQ和相关模型可能适用于某些临床情况,但LQ模型固有的缺陷是,随着分数剂量的增加,LQ模型高估了细胞死亡,这可能是由于在这些较高剂量下发生的间接肿瘤细胞死亡的额外数量所弥补的。此外,免疫系统刺激的间接影响并没有被LQ或其他模型所解释。结论在过去的100年里,已经观察到肿瘤血管损伤导致的肿瘤细胞直接死亡。血管损伤以及抗肿瘤免疫的刺激对肿瘤对许多(如果不是全部的话)高剂量/分数放射治疗方案的反应有重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Successful First-Attempt Prostate Cancer Computed Tomography Simulation: A Prospective Cohort Study 首次前列腺癌计算机断层扫描模拟成功的预测因素:一项前瞻性队列研究
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101967
Karishma George MD , Demetra Yannitsos MSc , Ashok Natarajan BSc , Siwei Qi MSc , Jackson Wu MD , Lisa Barbera BSc, MD, MPA, FRCPC

Purpose

Successful computed tomography (CT) simulation in prostate cancer radiation therapy relies on consistent bowel and bladder preparation. This study aimed to determine the first-attempt CT simulation success rate and identify factors associated with a successful simulation.

Methods and Materials

This single-institution, prospective cohort study recruited patients with prostate cancer undergoing CT simulation for pelvic radiation. We abstracted the success of CT simulation on the first attempt, the number of scan attempts in a single visit, the reason for failed attempt(s), and the frequency of rescheduled appointments. Patients completed a survey regarding their preparation experiences, demographic data, and patient-reported outcomes. The primary outcome was a successful first-attempt CT scan. A generalized estimating equation model evaluated factors associated with successful first scan, including age, CT appointment time, American Urological Association urinary symptom scores, constipation, diarrhea, and instruction format. Additionally, qualitative analysis of open-text patient feedback explored barriers to effective preparation.

Results

Among 247 patients, 31.2% had a successful first-attempt CT simulation, while 52.2% required multiple attempts on the same day, and 16.6% needed rescheduling. Bladder and bowel issues contributed to 30.8% and 22.7% of failed attempts, respectively. Patients who received both verbal and written instructions were significantly more likely to succeed (adjusted odds ratio 1.82, P = .01) compared to verbal instructions alone. Qualitative analysis of 118 patient comments revealed common barriers, including unclear preparation instructions (23.7%), difficulty timing bowel movements (10.2%), and confusion about expectations (14.4%).

Conclusions

Low CT simulation success rates emphasize the need for improved patient preparation strategies. Multimodal education significantly enhanced success rates. Addressing communication methods and, refining preparation protocols should reduce rescans, and optimize workflows.
目的:在前列腺癌放射治疗中成功的计算机断层扫描(CT)模拟依赖于一致的肠道和膀胱准备。本研究旨在确定首次尝试CT模拟的成功率,并确定成功模拟的相关因素。方法和材料这项单机构、前瞻性队列研究招募了接受CT模拟骨盆放射治疗的前列腺癌患者。我们提取了第一次尝试CT模拟的成功、单次访问中扫描尝试的次数、尝试失败的原因以及重新安排预约的频率。患者完成了一项关于其准备经验、人口统计数据和患者报告结果的调查。主要结果是首次CT扫描成功。一个广义估计方程模型评估了与首次扫描成功相关的因素,包括年龄、CT预约时间、美国泌尿学会泌尿症状评分、便秘、腹泻和指导格式。此外,对开放文本患者反馈的定性分析探讨了有效准备的障碍。结果247例患者中,31.2%的患者首次CT模拟成功,52.2%的患者需要在同一天进行多次CT模拟,16.6%的患者需要重新安排CT模拟。膀胱和肠道问题分别占尝试失败的30.8%和22.7%。与单独接受口头指导相比,同时接受口头和书面指导的患者更有可能成功(调整后的优势比为1.82,P = 0.01)。对118例患者评论的定性分析揭示了常见的障碍,包括制备说明不清楚(23.7%),排便时间困难(10.2%)和对期望的混淆(14.4%)。结论缓慢的CT模拟成功率强调了改进患者准备策略的必要性。多模式教育显著提高了成功率。解决通信方法和完善准备协议应减少扫描,并优化工作流程。
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引用次数: 0
In Regard to Huang et al 关于黄等人
IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2025.101955
Ilker Sengul MD , Demet Sengul MD
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Advances in Radiation Oncology
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