{"title":"Effect of Synthetic Zeolite on Some Physical Characteristics and Research Octane Number of Final Product Gasoline Sample Produced from Khartoum Refinery in Sudan","authors":"A. Jadallah, Mohamed Ezeldin","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/22788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/22788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77503566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Four Plant Essential Oils from Nigeria against Macrotermes subhyalinus (Rambur)","authors":"H. Awojide, L. Lajide, J. Owolabi","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/24199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/24199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"4 3 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77513426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation was concern to study the removal of methylene blue pollutants from aqueous solution using nano ZnO synthesized from raw materials of zinc oxide. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using adsorption models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The thermodynamic and kinetics parameters were calculated using adsorption process on nano ZnO for the methylene blue solution at different temperatures. It was found that a ZnO at nano level has a very significant adsorption for methylene blue compared to that of raw materials. The results showed that the model isotherms are fitting very well with the experimental data. The specific adsorption percentage of methylene blue was highly affected by addition of nano ZnO and decreasing with temperature compared to that of control sample. It has been found that the adsorption capacity was increased by increasing the methylene blue concentrations, and these values indicated that the methylene blue adsorption onto nano ZnO was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. All values of Gibbs functions were negative with values of -15 and -17 kJmol -1 for temperatures of 293 to 323K, while values of enthalpy and entropy about -33 kJmol -1
{"title":"Adsorption, Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Methylene Blue on Nano Structured ZnO Crystals","authors":"I. Al-Khateeb, M. Mahmood","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25000","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was concern to study the removal of methylene blue pollutants from aqueous solution using nano ZnO synthesized from raw materials of zinc oxide. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using adsorption models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The thermodynamic and kinetics parameters were calculated using adsorption process on nano ZnO for the methylene blue solution at different temperatures. It was found that a ZnO at nano level has a very significant adsorption for methylene blue compared to that of raw materials. The results showed that the model isotherms are fitting very well with the experimental data. The specific adsorption percentage of methylene blue was highly affected by addition of nano ZnO and decreasing with temperature compared to that of control sample. It has been found that the adsorption capacity was increased by increasing the methylene blue concentrations, and these values indicated that the methylene blue adsorption onto nano ZnO was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. All values of Gibbs functions were negative with values of -15 and -17 kJmol -1 for temperatures of 293 to 323K, while values of enthalpy and entropy about -33 kJmol -1","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74015182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ajai, Y. B. Paiko, J. Jacob, M. Ndamitso, J. Dauda
{"title":"Analysis of Cyanide and Essential Mineral Contents in Raw and Processed Cassava from Minna, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ajai, Y. B. Paiko, J. Jacob, M. Ndamitso, J. Dauda","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/22758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/22758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74380754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. F. Sousa, M. Bezerra, M. D. Almeida, G. Moure, J. Mesa-Pérez, E. Caramão
Bio-oil was obtained from the fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in a semi-pilot scale pyrolysis plant equipped with a 40 kg/h fluidized bed reactor. The temperature varied between 480 and 520°C. The biomass (moisture of 10%) was fed with a rate between 20 and 35 kg/h. Approximately 4.5 kg of sand was used as fluidizing agent. The pyrolytic oil was analyzed for the contents of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen and sulfur. Water content, acidity, pH, viscosity at 40°C, density and higher heating value were also determined. Chromatographic analysis showed that it was composed mostly of acetic acid, syringol, vinyl-phenol, guaiacol and hexanoic acid. Main results are used to compare the influence of different configurations of a gas-washing column and vapor condensation system on the properties of the bio-oil. Original Research Article Sousa et al.; ACSJ, 14(2): 1-10, 2016; Article no.ACSJ.25843 2
在配备40 kg/h流化床反应器的半中试热解装置上，以象草为原料进行快速热解制备生物油。温度在480到520摄氏度之间变化。生物量(水分为10%)以20 ~ 35 kg/h的速度饲喂。大约4.5 kg的沙子被用作流化剂。对裂解油进行了碳、氢、氮、硫含量分析。还测定了含水量、酸度、pH值、40℃粘度、密度和高热值。色谱分析表明，其主要成分为乙酸、丁香醇、乙烯基酚、愈创木酚和己酸。用主要结果比较了不同结构的气洗塔和蒸汽冷凝系统对生物油性能的影响。Sousa et al.;学报，14(2):1-10,2016;文章no.ACSJ。25843 2
{"title":"Characteristics of Bio-oil from the Fast Pyrolysis of Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) in a Fluidized Bed Reactor","authors":"J. F. Sousa, M. Bezerra, M. D. Almeida, G. Moure, J. Mesa-Pérez, E. Caramão","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25843","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-oil was obtained from the fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in a semi-pilot scale pyrolysis plant equipped with a 40 kg/h fluidized bed reactor. The temperature varied between 480 and 520°C. The biomass (moisture of 10%) was fed with a rate between 20 and 35 kg/h. Approximately 4.5 kg of sand was used as fluidizing agent. The pyrolytic oil was analyzed for the contents of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen and sulfur. Water content, acidity, pH, viscosity at 40°C, density and higher heating value were also determined. Chromatographic analysis showed that it was composed mostly of acetic acid, syringol, vinyl-phenol, guaiacol and hexanoic acid. Main results are used to compare the influence of different configurations of a gas-washing column and vapor condensation system on the properties of the bio-oil. Original Research Article Sousa et al.; ACSJ, 14(2): 1-10, 2016; Article no.ACSJ.25843 2","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75817223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Removal of Resorcinol from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon: Isotherms, Thermodynamics and Kinetics","authors":"Omer Adam","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/27637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/27637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80327599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ibrahim, A. S. Ahmed, I. Bugaje, Ibrahim Mohameed-Dabo
{"title":"Transesterification of Jatropha Oil Devoid of Co-product, Glycerol","authors":"H. Ibrahim, A. S. Ahmed, I. Bugaje, Ibrahim Mohameed-Dabo","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/26425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/26425","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"437 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83674516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Syzygium guineense leaf and bark of are used for the treatment of tuberculosis, chronic diarrhea, cough, dysentery, malaria, amenorrhea, wounds, ulcers, rheumatism and infections. Material and Method: The various compounds in the n-hexane extract of the leaf were analysed by TLC and identified by GC-MS technique. The TLC results indicated that four (4) terpenes are present in hexane extracts of the leaf of Syzygium guineense after treating TLC plates with vanillin-Conc.H2SO4. Results: The results of the GC-MS analysis revealed twelve (12) compounds in the n-hexane extract of Syzygium guineense leaf. These are 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene (2.61%), Ylangene (2.42%), decahydro-4amethyl-1-methylene-7-(1-methylethynyl)-naphthalene (γ-muurolone) (2.47%), 4-dimethyl-7-(1methylethenyl)azulene(2.06%), caryophyllene oxide(3.86%), myristic acid (2.11%), n-hexadecenoic acid (11.94%), 9-octadecanoic acid (25.72%), tetratriacontane (31.45%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2.71%), tetratriacontane (6.70%) and pentatriacontane (3.95%). These compounds fall into three classes; terpene/terpenoids, organic acids and hydrocarbons with the major compounds been the organic acids 42.48%. Hydrocarbons constituent 42.1% of the extract while only 0.38% constitute terpenes/terpenoids. Conclusion: The results of this study offer a basis of using S. guineense leaf as an alternative medicinal agent as anti-inflammatory analgesic, antipyretic and platelet-inhibitory actions.
{"title":"TLC Analysis and GC-MS Profiling of Hexane Extract of Syzygium guineense Leaf","authors":"Ji Abok, C. Manulu","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/27372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/27372","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Syzygium guineense leaf and bark of are used for the treatment of tuberculosis, chronic diarrhea, cough, dysentery, malaria, amenorrhea, wounds, ulcers, rheumatism and infections. Material and Method: The various compounds in the n-hexane extract of the leaf were analysed by TLC and identified by GC-MS technique. The TLC results indicated that four (4) terpenes are present in hexane extracts of the leaf of Syzygium guineense after treating TLC plates with vanillin-Conc.H2SO4. Results: The results of the GC-MS analysis revealed twelve (12) compounds in the n-hexane extract of Syzygium guineense leaf. These are 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene (2.61%), Ylangene (2.42%), decahydro-4amethyl-1-methylene-7-(1-methylethynyl)-naphthalene (γ-muurolone) (2.47%), 4-dimethyl-7-(1methylethenyl)azulene(2.06%), caryophyllene oxide(3.86%), myristic acid (2.11%), n-hexadecenoic acid (11.94%), 9-octadecanoic acid (25.72%), tetratriacontane (31.45%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2.71%), tetratriacontane (6.70%) and pentatriacontane (3.95%). These compounds fall into three classes; terpene/terpenoids, organic acids and hydrocarbons with the major compounds been the organic acids 42.48%. Hydrocarbons constituent 42.1% of the extract while only 0.38% constitute terpenes/terpenoids. Conclusion: The results of this study offer a basis of using S. guineense leaf as an alternative medicinal agent as anti-inflammatory analgesic, antipyretic and platelet-inhibitory actions.","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"165 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73437770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inhibition of the Developmental Stages of Ascaris suum and Antimicrobial Activity of 3β-Hydroxylolean-12,18-diene Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Canarium schweinfurthii (Engl)","authors":"B. Okoli, G. Ndukwe, R. G. Ayo, J. Habila","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/21377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/21377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73214790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ahmad, A. Dahiru, Abba Muhammad, H. Idris, Kamlish Gautam
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Ficus sycomorus Extracts of the Stem Bark and Leaves on Some Pathogenic Microorganisms","authors":"A. Ahmad, A. Dahiru, Abba Muhammad, H. Idris, Kamlish Gautam","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/23654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/23654","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73076768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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