Psychiatry research communications最新文献_第2页

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100233

Francesca A. Ungureanu , McKenna F. Parnes , Julia E. Superka , Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon , Camila Figueroa-Restrepo , Maria Francisca Paz Y Mino Maya , Sara A. Romero , Zishan Jiwani , Danny Horesh , Adam D. Brown

Background

COVID-19 has led to rises in psychosocial difficulties and loneliness. Capacity for adaptive emotion regulation may help individuals cope with pandemic-related stress. The current study explored heterogeneity in difficulties with emotion regulation, differential impacts on psychosocial outcomes, and loneliness as a moderator of these associations.

Method

Data were collected from an international sample (n = 791), including the United States (28.6 %), Israel (27.2 %), Ecuador (16.3 %), India (14.7 %), and Colombia (13.3 %), majority female (73.7 %), mean age of 38.40 (SD = 17.46).

Analysis

Latent profile analysis identified emotion regulation capacity profiles. Mplus BCH command explored associations between emotion regulation capacity profiles and psychosocial outcomes, and SPSS PROCESS examined loneliness due to COVID-19 as a moderator of associations.

Results

Four profiles (capacity for adaptive regulation, capacity for effective control, difficulties with acceptance, and difficulties with overall regulation) were identified. The capacity for adaptive regulation profile had better psychosocial outcomes compared to other profiles. The capacity for effective control strategies profile had more positive psychological well-being compared to the difficulties with overall regulation profile. The difficulties with acceptance profile, compared to the capacity for adaptive regulation profile, had more severe anxiety symptoms and this effect was stronger for those who reported greater loneliness.

Conclusions

Findings highlight the importance of understanding nuances in emotion regulation capacity and associations with psychosocial outcomes, especially during times of heightened stress, as well as how loneliness may exacerbate associations. Findings can inform public health and clinical approaches to addressing the impacts of COVID-19 safety strategies on well-being.

2019冠状病毒病导致心理社会困难和孤独感上升。适应性情绪调节能力可能有助于个体应对与大流行相关的压力。目前的研究探讨了情绪调节困难的异质性，对社会心理结果的不同影响，以及孤独感作为这些关联的调节因素。方法数据来自国际样本（n = 791），包括美国（28.6%）、以色列（27.2%）、厄瓜多尔（16.3%）、印度（14.7%）和哥伦比亚（13.3%），以女性为主（73.7%），平均年龄38.40岁（SD = 17.46）。分析潜型分析确定情绪调节能力特征。Mplus BCH命令探讨了情绪调节能力特征与社会心理结果之间的关联，SPSS PROCESS研究了COVID-19导致的孤独感作为关联的调节因子。结果确定了适应性调节能力、有效控制能力、接受困难和整体调节困难4个方面。适应性调节能力与其他特征相比具有更好的社会心理结果。有效控制策略能力与整体调节困难相比，具有更积极的心理幸福感。与适应调节能力相比，接受困难的人有更严重的焦虑症状，这种影响对那些报告更孤独的人更强。研究结果强调了理解情绪调节能力的细微差别及其与社会心理结果的关联的重要性，特别是在压力加剧的时候，以及孤独如何加剧这种关联。研究结果可以为公共卫生和临床方法提供信息，以解决COVID-19安全战略对福祉的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Testing the utility of Mouseview.js for measuring associations between alcohol related attentional bias and problematic alcohol use 测试Mouseview.js用于测量酒精相关注意偏差和问题性酒精使用之间的关联的效用

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100235

Maya C. Thulin , Marie T. Campione , Samantha J. Dawson , Nassim Tabri , Carson Pun , Christopher Sears , Daniel S. McGrath , Hyoun S. Kim

Objectives

This study examined the utility of Mouseview.js, an alternative to webcam-based eye-tracking, to assess associations between alcohol-related attentional bias and problematic alcohol use.

Methods

Canadians recruited through Academic Prolific (N = 526) completed an online free-viewing task using Mouseview.js to measure biased attention to alcohol-related images. Eighteen alcohol-related images were paired with neutral images matched on visual characteristics. Attentional bias was estimated as the differences in trial-level dwell times for the image pairs. The sample consisted of 132 non-drinkers, 241 recreational drinkers, and 153 problematic drinkers. Participants’ mean age was 33.5 years, 50.8% were men, and 40.4 % identified as a racialized minority. Multi-level modelling was used for statistical analyses.

Results

The difference in dwell times between alcohol-related and neutral images was larger for problematic drinkers compared to non-drinkers, B = 3.75, z = 2.61, p = .009. There were no significant differences between recreational drinkers and non-drinkers, or between recreational and problematic drinkers. Reliability for dwell times and dwell time differences ranged from acceptable (≥0.70) to good (≥0.80).

Conclusions

There was an attentional bias for alcohol-related images among problematic drinkers relative to non-drinkers and the Mouseview.js indices of bias demonstrated adequate reliability. These findings provide preliminary support for the utility of Mouseview.js as a measure of attentional bias in problematic drinkers. With further validation studies, Mouseview.js may prove to be a powerful tool for conducting high-powered online studies of attentional biases associated with addictive behaviors.

本研究检验了Mouseview.js的实用性，这是一种基于网络摄像头的眼球追踪的替代方案，以评估酒精相关的注意力偏差与问题酒精使用之间的关联。方法通过Academic publications招募的加拿大人（N = 526）使用Mouseview.js完成了一项在线免费观看任务，以测量对酒精相关图像的偏见注意。18张与酒精有关的图片与视觉特征相匹配的中性图片配对。注意偏倚被估计为图像对在试验水平上停留时间的差异。样本包括132名不饮酒者、241名休闲饮酒者和153名问题饮酒者。参与者的平均年龄为33.5岁，50.8%为男性，40.4%为少数族裔。采用多级模型进行统计分析。结果问题饮酒者与非饮酒者相比，酒精相关图像与中性图像的停留时间差异更大，B = 3.75, z = 2.61, p = 0.009。在娱乐性饮酒者和非饮酒者之间，或者娱乐性饮酒者和有问题的饮酒者之间，没有显著差异。停留时间和停留时间差异的可靠性范围从可接受（≥0.70）到良好（≥0.80）。结论与非饮酒者相比，问题饮酒者对酒精相关图像存在注意偏倚，且Mouseview.js的偏倚指数具有足够的可靠性。这些发现为Mouseview.js作为问题饮酒者注意偏差的测量工具提供了初步支持。随着进一步的验证研究，Mouseview.js可能会被证明是一个强大的工具，用于进行与成瘾行为相关的注意力偏差的高质量在线研究。

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引用次数: 0

Duration of untreated illness in psychosis: conceptualising duration of the psychosis prodrome and duration of untreated psychosis in predicting outcome and refining early intervention 精神病中未治疗疾病的持续时间：概念化精神病前驱症状的持续时间和未治疗精神病的持续时间，以预测结果和改进早期干预

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100232

John L. Waddington , Nnamdi Nkire , Anthony Kinsella , Vincent Russell , Mary Clarke

Within duration of untreated illness (DUI), longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is reliably associated with greater impairment. Though influential in early intervention models, conceptual challenges endure: (i) Is longer duration of the psychosis prodrome (DPP), to include its early component preceding clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), also associated with greater impairment? (ii) Do DPP and DUP constitute two independent processes or successive moieties of a common process within DUI (= DPP + DUP)? This review first describes the origins of these concepts, outlines the challenges and evaluates lead-time bias as a potentially fatal artefact in the association between DUP and outcome. Then, with DPP and DUP showing similar numerical characteristics across psychotic diagnoses, it describes studies indicating that longer DPP, like longer DUP, predicts greater severity of negative symptoms across these diagnoses. Thus, DPP and DUP appear to be not only successive moieties in quantifying DUI; they also share, at least in part, an association with the severity of this fundamental determinant of impairment, functional outcome and quality of life. On this basis, the processes underlying these associations appear to include, at least in part, dichotomisation of DUI at an imprecise threshold defined by a point of transition from DPP to DUP. While the greater non-specificity of early prodromal symptoms (i.e. pre-CHR-P) has been interpreted as favouring population-based public health measures rather than targeted interventions, recent findings relating to DPP suggest that its utility as a target for early intervention may require re-evaluation.

在未治疗疾病（DUI）持续时间内，较长的未治疗精神病（DUP）持续时间与更大的损害可靠相关。虽然对早期干预模式有影响，但概念上的挑战仍然存在：(i)精神病前驱症状（DPP）持续时间较长，包括其临床精神病高风险（chrp）之前的早期组成部分，是否也与更大的损害有关？（ii） DPP和DUP是否构成DUI中两个独立的过程或一个共同过程的连续部分（= DPP + DUP）？这篇综述首先描述了这些概念的起源，概述了挑战，并评估了在DUP和结果之间的关联中，交货时间偏差是一个潜在的致命人为因素。然后，随着DPP和DUP在精神病诊断中显示出相似的数字特征，它描述的研究表明，DPP越长，就像DUP越长一样，预示着这些诊断中阴性症状的严重程度越高。因此，DPP和DUP似乎不仅是量化DUI的连续部分；至少在某种程度上，它们也与这种损害、功能结局和生活质量的基本决定因素的严重程度有关。在此基础上，这些关联背后的过程似乎包括，至少部分地，在从DPP到DUP的过渡点定义的不精确阈值上的DUI二分类。虽然早期前驱症状（即pre- chrp）更大的非特异性被解释为倾向于基于人群的公共卫生措施，而不是有针对性的干预措施，但最近与DPP相关的研究结果表明，它作为早期干预目标的效用可能需要重新评估。

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引用次数: 0

The duration of untreated illness in major depressive disorder: Clinical relevance, predictors, and strategies for early intervention 重度抑郁症患者未经治疗的病程：临床相关性、预测因素和早期干预策略

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100231

Riccardo Gurrieri, Gerardo Russomanno, Matteo Gambini, Elena Pescini, Giorgia Sità, Donatella Marazziti

The time elapsed between the initial onset of depressive symptoms and the beginning of appropriate treatment is a key determinant of clinical outcomes in affected individuals. A prolonged delay in initiating care is associated with great symptom severity, reduced response to treatment, increased risk for chronicity, cognitive impairment, and higher rates of suicidal behavior. The present narrative review explores the main factors contributing to treatment delays, their impact on illness progression, and the strategies available to promote early intervention. Through a structured search of the scientific literature, studies were grouped into three thematic domains: predictors of treatment delay, clinical consequences, and approaches to reduce delays. Results highlight the central role of attitudinal barriers, such as stigma, poor awareness of symptoms, and fear of psychiatric medications as major contributors to postponed help-seeking, often more robust than structural or economic limitations. Socio-demographic and clinical features, such as early age of onset or recurrent episodes, are also associated with longer delays. Neuroimaging and cognitive research suggest that untreated depressive symptoms may lead to persistent changes in brain function and structure. Reducing the time to treatment by means of early detection systems, community-based programs, and integrated models of care could be essential to improve recovery, prevent chronicity, and reduce the overall burden of depressive illness.

从抑郁症状最初发作到开始适当治疗之间的时间是影响个体临床结果的关键决定因素。开始治疗的长期延迟与症状严重程度高、治疗反应降低、慢性风险增加、认知障碍和自杀行为发生率升高有关。本综述探讨了导致治疗延误的主要因素，它们对疾病进展的影响，以及促进早期干预的策略。通过对科学文献的结构化搜索，研究被分为三个主题领域：治疗延误的预测因素、临床后果和减少延误的方法。结果强调了态度障碍的核心作用，如耻辱，对症状的认识不足，以及对精神药物的恐惧是延迟寻求帮助的主要原因，通常比结构或经济限制更强大。社会人口统计学和临床特征，如发病年龄早或反复发作，也与较长的延迟有关。神经影像学和认知研究表明，未经治疗的抑郁症状可能导致大脑功能和结构的持续变化。通过早期检测系统、以社区为基础的项目和综合护理模式来缩短治疗时间，对于改善康复、预防慢性疾病和减轻抑郁症的总体负担至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and reward processing in first-episode schizophrenia 首发精神分裂症患者的心肺健康、体重指数和奖励加工之间的关系

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100230

Luke G. Poole, Amber H. Sarwani, Hannah M. Perdue, Jonathon R. Bourque, Andrew A. Ude, Brandon L. Alderman

Motivational impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that contributes to functional disability and reduced quality of life. Although reward-related event-related potentials (ERPs), including the stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN), reward positivity (RewP), and late positive potential (LPP), have been linked to motivational impairment, they have not been examined in relation to potentially modifiable physical health factors early in illness. This study tested associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index (BMI), and reward-related ERPs in individuals with first episode schizophrenia. Twenty-three participants (M_age = 22.05 years; 78 % male) completed standardized assessments of aerobic fitness and BMI and performed a monetary reward task during EEG recording. Higher BMI was significantly associated with reduced RewP amplitude, whereas no significant associations were found between cardiorespiratory fitness and ERP measures. These findings suggest that metabolic burden may be linked to early abnormalities in evaluative stages of reward processing in schizophrenia. The relationship between physical health and reward dysfunction is likely bi-directional, highlighting the need for longitudinal and intervention studies. ERPs may serve as mechanistic biomarkers for clarifying these pathways and identifying early intervention targets.

动机障碍是精神分裂症的一个核心特征，它会导致功能性残疾和生活质量下降。尽管奖励相关事件相关电位（ERPs），包括刺激前负性电位（SPN）、奖励正性电位（RewP）和晚期正性电位（LPP）与动机损伤有关，但它们与疾病早期可能改变的身体健康因素的关系尚未得到研究。本研究测试了首发精神分裂症患者的心肺健康、身体质量指数（BMI）和奖励相关erp之间的关系。23名参与者（年龄22.05岁，78%为男性）完成了有氧适能和BMI的标准化评估，并在EEG记录期间执行了金钱奖励任务。较高的BMI与RewP幅度降低显著相关，而心肺适能与ERP测量之间没有显著关联。这些发现表明，代谢负担可能与精神分裂症患者奖赏处理评估阶段的早期异常有关。身体健康和奖励功能障碍之间的关系可能是双向的，强调了纵向和干预研究的必要性。erp可以作为澄清这些途径和确定早期干预目标的机制生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Piloting of an intervention to reduce problematic alcohol use in early phase psychosis 减少早期精神病患者酒精使用问题的干预试验

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100229

Rachel B. Church , Candice E. Crocker , Alissa Pencer , Eliza Garland , Jacob Cookey , Philip G. Tibbo

Substance misuse significantly impacts recovery during early phase psychosis (EPP). However, effective psychotherapeutic interventions for substance misuse in EPP patients are limited. Cognitive remediation offers a novel approach by targeting mechanisms underlying substance use, including cognitive control and emotional regulation. This pilot study aimed to explore the feasibility of using a modified Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) intervention in young adults with EPP, examining its effects on problematic alcohol use. This intervention, which focuses on remediation of neurocognitive and social cognitive deficits, was adapted with a reduced timeframe (6 months) and delivered via a virtual platform with the intent to improve retention. Participants who received CET saw improvements in verbal learning and memory, along with reductions in negative psychotic symptoms. Although the small sample size precluded statistical analyses, a notable reduction (50 %) in alcohol use, or cessation, was seen in 6 out of 7 participants with 3 individuals notably reaching abstinence by the trial end. Overall alcohol use was reduced by 35 %. Additionally, 3 participants with co-occurring cannabis use had significant reduction in cannabis risk scores (60 %) over the course of the trial. Feedback from the participants suggests CET's focus on emotional regulation, social confidence, and functional recovery contributed to their reduction in alcohol dependence. These promising outcomes highlight the need for further research to explore the potential benefits of cognitive remediation treatments for addressing substance misuse in EPP. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov under #NCT05365347.

药物滥用显著影响早期精神病（EPP）的康复。然而，有效的心理治疗干预药物滥用的EPP患者是有限的。认知修复提供了一种新的方法，通过针对潜在的物质使用机制，包括认知控制和情绪调节。本初步研究旨在探讨在年轻EPP患者中使用改进的认知增强疗法（CET）干预的可行性，并检查其对问题酒精使用的影响。该干预措施的重点是修复神经认知和社会认知缺陷，缩短了时间（6个月），并通过虚拟平台提供，目的是提高记忆力。接受CET治疗的参与者在语言学习和记忆方面有所改善，负面精神症状也有所减轻。虽然样本量小，无法进行统计分析，但7名参与者中有6人明显减少（50%）饮酒或戒烟，其中3人在试验结束时明显戒酒。总体酒精使用量减少了35%。此外，在试验过程中，同时使用大麻的3名参与者的大麻风险评分显著降低（60%）。参与者的反馈表明，CET对情绪调节、社交信心和功能恢复的关注有助于他们减少酒精依赖。这些有希望的结果突出了进一步研究的必要性，以探索认知补救治疗对解决EPP中物质滥用的潜在益处。该研究已在clinicaltrials.gov注册，编号NCT05365347。

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引用次数: 0

Association between age at first cannabis use, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and cannabis dependence by sex among U.S. young adults 在美国年轻人中，第一次使用大麻的年龄、焦虑和抑郁症状与大麻性别依赖之间的关系

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100228

Karissa Tran , Zerla Marie Oca , Milly Lopez , Jessica Orea , Margot Trogden , Kai Orozco , Aryanna Alarcon , Haylee DeLuca Bishop , Susan Stewart , Kim Pulvers

Background

This study investigates whether the association between age at first cannabis use, anxiety and depressive symptoms (modeled alone and together), and cannabis dependence varies by sex.

Method

Cross-sectional online study with 451 U.S. young adults in 2021 who used cannabis in the past 30 days.

Results

In the model with both anxiety and depression, cannabis dependence was associated with anxiety symptoms only in males (p = .0001) and depressive symptoms only in females (p = .007).

Conclusion

Modeling anxiety and depression co-occurrence provided unique insight into sex-specific associations between mental health symptoms and cannabis dependence.

本研究调查了首次使用大麻的年龄、焦虑和抑郁症状（单独和共同建模）以及大麻依赖之间的关系是否因性别而异。方法对451名在过去30天内使用过大麻的2021年美国年轻人进行横断面在线研究。结果在焦虑和抑郁并存的模型中，大麻依赖仅在男性中与焦虑症状相关（p = 0.0001），仅在女性中与抑郁症状相关（p = 0.007）。结论建立焦虑和抑郁共存的模型，为精神健康症状与大麻依赖之间的性别特异性关联提供了独特的见解。

引用次数: 0

Age, not sex, predicts needle fear and life interference 年龄，而不是性别，预示着针头恐惧和生活干扰

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100226

Anna Caltabiano , Taylor Burke , Jacqueline Nesi , Martina Di Simplicio , Nejra van Zalk

Fear of needles is common and can impair health-related behavior, yet remains underexamined in adult populations. This study assessed symptom severity and life interference associated with needle fear in a UK sample (N = 396). Findings showed 77 % of participants reported life interference due to needle fear despite almost no formal diagnosis. Younger adults had higher severity, with no significant sex differences. These results suggest a need for broad, low-barrier interventions to reduce needle fear and improve public health outcomes like vaccine uptake.

对针头的恐惧是常见的，并且会损害与健康相关的行为，但在成人人群中仍未得到充分的研究。本研究评估了英国样本（N = 396）中与针头恐惧相关的症状严重程度和生活干扰。调查结果显示，77%的参与者报告说，尽管几乎没有正式的诊断，但由于针头恐惧，他们的生活受到了干扰。年轻人有更高的严重程度，没有显著的性别差异。这些结果表明，有必要采取广泛、低障碍的干预措施，以减少针头恐惧，改善疫苗接种等公共卫生结果。

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of state, trait, generalized, and social anxiety, and well-being among undergraduate students at a university in the Dominican Republic 多明尼加共和国一所大学本科生的状态、特质、广泛性和社交焦虑的患病率及幸福感

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100225

Laura V. Sánchez-Vincitore , María E. Castelló Gómez , Bianca Lajara , Jon Andoni Duñabeitia , Hugo Marte-Santana

Anxiety is the most prevalent mental health disorder worldwide and a major concern among undergraduate students, affecting both well-being and academic performance. Despite its global relevance, mental health in Dominican university students remains understudied. This study examined the prevalence of different types of anxiety—state, trait, generalized, and social—and their association with well-being in a probabilistic sample of 376 students (mean age = 20.15, 56.92 % women) at a private university in the Dominican Republic. Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Results showed that 42.29 % had high state anxiety, 52.93 % high trait anxiety, 38.56 % moderate to severe generalized anxiety symptoms, and 21.81 % moderate to high social anxiety. In addition, 20.48 % reported very low well-being. Lower anxiety was significantly associated with better well-being. Cluster analysis revealed distinct student profiles: 41.8 % had mild anxiety and moderate well-being; 23.4 % had low anxiety and high well-being; 13.6 % had high anxiety and low well-being. More extreme profiles (e.g., severe anxiety with very low well-being) were rare (0.5 % each). Anxiety was more prevalent among women, while men reported higher well-being. These findings highlight the need to monitor mental health in Dominican universities and implement evidence-based strategies to support student well-being. The elevated anxiety levels observed may reflect the lingering psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

焦虑是世界上最普遍的心理健康障碍，也是大学生关注的主要问题，影响着幸福感和学习成绩。尽管与全球相关，但多米尼加大学生的心理健康问题仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了多米尼加共和国一所私立大学376名学生（平均年龄20.15岁，56.92%为女性）不同类型焦虑（状态焦虑、特质焦虑、广义焦虑和社交焦虑）的患病率及其与幸福感的关系。参与者完成了状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）、广泛性焦虑障碍-7 （GAD-7）、社会互动焦虑量表（SIAS）和世卫组织-5幸福指数。结果显示：42.29%的学生有高度状态焦虑，52.93%的学生有高度特质焦虑，38.56%的学生有中度至重度广泛性焦虑，21.81%的学生有中度至高度社交焦虑。此外，20.48%的人表示幸福感很低。较低的焦虑与较好的幸福感显著相关。聚类分析显示出不同的学生特征：41.8%的学生有轻度焦虑和中等幸福感；23.4%的人焦虑程度低，幸福感高；13.6%的人焦虑程度高，幸福感低。更极端的情况（例如，严重焦虑和非常低的幸福感）很少（各0.5%）。焦虑在女性中更为普遍，而男性的幸福感更高。这些发现突出表明，需要监测多米尼加大学的心理健康状况，并实施以证据为基础的战略，以支持学生的健康。观察到的焦虑水平升高可能反映了COVID-19大流行挥之不去的心理影响。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the predictive validity of the 12 V-RISK-Y items: A prospective naturalistic study in acute institutions for youth 评估12个V-RISK-Y项目的预测效度：一项青少年急性病机构的前瞻性自然主义研究

Psychiatry research communications

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100224

Anniken Lucia Willumsen Laake , John Olav Roaldset , Tonje Lossius Husum , Stål Kapstø Bjørkly , Carina Chudiakow Gustavsen , Sara Teresia Grenabo , Gry Nyland Andersen , Øyvind Lockertsen

Violence presents a substantial challenge in public institutions providing 24-h care for youth, necessitating methods for identifying violence risk to prevent violent incidents. Relative to adults, there are few violence risk instruments developed for use in non-forensic settings for youth. While we know that risk assessments should be tailored to target setting and population, we know little about saliency of risk factors across different institutional settings. The Violence Risk Assessment Checklist for Youth aged 12–18 (V-RISK-Y) is a 12-item screening instrument for violence risk developed for young people and validated in a multicenter study in acute child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient units and residential youth care institutions under child protective services. Results showed that V-RISK-Y sum score and overall assessment was significantly associated with violence for the whole sample, but had better predictive accuracy in adolescent inpatient psychiatry compared to residential youth care. Elaborating on these findings, the present study explored the predictive validity of the 12 individual items of V-RISK-Y. For the full sample, eight V-RISK-Y items were significant predictors for registered violent incidents during admission. Items V1 Prior and/or current violence; V2 Prior and/or current threats; and V12 Youth/guardians’ own perception of violence risk were the strongest predictors. Compared to the inpatient psychiatric units, fewer items significantly predicted registered events for youth in the residential youth care institutions. Findings contribute to enhanced knowledge about violence risk factors for institutionalized youth, and have potential to inform weighting of risk factors in different settings and target populations.

暴力是向青年提供24小时照料的公共机构面临的重大挑战，因此需要确定暴力风险以防止暴力事件的方法。与成年人相比，很少有针对青少年在非法医环境中使用的暴力风险工具。虽然我们知道风险评估应该根据目标设定和人群进行调整，但我们对不同机构环境中风险因素的显著性知之甚少。12-18岁青少年暴力风险评估清单（V-RISK-Y）是一项针对年轻人的暴力风险筛查工具，由12个项目组成，并在儿童保护服务下的急性儿童和青少年精神病住院病房和青少年寄宿照料机构的多中心研究中得到验证。结果显示，在整个样本中，V-RISK-Y总和得分和总体评估与暴力显著相关，但在青少年精神病学住院患者中，与寄宿青少年护理相比，预测准确性更高。在此基础上，本研究进一步探讨了V-RISK-Y量表中12个单项的预测效度。对于整个样本，8个V-RISK-Y项目是入院期间登记的暴力事件的重要预测因子。先前和/或目前的暴力行为；先前和/或当前的威胁；青少年/监护人自身对暴力风险的认知是最强的预测因子。与精神科住院部相比，住宿青少年护理机构青少年的登记事件显著预测项目较少。调查结果有助于提高对收容青年暴力风险因素的认识，并有可能为不同环境和目标人群的风险因素加权提供信息。

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引用次数: 0