Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100100
Tobia S. Jones, Anne M.C. Loeber
From sustainability and justice perspectives, food systems and R&I systems need transformation. Participatory action research (PAR) presents a suitable approach as it enables collaboration between those affected by a social issue and researchers based in universities to co-create knowledge and interventionist actions. However, PAR is often misconstrued even within projects calling for civil society actors to act as full partners in research. To avoid reproducing the very structures and practices in need of transformation, this paper argues for university researchers to team up with members of food movements to engage in ‘liberatory’ forms of PAR. The question is how liberatory PAR's guiding concepts of reciprocal participation, critical recovery and systemic devolution can be enacted in projects that did not start out as PAR projects. Two EU-funded projects on food system transformation serve as a basis to answer this question, generating concrete recommendations for establishing co-creative, mutually liberating, and transdisciplinary research collectives.
从可持续性和公正的角度来看，粮食系统和研究与创新系统需要转型。参与式行动研究（PAR）是一种合适的方法，因为它能使受社会问题影响的人与大学研究人员合作，共同创造知识和采取干预行动。然而，即使在呼吁民间社会行动者作为正式合作伙伴参与研究的项目中，参与式行动研究也常常被误解。为了避免重复需要变革的结构和实践，本文主张大学研究人员与粮食运动成员合作，参与 "解放 "形式的 PAR。问题是，解放性 PAR 的互惠参与、批判性恢复和系统下放等指导理念如何在并非以 PAR 项目起步的项目中得到贯彻。欧盟资助的两个粮食系统转型项目是回答这个问题的基础，它们为建立共同创造、相互解放和跨学科的研究集体提出了具体建议。
{"title":"Towards a critical recovery of liberatory PAR for food system transformations: Struggles and strategies in collaborating with radical and progressive food movements in EU-funded R&I projects","authors":"Tobia S. Jones, Anne M.C. Loeber","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From sustainability and justice perspectives, food systems and R&I systems need transformation. Participatory action research (PAR) presents a suitable approach as it enables collaboration between those affected by a social issue and researchers based in universities to co-create knowledge and interventionist actions. However, PAR is often misconstrued even within projects calling for civil society actors to act as full partners in research. To avoid reproducing the very structures and practices in need of transformation, this paper argues for university researchers to team up with members of food movements to engage in ‘liberatory’ forms of PAR. The question is how liberatory PAR's guiding concepts of reciprocal participation, critical recovery and systemic devolution can be enacted in projects that did not start out as PAR projects. Two EU-funded projects on food system transformation serve as a basis to answer this question, generating concrete recommendations for establishing co-creative, mutually liberating, and transdisciplinary research collectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100098
Joost Mollen
Testing emerging technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, predictive crime analytics, and smart city interventions under real-world conditions is an important strategy for robust and responsible technology development. However, the moral responsibilities of researchers towards the public when conducting such real-world experiments are often left unaddressed and unregulated. This article argues that there are problematic inconsistencies in research ethics demands and protections across different categories of research and development with emerging digital technologies. This differential treatment is problematic since there are no meaningful differences to justify it, and it creates the possibility of regulatory evasion at the cost of populations’ due protection. Hence, I argue that this differential treatment should be amended by harmonizing research ethics demands. In doing so, this paper contributes to several ongoing scholarly debates on the limits of current research ethics guidelines and protocols in the face of novel technologies and research formats.
{"title":"Towards a research ethics of real-world experimentation with emerging technology","authors":"Joost Mollen","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Testing emerging technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, predictive crime analytics, and smart city interventions under real-world conditions is an important strategy for robust and responsible technology development. However, the moral responsibilities of researchers towards the public when conducting such real-world experiments are often left unaddressed and unregulated. This article argues that there are problematic inconsistencies in research ethics demands and protections across different categories of research and development with emerging digital technologies. This differential treatment is problematic since there are no meaningful differences to justify it, and it creates the possibility of regulatory evasion at the cost of populations’ due protection. Hence, I argue that this differential treatment should be amended by harmonizing research ethics demands. In doing so, this paper contributes to several ongoing scholarly debates on the limits of current research ethics guidelines and protocols in the face of novel technologies and research formats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100097
Javier Guerrero-C , Nomtika Mjwana , Sebastian Leon-Giraldo , Sara L.M. Davis
In this paper we reflect on our experience with applying Transnational Participatory Action Research (TPAR) to a multi-country study of digital health and human rights of young adults living with and affected by HIV in five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and identify some lessons learned for future projects. First, we propose a definition of TPAR based on our experience and our analysis of power in the project. We present an overview of the research design and implementation, which melded diverse working cultures and research methods. Next, we describe how we adapted outputs, working methods and terminology to meet the diverse and specific needs of civil society organizations, community-led networks and academics working in diverse national and transnational spaces. This required us to understand and adapt to the different temporalities at play. The creation of brave spaces and the development of an intersectional lens were key to addressing tensions that naturally emerged in our collaboration. Finally, we summarize lessons learns and challenges for the next stage of the project.
{"title":"Brave global spaces: Researching digital health and human rights through transnational participatory action research","authors":"Javier Guerrero-C , Nomtika Mjwana , Sebastian Leon-Giraldo , Sara L.M. Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we reflect on our experience with applying Transnational Participatory Action Research (TPAR) to a multi-country study of digital health and human rights of young adults living with and affected by HIV in five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and identify some lessons learned for future projects. First, we propose a definition of TPAR based on our experience and our analysis of power in the project. We present an overview of the research design and implementation, which melded diverse working cultures and research methods. Next, we describe how we adapted outputs, working methods and terminology to meet the diverse and specific needs of civil society organizations, community-led networks and academics working in diverse national and transnational spaces. This required us to understand and adapt to the different temporalities at play. The creation of brave spaces and the development of an intersectional lens were key to addressing tensions that naturally emerged in our collaboration. Finally, we summarize lessons learns and challenges for the next stage of the project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100094
Mark Ryan , Eugen Popa , Vincent Blok , Andrea Declich , Maresa Berliri , Alfonso Alfonsi , Simeon Veloudis , Natalia Costanzo , Martina Iannuzzi
This paper explores the gap in the literature on social responsibility guidance for start-ups and start-up investors. It begins by evaluating research conducted in two different fields (namely, socially responsible investment (SRI) and responsible research and innovation (RRI)) and how they can guide social responsibility in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) start-ups. To do this, we evaluate an industry-standard SRI catalogue of metrics - the Global Impact Investing Network's (GIIN) Impact Reporting and Investment Standards (IRIS+) - and indicators from 12 EC-funded RRI projects. Based on this analysis, we propose a framework of 24 indicators to assess the social responsibility of start-ups and investors. The purpose of our framework is twofold: firstly, to provide clear guidance for start-ups aiming to implement socially responsible behaviours, and secondly, to provide start-up investors with criteria to identify if start-ups are socially responsible. While the indicators are phrased in a prescriptive way for start-ups, they can also be used by investors to identify if start-ups are implementing the indicators in practice.
{"title":"Start doing the right thing: Indicators for socially responsible start-ups and investors","authors":"Mark Ryan , Eugen Popa , Vincent Blok , Andrea Declich , Maresa Berliri , Alfonso Alfonsi , Simeon Veloudis , Natalia Costanzo , Martina Iannuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the gap in the literature on social responsibility guidance for start-ups and start-up investors. It begins by evaluating research conducted in two different fields (namely, socially responsible investment (SRI) and responsible research and innovation (RRI)) and how they can guide social responsibility in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) start-ups. To do this, we evaluate an industry-standard SRI catalogue of metrics - the Global Impact Investing Network's (GIIN) <em>Impact Reporting and Investment Standards</em> (IRIS+) - and indicators from 12 EC-funded RRI projects. Based on this analysis, we propose a framework of 24 indicators to assess the social responsibility of start-ups and investors. The purpose of our framework is twofold: firstly, to provide clear guidance for start-ups aiming to implement socially responsible behaviours, and secondly, to provide start-up investors with criteria to identify if start-ups are socially responsible. While the indicators are phrased in a prescriptive way for start-ups, they can also be used by investors to identify if start-ups are implementing the indicators in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100095
Maria Schrammel, ilse Marschalek
In response to the challenges posed by the complex field of food safety, the FOODSAFETY4EU project established four social labs conducting multi-actor co-creation processes. These labs served as platforms for developing and piloting innovative ideas aimed at addressing these challenges. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the lab process, typically held in-person, had to be converted to the virtual space. This means that all workshops, meetings, and collaboration processes and pilot activities solely took place online. This resulted in the novel situation of teams collaborating virtually throughout the entire social lab processes. Virtual collaborations were already on the rise before the pandemic, evidenced by an increase in virtual meetings and workshops. This study examines the requirements and challenges for effective team collaboration in virtual social lab processes. It investigates virtual collaboration, team dynamics, and the use of online tools. Findings reveal advantages such as increased participation, but also drawbacks including technical issues and role accountability. Despite challenges, all four virtual social labs finally succeeded in engaging diverse stakeholders and achieving significant outcomes addressing food safety challenges.
{"title":"Virtual Social Labs – Requirements and Challenges for Effective Team Collaboration","authors":"Maria Schrammel, ilse Marschalek","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the challenges posed by the complex field of food safety, the FOODSAFETY4EU project established four social labs conducting multi-actor co-creation processes. These labs served as platforms for developing and piloting innovative ideas aimed at addressing these challenges. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the lab process, typically held in-person, had to be converted to the virtual space. This means that all workshops, meetings, and collaboration processes and pilot activities solely took place online. This resulted in the novel situation of teams collaborating virtually throughout the entire social lab processes. Virtual collaborations were already on the rise before the pandemic, evidenced by an increase in virtual meetings and workshops. This study examines the requirements and challenges for effective team collaboration in virtual social lab processes. It investigates virtual collaboration, team dynamics, and the use of online tools. Findings reveal advantages such as increased participation, but also drawbacks including technical issues and role accountability. Despite challenges, all four virtual social labs finally succeeded in engaging diverse stakeholders and achieving significant outcomes addressing food safety challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100093
Virginia Portillo , Liz Dowthwaite , Helen Creswick , Elvira Pérez Vallejos , Carolyn Ten Holter , Ansgar Koene , Marina Jirotka , Jun Zhao
This paper reports on a qualitative research study that explored the practical and emotional experiences of young people aged 13–17 using algorithmically-mediated online platforms. It demonstrates an RI-based methodology for responsible two-way dialogue with the public, through listening to young people's needs and responding to their concerns. Participants discussed in detail how online algorithms work, enabling the young people to reflect, question, and develop their own critiques on issues related to the use of internet technologies. The paper closes with action areas from the young people for a fairer, usefully transparent and more responsible online environment. These actions include a desire to be informed about what data (both personal and situational) is collected and how, and who uses it and why, and policy recommendations for meaningful algorithmic transparency and accountability. Finally, participants claimed that whilst transparency is an important first principle, they also need more control over how platforms use the information they collect from users, including more regulation to ensure transparency is both meaningful and sustained.
本文报告了一项定性研究，该研究探索了 13-17 岁青少年使用以算法为中介的在线平台的实际和情感体验。它展示了一种基于 RI 的方法，通过倾听年轻人的需求和回应他们的关切，与公众进行负责任的双向对话。参与者详细讨论了网络算法的工作原理，使年轻人能够对与互联网技术使用相关的问题进行反思、质疑并提出自己的批评意见。本文最后提出了年轻人为建立一个更公平、更透明、更负责任的网络环境而采取的行动。这些行动包括希望了解哪些数据（包括个人数据和情景数据）被收集、如何收集、谁在使用这些数据、为什么使用，以及关于有意义的算法透明度和问责制的政策建议。最后，与会者声称，虽然透明度是一项重要的首要原则，但他们也需要对平台如何使用从用户那里收集的信息有更多的控制，包括更多的监管，以确保透明度既有意义又可持续。
{"title":"A call to action: Designing a more transparent online world for children and young people","authors":"Virginia Portillo , Liz Dowthwaite , Helen Creswick , Elvira Pérez Vallejos , Carolyn Ten Holter , Ansgar Koene , Marina Jirotka , Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports on a qualitative research study that explored the practical and emotional experiences of young people aged 13–17 using algorithmically-mediated online platforms. It demonstrates an RI-based methodology for responsible two-way dialogue with the public, through listening to young people's needs and responding to their concerns. Participants discussed in detail how online algorithms work, enabling the young people to reflect, question, and develop their own critiques on issues related to the use of internet technologies. The paper closes with action areas from the young people for a fairer, usefully transparent and more responsible online environment. These actions include a desire to be informed about what data (both personal and situational) is collected and how, and who uses it and why, and policy recommendations for meaningful algorithmic transparency and accountability. Finally, participants claimed that whilst transparency is an important first principle, they also need more control over how platforms use the information they collect from users, including more regulation to ensure transparency is both meaningful and sustained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666659624000192/pdfft?md5=e8823953ad735110aa03c82787c93158&pid=1-s2.0-S2666659624000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100091
Dirk R.M. Lukkien , Henk Herman Nap , Minke ter Stal , Wouter P.C. Boon , Alexander Peine , Mirella M.N. Minkman , Ellen H.M. Moors
The Responsible Innovation (RI) approach aims to transform research and development (R&D) into being more anticipatory, inclusive, reflective, and responsive. This study highlights the challenges of embedding RI in R&D practices. We fostered collective learning on RI in a socially assistive robot development project through applying participatory action research (PAR). In the PAR, we employed a mixed-methods approach, combining interviews, workshops, and online questionnaires, to collectively explore opportunities for RI, and elicit team member perceptions, opinions, and beliefs about RI. Our PAR led to some modest yet purposeful, deliberate efforts to address particular concerns regarding, for instance, privacy, control, and energy consumption. However, we also found that the embedding of RI in R&D practices can be hampered by four partly interrelated barriers: lack of an action perspective, the noncommittal nature of RI, the misconception that co-design equals RI, and limited integration between different R&D task groups. In this paper, we discuss the implications of these barriers for R&D teams and funding bodies, and we recommend PAR as a solution to address these barriers.
负责任的创新（RI）方法旨在将研究与开发（R&D）转变为更具预见性、包容性、反思性和响应性的方法。本研究强调了在研发实践中嵌入责任创新所面临的挑战。我们通过应用参与式行动研究（PAR），在一个社会辅助机器人开发项目中促进了有关 RI 的集体学习。在参与式行动研究中，我们采用了一种混合方法，将访谈、研讨会和在线问卷调查结合起来，共同探索 RI 的机会，并征求团队成员对 RI 的看法、意见和信念。我们的 PAR 导致了一些适度但有目的的、深思熟虑的努力，以解决诸如隐私、控制和能源消耗等方面的特定问题。不过，我们也发现，在研发实践中嵌入 RI 可能会受到四个部分相互关联的障碍的阻碍：缺乏行动视角、RI 的非承诺性、认为共同设计等于 RI 的误解，以及不同研发任务小组之间有限的整合。在本文中，我们将讨论这些障碍对研发团队和资助机构的影响，并推荐 PAR 作为解决这些障碍的方案。
{"title":"Embedding responsible innovation into R&D practices: A case study of socially assistive robot development","authors":"Dirk R.M. Lukkien , Henk Herman Nap , Minke ter Stal , Wouter P.C. Boon , Alexander Peine , Mirella M.N. Minkman , Ellen H.M. Moors","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Responsible Innovation (RI) approach aims to transform research and development (R&D) into being more anticipatory, inclusive, reflective, and responsive. This study highlights the challenges of embedding RI in R&D practices. We fostered collective learning on RI in a socially assistive robot development project through applying participatory action research (PAR). In the PAR, we employed a mixed-methods approach, combining interviews, workshops, and online questionnaires, to collectively explore opportunities for RI, and elicit team member perceptions, opinions, and beliefs about RI. Our PAR led to some modest yet purposeful, deliberate efforts to address particular concerns regarding, for instance, privacy, control, and energy consumption. However, we also found that the embedding of RI in R&D practices can be hampered by four partly interrelated barriers: lack of an action perspective, the noncommittal nature of RI, the misconception that co-design equals RI, and limited integration between different R&D task groups. In this paper, we discuss the implications of these barriers for R&D teams and funding bodies, and we recommend PAR as a solution to address these barriers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666659624000179/pdfft?md5=4f57f50c76da7b7d23cec3401fba2a9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666659624000179-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141990870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100090
Reilly Smethurst , Amber G. Young , Ariel D. Wigdor
Critical Information Systems (IS) research is sometimes appreciated for the shades of gray it adds to sunny portraits of technology's emancipatory potential. In this article, we revisit a theory about Wikipedia’s putative freedom from the authority of corporate media's editors and authors. We present the curious example of Tim Cook's Wikipedia biography and its history of crowd-sourced editorial decisions, published on Wikipedia's talk pages. We use a hermeneutic method to subject the theory about Wikipedia's “rational discourse” and “emancipatory potential” to a soft, empirical test. When we examined Cook's Wikipedia biography and its editorial decisions, what we found pertained to authoritative discourse – the opposite of “rational discourse” – as well as Jürgen Habermas's concept of dramaturgical action. Our discussion aims to change how critical scholars think about IS's Habermasian theories and emancipatory technology. Our contribution – a critical intervention – is a clear alternative to mainstream IS research's moral prescriptions and mechanistic causes.
批判性信息系统（IS）研究有时因其为技术解放潜力的阳光画卷增添了灰色阴影而备受赞赏。在这篇文章中，我们重新审视了维基百科摆脱企业媒体编辑和作者权威的理论。我们以蒂姆-库克（Tim Cook）的维基百科传记为例，介绍了其在维基百科讨论页上发表的众包编辑决定的历史。我们使用诠释学方法对维基百科的 "理性话语 "和 "解放潜力 "理论进行了软性实证检验。当我们研究库克的维基百科传记及其编辑决定时，我们发现了与 "理性话语 "相反的权威话语，以及于尔根-哈贝马斯的戏剧化行动概念。我们的讨论旨在改变批判学者对 IS 的哈贝马斯理论和解放技术的思考方式。我们的贡献--批判性的干预--是对主流信息系统研究的道德规定和机械论原因的明确替代。
{"title":"Jürgen Habermas revisited via Tim Cook's Wikipedia biography: A hermeneutic approach to critical Information Systems research","authors":"Reilly Smethurst , Amber G. Young , Ariel D. Wigdor","doi":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical Information Systems (IS) research is sometimes appreciated for the shades of gray it adds to sunny portraits of technology's emancipatory potential. In this article, we revisit a theory about Wikipedia’s putative freedom from the authority of corporate media's editors and authors. We present the curious example of Tim Cook's Wikipedia biography and its history of crowd-sourced editorial decisions, published on Wikipedia's talk pages. We use a hermeneutic method to subject the theory about Wikipedia's “rational discourse” and “emancipatory potential” to a soft, empirical test. When we examined Cook's Wikipedia biography and its editorial decisions, what we found pertained to authoritative discourse – the opposite of “rational discourse” – as well as Jürgen Habermas's concept of dramaturgical action. Our discussion aims to change how critical scholars think about IS's Habermasian theories and emancipatory technology. Our contribution – a critical intervention – is a clear alternative to mainstream IS research's moral prescriptions and mechanistic causes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of responsible technology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666659624000167/pdfft?md5=d36142a2d3fc5a0c1844cf9be7f0ce77&pid=1-s2.0-S2666659624000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jrt.2024.100089
Elena Beretta , Cristina Voto , Elena Rozera
Automated Facial Analysis technologies, predominantly used for facial detection and recognition, have garnered significant attention in recent years. Although these technologies have seen advancements and widespread adoption, biases embedded within systems have raised ethical concerns. This research aims to delve into the disparities of Automatic Gender Recognition systems (AGRs), particularly their oversimplification of gender identities through a binary lens. Such a reductionist perspective is known to marginalize and misgender individuals. This study set out to investigate the alignment of an individual's gender identity and its expression through the face with societal norms, and the perceived difference between misgendering experiences from machines versus humans. Insights were gathered through an online survey, utilizing an AGR system to simulate misgendering experiences. The overarching goal is to shed light on gender identity nuances and guide the creation of more ethically responsible and inclusive facial recognition software.
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