Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00314-1
Gunter Schumann, Rosa Barciela, Vivek Benegal, Amy Bernard, Sylvane Desrivieres, Jianfeng Feng, Peng Gong, Andreas Heinz, Xanthe Hunt, Li Jin, Jürg Luterbacher, Andre Marquand, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Jerome Salomon, Ameli Schwalber, Shravya Shetty, Bernd Stahl, Paul Thompson
Announced in this Comment and in collaboration with Nature Mental Health is the convening of the Earth Brain Health Commission, addressing innovative and multidisciplinary approaches to mitigating environment-related mental health harms and promoting wellbeing.
{"title":"The Earth, Brain, Health Commission: how to preserve mental health in a changing environment","authors":"Gunter Schumann, Rosa Barciela, Vivek Benegal, Amy Bernard, Sylvane Desrivieres, Jianfeng Feng, Peng Gong, Andreas Heinz, Xanthe Hunt, Li Jin, Jürg Luterbacher, Andre Marquand, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Jerome Salomon, Ameli Schwalber, Shravya Shetty, Bernd Stahl, Paul Thompson","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00314-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00314-1","url":null,"abstract":"Announced in this Comment and in collaboration with Nature Mental Health is the convening of the Earth Brain Health Commission, addressing innovative and multidisciplinary approaches to mitigating environment-related mental health harms and promoting wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1121-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44220-024-00314-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00311-4
Shu Liu, Abdel Abdellaoui, Guido A. van Wingen, Karin J. H. Verweij
Risky behavior is a heritable trait that can have negative mental health consequences. It has been associated with variability in cortical structure and function, but the relation between cortex, gene expression and risky behavior remains unclear. Here we investigated associations of structural and functional cortical measures with risky behavior in UK Biobank data (N = 19,205) and examined relationships of the identified cortical patterns with regional gene expression. We found that expression of 49 genes that were previously associated with risky behavior (out of 152 tested) was linked to these cortical patterns. We also observed associations between the identified cortical patterns and gene expression related to psychiatric disorders and specific cortical cell types. Through whole-genome analysis, we selected all genes with expression linked to the identified cortical patterns and identified their associated biological pathways. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the translation of genetic predispositions into risky behavior. In a large dataset from the UK Biobank, the authors examine the relationships between regional gene expressions and structural and functional features of the cerebral cortex associated with risky behavior.
{"title":"The relation between cortical gene expression and the neural correlates of risky behavior","authors":"Shu Liu, Abdel Abdellaoui, Guido A. van Wingen, Karin J. H. Verweij","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00311-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00311-4","url":null,"abstract":"Risky behavior is a heritable trait that can have negative mental health consequences. It has been associated with variability in cortical structure and function, but the relation between cortex, gene expression and risky behavior remains unclear. Here we investigated associations of structural and functional cortical measures with risky behavior in UK Biobank data (N = 19,205) and examined relationships of the identified cortical patterns with regional gene expression. We found that expression of 49 genes that were previously associated with risky behavior (out of 152 tested) was linked to these cortical patterns. We also observed associations between the identified cortical patterns and gene expression related to psychiatric disorders and specific cortical cell types. Through whole-genome analysis, we selected all genes with expression linked to the identified cortical patterns and identified their associated biological pathways. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the translation of genetic predispositions into risky behavior. In a large dataset from the UK Biobank, the authors examine the relationships between regional gene expressions and structural and functional features of the cerebral cortex associated with risky behavior.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1183-1195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00302-5
Martha Newson, S. Alexander Haslam, Catherine Haslam, Tegan Cruwys, Leor Roseman
The recent surge in psychedelics research has identified promising therapeutic uses for conditions including anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia, depression, and addiction. However, medicalized forms often lack a vital ingredient: a social group dimension. By integrating psychedelics into group settings and leveraging their capacity to foster social identities, the effects of psychedelic-assisted therapies could be enhanced, echoing their potency in Indigenous and community contexts. We outline the relevance of the ‘social cure’ model, supported by strong empirical evidence in social identity and health literature, emphasizing the importance of group contexts and social identity-based relationships in the theraputic effects of psychedelics. We present practical implications for therapeutic practice and identify future directions and challenges for social cure research, offering an agenda for theory-informed work to investigate the role of social identities and group connections in psychedelic treatment. In this Perspective, authors overview the ‘social cure’ model employing group contexts, identity, and connections and argue for its use as a therapeutic framework for psychedelic treatment.
{"title":"Social identity processes as a vehicle for therapeutic success in psychedelic treatment","authors":"Martha Newson, S. Alexander Haslam, Catherine Haslam, Tegan Cruwys, Leor Roseman","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00302-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00302-5","url":null,"abstract":"The recent surge in psychedelics research has identified promising therapeutic uses for conditions including anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia, depression, and addiction. However, medicalized forms often lack a vital ingredient: a social group dimension. By integrating psychedelics into group settings and leveraging their capacity to foster social identities, the effects of psychedelic-assisted therapies could be enhanced, echoing their potency in Indigenous and community contexts. We outline the relevance of the ‘social cure’ model, supported by strong empirical evidence in social identity and health literature, emphasizing the importance of group contexts and social identity-based relationships in the theraputic effects of psychedelics. We present practical implications for therapeutic practice and identify future directions and challenges for social cure research, offering an agenda for theory-informed work to investigate the role of social identities and group connections in psychedelic treatment. In this Perspective, authors overview the ‘social cure’ model employing group contexts, identity, and connections and argue for its use as a therapeutic framework for psychedelic treatment.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 9","pages":"1010-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00319-w
Translational science is often characterized metaphorically, as bridging the gaps among multidisciplinary research areas. However, in reality, translational work is often separate or excluded from clinical research. Integrating elements of translational and clinical work into more general mental health research is key to innovation and progress.
{"title":"Found in translation — translational science in mental health research","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00319-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00319-w","url":null,"abstract":"Translational science is often characterized metaphorically, as bridging the gaps among multidisciplinary research areas. However, in reality, translational work is often separate or excluded from clinical research. Integrating elements of translational and clinical work into more general mental health research is key to innovation and progress.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 9","pages":"1003-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44220-024-00319-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00306-1
Long-Biao Cui, Shu-Wan Zhao, Ya-Hong Zhang, Kun Chen, Yu-Fei Fu, Ting Qi, Mengya Wang, Jing-Wen Fan, Yue-Wen Gu, Xiao-Fan Liu, Xiao-Sa Li, Wen-Jun Wu, Di Wu, Hua-Ning Wang, Yong Liu, Hong Yin, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Yongbin Wei
Understanding the relationship between genetic variations and brain abnormalities is crucial for uncovering the cross-scale pathophysiological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia. This cross-sectional study identifies brain structural correlates of individual variation in gene expression in schizophrenia and its clinical implication. RNA-sequencing data from blood samples, magnetic resonance imaging scans and clinical assessments were collected from 43 patients with schizophrenia, together with data from 60 healthy controls. Using RNA-sequencing data we show alterations in both gene-level and isoform-level expression between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (1,836 genes and 1,104 isoforms, false-discover-rate-adjusted P < 0.05). We also show differential gene expression to be associated with schizophrenia-related genomic variations (based on genome-wide association study data on 76,755 patients and 243,649 controls; regression coefficient (β) = 0.211, P = 0.001) and differential brain gene expression (P < 0.001, hypergeometric test). Multivariate correlation analysis combining gene expression and brain imaging shows that transcriptional levels of differentially expressed genes significantly correlate with gray matter volume in the frontal and temporal regions of cognitive brain networks in patients with schizophrenia (P < 0.001, permutation test). Findings show a significant association between gene expression, gray matter volume and cognitive performance in patients (P = 0.031, permutation test). Our results suggest that genomic variants in individuals with schizophrenia are associated with alterations in the transcriptome, which plays a role in individual variations in macroscale brain structure and cognition, contributing to building a comprehensive, multi-omics marker for the assessment of schizophrenia. This study examining blood transcriptomic, neuroimaging and clinical data in people with schizophrenia shows a relationship between individual variations in gene transcription, brain structure and cognitive performance.
{"title":"Associated transcriptional, brain and clinical variations in schizophrenia","authors":"Long-Biao Cui, Shu-Wan Zhao, Ya-Hong Zhang, Kun Chen, Yu-Fei Fu, Ting Qi, Mengya Wang, Jing-Wen Fan, Yue-Wen Gu, Xiao-Fan Liu, Xiao-Sa Li, Wen-Jun Wu, Di Wu, Hua-Ning Wang, Yong Liu, Hong Yin, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Yongbin Wei","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00306-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00306-1","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the relationship between genetic variations and brain abnormalities is crucial for uncovering the cross-scale pathophysiological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia. This cross-sectional study identifies brain structural correlates of individual variation in gene expression in schizophrenia and its clinical implication. RNA-sequencing data from blood samples, magnetic resonance imaging scans and clinical assessments were collected from 43 patients with schizophrenia, together with data from 60 healthy controls. Using RNA-sequencing data we show alterations in both gene-level and isoform-level expression between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (1,836 genes and 1,104 isoforms, false-discover-rate-adjusted P < 0.05). We also show differential gene expression to be associated with schizophrenia-related genomic variations (based on genome-wide association study data on 76,755 patients and 243,649 controls; regression coefficient (β) = 0.211, P = 0.001) and differential brain gene expression (P < 0.001, hypergeometric test). Multivariate correlation analysis combining gene expression and brain imaging shows that transcriptional levels of differentially expressed genes significantly correlate with gray matter volume in the frontal and temporal regions of cognitive brain networks in patients with schizophrenia (P < 0.001, permutation test). Findings show a significant association between gene expression, gray matter volume and cognitive performance in patients (P = 0.031, permutation test). Our results suggest that genomic variants in individuals with schizophrenia are associated with alterations in the transcriptome, which plays a role in individual variations in macroscale brain structure and cognition, contributing to building a comprehensive, multi-omics marker for the assessment of schizophrenia. This study examining blood transcriptomic, neuroimaging and clinical data in people with schizophrenia shows a relationship between individual variations in gene transcription, brain structure and cognitive performance.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1239-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00308-z
Leslie B. Hammer
{"title":"The role of workplace managers in protecting and promoting employee mental health","authors":"Leslie B. Hammer","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00308-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00308-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 9","pages":"1004-1005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00299-x
Anjali Sankar, Simon C. Ziersen, Brice Ozenne, Vibeke H. Dam, Emily E. Beaman, Lars V. Kessing, Patrick. M. Fisher, Esben Budtz-Jørgensen, Gitte M. Knudsen, Kamilla W. Miskowiak, Vibe G. Frokjaer
The serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and personality trait neuroticism are implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and represent potential targets for prevention and treatment. Here we evaluate whether 5-HT2AR and neuroticism in healthy individuals are related to the risk of developing a future depressive episode by utilizing a large 5-HT2AR molecular-imaging cohort comprising 131 healthy individuals who underwent molecular brain imaging and neuroticism assessments and up to 19 years of data on future depression diagnosis from the Danish Registers. Using cause-specific Cox regression analysis, we found that neocortical 5-HT2AR binding coupled with the inward-directed facets of neuroticism elevated the risk of depression. The risk was greatest in individuals with both high 5-HT2AR binding and high neuroticism. Our data provide novel insights into the risk of depression and support the evaluation of clinical strategies that target 5-HT2AR, such as psychedelics, in conjunction with psychotherapy that addresses personality-based risk factors. In this study, the authors used molecular brain imaging and measures of neuroticism to identify that high 5-HT2AR binding and higher levels of neuroticism predicted an increased risk of developing depression up to 19 years after assessment.
{"title":"Neocortical serotonin 2A receptor binding, neuroticism and risk of developing depression in healthy individuals","authors":"Anjali Sankar, Simon C. Ziersen, Brice Ozenne, Vibeke H. Dam, Emily E. Beaman, Lars V. Kessing, Patrick. M. Fisher, Esben Budtz-Jørgensen, Gitte M. Knudsen, Kamilla W. Miskowiak, Vibe G. Frokjaer","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00299-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00299-x","url":null,"abstract":"The serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and personality trait neuroticism are implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and represent potential targets for prevention and treatment. Here we evaluate whether 5-HT2AR and neuroticism in healthy individuals are related to the risk of developing a future depressive episode by utilizing a large 5-HT2AR molecular-imaging cohort comprising 131 healthy individuals who underwent molecular brain imaging and neuroticism assessments and up to 19 years of data on future depression diagnosis from the Danish Registers. Using cause-specific Cox regression analysis, we found that neocortical 5-HT2AR binding coupled with the inward-directed facets of neuroticism elevated the risk of depression. The risk was greatest in individuals with both high 5-HT2AR binding and high neuroticism. Our data provide novel insights into the risk of depression and support the evaluation of clinical strategies that target 5-HT2AR, such as psychedelics, in conjunction with psychotherapy that addresses personality-based risk factors. In this study, the authors used molecular brain imaging and measures of neuroticism to identify that high 5-HT2AR binding and higher levels of neuroticism predicted an increased risk of developing depression up to 19 years after assessment.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1231-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00304-3
Natalia Gass
In this Q&A, we speak to Andrew Zalesky, professor at the University of Melbourne, a co-leader of the Systems Lab and awardee of the prestigious Rebecca L. Cooper Fellowship that provides US$1.35 million over 5 years to study brain networks in health and disease and develop high-tech psychiatric therapies based on brain stimulation. He also led the development of the Melbourne Subcortex Atlas and is recognized for the novel tools he has developed to analyze brain networks.
在本期问答中，我们采访了墨尔本大学教授安德鲁-扎列斯基（Andrew Zalesky），他是系统实验室（Systems Lab）的共同负责人，也是著名的丽贝卡-库珀奖学金（Rebecca L. Cooper Fellowship）的获得者，该奖学金将在5年内提供135万美元，用于研究健康和疾病中的大脑网络，以及开发基于脑刺激的高科技精神疗法。他还领导了墨尔本皮质下图谱的开发，并因其开发的分析大脑网络的新工具而获得认可。
{"title":"Mapping brain and body connections","authors":"Natalia Gass","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00304-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00304-3","url":null,"abstract":"In this Q&A, we speak to Andrew Zalesky, professor at the University of Melbourne, a co-leader of the Systems Lab and awardee of the prestigious Rebecca L. Cooper Fellowship that provides US$1.35 million over 5 years to study brain networks in health and disease and develop high-tech psychiatric therapies based on brain stimulation. He also led the development of the Melbourne Subcortex Atlas and is recognized for the novel tools he has developed to analyze brain networks.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 9","pages":"1006-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00300-7
Jimmy J. Fraigne, John H. Peever
The opioid abuse epidemic is a major health concern that requires new pain management strategies. Findings now show that suvorexant, a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist, reverses the anatomical and circuit alterations induced by opioids and decreases addictive behavior while maintaining the analgesic properties of the drugs.
{"title":"Hypocretin receptor antagonists prevent opioid addiction","authors":"Jimmy J. Fraigne, John H. Peever","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00300-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00300-7","url":null,"abstract":"The opioid abuse epidemic is a major health concern that requires new pain management strategies. Findings now show that suvorexant, a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist, reverses the anatomical and circuit alterations induced by opioids and decreases addictive behavior while maintaining the analgesic properties of the drugs.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 9","pages":"1008-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00297-z
Milin Kim, Esten Leonardsen, Saige Rutherford, Geir Selbæk, Karin Persson, Nils Eiel Steen, Olav B. Smeland, Torill Ueland, Geneviève Richard, Christian F. Beckmann, Andre F. Marquand, Ole A. Andreassen, Lars T. Westlye, Thomas Wolfers, Torgeir Moberget
The cerebellum is linked to motor coordination, cognitive and affective processing, in addition to a wide range of clinical illnesses. To enable robust quantification of individual cerebellar anatomy relative to population norms, we mapped the normative development and aging of the cerebellum across the lifespan using brain scans of >54,000 participants. We estimated normative models at voxel-wise spatial precision, enabling integration with cerebellar atlases. Applying the normative models in independent samples revealed substantial heterogeneity within five clinical illnesses: autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Notably, individuals with autism spectrum disorder and mild cognitive impairment exhibited increased positive and negative extreme deviations in cerebellar anatomy, while those with schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease showed predominantly negative deviations. Finally, extreme deviations were associated with cognitive scores. Our results provide a voxel-wise mapping of cerebellar anatomy across the human lifespan demonstrating the cerebellum’s nuanced role in different clinical illnesses. This study maps cerebellar anatomy across the lifespan using over 54,000 brain scans from 132 scanning sites and identifies that patients with autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and schizophrenia are likely to have deviations in cerebellar anatomy.
{"title":"Mapping cerebellar anatomical heterogeneity in mental and neurological illnesses","authors":"Milin Kim, Esten Leonardsen, Saige Rutherford, Geir Selbæk, Karin Persson, Nils Eiel Steen, Olav B. Smeland, Torill Ueland, Geneviève Richard, Christian F. Beckmann, Andre F. Marquand, Ole A. Andreassen, Lars T. Westlye, Thomas Wolfers, Torgeir Moberget","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00297-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00297-z","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebellum is linked to motor coordination, cognitive and affective processing, in addition to a wide range of clinical illnesses. To enable robust quantification of individual cerebellar anatomy relative to population norms, we mapped the normative development and aging of the cerebellum across the lifespan using brain scans of >54,000 participants. We estimated normative models at voxel-wise spatial precision, enabling integration with cerebellar atlases. Applying the normative models in independent samples revealed substantial heterogeneity within five clinical illnesses: autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Notably, individuals with autism spectrum disorder and mild cognitive impairment exhibited increased positive and negative extreme deviations in cerebellar anatomy, while those with schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease showed predominantly negative deviations. Finally, extreme deviations were associated with cognitive scores. Our results provide a voxel-wise mapping of cerebellar anatomy across the human lifespan demonstrating the cerebellum’s nuanced role in different clinical illnesses. This study maps cerebellar anatomy across the lifespan using over 54,000 brain scans from 132 scanning sites and identifies that patients with autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and schizophrenia are likely to have deviations in cerebellar anatomy.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1196-1207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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