Pub Date : 2024-11-11DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00093-8
Yolanda Lau, Amit Bansal, Cassandre Palix, Harriet Demnitz-King, Miranka Wirth, Olga Klimecki, Gael Chetelat, Géraldine Poisnel, Natalie L. Marchant, The Medit-Ageing Research Group
Emerging evidence suggests that repetitive negative thinking (RNT; i.e., worry and ruminative brooding) is associated with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease. Given that women have a greater risk of many neurodegenerative diseases, this study investigated whether worry and brooding are associated with general neurodegeneration and whether associations differ by sex. Exploratory analyses examined whether allostatic load, a marker of chronic stress, mediates any observed relationships. Baseline data from 134 cognitively healthy older adults in the Age-Well clinical trial were utilised. Worry and brooding were assessed using questionnaires. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), a biomarker of neurodegeneration, was quantified using a Meso Scale Discovery assay. We found a positive interaction between brooding and sex on NfL, with higher brooding associated with greater NfL levels in women. No associations were observed between worry/ruminative brooding and allostatic load. These results offer preliminary support that RNT is associated with worse brain health, specifically in women.
{"title":"Sex differences in the association between repetitive negative thinking and neurofilament light","authors":"Yolanda Lau, Amit Bansal, Cassandre Palix, Harriet Demnitz-King, Miranka Wirth, Olga Klimecki, Gael Chetelat, Géraldine Poisnel, Natalie L. Marchant, The Medit-Ageing Research Group","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00093-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00093-8","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging evidence suggests that repetitive negative thinking (RNT; i.e., worry and ruminative brooding) is associated with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease. Given that women have a greater risk of many neurodegenerative diseases, this study investigated whether worry and brooding are associated with general neurodegeneration and whether associations differ by sex. Exploratory analyses examined whether allostatic load, a marker of chronic stress, mediates any observed relationships. Baseline data from 134 cognitively healthy older adults in the Age-Well clinical trial were utilised. Worry and brooding were assessed using questionnaires. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), a biomarker of neurodegeneration, was quantified using a Meso Scale Discovery assay. We found a positive interaction between brooding and sex on NfL, with higher brooding associated with greater NfL levels in women. No associations were observed between worry/ruminative brooding and allostatic load. These results offer preliminary support that RNT is associated with worse brain health, specifically in women.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00093-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00096-5
Aaron M. McCright, Eric D. Achtyes, Robyn Bluhm, Laura Y. Cabrera
In recent years, legislators in many states have proposed laws governing the use of psychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs), which use electrical or magnetic stimulation to treat mental disorders. To examine how the PEI views of relevant stakeholder groups (e.g., psychiatrists, patients, caregivers, and general public) relate to preferences for proposed policies governing PEI use, we analyze data from a survey on using one of four PEIs to treat major depressive disorder administered to national samples of the stakeholder groups above. We find that the three non-clinician groups’ similar PEI policy preferences differ significantly from those of psychiatrists—with the greatest divide on policies governing the use of electroconvulsive therapy. This divide between psychiatrists’ and non-clinicians’ PEI policy preferences was greater with access-reducing than with access-expanding policies. We advise policymakers to consider such variation in the preferred availability of PEIs across modalities and stakeholder groups when crafting legislation on these interventions.
{"title":"Explaining key stakeholders’ preferences for potential policies governing psychiatric electroceutical intervention use","authors":"Aaron M. McCright, Eric D. Achtyes, Robyn Bluhm, Laura Y. Cabrera","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00096-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00096-5","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, legislators in many states have proposed laws governing the use of psychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs), which use electrical or magnetic stimulation to treat mental disorders. To examine how the PEI views of relevant stakeholder groups (e.g., psychiatrists, patients, caregivers, and general public) relate to preferences for proposed policies governing PEI use, we analyze data from a survey on using one of four PEIs to treat major depressive disorder administered to national samples of the stakeholder groups above. We find that the three non-clinician groups’ similar PEI policy preferences differ significantly from those of psychiatrists—with the greatest divide on policies governing the use of electroconvulsive therapy. This divide between psychiatrists’ and non-clinicians’ PEI policy preferences was greater with access-reducing than with access-expanding policies. We advise policymakers to consider such variation in the preferred availability of PEIs across modalities and stakeholder groups when crafting legislation on these interventions.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00096-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00087-6
Annika M. Schoene, Suzanne Garverich, Iman Ibrahim, Sia Shah, Benjamin Irving, Clifford C. Dacso
Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is often not preceded by a diagnosed mental health condition, therefore making it difficult to study and mitigate. Artificial Intelligence has increasingly been used to better understand Social Determinants of Health factors that influence suicide outcomes. In this review we find that many studies use limited SDoH information and minority groups are often underrepresented, thereby omitting important factors that could influence risk of suicide.
{"title":"Automatically extracting social determinants of health for suicide: a narrative literature review","authors":"Annika M. Schoene, Suzanne Garverich, Iman Ibrahim, Sia Shah, Benjamin Irving, Clifford C. Dacso","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00087-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00087-6","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is often not preceded by a diagnosed mental health condition, therefore making it difficult to study and mitigate. Artificial Intelligence has increasingly been used to better understand Social Determinants of Health factors that influence suicide outcomes. In this review we find that many studies use limited SDoH information and minority groups are often underrepresented, thereby omitting important factors that could influence risk of suicide.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00087-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00094-7
Erika L. Gustafson, Stephanie A. Torres
Community health workers (CHWs) have demonstrated effectiveness in delivering EBTs; however, the integration of CHWs in the U.S. mental health system remains limited. This Comment presents key recommendations for optimizing CHW integration into the mental health spectrum of care to better meet the needs of youth. We discuss necessary advancements across domains of practice, research, and policy to support the sustainability of these models.
{"title":"Advancing community health worker models to support youth and families’ mental health","authors":"Erika L. Gustafson, Stephanie A. Torres","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00094-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00094-7","url":null,"abstract":"Community health workers (CHWs) have demonstrated effectiveness in delivering EBTs; however, the integration of CHWs in the U.S. mental health system remains limited. This Comment presents key recommendations for optimizing CHW integration into the mental health spectrum of care to better meet the needs of youth. We discuss necessary advancements across domains of practice, research, and policy to support the sustainability of these models.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00099-2
David Benrimoh, Azeezat Azeez, Jean-Marie Batail, Xiaoqian Xiao, Derrick Buchanan, Igor D. Bandeira, Andrew Geoly, Yaakov Keynan, Ian H. Kratter, Nolan R. Williams
Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), has recently shown rapid efficacy in difficult to treat (DTT) depression. We conducted an exploratory analysis of individual symptom improvements during treatment, correlated with fMRI, to investigate this rapid improvement in 23 DTT participants from an SNT RCT (12 active, 11 sham). Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale item 7 (Lassitude) was the earliest to show improvements between active and sham, as early as treatment day 2. Lassitude score at treatment day 3 was predictive of response at 4 weeks post-treatment and response immediately after treatment. Participants with lower lassitude scores at treatment day 3 had different patterns of sgACC functional connectivity compared to participants with higher scores in both baseline and post-treatment minus baseline analyses. Further work will aim to first replicate these preliminary findings, and then to extend these findings and examine how SNT may affect lassitude and behavioral activation early in treatment.
{"title":"Early differences in lassitude predicts outcomes in Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy for difficult to treat depression","authors":"David Benrimoh, Azeezat Azeez, Jean-Marie Batail, Xiaoqian Xiao, Derrick Buchanan, Igor D. Bandeira, Andrew Geoly, Yaakov Keynan, Ian H. Kratter, Nolan R. Williams","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00099-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00099-2","url":null,"abstract":"Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), has recently shown rapid efficacy in difficult to treat (DTT) depression. We conducted an exploratory analysis of individual symptom improvements during treatment, correlated with fMRI, to investigate this rapid improvement in 23 DTT participants from an SNT RCT (12 active, 11 sham). Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale item 7 (Lassitude) was the earliest to show improvements between active and sham, as early as treatment day 2. Lassitude score at treatment day 3 was predictive of response at 4 weeks post-treatment and response immediately after treatment. Participants with lower lassitude scores at treatment day 3 had different patterns of sgACC functional connectivity compared to participants with higher scores in both baseline and post-treatment minus baseline analyses. Further work will aim to first replicate these preliminary findings, and then to extend these findings and examine how SNT may affect lassitude and behavioral activation early in treatment.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00099-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-27DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00097-4
Steven Siddals, John Torous, Astrid Coxon
The global mental health crisis underscores the need for accessible, effective interventions. Chatbots based on generative artificial intelligence (AI), like ChatGPT, are emerging as novel solutions, but research on real-life usage is limited. We interviewed nineteen individuals about their experiences using generative AI chatbots for mental health. Participants reported high engagement and positive impacts, including better relationships and healing from trauma and loss. We developed four themes: (1) a sense of ‘emotional sanctuary’, (2) ‘insightful guidance’, particularly about relationships, (3) the ‘joy of connection’, and (4) comparisons between the ‘AI therapist’ and human therapy. Some themes echoed prior research on rule-based chatbots, while others seemed novel to generative AI. Participants emphasised the need for better safety guardrails, human-like memory and the ability to lead the therapeutic process. Generative AI chatbots may offer mental health support that feels meaningful to users, but further research is needed on safety and effectiveness.
{"title":"“It happened to be the perfect thing”: experiences of generative AI chatbots for mental health","authors":"Steven Siddals, John Torous, Astrid Coxon","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00097-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00097-4","url":null,"abstract":"The global mental health crisis underscores the need for accessible, effective interventions. Chatbots based on generative artificial intelligence (AI), like ChatGPT, are emerging as novel solutions, but research on real-life usage is limited. We interviewed nineteen individuals about their experiences using generative AI chatbots for mental health. Participants reported high engagement and positive impacts, including better relationships and healing from trauma and loss. We developed four themes: (1) a sense of ‘emotional sanctuary’, (2) ‘insightful guidance’, particularly about relationships, (3) the ‘joy of connection’, and (4) comparisons between the ‘AI therapist’ and human therapy. Some themes echoed prior research on rule-based chatbots, while others seemed novel to generative AI. Participants emphasised the need for better safety guardrails, human-like memory and the ability to lead the therapeutic process. Generative AI chatbots may offer mental health support that feels meaningful to users, but further research is needed on safety and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00097-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00088-5
Roy Adams, Emily E. Haroz, Paul Rebman, Rose Suttle, Luke Grosvenor, Mira Bajaj, Rohan R. Dayal, Dominick Maggio, Chelsea L. Kettering, Novalene Goklish
We developed and evaluated an electronic health record (EHR)-based model for suicide risk specific to an American Indian patient population. Using EHR data for all patients over 18 with a visit between 1/1/2017 and 10/2/2021, we developed a model for the risk of a suicide attempt or death in the 90 days following a visit. Features included demographics, medications, diagnoses, and scores from relevant screening tools. We compared the predictive performance of logistic regression and random forest models against existing suicide screening, which was augmented to include the history of previous attempts or ideation. During the study, 16,835 patients had 331,588 visits, with 490 attempts and 37 deaths by suicide. The logistic regression and random forest models (area under the ROC (AUROC) 0.83 [0.80–0.86]; both models) performed better than enhanced screening (AUROC 0.64 [0.61–0.67]). These results suggest that an EHR-based suicide risk model can add value to existing practices at Indian Health Service clinics.
{"title":"Developing a suicide risk model for use in the Indian Health Service","authors":"Roy Adams, Emily E. Haroz, Paul Rebman, Rose Suttle, Luke Grosvenor, Mira Bajaj, Rohan R. Dayal, Dominick Maggio, Chelsea L. Kettering, Novalene Goklish","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00088-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00088-5","url":null,"abstract":"We developed and evaluated an electronic health record (EHR)-based model for suicide risk specific to an American Indian patient population. Using EHR data for all patients over 18 with a visit between 1/1/2017 and 10/2/2021, we developed a model for the risk of a suicide attempt or death in the 90 days following a visit. Features included demographics, medications, diagnoses, and scores from relevant screening tools. We compared the predictive performance of logistic regression and random forest models against existing suicide screening, which was augmented to include the history of previous attempts or ideation. During the study, 16,835 patients had 331,588 visits, with 490 attempts and 37 deaths by suicide. The logistic regression and random forest models (area under the ROC (AUROC) 0.83 [0.80–0.86]; both models) performed better than enhanced screening (AUROC 0.64 [0.61–0.67]). These results suggest that an EHR-based suicide risk model can add value to existing practices at Indian Health Service clinics.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00088-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00092-9
Yasuhiro Kotera, Amy Ronaldson, Daniel Hayes, Holly Hunter-Brown, Merly McPhilbin, Danielle Dunnett, Tesnime Jebara, Simran Takhi, Takahiko Masuda, Elizabeth Camacho, Ioannis Bakolis, Julie Repper, Sara Meddings, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Lisa Brophy, Clara De Ruysscher, Michail Okoliyski, Petra Kubinová, Lene Eplov, Charlotte Toernes, Dagmar Narusson, Aurélie Tinland, Bernd Puschner, Ramona Hiltensperger, Fabio Lucchi, Yuki Miyamoto, Stynke Castelein, Marit Borg, Trude Gøril Klevan, Roger Tan Boon Meng, Chatdanai Sornchai, Kruawon Tiengtom, Marianne Farkas, Hannah Moreland Jones, Edith Moore, Ann Butler, Richard Mpango, Samson Tse, Zsuzsa Kondor, Michael Ryan, Gianfranco Zuaboni, Dan Elton, Jason Grant-Rowles, Rebecca McNaughton, Charlotte Hanlon, Claire Harcla, Wouter Vanderplasschen, Simone Arbour, Denise Silverstone, Ulrika Bejerholm, Candice Powell, Susana Ochoa, Mar Garcia-Franco, Jonna Tolonen, Caroline Yeo, Ashleigh Charles, Claire Henderson, Mike Slade
Recovery Colleges (RCs) are learning-based mental health recovery communities, located globally. However, evidence on RC effectiveness outside Western, educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries is limited. This study aimed to evaluate associations between cultural characteristics and RC fidelity, to understand how culture impacts RC operation. Service managers from 169 RCs spanning 28 WEIRD and non-WEIRD countries assessed the fidelity using the RECOLLECT Fidelity Measure, developed based upon key RC operation components. Hofstede’s cultural dimension scores were entered as predictors in linear mixed-effects regression models, controlling for GDP spent on healthcare and Gini coefficient. Higher Individualism and Indulgence, and lower Uncertainty Avoidance were associated with higher fidelity, while Long-Term Orientation was a borderline negative predictor. RC operations were predominantly aligned with WEIRD cultures, highlighting the need to incorporate non-WEIRD cultural perspectives to enhance RCs’ global impact. Findings can inform the refinement and evaluation of mental health recovery interventions worldwide.
{"title":"28-country global study on associations between cultural characteristics and Recovery College fidelity","authors":"Yasuhiro Kotera, Amy Ronaldson, Daniel Hayes, Holly Hunter-Brown, Merly McPhilbin, Danielle Dunnett, Tesnime Jebara, Simran Takhi, Takahiko Masuda, Elizabeth Camacho, Ioannis Bakolis, Julie Repper, Sara Meddings, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Lisa Brophy, Clara De Ruysscher, Michail Okoliyski, Petra Kubinová, Lene Eplov, Charlotte Toernes, Dagmar Narusson, Aurélie Tinland, Bernd Puschner, Ramona Hiltensperger, Fabio Lucchi, Yuki Miyamoto, Stynke Castelein, Marit Borg, Trude Gøril Klevan, Roger Tan Boon Meng, Chatdanai Sornchai, Kruawon Tiengtom, Marianne Farkas, Hannah Moreland Jones, Edith Moore, Ann Butler, Richard Mpango, Samson Tse, Zsuzsa Kondor, Michael Ryan, Gianfranco Zuaboni, Dan Elton, Jason Grant-Rowles, Rebecca McNaughton, Charlotte Hanlon, Claire Harcla, Wouter Vanderplasschen, Simone Arbour, Denise Silverstone, Ulrika Bejerholm, Candice Powell, Susana Ochoa, Mar Garcia-Franco, Jonna Tolonen, Caroline Yeo, Ashleigh Charles, Claire Henderson, Mike Slade","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00092-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00092-9","url":null,"abstract":"Recovery Colleges (RCs) are learning-based mental health recovery communities, located globally. However, evidence on RC effectiveness outside Western, educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries is limited. This study aimed to evaluate associations between cultural characteristics and RC fidelity, to understand how culture impacts RC operation. Service managers from 169 RCs spanning 28 WEIRD and non-WEIRD countries assessed the fidelity using the RECOLLECT Fidelity Measure, developed based upon key RC operation components. Hofstede’s cultural dimension scores were entered as predictors in linear mixed-effects regression models, controlling for GDP spent on healthcare and Gini coefficient. Higher Individualism and Indulgence, and lower Uncertainty Avoidance were associated with higher fidelity, while Long-Term Orientation was a borderline negative predictor. RC operations were predominantly aligned with WEIRD cultures, highlighting the need to incorporate non-WEIRD cultural perspectives to enhance RCs’ global impact. Findings can inform the refinement and evaluation of mental health recovery interventions worldwide.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00092-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-06DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w
Jack D. C. Dahan, David Dadiomov, Tijmen Bostoen, Albert Dahan
There is some evidence that the subjective effects of ketamine and other psychedelics like psilocybin are crucial for their therapeutic outcomes, such as treatment of depression or substance use disorder (SUD). We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review on the correlation of subjective symptoms and dissociation versus ketamine-induced therapeutic outcomes in patients with depression or SUD. A similar analysis was conducted for psilocybin-induced therapeutic improvement. We retrieved 23 papers studying ketamine (21 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 471 patients and 8 papers studying psilocybin (6 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 183 patients. Our study demonstrated a modest role for subjective effects mediating therapeutic outcomes, with R2-values ranging from 5–10% for ketamine and for psilocybine the R2 was 24%. A greater mediating effect for psilocybin compared to ketamine was detected, particularly when restricting the analysis to depression. Additionally there is a greater mediating effect in SUD than depression, irrespective of treatment.
{"title":"Meta-correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome","authors":"Jack D. C. Dahan, David Dadiomov, Tijmen Bostoen, Albert Dahan","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w","url":null,"abstract":"There is some evidence that the subjective effects of ketamine and other psychedelics like psilocybin are crucial for their therapeutic outcomes, such as treatment of depression or substance use disorder (SUD). We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review on the correlation of subjective symptoms and dissociation versus ketamine-induced therapeutic outcomes in patients with depression or SUD. A similar analysis was conducted for psilocybin-induced therapeutic improvement. We retrieved 23 papers studying ketamine (21 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 471 patients and 8 papers studying psilocybin (6 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 183 patients. Our study demonstrated a modest role for subjective effects mediating therapeutic outcomes, with R2-values ranging from 5–10% for ketamine and for psilocybine the R2 was 24%. A greater mediating effect for psilocybin compared to ketamine was detected, particularly when restricting the analysis to depression. Additionally there is a greater mediating effect in SUD than depression, irrespective of treatment.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00091-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00090-x
Filippo Corponi, Bryan M. Li, Gerard Anmella, Clàudia Valenzuela-Pascual, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Marc Valentí, Iria Grande, Antonio Benabarre, Marina Garriga, Eduard Vieta, Stephen M. Lawrie, Heather C. Whalley, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Antonio Vergari
Bipolar disorder (BD) involves autonomic nervous system dysfunction, detectable through heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is a promising biomarker, but its dynamics during acute mania or depression episodes are poorly understood. Using a Bayesian approach, we developed a probabilistic model of HRV changes in BD, measured by the natural logarithm of the Root Mean Square of Successive RR interval Differences (lnRMSSD). Patients were assessed three to four times from episode onset to euthymia. Unlike previous studies, which used only two assessments, our model allowed for more accurate tracking of changes. Results showed strong evidence for a positive lnRMSSD change during symptom resolution (95.175% probability of positive direction), though the sample size limited the precision of this effect (95% Highest Density Interval [−0.0366, 0.4706], with a Region of Practical Equivalence: [-0.05; 0.05]). Episode polarity did not significantly influence lnRMSSD changes.
{"title":"A Bayesian analysis of heart rate variability changes over acute episodes of bipolar disorder","authors":"Filippo Corponi, Bryan M. Li, Gerard Anmella, Clàudia Valenzuela-Pascual, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Marc Valentí, Iria Grande, Antonio Benabarre, Marina Garriga, Eduard Vieta, Stephen M. Lawrie, Heather C. Whalley, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Antonio Vergari","doi":"10.1038/s44184-024-00090-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44184-024-00090-x","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar disorder (BD) involves autonomic nervous system dysfunction, detectable through heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is a promising biomarker, but its dynamics during acute mania or depression episodes are poorly understood. Using a Bayesian approach, we developed a probabilistic model of HRV changes in BD, measured by the natural logarithm of the Root Mean Square of Successive RR interval Differences (lnRMSSD). Patients were assessed three to four times from episode onset to euthymia. Unlike previous studies, which used only two assessments, our model allowed for more accurate tracking of changes. Results showed strong evidence for a positive lnRMSSD change during symptom resolution (95.175% probability of positive direction), though the sample size limited the precision of this effect (95% Highest Density Interval [−0.0366, 0.4706], with a Region of Practical Equivalence: [-0.05; 0.05]). Episode polarity did not significantly influence lnRMSSD changes.","PeriodicalId":74321,"journal":{"name":"Npj mental health research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-024-00090-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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