Journal of the history of dentistry最新文献

This review explores dental care in the British West Indies (later termed the Commonwealth Caribbean) during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Information on dental care is limited for this region at that time. First-hand accounts of dentists who visited and worked in the region, newspaper items and documentation of the early steps towards dental laws and regulation in some territories provide some insights. Dentistry in the region was influenced by international developments in the profession and visiting dentists, particularly from the United States of America and United Kingdom, where dental training, qualifications and laws pertaining to registration and regulation were being established, along with advances in techniques and materials. These developments continued into the late colonial and post-colonial period leading eventually to the establishment of dental schools and locally qualified dentists in the region.

In the late 1980s renowned linguist and wordsmith, Richard Lederer (The Verbivore), gave up his classroom teaching duties at the St. Paul School in New Hampshire after 27 years. His first book, Anguished English, (Fig. 1) was published at that time.¹ Some dental communications also can be anguishing. This editorial exposes some common examples of unnecessary attributions or language abuses in our profession.^2,3 For example with attributions, when original sources are not identified either by accident, laziness in seeking them, or purposefully, the historical background of a subject becomes muddled and original contributions can be lost to the knowledge of current observers. Reviewers and editors of journals submissions face such intellectual sloppiness or deceit, all too often.

Linda Goldman started out with a wish to study English or law but instead went to dental school. However later in life, through a series of interesting 'hobby' studies, she slowly gravitated to law. As a result, she qualified as a lawyer and became a successful barrister, the senior legal profession. In that role she represented many dentists as well as others. It shows how, rather than following a dream, it is possible to create one.

In Japan, during the Edo period (1603-1868), syphilis was widespread, and many people were left with missing noses. Records suggest that expert craftsmen made professional wooden artificial noses (nasal epitheses) for such patients. However, no artificial noses that were actually inserted have been found to date, probably because they corrode after being buried with the body. Therefore, this study attempts to reproduce an artificial nose using the same materials and methods as those used during the period. However, there are no records of how to create artificial noses; therefore, the author inferred this from the creation of wooden plate dentures and Noh masks. Boxwood was used as a wooden plate denture, and the inside of the epithesis was hollowed to reduce weight. The inside could be contaminated by nasal mucus or exudates, which were lacquered with Japanese raw lacquer, similar to Noh masks. The skin surface of the epithesis was colored with Japanese paint and finished with beeswax. The method of fixing nasal epitheses is unknown; however, the author considered the possibility of using a colorless transparent silk thread (tegus) or an adhesive. Nasal epitheses that must have been used during the Edo period can be reproduced without difficulty.

Three Score Years and Nine (1926), written by Dr. C. Edmund Kells, may be considered the lifelong reflective piece of an independently minded dental pioneer, offering insight into an extensive career of invention, innovation, and academic contributions. Despite Kells being recognized for his prominence in dental radiology, his technical and philosophical offerings to the field of endodontics, including a vehement opposition to the pervasive Focal Infection Theory, helped to formulate a foundation for saving teeth for decades to come. In his chapter entitled "The Pulpless Tooth," in which the author describes the root canal procedure at length, Kells provides eleven important conclusions/directives to guide practitioners in their pursuit of tooth retention through root canal treatment. This paper will examine these eleven "High Spots on the Road" in root canal technique through a historical perspective to discover Kells' rationale at the time of writing and to provide perspectives on where the specialty stands today based on this visionary's perspective.

In the late 1800s into the early 1900s, there was a significant awareness of the need for enhance dental hygiene. As in the United States, there appeared in Europe an increase in the number of advertisements promoting various toothpastes and whitening products. With respect to the latter, the use of baking soda and charcoal were common, however toothpaste was still the primary material to clean the teeth, in addition to enhancing the breath, an issue of importance for those focused on their social status. Oral health education was on the rise in this era, as was the professional care offered in the explosion of dental clinics.

Edwina Kidd was the United Kingdom's (UK) first Professor of Cariology. As such she was a trailblazer and her research and teaching were legendary, at home and abroad. As well as lectures she wrote several books. Furthermore, she pushed for more prevention in general practice, and she was a fierce advocate for women dentists' rights.

Dr. Levi Minard's Liniment started out in Canada about 170 years ago, and today, it is still sold by Stella Pharmaceuticals. It has been billed as "The King of Pain" and has been sold across Canada and the United States continually since the late 1800s. The story of Minard's Liniment's development, business history, and use, first as a patent medicine and eventually a long-lasting standard product, is described in this article.

The impact of Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark discoveries and clinical expertise on the practice of implant placement in China is detailed. In 2010, Prof. Brånemark became an honorary professor of the Fourth Military Medical University and donated 962 pieces of his precious artifacts, including various inventions and research equipment used in implant research, to the China Stomatology Museum of the Fourth Military Medical University.

In the late 19th century, Dr. George Augustus Scott (1842-1890), an Anglo-American businessman without formal medical training, capitalized on the public's fascination with electricity by marketing a range of so-called "electric" personal care devices, claiming they could cure ailments such as baldness and toothaches. Although Scott's products, including electric toothbrushes and hairbrushes, were not truly electric, they relied on the era's belief in electricity and magnetism as healing forces. His most intriguing invention, an example described in this paper, "Dr. Scott's Electric Tooth Charmer," was a magnetized teething toy for babies. Dr. Scott's relentless advertising and global reach made him successful, though his devices were eventually exposed as fraudulent. As interest in static magnetism waned, Scott's products fell out of favor.