Pub Date : 2025-05-13DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100213
Hannah L. Belcher , Rachel van Marle , Ruth Ford , Sharon Morein-Zamir
Previous research has suggested that increased empathy is associated with improved wellbeing, however, other research has also suggested that too much empathy is associated with heightened levels of anxiety and depression. This is particularly the case for women, with elevated empathy being linked with some female-biased psychiatric conditions. The current study aimed to clarify these contradictory findings by assessing the association between different empathy levels on the Empathy Quotient and psychiatric diagnoses quadratically, rather than just linearly. 2998 women completed an online questionnaire measuring empathy and diagnoses of common psychiatric conditions. Logistic regression analyses for diagnoses of depression and anxiety indicated that in both EQ scores had significant quadratic relationships albeit with small effect sizes. The frequency of depression and anxiety diagnoses was generally lower the higher the empathy, but cases rose for the highest levels of empathy. This indicates that while empathy is largely a positive trait, very high levels of empathy are a risk factor for diagnoses of depression and anxiety. These findings clarify prior inconsistencies in the literature and point to the importance of investigating non-linear relationships between key psychological constructs and mental health.
{"title":"Too much of a good thing? When empathy becomes associated with depression and anxiety in women","authors":"Hannah L. Belcher , Rachel van Marle , Ruth Ford , Sharon Morein-Zamir","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has suggested that increased empathy is associated with improved wellbeing, however, other research has also suggested that too much empathy is associated with heightened levels of anxiety and depression. This is particularly the case for women, with elevated empathy being linked with some female-biased psychiatric conditions. The current study aimed to clarify these contradictory findings by assessing the association between different empathy levels on the Empathy Quotient and psychiatric diagnoses quadratically, rather than just linearly. 2998 women completed an online questionnaire measuring empathy and diagnoses of common psychiatric conditions. Logistic regression analyses for diagnoses of depression and anxiety indicated that in both EQ scores had significant quadratic relationships albeit with small effect sizes. The frequency of depression and anxiety diagnoses was generally lower the higher the empathy, but cases rose for the highest levels of empathy. This indicates that while empathy is largely a positive trait, very high levels of empathy are a risk factor for diagnoses of depression and anxiety. These findings clarify prior inconsistencies in the literature and point to the importance of investigating non-linear relationships between key psychological constructs and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100212
Farzan Vahedifard , Boris Birmaher , Satish Iyengar , Maria Wolfe , Lepore Brianna N , Mariah Chobany , Halimah Abdul-waalee , Greeshma Malgireddy , Jonathan A. Hart , Michele A. Bertocci , Rasim S. Diler
Measures of daily activity may be objective markers to help differentiate adolescent bipolar disorder (BD). We used chart reviewed actigraphy data collected from 2014 to 2023, and AI methods to classify well-characterized inpatient adolescents diagnosed with BD-without-attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), BD-with-ADHD, ADHD-without-BD, and other diagnoses (OD). 389 inpatient adolescents (232 female, mean age 15.07), wore an actigraphy monitor for the duration of their inpatient stay (mean number of unique days = 13.04 days). Activity was characterized into four 60-min maximum and minimum daily activity bins, automatically identified using a novel Python script. Feature engineering further described time-series data. 5193 days of data were split into training and testing sets. Random Forest and XGBoost models were trained with cross-validation on the training set and model metrics were compared. The best models were tested on the testing set. XGBoost with feature selection provided the most robust and balanced classification model. The most influential feature was the engineered difference between peak active hours, which along with other activity and age features classified all diagnostic groups with 91.5 % accuracy. Results indicated that daily activity levels, especially the variability between peak activity hours, showed potential for improving diagnostic precision in psychiatric settings. Actigraphy, combined with machine learning, offers a promising approach for classifying diagnostic groups among inpatient adolescent populations and engineered maximum and minimum hourly activity features may provide objective markers to improve diagnostic accuracy. Future studies should aim to test and validate these findings and assess their clinical implications in larger, diverse cohorts in the natural environment.
{"title":"Maximum and minimum activity in inpatient adolescents with Bipolar Disorders: Daily-Variability classification of actigraphy pattern with artificial intelligence","authors":"Farzan Vahedifard , Boris Birmaher , Satish Iyengar , Maria Wolfe , Lepore Brianna N , Mariah Chobany , Halimah Abdul-waalee , Greeshma Malgireddy , Jonathan A. Hart , Michele A. Bertocci , Rasim S. Diler","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measures of daily activity may be objective markers to help differentiate adolescent bipolar disorder (BD). We used chart reviewed actigraphy data collected from 2014 to 2023, and AI methods to classify well-characterized inpatient adolescents diagnosed with <em>BD-without-attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD</em>), <em>BD-with-ADHD</em>, <em>ADHD-without-BD</em>, and other diagnoses (<em>OD</em>). 389 inpatient adolescents (232 female, mean age 15.07), wore an actigraphy monitor for the duration of their inpatient stay (mean number of unique days = 13.04 days). Activity was characterized into four 60-min maximum and minimum daily activity bins, automatically identified using a novel Python script. Feature engineering further described time-series data. 5193 days of data were split into training and testing sets. Random Forest and XGBoost models were trained with cross-validation on the training set and model metrics were compared. The best models were tested on the testing set. XGBoost with feature selection provided the most robust and balanced classification model. The most influential feature was the engineered difference between peak active hours, which along with other activity and age features classified all diagnostic groups with 91.5 % accuracy. Results indicated that daily activity levels, especially the variability between peak activity hours, showed potential for improving diagnostic precision in psychiatric settings. Actigraphy, combined with machine learning, offers a promising approach for classifying diagnostic groups among inpatient adolescent populations and engineered maximum and minimum hourly activity features may provide objective markers to improve diagnostic accuracy. Future studies should aim to test and validate these findings and assess their clinical implications in larger, diverse cohorts in the natural environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100211
Bar Urkin , Josef Parnas , Andrea Raballo , Danny Koren
Background and hypothesis
Diagnosing psychiatric conditions in real-life scenarios is challenging, as patients' presentations often differ from the simplified descriptors in mainstream taxonomies. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and reliability of ordinary psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in diagnosing schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) through vignettes extrapolated from real-world clinical presentations.
Study design
We assessed the diagnostic performance of 70 international clinicians (psychiatrists and clinical psychologists) using an online survey. Besides the socio-demographic and professional backgrounds of the participants, the study presented two concise clinical vignettes, that portray different manifestations of typical SSD cases. Participants were asked to evaluate these vignettes, with the primary focus on identifying the most plausible diagnostic hypothesis.
Study results
In the first vignette, 71.4 % (50/70) identified an SSD as the main diagnosis, whereas about 23.2 % (14/60) made the same choice for the second vignette. Eleven clinicians (18.3 %) correctly identified both vignettes as SSD cases. The inter-rater diagnostic agreement was fair and significant (Fleiss’ Kappa = .29, p < .00).
Conclusions
The findings indicate poor diagnostic accuracy and reliability for SSD among ordinary psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. When compared to leading international psychiatrists (LIPs) the results suggest a concerning gap in diagnostic proficiency, particularly in real-world clinical scenarios. The low rates of correct diagnosis and fair inter-rater agreement raise concerns about the gradual erosion of in-depth psychopathological understanding in clinical practice. Improving diagnostic accuracy through better training could have profound implications for patient care and treatment outcomes in mental health settings.
{"title":"Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD): an internet-based vignette study of real-world diagnostic accuracy and reliability among psychiatrists and clinical psychologists","authors":"Bar Urkin , Josef Parnas , Andrea Raballo , Danny Koren","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and hypothesis</h3><div>Diagnosing psychiatric conditions in real-life scenarios is challenging, as patients' presentations often differ from the simplified descriptors in mainstream taxonomies. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and reliability of ordinary psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in diagnosing schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) through vignettes extrapolated from real-world clinical presentations.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We assessed the diagnostic performance of 70 international clinicians (psychiatrists and clinical psychologists) using an online survey. Besides the socio-demographic and professional backgrounds of the participants, the study presented two concise clinical vignettes, that portray different manifestations of typical SSD cases. Participants were asked to evaluate these vignettes, with the primary focus on identifying the most plausible diagnostic hypothesis.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>In the first vignette, 71.4 % (50/70) identified an SSD as the main diagnosis, whereas about 23.2 % (14/60) made the same choice for the second vignette. Eleven clinicians (18.3 %) correctly identified both vignettes as SSD cases. The inter-rater diagnostic agreement was fair and significant (Fleiss’ Kappa = .29, p < .00).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings indicate poor diagnostic accuracy and reliability for SSD among ordinary psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. When compared to leading international psychiatrists (LIPs) the results suggest a concerning gap in diagnostic proficiency, particularly in real-world clinical scenarios. The low rates of correct diagnosis and fair inter-rater agreement raise concerns about the gradual erosion of in-depth psychopathological understanding in clinical practice. Improving diagnostic accuracy through better training could have profound implications for patient care and treatment outcomes in mental health settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100210
Philip J. Batterham , Monica Gendi , Alison L. Calear , Fiona Shand , Matthew Sunderland , Rohan Borschmann , Bridianne O'Dea , Peter Butterworth , Mark Larsen , Cassandra Heffernan , Dominique Kazan , Aliza Werner-Seidler , Emily Hielscher , Jin Han , Liana Leach , Louise M. Farrer
Introduction
Between 5 and 20 % of adults with suicidal ideation make a suicide attempt, while many others remit. The LifeTrack Project is a three-year population-based cohort study that aims to identify factors associated with suicide attempt and remission of suicidal ideation. This paper reports the demographic characteristics of the LifeTrack cohort and associations of baseline psychosocial factors with time since onset of suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempts.
Method
Participants (923 Australian adults with suicidal ideation in the past 30 days) completed a baseline questionnaire about suicidality, health and sociodemographics.
Results
Over half of participants reported onset of suicidal ideation over 10 years ago.About half reported a prior suicide attempt. Long-term (>10 years) suicidal ideation was associated with older age, female gender, bisexuality, long-term relationship, mental illness diagnosis, pain interference, and PTSD symptoms. Prior suicide attempt was associated with nonbinary gender, bisexuality, fewer years of education, living alone, parenthood, mental illness diagnosis, depressive symptoms, PTSD symptoms, and financial worry.
Conclusion
Factors associated with duration of suicidal ideation were distinct from those associated with previous attempts. The LifeTrack cohort, one of the largest of its kind, will allow us to prospectively test and refine theoretical models of suicidal behaviour in coming years.
{"title":"The LifeTrack Project: Baseline cohort characteristics and psychosocial factors associated with duration of suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempt","authors":"Philip J. Batterham , Monica Gendi , Alison L. Calear , Fiona Shand , Matthew Sunderland , Rohan Borschmann , Bridianne O'Dea , Peter Butterworth , Mark Larsen , Cassandra Heffernan , Dominique Kazan , Aliza Werner-Seidler , Emily Hielscher , Jin Han , Liana Leach , Louise M. Farrer","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Between 5 and 20 % of adults with suicidal ideation make a suicide attempt, while many others remit. The LifeTrack Project is a three-year population-based cohort study that aims to identify factors associated with suicide attempt and remission of suicidal ideation. This paper reports the demographic characteristics of the LifeTrack cohort and associations of baseline psychosocial factors with time since onset of suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempts.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants (923 Australian adults with suicidal ideation in the past 30 days) completed a baseline questionnaire about suicidality, health and sociodemographics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over half of participants reported onset of suicidal ideation over 10 years ago.About half reported a prior suicide attempt. Long-term (>10 years) suicidal ideation was associated with older age, female gender, bisexuality, long-term relationship, mental illness diagnosis, pain interference, and PTSD symptoms. Prior suicide attempt was associated with nonbinary gender, bisexuality, fewer years of education, living alone, parenthood, mental illness diagnosis, depressive symptoms, PTSD symptoms, and financial worry.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Factors associated with duration of suicidal ideation were distinct from those associated with previous attempts. The LifeTrack cohort, one of the largest of its kind, will allow us to prospectively test and refine theoretical models of suicidal behaviour in coming years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100208
Radha Dhingra , Fan He , Erika F.H. Saunders , Daniel A. Waschbusch , Edward O. Bixler , Jody L. Greaney , Alison R. Swigart , Laila Al-Shaar , Vernon M. Chinchilli , Jeff D. Yanosky , Duanping Liao
Objective
To investigate whether depression symptom severity is associated with poor long-term glycemic control among individuals with mental illness and co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
2842 psychiatry outpatients (PCARES Registry, 2015–2020) were included. T2DM diagnosis and all available glucose labs were extracted from electronic health records. Scores on the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) provided baseline depression severity: 0–9 (none-mild), 10–27 (moderate-to-severe). With baseline lab within (±) 90 days of the baseline PHQ-9 date, all follow-up labs had to be ≤ 365 days of the preceding lab, and not exceed one-year after the second follow-up lab date. 1255 individuals met the timeline criteria for glucose. Linear mixed-effects models provided coefficients for the association between depression symptom severity and long-term glucose levels, after adjusting for socio-demographics, BMI, anti-psychotic medications, and follow-up time.
Results
Among 1255 patients with a mean ± SD age (45.9 ± 16.8 years), PHQ-9 score (11.9 ± 7.1), and glucose (111.7 ± 45.1 mg/dl), 65% identified as females, 85% as non-Hispanic white, 60% had moderate-to-severe depression symptoms (N = 753) and 31% (N = 390) had T2DM. Individuals with moderate-to-severe depression symptoms (N = 245) showed a significant long-term increase in glucose levels at 6.7 (2.7) mg/dl over follow-up, indicating poor glycemic control (P = 0.01), whereas those with none-to-mild depression symptoms (N = 145) showed no significant long-term changes in glucose levels (P = 0.40); (Pdepression symptom severityXfollow-up time = 0.03)
Conclusions
Our findings support the need for improved diabetes care for patients with mental illness and T2DM and regular depression screening among individuals with T2DM.
{"title":"Moderate-to-severe depression symptoms are associated with poorly controlled glucose levels in a real-world sample of individuals with mental illness and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Radha Dhingra , Fan He , Erika F.H. Saunders , Daniel A. Waschbusch , Edward O. Bixler , Jody L. Greaney , Alison R. Swigart , Laila Al-Shaar , Vernon M. Chinchilli , Jeff D. Yanosky , Duanping Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate whether depression symptom severity is associated with poor long-term glycemic control among individuals with mental illness and co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>2842 psychiatry outpatients (PCARES Registry, 2015–2020) were included. T2DM diagnosis and all available glucose labs were extracted from electronic health records. Scores on the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) provided baseline depression severity: 0–9 (none-mild), 10–27 (moderate-to-severe). With baseline lab within (±) 90 days of the baseline PHQ-9 date, all follow-up labs had to be ≤ 365 days of the preceding lab, and not exceed one-year after the second follow-up lab date. 1255 individuals met the timeline criteria for glucose. Linear mixed-effects models provided coefficients for the association between depression symptom severity and long-term glucose levels, after adjusting for socio-demographics, BMI, anti-psychotic medications, and follow-up time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1255 patients with a mean ± SD age (45.9 ± 16.8 years), PHQ-9 score (11.9 ± 7.1), and glucose (111.7 ± 45.1 mg/dl), 65% identified as females, 85% as non-Hispanic white, 60% had moderate-to-severe depression symptoms (N = 753) and 31% (N = 390) had T2DM. Individuals with moderate-to-severe depression symptoms (N = 245) showed a significant long-term increase in glucose levels at 6.7 (2.7) mg/dl over follow-up, indicating poor glycemic control (<em>P</em> = 0.01), whereas those with none-to-mild depression symptoms (N = 145) showed no significant long-term changes in glucose levels (<em>P</em> = 0.40); (<em>P</em> <sub><em>depression symptom severity</em></sub> <strong><sub><em>X</em></sub></strong> <sub><em>follow-up time</em></sub> = 0.03)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support the need for improved diabetes care for patients with mental illness and T2DM and regular depression screening among individuals with T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100209
Andrea Poli , Maria Zifaro , Mario Miccoli
Social sciences and western psychology have long emphasized the value of a positive attitude toward oneself. Previous research developed psychometric tools such as the Self-Compassion Scale assessing self-compassion, but it is has long been known that short versions of psychometric tools may be particularly useful in settings where time constraints make the use of the long form less feasible. Existing literature shows that the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF) was developed in order to overcome these limitations. We validated the Italian version of the SCS-SF examining the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SCS-SF. We investigated its internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity. We recruited a relatively large Italian non clinical sample (n = 321). We found that the scale retained a one-factor structure. We calculated Spearman correlation in order to assess convergent and discriminant validity. In order to assess reliability, retest coefficient was calculated as the Spearman correlation of observed scores at times 1 and 2 (after 3 weeks). In addition, the two-part Cronbach's alpha, the Spearman-Brown coefficient, and the Guttman's Lambda 4 coefficient were estimated as a further reliability measure using the split-half approach. The SCS-SF showed sound psychometric properties and good convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, the SCS-SF showed good test–retest reliability. The use of the SCS-SF is promoted in settings in which the assessment of a positive attitude toward oneself is of interest and with patients that may benefit from developing a compassionate self.
{"title":"Factor structure and validation of the Italian version of the self-compassion scale-short form (SCS-SF)","authors":"Andrea Poli , Maria Zifaro , Mario Miccoli","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social sciences and western psychology have long emphasized the value of a positive attitude toward oneself. Previous research developed psychometric tools such as the Self-Compassion Scale assessing self-compassion, but it is has long been known that short versions of psychometric tools may be particularly useful in settings where time constraints make the use of the long form less feasible. Existing literature shows that the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF) was developed in order to overcome these limitations. We validated the Italian version of the SCS-SF examining the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SCS-SF. We investigated its internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity. We recruited a relatively large Italian non clinical sample (n = 321). We found that the scale retained a one-factor structure. We calculated Spearman correlation in order to assess convergent and discriminant validity. In order to assess reliability, retest coefficient was calculated as the Spearman correlation of observed scores at times 1 and 2 (after 3 weeks). In addition, the two-part Cronbach's alpha, the Spearman-Brown coefficient, and the Guttman's Lambda 4 coefficient were estimated as a further reliability measure using the split-half approach. The SCS-SF showed sound psychometric properties and good convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, the SCS-SF showed good test–retest reliability. The use of the SCS-SF is promoted in settings in which the assessment of a positive attitude toward oneself is of interest and with patients that may benefit from developing a compassionate self.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100207
Carola Claus , Laura Melzer , Ruben Vonderlin , Nikolaus Kleindienst , Büsra Senyüz , Martin Bohus , Tobias Teismann
A syndrome called Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance (ASAD) has recently been proposed as a suicide specific diagnosis (1). The syndrome is characterized by a drastic increase in suicidal intent, social and self-alienation, as well as overarousal. A 28-item self-report measure, the Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance Inventory Lifetime (ASADI-L), has been developed to assess the lifetime occurrence of ASAD symptoms. This study aims to validate a German version of the ASADI-L and to replicate the unidimensional factor structure of the original version. The psychometric properties of the German version of the ASADI-L were examined in a non-clinical online sample of n1 = 300 participants, n2 = 837 outpatients from a mental health research and treatment center and n3 = 148 outpatients from a treatment study on individuals diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder.
A substantial proportion of all participants, including 23 % in Sample 1, 13.26 % in Sample 2, and 86.49 % in Sample 3, reported having ever experienced a drastic increase in suicide intent during their lifetime. In addition, 20 % reported every single ASAD item on the ASAD-IL. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate model fit for the unidimensional model, with good internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations with measures of suicide-related constructs as well as symptoms of self-hatred and feelings of disgust as assessed in the Borderline Symptom List-23 (BSL-23).
Future research should focus on ASAD in longitudinal studies to deepen the understanding of the syndrome and to examine the predictive power of this suicide-specific diagnosis.
{"title":"Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance Inventory lifetime (ASADI-L): Initial validation of a German version","authors":"Carola Claus , Laura Melzer , Ruben Vonderlin , Nikolaus Kleindienst , Büsra Senyüz , Martin Bohus , Tobias Teismann","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A syndrome called Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance (ASAD) has recently been proposed as a suicide specific diagnosis (1). The syndrome is characterized by a drastic increase in suicidal intent, social and self-alienation, as well as overarousal. A 28-item self-report measure, the Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance Inventory Lifetime (ASADI-L), has been developed to assess the lifetime occurrence of ASAD symptoms. This study aims to validate a German version of the ASADI-L and to replicate the unidimensional factor structure of the original version. The psychometric properties of the German version of the ASADI-L were examined in a non-clinical online sample of n<sub>1</sub> = 300 participants, n<sub>2</sub> = 837 outpatients from a mental health research and treatment center and n<sub>3</sub> = 148 outpatients from a treatment study on individuals diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder.</div><div>A substantial proportion of all participants, including 23 % in <em>Sample 1</em>, 13.26 % in <em>Sample 2</em>, and 86.49 % in <em>Sample 3</em>, reported having ever experienced a drastic increase in suicide intent during their lifetime. In addition, 20 % reported every single ASAD item on the ASAD-IL. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate model fit for the unidimensional model, with good internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations with measures of suicide-related constructs as well as symptoms of self-hatred and feelings of disgust as assessed in the Borderline Symptom List-23 (BSL-23).</div><div>Future research should focus on ASAD in longitudinal studies to deepen the understanding of the syndrome and to examine the predictive power of this suicide-specific diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100205
Qian Li , Kylie Kai-yi Chan , Miguel R. Ramos , Xin Wang , Samuel Yeung-shan Wong , Xue Yang
Background
Non-linear relationship of different types of screen time with adolescent mental health problems remains unclear.
Objective
To identify non-linear relationships of internet gaming and social media use with probable depression and suicidal ideation and the thresholds in male and female adolescents.
Participants and setting
A school-based survey was conducted in 11,750 Hong Kong adolescents in 2020–2022.
Methods
An anonymous questionnaire was used to assess screen time and mental health. Generalized additive models (GAM) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were conducted to analyze gender-specific non-linear relationships, interaction effects, and dose-dependent relationships between screen time and mental health.
Results
Probable depression (64.3% vs. 52.0%) and suicidal ideation (35.0% vs. 24.6%) were more prevalent among girls. GAM revealed a U-shaped relationship between internet gaming time and probable depression (threshold: 1.5 h/day)/suicidal ideation (threshold: 2 h/day) in boys, but not in girls. GLMM showed that internet gaming within 1 h/day was associated with reduced suicidal ideation in boys (OR[95%CI] = 0.72[0.53, 0.99]) compared to non-users. For girls, social media use>1 h/day was associated with higher risks of probable depression (ORs range from 1.59 to 2.16, all p < 0.05) and suicidal ideation (ORs = 1.35 to 2.00, ps < 0.005) compared to non-users. However, boys’ social media use>2 h/day was associated with a higher risk of probable depression, but not for suicidal ideation. Positive interactions of internet gaming and social media use with mental health were found across genders (ps < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study suggests a conservative cutoff of 1-h daily use for internet games and social media, respectively, for girls and boys. Regulating internet gaming and social media use concurrently may benefit adolescent mental health.
{"title":"Non-linear relationships and interaction effects between different types of screen time and mental health issues among Hong Kong adolescents","authors":"Qian Li , Kylie Kai-yi Chan , Miguel R. Ramos , Xin Wang , Samuel Yeung-shan Wong , Xue Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-linear relationship of different types of screen time with adolescent mental health problems remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify non-linear relationships of internet gaming and social media use with probable depression and suicidal ideation and the thresholds in male and female adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>A school-based survey was conducted in 11,750 Hong Kong adolescents in 2020–2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An anonymous questionnaire was used to assess screen time and mental health. Generalized additive models (GAM) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were conducted to analyze gender-specific non-linear relationships, interaction effects, and dose-dependent relationships between screen time and mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Probable depression (64.3% vs. 52.0%) and suicidal ideation (35.0% vs. 24.6%) were more prevalent among girls. GAM revealed a U-shaped relationship between internet gaming time and probable depression (threshold: 1.5 h/day)/suicidal ideation (threshold: 2 h/day) in boys, but not in girls. GLMM showed that internet gaming within 1 h/day was associated with reduced suicidal ideation in boys (OR[95%CI] = 0.72[0.53, 0.99]) compared to non-users. For girls, social media use>1 h/day was associated with higher risks of probable depression (ORs range from 1.59 to 2.16, all p < 0.05) and suicidal ideation (ORs = 1.35 to 2.00, ps < 0.005) compared to non-users. However, boys’ social media use>2 h/day was associated with a higher risk of probable depression, but not for suicidal ideation. Positive interactions of internet gaming and social media use with mental health were found across genders (ps < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests a conservative cutoff of 1-h daily use for internet games and social media, respectively, for girls and boys. Regulating internet gaming and social media use concurrently may benefit adolescent mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100206
Nalan Guney, Lindsey A. Snaychuk, Hyoun S. Kim
Food addiction is one of the most common substance or behavioural addictions and is linked to negative consequences. Thus, there is a need to investigate the risk factors associated with food addiction. The current study examined if emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction and whether affective impulsivity (negative and positive urgency) uniquely moderated this relationship. Participants (N = 602) recruited from a large university completed an online survey consisting of several self-report measures, including symptoms of food addiction, childhood adversity, emotion dysregulation and affective impulsivity. A total of 6.5% of the participants met the cut-off for mild (n = 39) levels of food addiction, 3.8% met the cut-off for moderate (n = 23), and 5.0% met the cut-off for severe (n = 30) food addiction. Logistic regression results demonstrated that physical neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse and household substance use were significant predictors of whether someone met the criteria for food addiction. Moderated mediation results indicated that adverse childhood experiences were positively associated with emotion dysregulation, affective impulsivity, and food addiction. However, contrary to our hypothesis we did not find significant moderated-mediation between emotion dysregulation, food addiction and affective impulsivity. The findings may carry implications for preventing and treating food addiction among university students with adverse childhood experiences. Future longitudinal research is necessary to understand how experiences of childhood adversities and emotion dysregulation can increase the risk of developing food addiction.
{"title":"An investigation into the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction: The role of urgency and emotion dysregulation","authors":"Nalan Guney, Lindsey A. Snaychuk, Hyoun S. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food addiction is one of the most common substance or behavioural addictions and is linked to negative consequences. Thus, there is a need to investigate the risk factors associated with food addiction. The current study examined if emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction and whether affective impulsivity (negative and positive urgency) uniquely moderated this relationship. Participants (<em>N</em> = 602) recruited from a large university completed an online survey consisting of several self-report measures, including symptoms of food addiction, childhood adversity, emotion dysregulation and affective impulsivity. A total of 6.5% of the participants met the cut-off for mild (<em>n</em> = 39) levels of food addiction, 3.8% met the cut-off for moderate (<em>n</em> = 23), and 5.0% met the cut-off for severe (<em>n</em> = 30) food addiction. Logistic regression results demonstrated that physical neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse and household substance use were significant predictors of whether someone met the criteria for food addiction. Moderated mediation results indicated that adverse childhood experiences were positively associated with emotion dysregulation, affective impulsivity, and food addiction. However, contrary to our hypothesis we did not find significant moderated-mediation between emotion dysregulation, food addiction and affective impulsivity. The findings may carry implications for preventing and treating food addiction among university students with adverse childhood experiences. Future longitudinal research is necessary to understand how experiences of childhood adversities and emotion dysregulation can increase the risk of developing food addiction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100204
A. Pérez-Morenilla , A. Salazar , I. Failde , F. González-Sáiz , J.A. Micó
Background
Pain is common in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), but other related factors have received scant attention. The aim was to know the factors related to Painful Somatic Symptoms (PSS) in MDD patients, especially gender and anhedonia.
Methods
Cross-sectional study in MDD patients (DSM-5) with positive screening on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Anhedonia (SHAPS), somatic symptoms (SSI-28), and Quality of Life (QoL; SF-36) were evaluated. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify factors related to PSS.
Results
In N = 111 patients, PSS were related to gender, rheumatic disease and anxiety, and worsened QoL. Anhedonia was detected in 93 patients (83.8%), with no significant gender differences in PSS. However, compared to men, depressed women with anhedonia had significantly higher scores on the SSI-28 and the non-painful somatic symptom scale (SSI-21). In the group without anhedonia (n = 18), a higher percentage of women had PSS.
Conclusions
Some factors, including gender or anhedonia, influence the presence of PSS in MDD patients. In depressed patients with anhedonia, gender differences in the perception of pain were smaller than in patients without anhedonia. This suggests a diminished capacity to perceive pain. This small difference between gender was not evidenced for non-painful somatic symptoms.
{"title":"Factors related to painful somatic symptoms in patients with depression: The role of gender and anhedonia","authors":"A. Pérez-Morenilla , A. Salazar , I. Failde , F. González-Sáiz , J.A. Micó","doi":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Pain</em> is common in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), but other related factors have received scant attention. The aim was to know the factors related to Painful Somatic Symptoms (PSS) in MDD patients, especially gender and anhedonia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study in MDD patients (DSM-5) with positive screening on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Anhedonia (SHAPS), somatic symptoms (SSI-28), and Quality of Life (QoL; SF-36) were evaluated. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify factors related to PSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In N = 111 patients, PSS were related to gender, rheumatic disease and anxiety, and worsened QoL. Anhedonia was detected in 93 patients (83.8%), with no significant gender differences in PSS. However, compared to men, depressed women with anhedonia had significantly higher scores on the SSI-28 and the non-painful somatic symptom scale (SSI-21). In the group without anhedonia (n = 18), a higher percentage of women had PSS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Some factors, including gender or anhedonia, influence the presence of PSS in MDD patients. In depressed patients with anhedonia, gender differences in the perception of pain were smaller than in patients without anhedonia. This suggests a diminished capacity to perceive pain. This small difference between gender was not evidenced for non-painful somatic symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74595,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry research communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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