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The neural connectome of suicidality in adults with mood and anxiety disorders 成人情绪和焦虑症患者自杀倾向的神经连接组
Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00325-y
Richard A. Bryant, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Thomas Williamson, Kim Felmingham, Leanne M. Williams, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Although suicide risk is a major public health issue, attempts to understand the neural basis of suicidality have been limited by small sample sizes and a focus on specific psychiatric disorders. This sample comprised 579 participants, of whom 428 had a psychiatric disorder (depression, anxiety or stress-related disorder) and 151 were non-psychiatric controls. All participants underwent structured clinical interviews, including an assessment of suicidality in the past month, and completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. There were 238 (41.1%) participants who met criteria for suicidality and 341 (58.9%) were non-suicidal. Task-derived functional connectivity was calculated for 436 brain regions, comprising 8 intrinsic connectivity networks. Participants who were suicidal had decreased connectivity in a network of 143 connections across 86 brain regions. This pattern was characterized primarily by decreased connectivity within the visual, somatomotor and salience networks, between these networks, and also with the default mode and limbic networks. By adopting a transdiagnostic approach with a very large sample of individuals with mood disorders, anxiety and stress and non-psychiatric participants, this study highlights the hypoconnectivity that characterizes suicidality and points to altered connectivity within and between key networks involved in emotional, sensory and cognitive processes that are implicated in suicidal risk. In this study, the authors use a transdiagnostic approach to assess functional connectivity in individuals with and without a psychiatric diagnosis, showing hypoconnectivity in the default mode, visual and limbic systems associated with suicidality.
虽然自杀风险是一个重大的公共卫生问题,但由于样本量较小,且主要集中在特定的精神疾病上,因此了解自杀倾向的神经基础的尝试受到了限制。该样本由 579 名参与者组成,其中 428 人患有精神障碍(抑郁症、焦虑症或压力相关障碍),151 人为非精神病对照组。所有参与者都接受了结构化临床访谈,包括对过去一个月自杀倾向的评估,并完成了功能磁共振成像扫描。有238人(41.1%)符合自杀标准,341人(58.9%)无自杀倾向。研究人员计算了436个大脑区域的任务衍生功能连接性,其中包括8个内在连接性网络。有自杀倾向的参与者在86个脑区的143个连接网络中的连接性下降。这种模式的主要特点是视觉、躯体运动和显著性网络内部以及这些网络之间的连接性降低,同时与默认模式和边缘网络的连接性也降低。这项研究采用了跨诊断方法,对大量情绪障碍、焦虑和压力患者以及非精神病患者进行了研究,突出强调了作为自杀倾向特征的低连接性,并指出涉及情绪、感觉和认知过程的关键网络内部和之间的连接性发生了改变,而这些过程与自杀风险有牵连。在这项研究中,作者采用了一种跨诊断方法来评估有精神病诊断和没有精神病诊断的个体的功能连接性,结果显示默认模式、视觉和边缘系统的连接性低下与自杀倾向有关。
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引用次数: 0
Why reliving is not remembering and the unique neurobiological representation of traumatic memory 为什么重温不是记忆以及创伤记忆的独特神经生物学表征
Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00324-z
Breanne E. Kearney, Ruth A. Lanius
Anecdotally, the difference between autobiographical and traumatic memory is clear; one is remembered, the other vividly relived. Further distinction can be drawn between past-centered traumatic recurrences and present-centered trauma-related intrusions. While some argue sensorimotor representations to be building blocks of all memory forms, traumatic memory seems to haunt in the form of unintegrated sensations and actions. This Perspective hypothesizes a neurobiological delineation between these memory forms, where traumatic memory is uniquely characterized by alterations to lower-level and primary sensorimotor processes. The proposed demarcation has implications for legal systems, which assume interrogations of autobiographical and traumatic memory can be methodologically identical. Clinically, first-line treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder have yet to explicitly address sensorimotor processes, where up to half of individuals are non-responsive and 20% drop out. We are left with urgent needs to consider sensorimotor fragmentation of traumatic memory and advance interventions that assimilate these fragments into a past-contextualized autobiography. In this Perspective, the authors review the literature regarding the differences between autobiographical and traumatic memory and introduce sensorimotor-based implications for understanding and treating post-traumatic stress disorder.
从轶事来看,自传体记忆和创伤记忆的区别是显而易见的;一个是记忆,另一个是生动的重现。可以进一步区分以过去为中心的创伤复发和以现在为中心的创伤相关侵入。虽然有人认为感觉运动表征是所有记忆形式的基石,但创伤记忆似乎是以未整合的感觉和动作的形式萦绕于心。本视角假设了这些记忆形式之间的神经生物学划分,创伤记忆的独特之处在于低级和初级感觉运动过程的改变。提出的分界对法律系统有影响,因为法律系统认为对自传记忆和创伤记忆的询问在方法上是相同的。在临床上,创伤后应激障碍的一线治疗尚未明确解决感觉运动过程的问题,多达一半的患者对这种治疗没有反应,20%的患者放弃治疗。我们迫切需要考虑创伤记忆的感觉运动片段,并推进干预措施,将这些片段同化为过去语境的自传。在本视角中,作者回顾了有关自传体记忆和创伤记忆之间差异的文献,并介绍了基于感觉运动的创伤后应激障碍理解和治疗的意义。
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引用次数: 0
A protocol for data harmonization in large cohorts 大型队列数据协调协议
Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00315-0
Maja Neidhart, Rikka Kjelkenes, Karina Jansone, Barbora Rehák Bučková, Nathalie Holz, Frauke Nees, Henrik Walter, Gunter Schumann, Michael A. Rapp, Tobias Banaschewski, Emanuel Schwarz, Andre Marquand, on behalf of the environMENTAL consortium
This Comment presents a high-level protocol for data harmonization within large cohorts, in which it postulates four main steps including (1) expert review, (2) pre-statistical harmonization, (3) statistical harmonization, and (4) validation.
本评论提出了在大型队列中统一数据的高级协议,其中假定了四个主要步骤,包括 (1) 专家审查、(2) 统计前统一、(3) 统计统一和 (4) 验证。
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引用次数: 0
Large-scale population data enrichment in mental health research 丰富心理健康研究中的大规模人口数据
Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00316-z
Frauke Nees, Paul Renner, Nathalie E. Holz, Elli Polemiti, Sebastian Siehl, Sören Hese, Kerstin Schepanski, Gunter Schumann, on behalf of the environMENTAL consortium
This Comment explores new approaches to enrich large-scale population data, including incorporating macro-environmental and digital health measures.
本评论探讨了丰富大规模人口数据的新方法,包括纳入宏观环境和数字健康措施。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking ethics in interdisciplinary and big data-driven neuroscience projects 反思跨学科和大数据驱动的神经科学项目中的伦理问题
Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00320-3
Bernd Carsten Stahl, George Ogoh, Gunter Schumann, Henrik Walter, On behalf of the environMENTAL consortium
The focus of much of contemporary research ethics is on compliance with established protocols. However, large data-driven neuroscience research raises new ethical concerns that have no agreed-upon solution. Here we reflect on these challenges and propose better integration of public and patient involvement in this evolving landscape.
当代研究伦理的重点大多在于遵守既定的规程。然而,大型数据驱动的神经科学研究提出了新的伦理问题,而这些问题却没有公认的解决方案。在此,我们对这些挑战进行了反思,并建议在这一不断变化的环境中更好地整合公众和患者的参与。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-omics analyses of the environMENTAL project provide insights into mental health and disease 环境项目的多组学分析为心理健康和疾病提供了洞察力
Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00317-y
Sylvane Desrivières, Abigail Miller, Carina M. Mathey, Xinyang Yu, Di Chen, Kofoworola Agunbiade, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Andreas J. Forstner, Gunter Schumann, Per Hoffmann, Markus M. Nöthen, on behalf of the environMENTAL consortium
Integrative analyses that incorporate different levels of ‘-omics’ data represent a powerful tool for deciphering the biological mechanisms that underlie environmental influences on mental health and disease. This Comment highlights various aspects of such multi-omics approaches, using the example of the EU-funded environMENTAL project.
结合不同层次的 "组学 "数据进行综合分析,是破译环境对心理健康和疾病影响的生物机制的有力工具。本评论以欧盟资助的 environMENTAL 项目为例,重点介绍了此类多组学方法的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
What should constitute a control condition in psychedelic drug trials? 迷幻药试验的对照条件应该是什么?
Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00321-2
Luana Colloca, Maurizio Fava
Over the past decade there has been a surge in interest in placebo-controlled trials using non-classical 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and classical psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) to treat neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the success and reliability of these trials depend on the design of the trials, the choice of control conditions, and the ability to blind both participants and researchers. When appropriate control conditions are lacking, it becomes difficult to disentangle placebo and expectation effects from medication effects. Here we explore the neurobiology of placebo and expectation effects, alongside the methodological considerations for selecting suitable control conditions in psychedelic trials. This includes examining the advantages and disadvantages of various control conditions and proposing new directions to enhance the validity of these trials and their regulatory science. By addressing these factors, we aim to improve the reliability of psychedelic research in uncovering the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics beyond placebo and expectation effects. To improve the reliability of research on the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics beyond placebo and expectation effects, the authors discuss the methodological considerations for selecting suitable control conditions in psychedelic trials and the neurobiology of placebo and expectation effects.
过去十年来,人们对使用非经典的 3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA)和经典迷幻药(如迷幻药、麦角酰二乙胺(LSD)和 N,N-二甲基色胺(DMT))治疗神经精神疾病的安慰剂对照试验兴趣大增。然而,这些试验的成功与否和可靠性取决于试验的设计、对照条件的选择以及对参与者和研究人员进行盲法处理的能力。如果缺乏适当的对照条件,就很难将安慰剂效应和期望效应与药物效应区分开来。在此,我们将探讨安慰剂效应和期望效应的神经生物学原理,以及在迷幻药试验中选择合适对照条件的方法学注意事项。这包括研究各种对照条件的优缺点,并提出新的方向,以提高这些试验及其监管科学的有效性。通过解决这些因素,我们旨在提高迷幻药研究的可靠性,揭示迷幻药在安慰剂和预期效应之外的治疗功效。为了提高有关安慰剂和期望效应之外的迷幻药治疗功效研究的可靠性,作者讨论了在迷幻药试验中选择合适的对照条件的方法论注意事项,以及安慰剂和期望效应的神经生物学。
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引用次数: 0
Dysfunction in sensorimotor and default mode networks in major depressive disorder with insights from global brain connectivity 重度抑郁症患者的感觉运动和默认模式网络功能障碍与全局大脑连接的启示
Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00323-0
Yajuan Zhang, Chu-Chung Huang, Jiajia Zhao, Yuchen Liu, Mingrui Xia, Xiaoqin Wang, Dongtao Wei, Yuan Chen, Bangshan Liu, Yanting Zheng, Yankun Wu, Taolin Chen, Yuqi Cheng, Xiufeng Xu, Qiyong Gong, Tianmei Si, Shijun Qiu, Jingliang Cheng, Yanqing Tang, Fei Wang, Jiang Qiu, Peng Xie, Lingjiang Li, Yong He, Ching-Po Lin, DIDA-Major Depressive Disorder Working Group, Chun-Yi Zac Lo
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is recognized as a severe mental illness with imbalanced interactions among brain networks. However, the detailed mechanisms of large-scale network dysfunction and their clinical implications are not fully understood. To explore the neurological basis of altered connectivity within the brain, the current case-control study aimed to examine large-scale connectivity coherence in MDD using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 1,148 individuals with MDD and 1,079 healthy volunteers across nine research centers. Global brain connectivity (GBC) was estimated and compared between groups. Compared with healthy volunteers, individuals with MDD had decreased GBC in sensorimotor/visual networks and increased GBC mainly in default mode networks (DMNs) (voxel-level P < 0.001, cluster-level P < 0.05). These main findings were consistent across different clinical states of MDD, indicating their independence from clinical factors (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected). Further seed connectivity revealed that individuals with MDD had heightened connectivity between DMNs and primary sensory cortices, but reduced connectivity within primary sensory cortices (voxel-level P < 0.001, cluster-level P < 0.05). The findings suggest a network imbalance toward the DMNs at the expense of the sensorimotor/visual networks in individuals with MDD experiencing a depressive episode. These alterations, involving both higher-order cognitive systems and low-level sensory systems, could provide insights into understanding the multifaceted clinical and cognitive deficits observed in MDD. Using a large multisite dataset of people with major depressive disorder and healthy controls, the authors show global brain connectivity alterations in the sensorimotor, visual, and default mode networks.
重度抑郁障碍(MDD)被认为是一种严重的精神疾病,其大脑网络之间的相互作用失衡。然而,大规模网络功能失调的详细机制及其临床影响尚未完全明了。为了探索大脑连通性改变的神经学基础,目前的病例对照研究旨在利用九个研究中心的 1148 名 MDD 患者和 1079 名健康志愿者的静息态功能磁共振成像数据,研究 MDD 患者的大规模连通性一致性。研究人员估算了全脑连通性(GBC),并对不同组间的连通性进行了比较。与健康志愿者相比,多发性硬化症患者在感觉运动/视觉网络中的全局连接性降低,而主要在默认模式网络(DMN)中的全局连接性增加(体素水平 P < 0.001,群集水平 P < 0.05)。这些主要发现在 MDD 的不同临床状态下是一致的,表明它们与临床因素无关(P < 0.05,FDR 校正)。进一步的种子连通性显示,MDD患者的DMN与初级感觉皮层之间的连通性增强,但初级感觉皮层内部的连通性降低(体素水平P < 0.001,簇水平P < 0.05)。研究结果表明,在抑郁发作的 MDD 患者中,DMN 的网络失衡,牺牲了感觉运动/视觉网络。这些改变同时涉及高阶认知系统和低阶感觉系统,可以帮助人们理解在 MDD 中观察到的多方面临床和认知缺陷。作者利用一个由重度抑郁症患者和健康对照者组成的大型多站点数据集,显示了感官运动、视觉和默认模式网络的全局性大脑连接改变。
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引用次数: 0
Determining pathways that link brain, body, lifestyle and mental health 确定连接大脑、身体、生活方式和心理健康的途径
Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00307-0
Using multimodal brain imaging and organ-specific physiological markers from more than 18,000 adult participants of the UK Biobank database, this study reveals integrated pathways that explain the interplay between brain, body, environment and lifestyle, and their collective influence on mental health outcomes.
这项研究利用多模态脑成像技术和英国生物库数据库中 18,000 多名成年参与者的器官特异性生理标记,揭示了大脑、身体、环境和生活方式之间相互作用的综合途径,以及它们对心理健康结果的共同影响。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping connectivity and network alterations in youth depression by functional brain imaging 通过脑功能成像绘制青少年抑郁症的连通性和网络改变图
Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-024-00327-w
Analyses of functional MRI brain images of young people with depression revealed that altered brain connectivity associated with this disorder is circumscribed to specific networks and hub regions, including the default mode and attentional networks. The magnitude of these connectivity changes is a reliable predictor of depression symptom severity.
对患有抑郁症的年轻人进行的功能性核磁共振成像脑图像分析表明,与这种疾病相关的大脑连通性改变局限于特定的网络和枢纽区域,包括默认模式和注意力网络。这些连接性变化的程度可以可靠地预测抑郁症状的严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nature mental health
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