Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences最新文献

In the present article, we present how M-connectedness differs from similar concepts in general topology, and the notion of closed subspace mixed M-topology in mixed M-topological space by extending the concept of closed subspace M-topology. We also define the notions of M-connectedness and M-compactness on mixed M-topological spaces. We investigate different properties of M-connectedness and M-compactness via two subspace mixed M-topologies.

Two-occasion sampling might only provide a snapshot of the phenomenon under investigation. Extending to h occasions allows researchers to capture long-term trends, patterns, and changes that may emerge over time. In h-occasion successive sampling, the effective estimation of population mean is an important factor for agriculture, socioeconomic, pandemics surveys when reliable estimates are required at the h-th occasion (recent-occasion). A difference-type model of an estimator is suggested for the estimation which is escorted with the information on two auxiliary variables. The optimal estimator is the combination of the matched and unmatched sample units in the h-occasion successive sampling. Empirical studies with the competent natural mean estimator and difference type estimator based on bias and mean square errors have been demonstrated in the estimator's efficiency context. A data analysis has been conducted for the applicability to the suggested model. The approach of this work provides valuable insights into long-term trends, developmental trajectories, causal relationships, and the dynamic nature of the real-world problems.

In the presented paper, we present the concept of rough statistical convergence and the set of rough statistical limit points ((st-text {LIM}^r h)) for functions defined on discrete countable amenable semigroups (DCASG) with some properties such as boundedness, closedness and convexity. Then, for functions defined on DCASG, the relationships between (st-text {LIM}^r h) and statistical cluster points are discussed

We present an analysis of the steady two-dimensional flow of chemically reacting and electrically conducting Casson fluid over a permeable flat stretching sheet. The flow is subjected to nonlinear space- dependent stretching as well as magnetic field intensity. The presence of a transverse magnetic field and a saturated porous medium result in the formation of two volumetric body forces that act on the flow field. The consideration of the diffusion-thermos effect (Dufour effect), accounts for additional heat flux due to the concentration gradient. The presence of viscous instability is controlled by introducing Casson fluid and suction at the plate; the less Casson fluidity and the greater the Dufour effect accelerate thermal energy transfer; and an increase in the magnitude of skin friction leads to progressive thinning of the boundary layer, which is required to maintain laminarity of the considered flow.

In this study, moving least squares approach (MLSA) is used for solar radiation (SR) estimation in the selected region. While developing new models with the MLSA, three different weight functions which are Gaussian, cubic spline and Wendland are used. The compatibility of some modified Angström-type equations were tested to estimate of monthly average daily global SR at selected region. The most suitable equation was found by comparing with the values measured and obtained from the equation. In this paper, six different statistical error analysis tests are used in order to compare the performance of new proposed models. According to the results obtained in the selected region, the weight function for which the best performance values are obtained is the cubic spline weight function.

Hybrid numbers are introduced as a linear combination of complex, dual and hyperbolic numbers, where hybrid units satisfy (i^{2}=-1), (epsilon ^{2}=0) and (h^{2}=1), respectively. The main motivation of this study is to present dual hybrid numbers and dual hybrid matrices. In this context, we first give some results of hybrid numbers related to complex and hyperbolic numbers. Afterward, we define hybrid matrix representation of a dual hybrid matrix by introducing dual hybrid matrices whose elements consist of dual hybrid numbers. Since dual hybrid numbers are not commutative, it is necessary to examine the right and left eigenvalues of dual hybrid matrices separately. In this article, we focus on the right eigenvalues of dual hybrid matrices and give some of their properties. Finally, we provide hybrid matrix representations of dual hybrid numbers and support our results with an example

In this study, electrical discharge machining (EDM) was performed on aluminum 7075 reinforced with boron carbide (9 wt%) and titanium diboride (3 wt%) materials. The composites were manufactured via a stir-casting process. The experiments were planned according to the Taguchi design of experiments, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to study the effect of the output parameters on the input parameters. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the machinability characteristics of the machined surfaces. Finally, the output was optimized using grey relational analysis (GRA), and a confirmation test was conducted to validate the results. The results revealed that the optimal process parameters were input current (IP) = 3 A, pulse-on-time (Ton) = 75 μs, and gap voltage (V) = 50 V. Confirmation experiments corroborated the effectiveness of the GRA-optimized parameters, yielding an enhancement of GRG (grey relational grade) values. Current (IP) emerged as the most significant parameter, contributing 79.45% to the variance, followed by Ton at 8.23% and gap voltage at 4.06%. It was observed that surfaces machined under the optimal process parameters exhibited minimal unevenness compared to surfaces machined under initial and higher-level conditions.

In this paper, we study the concept of strongly clean semiring. Let S be a semiring. An element (ain S) is called strongly clean if (a = e + u) with e an idempotent in S and u a unit in S such that (eu=ue). A semiring S is said to be strongly clean if every nonzero element of S is strongly clean. We mainly study the notion of strongly clean semiring and obtain some important characterizations of strongly clean semiring in connection with exchange semiring, antisimple semiring and inverse semiring.

In this study trend analysis and bias correction have been done for dry (January–May) and wet (June–September) seasons under two future climate period 2021–2050 and 2051–2080 with respect to the current climate period 1980–2012 in Eastern India. The different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) of 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5 were used to assess the future trend of the study area. Results indicate that the increasing RCP increases temperature (maximum and minimum) in all regions due to higher radiative forces (4–8.5 W/m²) with respect to the baseline temperature during the period 2051–2080. Further, the bias-corrected rainfall has a declined trend with respect to baseline, and RCP’s values for both the time slices (2021–2050 and 2051–2080) showed less scattering in the amount of rainfall for the wet season in comparison to the dry season.

In this paper, we present a new method to perform all optical HALF ADDER by using Hypersecant Optical Soliton Pulse (HOSP). To implement this logic operation, we use four HOSP, out of which two are used as a form of signal pulse and other two as triggering pulse. Soliton pulse interacts with each other with a definite phase relationship and then output changes in accordance with applied condition. In this way we get output logic as a HALF-ADDER circuit. The logic GATE concept by using soliton is a new idea on nonlinear Photonics. The method of soliton superposition is simulated by MATLAB simulator and the result confirms the logical truth table for HALF ADDER.