Pub Date : 2024-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100200
Rahn K. Bailey , Kristin M. Clemens , Bex Portela , Hannah Bowrey , Samantha N. Pfeiffer , Gabrielle Geonnotti , Anna Riley , Jay Sminchak , Susan Lakey Kevo , Ronaldo R. Naranjo
Understanding patients’ lived experiences can identify knowledge gaps, informing better care. The objective of the study was to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of patients from diverse backgrounds diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). US patients aged ≥18 years who self-reported having MDD diagnosed by healthcare professionals (HCPs) completed demographic surveys and one-on-one (1:1) semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited from a Patient Engagement Research Council and the study was classified as market research. Transcripts were evaluated with thematic analyses using the Braun and Clarke approach, quantifying theme frequencies across demographic categories. Among 14 interview respondents, key motivators for help-seeking and treatment adherence were positive patient–HCP relationships, accessible resources on MDD, and a sense of personal responsibility. Key barriers included stigma surrounding mental health issues, feelings of ethnic/cultural mismatch with their HCP, and inconsistencies/changes in HCP support. Patients suggested increasing access to credible educational resources within the community at the help-seeking phase to locate appropriate HCPs and encourage adherence to treatment. Carefully pairing HCPs and patients with MDD to build trusting and respectful relationships can improve shared decision-making and patient outcomes, facilitating high-quality continued care. Accessible, credible resources relevant to all patients and efforts to destigmatize mental health diagnoses may encourage help-seeking and treatment adherence in MDD.
{"title":"Motivators and barriers to help-seeking and treatment adherence in major depressive disorder: A patient perspective","authors":"Rahn K. Bailey , Kristin M. Clemens , Bex Portela , Hannah Bowrey , Samantha N. Pfeiffer , Gabrielle Geonnotti , Anna Riley , Jay Sminchak , Susan Lakey Kevo , Ronaldo R. Naranjo","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding patients’ lived experiences can identify knowledge gaps, informing better care. The objective of the study was to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of patients from diverse backgrounds diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). US patients aged ≥18 years who self-reported having MDD diagnosed by healthcare professionals (HCPs) completed demographic surveys and one-on-one (1:1) semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited from a Patient Engagement Research Council and the study was classified as market research. Transcripts were evaluated with thematic analyses using the Braun and Clarke approach, quantifying theme frequencies across demographic categories. Among 14 interview respondents, key motivators for help-seeking and treatment adherence were positive patient–HCP relationships, accessible resources on MDD, and a sense of personal responsibility. Key barriers included stigma surrounding mental health issues, feelings of ethnic/cultural mismatch with their HCP, and inconsistencies/changes in HCP support. Patients suggested increasing access to credible educational resources within the community at the help-seeking phase to locate appropriate HCPs and encourage adherence to treatment. Carefully pairing HCPs and patients with MDD to build trusting and respectful relationships can improve shared decision-making and patient outcomes, facilitating high-quality continued care. Accessible, credible resources relevant to all patients and efforts to destigmatize mental health diagnoses may encourage help-seeking and treatment adherence in MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100199
Jon E. Grant , Samuel R. Chamberlain
Background
This study sought to examine the conceptualization of compulsive buying disorder in a sample of adults drawn from the community and its associated mental health correlates.
Methods
An online survey of “Personality, Mental Health, and Well-Being” was distributed to 300 adults aged 18–75 years. The survey measured a range of behaviors, such as buying behavior, alcohol and drug use, impulse control disorders, and dimensional constructs of impulsivity and obsessive-compulsiveness.
Results
A total of 294 participants (54.7% female) completed the survey and were included in the analysis. The overall frequency of probable compulsive buying disorder was 5.4% (n = 16). Compared to adults without compulsive buying disorder, those with probable compulsive buying disorder were significantly less likely to identify as heterosexual and were significantly more likely to endorse attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug use problems, symptoms of borderline personality disorder, binge eating disorder, and had higher levels of compulsivity plus impulsivity.
Conclusion
Compulsive buying disorder appears to be fairly common in adults and appears to have symptom or diagnostic overlap with obsessive-compulsive problems, addictive disorders, and impulse control disorders. Findings highlight the need for careful clinical screening to identify often overlooked comorbidities and treat them on an individual patient basis, as well as the need to conduct high-quality clinical trials for compulsive buying disorder itself and to explore its presentation longitudinally at large scale.
{"title":"Compulsive buying disorder: Conceptualization based on addictive, impulsive, and obsessive-compulsive features and comorbidity","authors":"Jon E. Grant , Samuel R. Chamberlain","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study sought to examine the conceptualization of compulsive buying disorder in a sample of adults drawn from the community and its associated mental health correlates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey of “Personality, Mental Health, and Well-Being” was distributed to 300 adults aged 18–75 years. The survey measured a range of behaviors, such as buying behavior, alcohol and drug use, impulse control disorders, and dimensional constructs of impulsivity and obsessive-compulsiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 294 participants (54.7% female) completed the survey and were included in the analysis. The overall frequency of probable compulsive buying disorder was 5.4% (n = 16). Compared to adults without compulsive buying disorder, those with probable compulsive buying disorder were significantly less likely to identify as heterosexual and were significantly more likely to endorse attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug use problems, symptoms of borderline personality disorder, binge eating disorder, and had higher levels of compulsivity plus impulsivity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compulsive buying disorder appears to be <strong>fairly</strong> common in adults and appears to have symptom or diagnostic overlap with obsessive-compulsive problems, addictive disorders, and impulse control disorders. Findings highlight the need for careful clinical screening to identify often overlooked comorbidities and treat them on an individual patient basis, as well as the need to conduct high-quality clinical trials for compulsive buying disorder itself and to explore its presentation longitudinally at large scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100197
Chee-kit Chan , Xin Wang , Xue Yang
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and relationships of cyber fraud on dating applications and mental health among emerging adults. An online survey was conducted in Hong Kong (n = 401). Results showed that 32% of the dating application users encountered cyber-fraud in the last 2 weeks. Users encountering cyber-fraud had significantly poorer mental health than non-victim users and non-users. Education levels, being female, financial loss, and the leakage of private information were positively related to mental health problems of cyber-fraud victims. Education programs and supporting services are warranted to enhance youth's awareness and minimize the detrimental effects caused by cyber fraud.
{"title":"Prevalence and relationships of dating application usage, cyber-fraud and mental health among emerging adults in Hong Kong","authors":"Chee-kit Chan , Xin Wang , Xue Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and relationships of cyber fraud on dating applications and mental health among emerging adults. An online survey was conducted in Hong Kong (<em>n</em> = 401). Results showed that 32% of the dating application users encountered cyber-fraud in the last 2 weeks. Users encountering cyber-fraud had significantly poorer mental health than non-victim users and non-users. Education levels, being female, financial loss, and the leakage of private information were positively related to mental health problems of cyber-fraud victims. Education programs and supporting services are warranted to enhance youth's awareness and minimize the detrimental effects caused by cyber fraud.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Building on past research that has indicated cultural variations in the factor structure of the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-20), as well as several limitations validating the CES-D-20 within a Singapore context, this study investigated the CES-D-20's factor structure and sex-based measurement invariance in Singapore. A large young adult sample in Singapore (N = 1008) was utilised, and the original CES-D-20 was administered to all participants. The findings confirmed the four-factor model's robustness over five other alternative models (RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .04), where each of the 20 items loaded significantly onto its respective factor (all loadings≥.42, all ps < .001). All four factors were also significantly inter-correlated to a medium to very large extent (all ps < .001). Configural and weak invariance were established across sexes; however, strong invariance required modification, where the release of a single intercept constraint resulted in strong partial invariance, implying sex differences in the expression of crying. Homogeneity tests suggested no significant sex differences in latent factor means, variances, and covariances. The importance of cultural- and sex-specific considerations when utilising the CES-D-20 are discussed.
{"title":"Factor structure of the CES-D-20 scale in young adults in Singapore: An examination of six alternative structures and measurement invariance by sex","authors":"Nadyanna M. Majeed , K.T.A. Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna , Nicole R.Y. Chen , Andree Hartanto","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building on past research that has indicated cultural variations in the factor structure of the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-20), as well as several limitations validating the CES-D-20 within a Singapore context, this study investigated the CES-D-20's factor structure and sex-based measurement invariance in Singapore. A large young adult sample in Singapore (<em>N</em> = 1008) was utilised, and the original CES-D-20 was administered to all participants. The findings confirmed the four-factor model's robustness over five other alternative models (RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .04), where each of the 20 items loaded significantly onto its respective factor (all loadings≥.42, all <em>p</em>s < .001). All four factors were also significantly inter-correlated to a medium to very large extent (all <em>ps</em> < .001). Configural and weak invariance were established across sexes; however, strong invariance required modification, where the release of a single intercept constraint resulted in strong partial invariance, implying sex differences in the expression of crying. Homogeneity tests suggested no significant sex differences in latent factor means, variances, and covariances. The importance of cultural- and sex-specific considerations when utilising the CES-D-20 are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100198
Miho Nakajima
Although social support is generally expected to improve parenting issues, previous findings on its efficacy among parents who have experienced childhood maltreatment are inconsistent. However, the reasons for this inconsistency have not yet been clarified. To address this, the present study examined the possibility that experiencing specific subtypes of childhood maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect) impairs the subsequent function of social support in parenting. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with Japanese mothers of children aged one to three years. In the survey, participants completed four scales: the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, Parenting Skills Scales for Mothers of Toddlers, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Brief Inventory of the Social Support Exchange Network. A total of 360 datasets were analyzed (mean age = 33.73, SD = 4.73). The results indicated that physical abuse diminished the effect of social support on the prevention of negative parenting. However, social support alleviated parenting stress regardless of childhood maltreatment subtype. The effects of social support on increased positive parenting and decreased negative parenting were unclear compared to its effect on parenting stress. These findings have important implications for supporting parenting among parents who have experienced childhood maltreatment and preventing. intergenerational transmission.
{"title":"The moderating effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on the association between social support and parenting outcomes","authors":"Miho Nakajima","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although social support is generally expected to improve parenting issues, previous findings on its efficacy among parents who have experienced childhood maltreatment are inconsistent. However, the reasons for this inconsistency have not yet been clarified. To address this, the present study examined the possibility that experiencing specific subtypes of childhood maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect) impairs the subsequent function of social support in parenting. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with Japanese mothers of children aged one to three years. In the survey, participants completed four scales: the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, Parenting Skills Scales for Mothers of Toddlers, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Brief Inventory of the Social Support Exchange Network. A total of 360 datasets were analyzed (mean age = 33.73, <em>SD</em> = 4.73). The results indicated that physical abuse diminished the effect of social support on the prevention of negative parenting. However, social support alleviated parenting stress regardless of childhood maltreatment subtype. The effects of social support on increased positive parenting and decreased negative parenting were unclear compared to its effect on parenting stress. These findings have important implications for supporting parenting among parents who have experienced childhood maltreatment and preventing. intergenerational transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100195
Abanoub J. Armanious , Audrey Asare , Deborah Mitchison , Morgan H. James
Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is the only medication to have gained FDA approval for the treatment of binge eating disorder (BED). LDX treatment is generally effective at reducing binge eating symptoms but is associated with several unwanted side effects. How BED patients perceive the therapeutic efficacy vs. associated side effects of LDX has not been explored. We carried out a thematic analysis of 111 online reviews posted to the website Drugs.com by persons prescribed LDX to treat BED. We also explored how qualitative themes were associated with perceptions of treatment efficacy on a quantitative (1–10 scale) scale. Themes associated with higher efficacy ratings included improved binge eating outcomes, enhanced focus/concentration, as well as weight loss (χ2 tests, p's < 0.05). Lower efficacy ratings were associated with themes that included tolerance to therapeutic effects of LDX, insomnia, return of binge eating in the evening, loss of energy in the afternoon/evening (‘crashing’), and weight gain (χ2 tests, p's < 0.05). Limitations of the study include representativeness of the data and self-reported BED diagnosis. Together, these data provide novel insights into individual experiences with LDX as a treatment for BED and their association with perceived efficacy. The causal nature of these relationships should be tested in future studies, as well as any implications for medication adherence.
Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) 是唯一一种获得 FDA 批准用于治疗暴食症 (BED) 的药物。LDX 治疗通常能有效减轻暴食症状，但会产生一些不良副作用。关于暴食症患者如何看待 LDX 的疗效与相关副作用，目前尚未有研究。我们对处方 LDX 治疗 BED 的患者在 Drugs.com 网站上发布的 111 篇在线评论进行了主题分析。我们还探讨了定性主题与定量（1-10 级）疗效认知之间的关联。与较高疗效评分相关的主题包括暴饮暴食结果的改善、专注力/集中力的提高以及体重的减轻（χ2 检验，P's < 0.05）。疗效评分较低的主题包括对 LDX 治疗效果的耐受性、失眠、晚上恢复暴饮暴食、下午/晚上精力下降（"崩溃"）以及体重增加（χ2 检验，P's < 0.05）。研究的局限性包括数据的代表性和自我报告的 BED 诊断。总之，这些数据为我们提供了新的视角，让我们了解个人使用 LDX 治疗 BED 的经历及其与感知疗效之间的关系。这些关系的因果性质以及对用药依从性的影响应在今后的研究中进行检验。
{"title":"Patient perceptions of lisdexamfetamine as a treatment for binge eating disorder: An exploratory qualitative and quantitative analysis","authors":"Abanoub J. Armanious , Audrey Asare , Deborah Mitchison , Morgan H. James","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is the only medication to have gained FDA approval for the treatment of binge eating disorder (BED). LDX treatment is generally effective at reducing binge eating symptoms but is associated with several unwanted side effects. How BED patients perceive the therapeutic efficacy vs. associated side effects of LDX has not been explored. We carried out a thematic analysis of 111 online reviews posted to the website Drugs.com by persons prescribed LDX to treat BED. We also explored how qualitative themes were associated with perceptions of treatment efficacy on a quantitative (1–10 scale) scale. Themes associated with higher efficacy ratings included improved binge eating outcomes, enhanced focus/concentration, as well as weight loss (χ<sup>2</sup> tests, p's < 0.05). Lower efficacy ratings were associated with themes that included tolerance to therapeutic effects of LDX, insomnia, return of binge eating in the evening, loss of energy in the afternoon/evening (‘crashing’), and weight gain (χ<sup>2</sup> tests, p's < 0.05). Limitations of the study include representativeness of the data and self-reported BED diagnosis. Together, these data provide novel insights into individual experiences with LDX as a treatment for BED and their association with perceived efficacy. The causal nature of these relationships should be tested in future studies, as well as any implications for medication adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100191
Natasha Martland, Alexandra Palombi
Background
People with Parkinson's disease are at an increased risk of developing depression. Nature interventions may help to reduce depression. This paper explored the feasibility, acceptability and participant attitudes towards a self-guided nature intervention for people with Parkinson's disease experiencing depressive symptoms.
Methods
The 4-week nature intervention was developed based on the CBT technique ‘behavioural activation’. The intervention aimed to increase positive activities, and in particular time in nature, into a person with Parkinson's routine. Service users were involved in intervention development. Attendance, study completion, and satisfaction were determined to determine intervention acceptability and feasibility. Participants took part in exit interviews to understand experiences and attitudes towards the intervention. Interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Eleven people with Parkinson's disease who were experiencing depressive symptoms received the intervention. Two participants dropped out after 3 interventions sessions. The mean session satisfaction score was 8.86/10. Nine exit interviews were conducted. Three themes were discovered: 1) I was satisfied with the intervention; 2) The intervention helped my mental health; and 3) The perfect intervention would look like, which reflected suggestions for improvements to the intervention.
Conclusions
The nature intervention was feasible and acceptable and well received by people with Parkinson's disease.
{"title":"Service user experiences of a 4-week self-guided nature intervention for people with Parkinson's disease displaying depressive symptoms: A pilot study for intervention development","authors":"Natasha Martland, Alexandra Palombi","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>People with Parkinson's disease are at an increased risk of developing depression. Nature interventions may help to reduce depression. This paper explored the feasibility, acceptability and participant attitudes towards a self-guided nature intervention for people with Parkinson's disease experiencing depressive symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The 4-week nature intervention was developed based on the CBT technique ‘behavioural activation’. The intervention aimed to increase positive activities, and in particular time in nature, into a person with Parkinson's routine. Service users were involved in intervention development. Attendance, study completion, and satisfaction were determined to determine intervention acceptability and feasibility. Participants took part in exit interviews to understand experiences and attitudes towards the intervention. Interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eleven people with Parkinson's disease who were experiencing depressive symptoms received the intervention. Two participants dropped out after 3 interventions sessions. The mean session satisfaction score was 8.86/10. Nine exit interviews were conducted. Three themes were discovered: 1) I was satisfied with the intervention; 2) The intervention helped my mental health; and 3) The perfect intervention would look like, which reflected suggestions for improvements to the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The nature intervention was feasible and acceptable and well received by people with Parkinson's disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598724000370/pdfft?md5=58a11d0d3c50ac66bfea1075ea9dfa82&pid=1-s2.0-S2772598724000370-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100193
Darha M. Ponder, Elli Cole, Michaeline Jensen, Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn
Background
Early adversity (EA) predicts later internalizing, and trait diatheses also play a role in how this risk manifests. However, research is mixed on whether these factors function independently or interactively. Furthermore, recent work questions whether three trait diatheses thought to be distinct—neuroticism, dysfunctional attitudes, and brooding rumination—may be modeled as a single latent negative emotionality factor. The present study tests if brooding rumination and dysfunctional attitudes are better modeled with neuroticism as part of negative emotionality, as opposed to separate constructs, and whether negative emotionality and EA interact to predict latent internalizing or operate independently.
Methods
768 emerging adults (71.1% minoritized race/ethnicity) completed self-report surveys for this study. Latent moderated structural equation models were conducted to test associations between EA, trait diatheses, and internalizing.
Results
Brooding rumination and dysfunctional attitudes were best modeled as latent factors separate from—but highly correlated with—latent neuroticism. Latent trait diatheses and EA did not significantly interact to predict internalizing symptoms; however, there were significant main effects of latent brooding rumination and neuroticism. Although EA and dysfunctional attitudes had significant associations with internalizing when examined alone, their effects were negligible once neuroticism and brooding rumination were included in models.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest neuroticism most strongly confers risk for internalizing, which may help to inform preventive intervention efforts.
背景早期逆境（EA）预示着日后的内化，而特质差异也对这种风险的表现方式起着一定的作用。然而，关于这些因素是独立起作用还是相互影响，研究结果不一。此外，最近的研究提出了一个问题，即被认为是不同的三个特质片断--神经质、功能失调态度和耿耿于怀的反刍--是否可以被建模为一个单一的潜在负性情绪因素。本研究检验了耿耿于怀的反刍和功能失调的态度是否能更好地与作为消极情绪性一部分的神经质一起建模，而不是单独建模，以及消极情绪性和EA是相互作用来预测潜在的内部化还是独立运作。结果反刍和机能障碍态度被最好地模拟为独立于潜在神经质的潜在因素，但与潜在神经质高度相关。在预测内化症状方面，潜在特质二元性和 EA 没有显著的相互作用；但是，潜在的忧郁反刍和神经质有显著的主效应。我们的研究结果表明，神经质最有可能导致内化风险，这可能有助于为预防性干预工作提供信息。
{"title":"Associations of early adversity and negative emotionality with emerging adult latent internalizing","authors":"Darha M. Ponder, Elli Cole, Michaeline Jensen, Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Early adversity (EA) predicts later internalizing, and trait diatheses also play a role in how this risk manifests. However, research is mixed on whether these factors function independently or interactively. Furthermore, recent work questions whether three trait diatheses thought to be distinct—neuroticism, dysfunctional attitudes, and brooding rumination—may be modeled as a single latent negative emotionality factor. The present study tests if brooding rumination and dysfunctional attitudes are better modeled with neuroticism as part of negative emotionality, as opposed to separate constructs, and whether negative emotionality and EA interact to predict latent internalizing or operate independently.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>768 emerging adults (71.1% minoritized race/ethnicity) completed self-report surveys for this study. Latent moderated structural equation models were conducted to test associations between EA, trait diatheses, and internalizing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Brooding rumination and dysfunctional attitudes were best modeled as latent factors separate from—but highly correlated with—latent neuroticism. Latent trait diatheses and EA did not significantly interact to predict internalizing symptoms; however, there were significant main effects of latent brooding rumination and neuroticism. Although EA and dysfunctional attitudes had significant associations with internalizing when examined alone, their effects were negligible once neuroticism and brooding rumination were included in models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest neuroticism most strongly confers risk for internalizing, which may help to inform preventive intervention efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598724000394/pdfft?md5=5e6af00a3adbe3ba659861a37fd3147d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772598724000394-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100189
Corine van Heusden , Barbara Montagne , Jack van Honk , David Terburg
Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly with comorbid trauma-disorders, show an attentional bias towards angry facial expressions. This is often interpreted to reflect increased anxiety and sensitivity to social threats. Given BPDs severe problems in reacting to and interpreting social communication, we investigated whether this threat bias extends to social orienting. Using a gaze-cueing task, we assessed whether centrally presented dynamic fearful and happy gaze stimuli promote the detection of peripherally presented targets. Groups with BPD (N = 50) and other personality disorders (OPD, N = 51) were compared to healthy controls (HC, N = 46), and evaluated on the independent influence of traumatic experience, trait anxiety and trait anger. Across groups we find reliable gaze-cueing. In line with earlier evidence, trait anxiety predicts faster detection of targets signaled by a fearful gaze in HCs. This threat bias is however not present in BPDs and OPDs, thus the threat bias in BPD does not extend to social orienting. Instead, self-experienced trauma predicts amplified gaze-cueing in BPDs, but reduced gaze-cueing in OPDs. This not only emphasizes the importance of evaluating trauma exposure in personality disorders, but also suggests that the childhood adversity typically associated with the development of BPD promotes increased social orienting.
{"title":"Interpersonal trauma Dissociates borderline from other personality disorders in social orienting","authors":"Corine van Heusden , Barbara Montagne , Jack van Honk , David Terburg","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly with comorbid trauma-disorders, show an attentional bias towards angry facial expressions. This is often interpreted to reflect increased anxiety and sensitivity to social threats. Given BPDs severe problems in reacting to and interpreting social communication, we investigated whether this threat bias extends to social orienting. Using a gaze-cueing task, we assessed whether centrally presented dynamic fearful and happy gaze stimuli promote the detection of peripherally presented targets. Groups with BPD (<em>N</em> = 50) and other personality disorders (OPD, <em>N</em> = 51) were compared to healthy controls (HC, <em>N</em> = 46), and evaluated on the independent influence of traumatic experience, trait anxiety and trait anger. Across groups we find reliable gaze-cueing. In line with earlier evidence, trait anxiety predicts faster detection of targets signaled by a fearful gaze in HCs. This threat bias is however not present in BPDs and OPDs, thus the threat bias in BPD does not extend to social orienting. Instead, self-experienced trauma predicts amplified gaze-cueing in BPDs, but reduced gaze-cueing in OPDs. This not only emphasizes the importance of evaluating trauma exposure in personality disorders, but also suggests that the childhood adversity typically associated with the development of BPD promotes increased social orienting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598724000357/pdfft?md5=df5bcc51a946c5ce7c1c8e0b974634c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772598724000357-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100190
Thales Marcon Almeida , Diego Augusto Alves Rosa , Thiago Brito Pinheiro , Luiza Braconi Grilo , Geovanna Maria Teixeira Jorge , Letícia Diana Foletto , Igor Prado Generoso , Ursula Raianny Lacerda da Silva , Ricardo Riyoiti Uchida , Quirino Cordeiro
Postpartum Depression (PPD) is one of the most common conditions in the childbearing period, with prominent impairments for the mother and the newborn. Esketamine has shown potent antidepressant effects and appears to be a promising agent in preventing PPD. We aimed to evaluate the potential effect of esketamine in preventing PPD within the first week and within four and six weeks post-delivery as the primary outcome; assess changes in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) one week and 42 days post-delivery; and evaluate tolerability and changes in inflammatory markers as secondary outcomes. A subanalysis was conducted considering different intervention protocols. A systematic review and meta-analysis (ID: CRD42024513598) were performed considering Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science from inception until May 5, 2024. The ROB-2 tool assessed the risk of bias. Eleven RCTs were included, totaling 2316 participants. The occurrence of PPD was significantly lower in the intervention group within one week post-delivery (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.30–0.64, p < 0.01; z = −4.25, tau2 = 0.1531, I2 = 54%, p = 0.03) and within four/six weeks post-delivery (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.76, p < 0.01; z = −3.55, tau2 = 0.1444, I2 = 60%, p < 0.01). The presence of dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea was not significantly different between groups. Changes in EPDS score within one week post-delivery were not statistically significant and neither were changes 42 days post-delivery. No significant differences in inflammatory marker levels were found. Our updated meta-analysis suggests that esketamine is an effective agent in preventing PPD within six weeks post-delivery.
产后抑郁症（PPD）是育龄期最常见的疾病之一，对母亲和新生儿都有明显的伤害。艾司卡胺具有很强的抗抑郁作用，似乎是一种很有希望预防产后抑郁症的药物。我们的目的是评估艾司卡胺在产后一周、四周和六周内预防产后抑郁症的潜在效果，这是主要结果；评估爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）在产后一周和42天内的变化；评估耐受性和炎症指标的变化，这是次要结果。考虑到不同的干预方案，还进行了一项子分析。系统性综述和荟萃分析（ID：CRD42024513598）考虑了从开始到2024年5月5日在MEDLINE（PubMed）、Embase和Web of Science上的随机临床试验（RCT）。ROB-2工具评估了偏倚风险。共纳入了 11 项 RCT，共计 2316 名参与者。干预组在分娩后一周内的 PPD 发生率明显降低（RR 0.44，95% CI 0.30-0.64，p < 0.01；z = -4.25，tau2 = 0.1531, I2 = 54%, p = 0.03）和产后四/六周内（RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39-0.76, p < 0.01; z = -3.55, tau2 = 0.1444, I2 = 60%, p <0.01）。头晕、嗜睡和恶心在各组间无明显差异。产后一周内 EPDS 评分的变化无统计学意义，产后 42 天内的变化也无统计学意义。炎症标志物水平也没有明显差异。我们更新的荟萃分析表明，艾司氯胺酮能有效预防产后六周内的PPD。
{"title":"The potential effects and tolerability of analgesic and peri/intra/post-operative esketamine in preventing postpartum depression: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Thales Marcon Almeida , Diego Augusto Alves Rosa , Thiago Brito Pinheiro , Luiza Braconi Grilo , Geovanna Maria Teixeira Jorge , Letícia Diana Foletto , Igor Prado Generoso , Ursula Raianny Lacerda da Silva , Ricardo Riyoiti Uchida , Quirino Cordeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postpartum Depression (PPD) is one of the most common conditions in the childbearing period, with prominent impairments for the mother and the newborn. Esketamine has shown potent antidepressant effects and appears to be a promising agent in preventing PPD. We aimed to evaluate the potential effect of esketamine in preventing PPD within the first week and within four and six weeks post-delivery as the primary outcome; assess changes in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) one week and 42 days post-delivery; and evaluate tolerability and changes in inflammatory markers as secondary outcomes. A subanalysis was conducted considering different intervention protocols. A systematic review and meta-analysis (ID: CRD42024513598) were performed considering Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science from inception until May 5, 2024. The ROB-2 tool assessed the risk of bias. Eleven RCTs were included, totaling 2316 participants. The occurrence of PPD was significantly lower in the intervention group within one week post-delivery (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.30–0.64, p < 0.01; z = −4.25, tau<sup>2</sup> = 0.1531, I<sup>2</sup> = 54%, p = 0.03) and within four/six weeks post-delivery (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.76, p < 0.01; z = −3.55, tau<sup>2</sup> = 0.1444, I<sup>2</sup> = 60%, p < 0.01). The presence of dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea was not significantly different between groups. Changes in EPDS score within one week post-delivery were not statistically significant and neither were changes 42 days post-delivery. No significant differences in inflammatory marker levels were found. Our updated meta-analysis suggests that esketamine is an effective agent in preventing PPD within six weeks post-delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598724000369/pdfft?md5=6608c61f0763b75c2a22668bfc8112ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2772598724000369-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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