Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00329-8
Paulo Branco, Noam Bosak, Andrew D. Vigotsky, Yelena Granovsky, David Yarnitsky, A. Vania Apkarian
Brain-centric theories propose that chronic pain is driven and maintained by maladaptive negative emotional learning, with the hippocampus playing a crucial role in the transition from acute to chronic pain. However, little is known about what triggers this maladaptive learning in the first place, especially in the early acute stages following injury. We imaged 110 patients within days of whiplash and mild traumatic brain injury and tested whether hippocampal adaptations impart risk for chronic pain one year later. Patients who went on to develop chronic pain one year later showed increased connectivity between the hippocampus and its posterior network, as well as increased network connectivity across posterior hippocampal network nodes and the amygdala bilaterally. This connectivity was linked to anxiety and increased with time lapse from injury to brain scans. Our findings link rapid hippocampal network reorganization with the development of chronic pain. In this study, the authors used imaging to identify increased hippocampal, posterior hippocampal, and amygdala connectivity in people who had experienced whiplash and mild traumatic brain injury and who developed chronic pain one year later.
{"title":"Hippocampal functional connectivity after whiplash injury is linked to the development of chronic pain","authors":"Paulo Branco, Noam Bosak, Andrew D. Vigotsky, Yelena Granovsky, David Yarnitsky, A. Vania Apkarian","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00329-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00329-8","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-centric theories propose that chronic pain is driven and maintained by maladaptive negative emotional learning, with the hippocampus playing a crucial role in the transition from acute to chronic pain. However, little is known about what triggers this maladaptive learning in the first place, especially in the early acute stages following injury. We imaged 110 patients within days of whiplash and mild traumatic brain injury and tested whether hippocampal adaptations impart risk for chronic pain one year later. Patients who went on to develop chronic pain one year later showed increased connectivity between the hippocampus and its posterior network, as well as increased network connectivity across posterior hippocampal network nodes and the amygdala bilaterally. This connectivity was linked to anxiety and increased with time lapse from injury to brain scans. Our findings link rapid hippocampal network reorganization with the development of chronic pain. In this study, the authors used imaging to identify increased hippocampal, posterior hippocampal, and amygdala connectivity in people who had experienced whiplash and mild traumatic brain injury and who developed chronic pain one year later.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1362-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00336-9
Angela Nickerson, Vivian Mai, David Keegan, Casey Willoughby, Kiarne Humphreys, Jenny J. Y. Im, Suresh Sundram, Nicholas Procter, Zac E. Seidler, Florian Scharpf, Belinda J. Liddell
There are currently over 117 million forcibly displaced people worldwide, and approximately 45 million of these are refugees and asylum-seekers. Despite exposure to substantial adversity, many refugees do not develop clinically significant psychopathology. There is a need to understand factors that are associated with good mental health in refugees to inform policy-makers and practitioners working with refugees. Here we aim to synthesize research on factors that are protective (associated with lower negative mental health outcomes) or promotive (associated with higher positive mental health outcomes) among adult refugees living in high-income countries (HICs) and lower-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). We searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, ProQuest and PsycINFO) for relevant studies conducted up until December 2022. A total of 174 articles were included in this review, of which 81% were undertaken in HICs and 19% in LMICs. Key protective and promotive factors were identified across the following domains: sociodemographic characteristics (for example, male gender/sex), environmental factors (for example, financial security, permanent visa status), sociocultural factors (for example, social support, support engagement) and psychological factors (for example, self-efficacy). Based on the outcomes of this review, we provide recommendations for governments, organizations and policymakers working to support good mental health in refugees and propose a research agenda to advance knowledge in the field. Cross-domain investigation and cross-disciplinary collaboration represents a critical next step to understanding and enhancing factors that promote good mental health in refugees. In a systematic review of studies examining protective and promotive factors for mental health in displaced people, the authors identify key sociodemographic, environmental, sociocultural and psychological factors and form recommendations to reinforce best practices for enhancing refugee mental health.
{"title":"A systematic review of protective and promotive factors in refugee mental health","authors":"Angela Nickerson, Vivian Mai, David Keegan, Casey Willoughby, Kiarne Humphreys, Jenny J. Y. Im, Suresh Sundram, Nicholas Procter, Zac E. Seidler, Florian Scharpf, Belinda J. Liddell","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00336-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00336-9","url":null,"abstract":"There are currently over 117 million forcibly displaced people worldwide, and approximately 45 million of these are refugees and asylum-seekers. Despite exposure to substantial adversity, many refugees do not develop clinically significant psychopathology. There is a need to understand factors that are associated with good mental health in refugees to inform policy-makers and practitioners working with refugees. Here we aim to synthesize research on factors that are protective (associated with lower negative mental health outcomes) or promotive (associated with higher positive mental health outcomes) among adult refugees living in high-income countries (HICs) and lower-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). We searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, ProQuest and PsycINFO) for relevant studies conducted up until December 2022. A total of 174 articles were included in this review, of which 81% were undertaken in HICs and 19% in LMICs. Key protective and promotive factors were identified across the following domains: sociodemographic characteristics (for example, male gender/sex), environmental factors (for example, financial security, permanent visa status), sociocultural factors (for example, social support, support engagement) and psychological factors (for example, self-efficacy). Based on the outcomes of this review, we provide recommendations for governments, organizations and policymakers working to support good mental health in refugees and propose a research agenda to advance knowledge in the field. Cross-domain investigation and cross-disciplinary collaboration represents a critical next step to understanding and enhancing factors that promote good mental health in refugees. In a systematic review of studies examining protective and promotive factors for mental health in displaced people, the authors identify key sociodemographic, environmental, sociocultural and psychological factors and form recommendations to reinforce best practices for enhancing refugee mental health.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1415-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00340-z
Kevork Danayan, Jessica Newman, Katie Benitah, Shakila Meshkat, Latifah Jaafar, Orly Lipsitz, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Shelley McMain, Anthony C. Ruocco, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat
There are opposing opinions and evidence about the effect of comorbid personality disorders (PDs) on the treatment outcome for depression. Here a systematic search was conducted to identify studies reporting on the effect of comorbid cluster B PDs on depression treatment outcomes. Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched in March 2024, yielding 61 reports of which 25 had sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. The overall effect of poor outcome in patients with comorbid cluster B PDs compared with those without PDs was 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.63–3.15, P < 0.00001, pooled n = 5,419). The presence of concurrent cluster B PDs is associated with more than double the odds of nonresponse to treatments for depression compared with patients with depression without comorbid PDs. This synthesis highlights the prognostic value of comorbid cluster B PDs in depressive disorders and a need for devising new treatment approaches to target this complex patient population. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors find that individuals with a concurrent cluster B personality disorder diagnosis are 2.27 times more likely not to respond to treatment for depression than patients without personality disorders, suggesting the need for more targeted approaches for patients with comorbid personality disorders.
关于合并人格障碍（PDs）对抑郁症治疗效果的影响，存在着相反的观点和证据。在此，我们进行了一次系统性检索，以确定有关合并 B 群人格障碍对抑郁症治疗效果影响的研究报告。2024年3月，对Medline、PsycINFO、Web of Science、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库进行了检索，共检索到61篇报告，其中25篇有足够的数据可纳入荟萃分析。与无并发症的患者相比，并发B群PD的患者预后不良的总效应为2.27（95%置信区间为1.63-3.15，P< 0.00001，汇总n = 5,419）。与无并发症的抑郁症患者相比，并发症 B 群的抑郁症患者对抑郁症治疗无反应的几率是后者的两倍多。本综述强调了抑郁症患者并发 B 组 PD 的预后价值，以及针对这一复杂患者群体设计新治疗方法的必要性。在一项系统综述和荟萃分析中，作者发现，与没有人格障碍的患者相比，同时被诊断为 B 群人格障碍的患者对抑郁症治疗无效的可能性要高出 2.27 倍，这表明需要为合并人格障碍的患者提供更有针对性的治疗方法。
{"title":"The impact of comorbid cluster B traits and personality disorders on depression treatment outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kevork Danayan, Jessica Newman, Katie Benitah, Shakila Meshkat, Latifah Jaafar, Orly Lipsitz, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Shelley McMain, Anthony C. Ruocco, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00340-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00340-z","url":null,"abstract":"There are opposing opinions and evidence about the effect of comorbid personality disorders (PDs) on the treatment outcome for depression. Here a systematic search was conducted to identify studies reporting on the effect of comorbid cluster B PDs on depression treatment outcomes. Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched in March 2024, yielding 61 reports of which 25 had sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. The overall effect of poor outcome in patients with comorbid cluster B PDs compared with those without PDs was 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.63–3.15, P < 0.00001, pooled n = 5,419). The presence of concurrent cluster B PDs is associated with more than double the odds of nonresponse to treatments for depression compared with patients with depression without comorbid PDs. This synthesis highlights the prognostic value of comorbid cluster B PDs in depressive disorders and a need for devising new treatment approaches to target this complex patient population. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors find that individuals with a concurrent cluster B personality disorder diagnosis are 2.27 times more likely not to respond to treatment for depression than patients without personality disorders, suggesting the need for more targeted approaches for patients with comorbid personality disorders.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1392-1407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00313-2
Sarah E. Paul, Sarah M. C. Colbert, Aaron J. Gorelik, Emma C. Johnson, Alexander S. Hatoum, David A. A. Baranger, Isabella S. Hansen, I. Nagella, L. Blaydon, A. Hornstein, Nourhan M. Elsayed, Deanna M. Barch, Ryan Bogdan, Nicole R. Karcher
Etiologic insights into psychopathology may be gained by using hypothesis-free methods to identify associations between genetic risk for broad psychopathology and phenotypes measured during adolescence, including both markers of child psychopathology and intermediate phenotypes such as neural structure that may link genetic risk with outcomes. Here we conducted an exploratory phenome-wide association study (phenotype n = 1,271–1,697) of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for broad-spectrum psychopathology (that is, compulsive, psychotic, neurodevelopmental and internalizing) in youth most genetically similar to individuals from European reference populations (n = 5,556; ages 9–13) who completed the baseline and/or 2-year follow-up of the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. We found that neurodevelopmental and internalizing PRS were significantly associated with phenotypes across multiple domains (neurodevelopmental, 190 and 214 (147 and 165 after pruning correlated phenotypes at an r2 of 0.6); internalizing, 124 and 183 (93 and 131 after pruning) phenotypes at baseline and 2-year follow-up, respectively), whereas compulsive and psychotic PRS showed zero and two significant associations, respectively, after Bonferroni correction. Compulsive, psychotic and neurodevelopmental PRS were further associated with brain structure metrics, with minimal evidence that brain structure indirectly linked PRS to 2-year follow-up outcomes. Genetic variation influencing risk to psychopathology manifests broadly as behaviors, psychopathology symptoms and related risk factors in middle childhood and early adolescence. Using an exploratory phenome-wide association study of polygenic risk scores (PRS) in children aged 9–13 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study cohort, the authors identify neurodevelopmental and internalizing PRS associations with multiple phenotypes similar to the constituent GWAS indicators (for example, neurodevelopmental and internalizing traits) as well as cross-trait phenotypes (for example, screen time, cortical volume).
{"title":"A phenome-wide association study of cross-disorder genetic liability in youth genetically similar to individuals from European reference populations","authors":"Sarah E. Paul, Sarah M. C. Colbert, Aaron J. Gorelik, Emma C. Johnson, Alexander S. Hatoum, David A. A. Baranger, Isabella S. Hansen, I. Nagella, L. Blaydon, A. Hornstein, Nourhan M. Elsayed, Deanna M. Barch, Ryan Bogdan, Nicole R. Karcher","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00313-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00313-2","url":null,"abstract":"Etiologic insights into psychopathology may be gained by using hypothesis-free methods to identify associations between genetic risk for broad psychopathology and phenotypes measured during adolescence, including both markers of child psychopathology and intermediate phenotypes such as neural structure that may link genetic risk with outcomes. Here we conducted an exploratory phenome-wide association study (phenotype n = 1,271–1,697) of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for broad-spectrum psychopathology (that is, compulsive, psychotic, neurodevelopmental and internalizing) in youth most genetically similar to individuals from European reference populations (n = 5,556; ages 9–13) who completed the baseline and/or 2-year follow-up of the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. We found that neurodevelopmental and internalizing PRS were significantly associated with phenotypes across multiple domains (neurodevelopmental, 190 and 214 (147 and 165 after pruning correlated phenotypes at an r2 of 0.6); internalizing, 124 and 183 (93 and 131 after pruning) phenotypes at baseline and 2-year follow-up, respectively), whereas compulsive and psychotic PRS showed zero and two significant associations, respectively, after Bonferroni correction. Compulsive, psychotic and neurodevelopmental PRS were further associated with brain structure metrics, with minimal evidence that brain structure indirectly linked PRS to 2-year follow-up outcomes. Genetic variation influencing risk to psychopathology manifests broadly as behaviors, psychopathology symptoms and related risk factors in middle childhood and early adolescence. Using an exploratory phenome-wide association study of polygenic risk scores (PRS) in children aged 9–13 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study cohort, the authors identify neurodevelopmental and internalizing PRS associations with multiple phenotypes similar to the constituent GWAS indicators (for example, neurodevelopmental and internalizing traits) as well as cross-trait phenotypes (for example, screen time, cortical volume).","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1327-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00332-z
Danica E. Johnson, Joshua D. Rosenblat
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy alleviates anxiety and depression in people with cancer. A new pooled analysis of two phase 2 clinical trials reveals improvements in psychiatric symptoms such as interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and somatization. The treatment may therefore have a broader role as a non-specific ‘anti-distressant’.
{"title":"Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as an ‘anti-distressant’ with multidimensional properties","authors":"Danica E. Johnson, Joshua D. Rosenblat","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00332-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00332-z","url":null,"abstract":"Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy alleviates anxiety and depression in people with cancer. A new pooled analysis of two phase 2 clinical trials reveals improvements in psychiatric symptoms such as interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and somatization. The treatment may therefore have a broader role as a non-specific ‘anti-distressant’.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1275-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00328-9
Martina Luchetti, Damaris Aschwanden, Amanda A. Sesker, Xianghe Zhu, Páraic S. O’Súilleabháin, Yannick Stephan, Antonio Terracciano, Angelina R. Sutin
Loneliness is one critical risk factor for cognitive health. Here we combined data from ongoing aging studies and the published literature and provide the largest meta-analysis on the association between loneliness and dementia (k = 21 samples, N = 608,561) and cognitive impairment (k = 16, N = 103,387). Loneliness increased the risk for all-cause dementia (hazard ratio (HR) 1.306, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.197–1.426), Alzheimer’s disease (HR 1.393, 95% CI 1.290–1.504; k = 5), vascular dementia (HR 1.735, 95% CI 1.483–2.029; k = 3) and cognitive impairment (HR 1.150, 95% CI 1.113–1.189). The associations persisted when models controlled for depression, social isolation and/or other modifiable risk factors for dementia. The large heterogeneity across studies was partly due to differences in loneliness measures and ascertainment of cognitive status. The results underscore the importance to further examine the type or sources of loneliness and cognitive symptoms to develop effective interventions that reduce the risk of dementia. Using data from large longitudinal observational studies, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between loneliness and dementia.
{"title":"A meta-analysis of loneliness and risk of dementia using longitudinal data from >600,000 individuals","authors":"Martina Luchetti, Damaris Aschwanden, Amanda A. Sesker, Xianghe Zhu, Páraic S. O’Súilleabháin, Yannick Stephan, Antonio Terracciano, Angelina R. Sutin","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00328-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00328-9","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness is one critical risk factor for cognitive health. Here we combined data from ongoing aging studies and the published literature and provide the largest meta-analysis on the association between loneliness and dementia (k = 21 samples, N = 608,561) and cognitive impairment (k = 16, N = 103,387). Loneliness increased the risk for all-cause dementia (hazard ratio (HR) 1.306, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.197–1.426), Alzheimer’s disease (HR 1.393, 95% CI 1.290–1.504; k = 5), vascular dementia (HR 1.735, 95% CI 1.483–2.029; k = 3) and cognitive impairment (HR 1.150, 95% CI 1.113–1.189). The associations persisted when models controlled for depression, social isolation and/or other modifiable risk factors for dementia. The large heterogeneity across studies was partly due to differences in loneliness measures and ascertainment of cognitive status. The results underscore the importance to further examine the type or sources of loneliness and cognitive symptoms to develop effective interventions that reduce the risk of dementia. Using data from large longitudinal observational studies, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between loneliness and dementia.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1350-1361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-07DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00331-0
Petros D. Petridis, Jack Grinband, Gabrielle Agin-Liebes, Connor J. Kinslow, Richard J. Zeifman, Michael P. Bogenschutz, Roland R. Griffiths, Stephen Ross
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has shown promise in treating mood and anxiety disorders in patients with cancer. However, patients with cancer often suffer from more than just depression and anxiety, and so far, PAP’s effect on other psychiatric symptoms remains largely unknown. To address this gap, we pooled previously unpublished data from two phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trials involving 79 participants with cancer-related distress and analyzed PAP’s effect on 9 psychiatric symptom dimensions: anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession–compulsion, somatization, phobia, paranoia and psychosis. PAP significantly improved anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession–compulsion and somatization without inducing any lasting phobia, paranoia or psychosis. Clinical improvements were consistent between trials. Together, our findings suggest that PAP has the potential to be a comprehensive mental health treatment for patients with cancer. In this pooled analysis, the authors evaluate the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy across various dimensions of psychiatric symptoms in people with cancer-related distress.
迷幻药辅助心理疗法（PAP）在治疗癌症患者的情绪和焦虑症方面显示出良好的前景。然而，癌症患者通常不仅仅患有抑郁症和焦虑症，迄今为止，PAP 对其他精神症状的影响在很大程度上仍不为人所知。为了填补这一空白，我们汇总了之前未公开的两项 II 期随机安慰剂对照交叉试验的数据，涉及 79 名癌症相关困扰的参与者，并分析了 PAP 对 9 种精神症状的影响：焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感、敌意、强迫症、躯体化、恐惧症、偏执狂和精神病。PAP 能明显改善焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感、敌意、强迫症和躯体化，但不会诱发任何持久的恐惧症、妄想症或精神病。不同试验之间的临床改善效果一致。总之，我们的研究结果表明，PAP 有可能成为癌症患者的一种综合心理健康治疗方法。在这项汇总分析中，作者评估了迷幻剂辅助心理疗法对癌症相关痛苦患者精神症状各方面的影响。
{"title":"Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy improves psychiatric symptoms across multiple dimensions in patients with cancer","authors":"Petros D. Petridis, Jack Grinband, Gabrielle Agin-Liebes, Connor J. Kinslow, Richard J. Zeifman, Michael P. Bogenschutz, Roland R. Griffiths, Stephen Ross","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00331-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00331-0","url":null,"abstract":"Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has shown promise in treating mood and anxiety disorders in patients with cancer. However, patients with cancer often suffer from more than just depression and anxiety, and so far, PAP’s effect on other psychiatric symptoms remains largely unknown. To address this gap, we pooled previously unpublished data from two phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trials involving 79 participants with cancer-related distress and analyzed PAP’s effect on 9 psychiatric symptom dimensions: anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession–compulsion, somatization, phobia, paranoia and psychosis. PAP significantly improved anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession–compulsion and somatization without inducing any lasting phobia, paranoia or psychosis. Clinical improvements were consistent between trials. Together, our findings suggest that PAP has the potential to be a comprehensive mental health treatment for patients with cancer. In this pooled analysis, the authors evaluate the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy across various dimensions of psychiatric symptoms in people with cancer-related distress.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1408-1414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00325-y
Richard A. Bryant, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Thomas Williamson, Kim Felmingham, Leanne M. Williams, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Although suicide risk is a major public health issue, attempts to understand the neural basis of suicidality have been limited by small sample sizes and a focus on specific psychiatric disorders. This sample comprised 579 participants, of whom 428 had a psychiatric disorder (depression, anxiety or stress-related disorder) and 151 were non-psychiatric controls. All participants underwent structured clinical interviews, including an assessment of suicidality in the past month, and completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. There were 238 (41.1%) participants who met criteria for suicidality and 341 (58.9%) were non-suicidal. Task-derived functional connectivity was calculated for 436 brain regions, comprising 8 intrinsic connectivity networks. Participants who were suicidal had decreased connectivity in a network of 143 connections across 86 brain regions. This pattern was characterized primarily by decreased connectivity within the visual, somatomotor and salience networks, between these networks, and also with the default mode and limbic networks. By adopting a transdiagnostic approach with a very large sample of individuals with mood disorders, anxiety and stress and non-psychiatric participants, this study highlights the hypoconnectivity that characterizes suicidality and points to altered connectivity within and between key networks involved in emotional, sensory and cognitive processes that are implicated in suicidal risk. In this study, the authors use a transdiagnostic approach to assess functional connectivity in individuals with and without a psychiatric diagnosis, showing hypoconnectivity in the default mode, visual and limbic systems associated with suicidality.
{"title":"The neural connectome of suicidality in adults with mood and anxiety disorders","authors":"Richard A. Bryant, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Thomas Williamson, Kim Felmingham, Leanne M. Williams, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00325-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00325-y","url":null,"abstract":"Although suicide risk is a major public health issue, attempts to understand the neural basis of suicidality have been limited by small sample sizes and a focus on specific psychiatric disorders. This sample comprised 579 participants, of whom 428 had a psychiatric disorder (depression, anxiety or stress-related disorder) and 151 were non-psychiatric controls. All participants underwent structured clinical interviews, including an assessment of suicidality in the past month, and completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. There were 238 (41.1%) participants who met criteria for suicidality and 341 (58.9%) were non-suicidal. Task-derived functional connectivity was calculated for 436 brain regions, comprising 8 intrinsic connectivity networks. Participants who were suicidal had decreased connectivity in a network of 143 connections across 86 brain regions. This pattern was characterized primarily by decreased connectivity within the visual, somatomotor and salience networks, between these networks, and also with the default mode and limbic networks. By adopting a transdiagnostic approach with a very large sample of individuals with mood disorders, anxiety and stress and non-psychiatric participants, this study highlights the hypoconnectivity that characterizes suicidality and points to altered connectivity within and between key networks involved in emotional, sensory and cognitive processes that are implicated in suicidal risk. In this study, the authors use a transdiagnostic approach to assess functional connectivity in individuals with and without a psychiatric diagnosis, showing hypoconnectivity in the default mode, visual and limbic systems associated with suicidality.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 11","pages":"1342-1349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44220-024-00325-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00324-z
Breanne E. Kearney, Ruth A. Lanius
Anecdotally, the difference between autobiographical and traumatic memory is clear; one is remembered, the other vividly relived. Further distinction can be drawn between past-centered traumatic recurrences and present-centered trauma-related intrusions. While some argue sensorimotor representations to be building blocks of all memory forms, traumatic memory seems to haunt in the form of unintegrated sensations and actions. This Perspective hypothesizes a neurobiological delineation between these memory forms, where traumatic memory is uniquely characterized by alterations to lower-level and primary sensorimotor processes. The proposed demarcation has implications for legal systems, which assume interrogations of autobiographical and traumatic memory can be methodologically identical. Clinically, first-line treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder have yet to explicitly address sensorimotor processes, where up to half of individuals are non-responsive and 20% drop out. We are left with urgent needs to consider sensorimotor fragmentation of traumatic memory and advance interventions that assimilate these fragments into a past-contextualized autobiography. In this Perspective, the authors review the literature regarding the differences between autobiographical and traumatic memory and introduce sensorimotor-based implications for understanding and treating post-traumatic stress disorder.
{"title":"Why reliving is not remembering and the unique neurobiological representation of traumatic memory","authors":"Breanne E. Kearney, Ruth A. Lanius","doi":"10.1038/s44220-024-00324-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-024-00324-z","url":null,"abstract":"Anecdotally, the difference between autobiographical and traumatic memory is clear; one is remembered, the other vividly relived. Further distinction can be drawn between past-centered traumatic recurrences and present-centered trauma-related intrusions. While some argue sensorimotor representations to be building blocks of all memory forms, traumatic memory seems to haunt in the form of unintegrated sensations and actions. This Perspective hypothesizes a neurobiological delineation between these memory forms, where traumatic memory is uniquely characterized by alterations to lower-level and primary sensorimotor processes. The proposed demarcation has implications for legal systems, which assume interrogations of autobiographical and traumatic memory can be methodologically identical. Clinically, first-line treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder have yet to explicitly address sensorimotor processes, where up to half of individuals are non-responsive and 20% drop out. We are left with urgent needs to consider sensorimotor fragmentation of traumatic memory and advance interventions that assimilate these fragments into a past-contextualized autobiography. In this Perspective, the authors review the literature regarding the differences between autobiographical and traumatic memory and introduce sensorimotor-based implications for understanding and treating post-traumatic stress disorder.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"2 10","pages":"1142-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：