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Attitudes and preferences of the Chinese public towards products made from recycled materials: A text mining approach 中国公众对再生材料产品的态度和偏好:文本挖掘方法
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200234
Heng Xu, Chong Tian
Products made from recycled materials, as an environmentally friendly option, have attracted public attention. Understanding public attitudes and preferences towards such products is crucial for their market development. In order to explore the Chinese residents’ attitude and emotional tendency, we analyzed public discussions and topics on products made from recycled materials from Sina Weibo. Meanwhile, LDA and BERT deep learning models were employed to assess the level of public attention, hot topics, and sentiment tendencies in China. Results show a significant upward trend in public interest in products made from recycled materials. Although the fact that most people have a positive attitude towards the environmental concept of products made from recycled materials and support such products, there is not a significant demand for products made from recycled materials, i.e., there is a green attitude-behaviour gap. Results further reveal that factors such as the price of products made from recycled materials, branding, and public skepticism about the sustainability of the products are the main reasons for the gap between environmental awareness and consumer behaviour. By analyzing the public's cognitive structure and psychological characteristics regarding products made from recycled materials through social media data, this paper can help recycling manufacturers understand consumers' needs and expectations, as well as assist policymakers in formulating better circular economy policies.
回收材料制成的产品作为一种环保选择,已经引起了公众的关注。了解公众对这类产品的态度和偏好对其市场发展至关重要。为了探究中国居民的态度和情感倾向,我们分析了新浪微博中关于再生材料产品的公众讨论和话题。同时,采用 LDA 和 BERT 深度学习模型来评估中国公众的关注程度、热点话题和情感倾向。结果显示,公众对再生材料产品的关注度呈明显上升趋势。虽然大多数人对再生材料制成的产品的环保理念持积极态度,并对此类产品表示支持,但对再生材料制成的产品的需求并不明显,即存在绿色态度-行为差距。研究结果进一步揭示,回收材料制成的产品的价格、品牌以及公众对产品可持续性的怀疑等因素是造成环保意识与消费者行为之间差距的主要原因。本文通过社交媒体数据分析了公众对回收材料制成的产品的认知结构和心理特征,有助于回收制造商了解消费者的需求和期望,也有助于政策制定者制定更好的循环经济政策。
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引用次数: 0
Decoding sustainable consumption behavior: A systematic review of theories and models and provision of a guidance framework 解码可持续消费行为:对理论和模型的系统审查以及提供指导框架
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200232
Shayaan Syed , Adolf Acquaye , Malik Mansoor Khalfan , Theresa Obuobisa-Darko , Fred Amofa Yamoah
Sustainable consumption behavior (SCB) has gained increasing importance in addressing global challenges such as climate change and resource depletion. This paper presents a systematic review of theories and models applied to understanding SCB. A total of 64 studies, published between 2012 and 2022, were analyzed, utilizing 14 theories, models and subjects to identify key drivers of SCB. Among the theories, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was the most frequently employed, with 29 studies, highlighting the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on sustainable consumption. Other prominent frameworks include Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), used in 5 studies, and the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) Theory, applied in 4 studies. The review identified a trend toward expanding TPB to include factors such as altruism and environmental concern to better capture SCB's complexity. Moreover, models like the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (used in 4 studies) emphasize the role of innovation adoption in promoting sustainability. Key findings also suggest that while internal motivations (e.g., personal values, attitudes) strongly influence SCB, external factors like social norms and policy interventions also play a crucial role. A notable challenge is the gap between intention and actual behavior, with several studies emphasizing the need for multi-dimensional approaches that integrate psychological, social, and contextual factors. This review consolidates diverse approaches into a guiding framework for future SCB studies, emphasizing the importance of contextual nuances and interdisciplinary collaboration to foster sustainable consumer behaviors across various domains.
可持续消费行为(SCB)在应对气候变化和资源枯竭等全球性挑战方面的重要性与日俱增。本文对用于理解可持续消费行为的理论和模型进行了系统回顾。本文共分析了 2012 年至 2022 年间发表的 64 项研究,利用 14 种理论、模型和研究对象来确定 SCB 的关键驱动因素。在这些理论中,计划行为理论(TPB)最常用,共有 29 项研究,强调了态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对可持续消费的影响。其他著名的框架包括社会认知理论(Social Cognitive Theory,SCT)(5 项研究采用)和价值-信念-规范理论(Value-Belief-Norm,VBN)(4 项研究采用)。综述发现了一种趋势,即扩展 TPB,纳入利他主义和环境关注等因素,以更好地捕捉 SCB 的复杂性。此外,创新扩散理论(有 4 项研究采用)等模型强调了采用创新在促进可持续发展中的作用。主要研究结果还表明,虽然内部动机(如个人价值观、态度)对可持续发展委员会有很大影响,但社会规范和政策干预等外部因素也起着至关重要的作用。一个值得注意的挑战是意向与实际行为之间的差距,有几项研究强调需要综合心理、社会和环境因素的多维方法。本综述将各种不同的方法整合成一个指导框架,供未来的可持续消费行为研究使用,并强调了背景细微差别和跨学科合作对促进各领域可持续消费行为的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
A two-step approach to recycling hydroponics waste nutrient solutions using fertiliser drawn forward osmosis and chemical precipitation 利用肥料正向渗透法和化学沉淀法回收水培废弃营养液的两步法
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200233
Suhaib Malkawi , Dharmappa Hagare , Basant Maheshwari
Hydroponic waste nutrient solutions (HWNS) present significant environmental and economic challenges due to their high phosphorus content and potential for eutrophication. Addressing these issues requires innovative approaches that mitigate environmental impacts and recover valuable resources. This study introduces a novel two-step approach that combines Fertiliser Drawn Forward Osmosis (FDFO) and chemical precipitation to recycle HWNS effectively.
In the first phase, FDFO was employed to concentrate HWNS using a commercial hydroponic fertiliser as the draw solution. This process resulted in a diluted fertiliser solution (potentially suitable for reuse in hydroponics irrigation) and a concentrated HWNS rich in phosphorus. The concentrated HWNS was then subjected to chemical precipitation in the second phase, where phosphorus was recovered as calcium phosphate by adding sodium hydroxide at an optimised pH of 9.5.
Bench-scale experiments demonstrated a 93% water recovery rate using FDFO and an impressive 99.5% phosphorus removal efficiency through chemical precipitation. These results indicate that the combined FDFO and chemical precipitation processes effectively recover water and phosphorus from HWNS and reduce reliance on synthetic fertilisers and freshwater in hydroponic systems.
The findings of this study demonstrate that the two-step approach not only enhances water and phosphorus recovery but also improves the efficiency of the chemical precipitation process by achieving higher recovery rates resulting in more sustainable hydroponic systems.
水耕废料营养液(HWNS)由于含磷量高并可能造成富营养化,给环境和经济带来了巨大挑战。要解决这些问题,就必须采用创新方法,减轻对环境的影响并回收宝贵的资源。本研究介绍了一种新颖的两步法,该方法结合了肥料牵引正向渗透(FDFO)和化学沉淀法,可有效回收利用 HWNS。这一过程产生了稀释的肥料溶液(可能适合在水培灌溉中重复使用)和富含磷的浓缩 HWNS。然后,浓缩的 HWNS 在第二阶段进行化学沉淀,在最佳 pH 值为 9.5 的条件下加入氢氧化钠,以磷酸钙的形式回收磷。基准规模实验表明,使用 FDFO 的水回收率为 93%,通过化学沉淀的除磷效率为 99.5%,令人印象深刻。这些结果表明,FDFO 和化学沉淀相结合的工艺能有效回收 HWNS 中的水和磷,减少水培系统对合成肥料和淡水的依赖。这项研究的结果表明,两步法不仅能提高水和磷的回收率,还能提高化学沉淀工艺的效率,达到更高的回收率,从而实现更可持续的水培系统。
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引用次数: 0
Electrolysis and waste heat utilisation in the sustainable transition of Germany's energy system 德国能源系统可持续转型中的电解和余热利用
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200231
Frank Schiller, Katharina Prehn, Pascal Knebel, Gunther Gehlert
The article examines the use of the by-product waste heat in hydrogen projects in Germany. It identifies several conditions for the use of waste heat. These relate to infrastructure, electrolysis operating modes and sector coupling. It uses a set-theoretic method to attribute causality between these conditions and the outcome, in order to arrive at a robust comparison of the heterogeneous cases. Counter-intuitively, our analysis suggests that the absence of gas infrastructure, along with existing district heating systems, is the strongest explanatory condition for waste heat recovery, with industrial participation supporting this.
文章探讨了德国氢气项目中副产品废热的使用情况。文章指出了使用余热的几个条件。这些条件涉及基础设施、电解操作模式和行业耦合。文章采用集合理论方法来确定这些条件与结果之间的因果关系,以便对不同的情况进行稳健的比较。与直觉相反的是,我们的分析表明,没有天然气基础设施以及现有的区域供热系统是废热回收的最强解释条件,而工业参与支持了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Cost factors affecting the utilisation of secondary materials in the construction sector: A systematic literature review 影响建筑行业二次材料利用的成本因素:系统文献综述
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200230
Soheila Ghafoor , Salman Shooshtarian , Nilupa Udawatta , Argaw Gurmu , Gayani Karunasena , Tayyab Maqsood
The building and construction sector accounts for a substantial portion of the consumption of natural resources and the generation of waste. The use of secondary materials in this sector offers a promising avenue to reduce reliance on primary materials and curb waste generation. However, the utilisation of these materials is heavily influenced by cost considerations and a comprehensive understanding of the associated costs is lacking. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed key literature to identify cost categories and factors that influence the cost of utilising secondary materials in construction projects. The PRISMA method was employed for asystematic review of the literature from 2013 to 2023. Furthermore, the study explored strategies for enhancing cost performance. The results delineated 13 distinct cost categories within five phases of materials' extended service life (i.e. end-of-life, secondary production, design and planning, installation in existing/new site and operation) and 53 factors influencing the cost performance of secondary materials. Additionally, 22 diverse strategies were identified to enhance this performance. The paper recommends two approaches to implement these strategies: establishing government-led platforms to promote these strategies and enhancing waste education. The findings hold significance for practitioners and policymakers aiming to enhance resource efficiency in construction projects towards a Circular Economy (CE).
在自然资源的消耗和废物的产生中,建筑和建造业占了很大一部分。在这一领域使用二次材料为减少对一次材料的依赖和抑制废物的产生提供了一个很有前景的途径。然而,这些材料的使用在很大程度上受到成本因素的影响,而且对相关成本缺乏全面的了解。因此,本研究系统地查阅了主要文献,以确定影响建筑项目中二次材料利用成本的成本类别和因素。本研究采用 PRISMA 方法对 2013 年至 2023 年的文献进行了系统回顾。此外,研究还探讨了提高成本绩效的策略。研究结果划分出材料延长使用寿命的五个阶段(即报废、二次生产、设计与规划、现有/新场地安装和运营)中的 13 个不同成本类别,以及 53 个影响二次材料成本绩效的因素。此外,还确定了 22 种不同的策略来提高这种性能。论文建议采用两种方法来实施这些策略:建立政府主导的平台来推广这些策略,以及加强废物教育。这些研究结果对旨在提高建筑项目资源效率、实现循环经济(CE)的从业人员和政策制定者具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Solid Waste Management in Fiji: A Comprehensive Approach with LCA, GIS, and Waste Treatment Strategies 加强斐济的固体废物管理:采用生命周期评估、地理信息系统和废物处理战略的综合方法
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200228
Laisa Matagi , Delmaria Richards , Helmut Yabar , Takeshi Mizunoya , Gia Hong Tran , Christian Toochukwu Ogbonna

Small island developing states (SIDS) face persistent challenges in managing household solid waste due to inadequate waste management infrastructure. This study investigates the existing solid waste management practices in Nasinu Town Council, Fiji, through waste characterization survey (WACS) and life cycle assessment (LCA), accompanied by geographic information system (GIS) analysis to evaluate potential waste treatment facilities. Various strategies are explored, including recycling inorganic waste and converting organic waste into energy. Landfill gas recovery is identified as a significant contributor to reducing toxic gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and methane (CH₄) emissions. Furthermore, treating organic waste reduces landfill volume and minimizes the release of pollutants. The study emphasizes the importance of supportive policies for effective solid waste management and highlights how organic waste treatment can improve waste management in Nasinu Town. This research, unique among SIDS studies, provides valuable insights and replicable technologies applicable to the study area and the broader Pacific Region, with the potential to significantly improve solid waste management practices.

由于废物管理基础设施不足,小岛屿发展中国家(SIDS)在管理家庭固体废物方面面临着长期挑战。本研究通过废物特征调查 (WACS) 和生命周期评估 (LCA),以及地理信息系统 (GIS) 分析,调查了斐济纳西努镇政府现有的固体废物管理做法,以评估潜在的废物处理设施。对各种策略进行了探讨,包括回收无机废物和将有机废物转化为能源。垃圾填埋场气体回收被认为是减少二氧化碳 (CO₂)、一氧化二氮 (N₂O) 和甲烷 (CH₄) 等有毒气体排放的重要因素。此外,处理有机废物还可减少垃圾填埋量,最大限度地减少污染物的排放。该研究强调了支持性政策对有效管理固体废物的重要性,并重点介绍了有机废物处理如何改善纳西努镇的废物管理。这项研究在小岛屿发展中国家的研究中是独一无二的,它提供了宝贵的见解和可复制的技术,适用于研究地区和更广泛的太平洋地区,有可能显著改善固体废物管理实践。
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引用次数: 0
A classification of food products to enhance circular economy and reduce waste: A systematic literature review 食品分类,促进循环经济,减少浪费:系统性文献综述
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200229
Stella Viscardi, Claudia Colicchia

Along food supply chains, one-third of global food production is wasted annually: circular economy can be applied to prevent and recover food waste. The literature has explored food waste from many perspectives; however, no attention has been devoted to understanding how the intrinsic characteristics of food products influence food waste generation and valorization. This study proposes a classification of food products based on circular economy principles derived from a systematic literature review. The classification sheds light on how the intrinsic variability of food products influences food waste generation and recovery along the supply chain. The characteristics that drive differences in terms of food waste are identified by defining two product groups for each step of the chain (primary production: plant origin and animal origin; manufacturing: minimally processed and processed; distribution: ambient temperature and controlled temperature; retail: short shelf life and long shelf life). This stresses the intertwining of food waste with supply chain operations. Moreover, within the same supply chain stage, food waste causes and circular economy actions vary greatly depending on the product characteristics. The review also reveals how the most relevant causes within each product category correspond to a high relevance of practices addressing these causes. The adopted perspective represents a novel contribution to knowledge, providing a clear discussion of the variability of food waste along the supply chain and unveiling aspects requiring further research. From a practical standpoint, the classification can empower food industry actors to develop circular economy actions through an appropriate understanding of product characteristics.

在食品供应链中,每年有三分之一的全球食品被浪费:循环经济可用于防止和回收食品浪费。文献从多个角度探讨了食物浪费问题,但还没有人关注食品的内在特性如何影响食物浪费的产生和价值。本研究根据系统性文献综述得出的循环经济原则,提出了一种食品分类方法。该分类揭示了食品的内在差异性如何影响供应链上食物垃圾的产生和回收。通过为供应链的每个环节定义两个产品组(初级生产:植物源和动物源;制造:微加工和加工;分销:常温和控温;零售:短保质期和长保质期),确定了造成食物浪费差异的特征。这就强调了食物浪费与供应链运作的相互交织。此外,在同一供应链阶段,食物浪费的原因和循环经济行动也因产品特性的不同而大相径庭。审查还揭示了每个产品类别中最相关的原因如何与解决这些原因的实践高度相关。所采用的视角是对知识的新贡献,清晰地讨论了食物浪费在供应链中的可变性,并揭示了需要进一步研究的方面。从实用的角度来看,这种分类方法可以使食品行业的参与者通过对产品特性的适当了解来制定循环经济行动。
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引用次数: 0
Recycling devulcanized EPDM to improve engineering properties of SBR rubber compounds 回收脱硫三元乙丙橡胶,改善丁苯橡胶混合物的工程特性
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200227
X. Colom , M. Marín , M.R. Saeb , K. Formela , J. Cañavate

Ethylene propylene diene rubbers (EPDM) have gained substantial attention in automotive and industrial applications owing to their exceptional resistance against weathering and heat. Despite their advantages, the elastomeric nature of EPDM poses challenges in its recycling due to the presence of crosslinks in their chemical structure, preventing them from melting. To overcome this issue, devulcanized EPDM (EPDMd) has been developed, characterized by the effective breaking of these crosslinks. Our study focuses on common composites that include Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), EPDM and silica, but with the incorporation of devulcanized EPDM (EPDMd).

We have studied the mechanical, thermal, structural and dielectric properties of SBR composites containing EPDMd at variable compositions (0, 20, 40, 50, 60 phr). Employing techniques such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectropy (FTIR), and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), we have explored the microstructural changes driving the macroscopic effects on the measured properties.

The results show that incorporating EPDMd improves the crosslinking degree and, at optimal 40 phr loading, significantly increases the mechanical properties of SBR matrix. The addition of SiO2, in general, reduce tensile strength and elongation, while increasing the Young's modulus, except for compositions around 40 phr EPDMd. The dielectric measurements are in concordance with the previous data, showing a moderation of the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) effect due to SiO2 in highly filled EPDMd composites at 40 phr EPDMd.

三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)因其优异的耐候性和耐热性,在汽车和工业应用领域受到广泛关注。尽管三元乙丙橡胶具有这些优点,但由于其化学结构中存在交联,使其无法熔化,因此三元乙丙橡胶的弹性性质给其回收利用带来了挑战。为了克服这一问题,人们开发了脱硫化三元乙丙橡胶(EPDMd),其特点是能有效地切断这些交联。我们的研究重点是包括丁苯橡胶(SBR)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和二氧化硅在内的普通复合材料,但其中加入了脱硫化三元乙丙橡胶(EPDMd)。我们研究了含有不同成分(0、20、40、50、60 phr)三元乙丙橡胶(EPDMd)的 SBR 复合材料的机械、热、结构和介电特性。利用热重分析 (TGA)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等技术,我们探索了微观结构变化对测量性能的宏观影响。一般来说,添加 SiO2 会降低拉伸强度和伸长率,同时增加杨氏模量,但 EPDMd 含量在 40 phr 左右时除外。介电测量结果与之前的数据一致,显示在 40 phr EPDMd 的高填充 EPDMd 复合材料中,二氧化硅会减缓 Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) 效应。
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引用次数: 0
Towards circular economy of wasted printed circuit boards of mobile phones fuelled by machine learning and robust mathematical optimization framework 在机器学习和稳健数学优化框架的推动下,实现废旧手机印刷电路板的循环经济
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200226
Waqar Muhammad Ashraf , Prashant Ram Jadhao , Ramdayal Panda , Kamal Kishore Pant , Vivek Dua

Estimating the operating conditions using conventional process analysis techniques for the maximum metal extraction from the wasted printed circuit boards (WPCB) can provide sub-optimal solutions leading to the low yield of the process. In this paper, we present a closed-loop methodological framework built on machine learning and robust mathematical optimization technique, that offers the mathematical rigour, to determine the optimum operating conditions for the maximum Cu and Ni recovery from the WPCB. Alkali leaching based novel metals recovery process from the WPCB is designed, and the experiments are conducted to collect the data on the percentage recovery of Cu and Ni against the operating levels of the process input variables (ammonia concentration (NH3 conc. (g/L)), ammonium sulfate concentration ((NH4)2SO4 conc. (g/L)), H2O2 concentration (H2O2 conc. (M)), time (h), liquid to solid ratio (L/S ratio, (mL/g)), temperature (Temp. (°C)), and stirring speed (rpm)). The experimental data is deployed to construct the functional mapping between the nonlinear output variables of metals recovery process with the hyperdimensional input space through artificial neural network (ANN) based modelling algorithm – a powerful universal function approximator. Well-predictive ANN models for Cu and Ni recovery are developed having co-efficient of determination (R2) value more than 0.90. Partial derivative-based sensitivity analysis is then carried out to establish the order of the significance of the input variables that is backed by the domain knowledge, thus promotes the interpretability of the trained ANN models. The hybridization of ANN with NLP (nonlinear programming) framework is implemented for the determination of optimized operating conditions to extract maximum Cu and Ni under separate and combined model of metal extraction. The robustness of the determined solutions is verified, the determined optimized solutions for the metal recovery are validated in the lab, and the maximum metal recovery, i.e., 100 % Cu and 90 % Ni is extracted from the WPCB. This research demonstrates the effective utilization of ANN model-based robust optimization approach for the metal recovery from the WPCB that supports the circular economy for the metal extraction industry.

使用传统工艺分析技术估算从废印刷电路板(WPCB)中最大限度提取金属的操作条件,可能会提供次优解决方案,导致工艺产量低。在本文中,我们提出了一种建立在机器学习和稳健数学优化技术基础上的闭环方法框架,该框架具有数学严谨性,可确定最佳操作条件,以最大限度地从废印刷电路板中回收铜和镍。设计了基于碱浸出的从 WPCB 中回收金属的新工艺,并进行了实验,以收集与工艺输入变量(氨浓度(NH3 conc.(g/L)、硫酸铵浓度((NH4)2SO4 conc. (g/L))、H2O2 浓度(H2O2 conc. (M))、时间(h)、液固比(L/S 比,(mL/g))、温度(Temp.通过基于人工神经网络(ANN)的建模算法(一种强大的通用函数近似器),利用实验数据构建金属回收过程的非线性输出变量与超维输入空间之间的函数映射。针对铜和镍的回收开发出了具有良好预测性的 ANN 模型,其决定系数 (R2) 值大于 0.90。然后进行了基于偏导数的敏感性分析,以确定输入变量的重要性顺序,该顺序由领域知识支持,从而提高了训练有素的 ANN 模型的可解释性。将 ANN 与 NLP(非线性程序设计)框架进行混合,以确定在单独和组合金属提取模型下提取最大铜和镍的优化操作条件。确定的解决方案的稳健性得到了验证,确定的金属回收优化方案在实验室中得到了验证,并从 WPCB 中提取了最大的金属回收率,即 100% 的铜和 90% 的镍。这项研究表明,基于 ANN 模型的稳健优化方法可有效地从 WPCB 中回收金属,从而支持金属提取行业的循环经济。
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引用次数: 0
Recycling of iron-rich basic oxygen furnace dust using hydrogen-based direct reduction 利用氢基直接还原法回收富铁碱性氧气炉尘
IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200225
Oleksandr Kovtun , Mykyta Levchenko , Stephan Höntsch , Laura Lohmeier , Marcus Schreiner , Martin Gräbner , Olena Volkova

The reduction of iron oxide-bearing ores necessitates the exploration of alternatives. Recycling iron oxide-enriched metallurgical dust could serve as secondary raw material for metallurgical processes. Implementing environmentally friendly technologies utilizing hydrogen has prompted the concept of hydrogen reduction of metallurgical dust to recycle secondary steel production products. The present study investigates the characteristics of hydrogen reduction of briquettes and pellets produced from basic oxygen furnace dust and reduced at the temperature of 850 °C. Experimental results revealed that the reduction degree for pellets was approximately 1.5 times higher compared to briquettes. The reduction swelling index of pellets was noticeable lower compared to literature data of reduction swelling index for iron ore pellets. Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was carried out to detect changes in the microstructure and chemical composition of the samples. Subsequent melting of the reduced samples unveiled non-metallic inclusions within the iron alloy and the impact of slag on their distribution between the alloy and slag.

要还原含氧化铁的矿石,就必须探索替代方法。回收富含氧化铁的冶金粉尘可作为冶金工艺的二次原料。利用氢气实施环境友好型技术促使人们提出了用氢气还原冶金粉尘以回收二次钢铁生产产品的概念。本研究调查了在 850 °C 温度下氢还原碱性氧气炉粉尘生产的煤块和球团的特性。实验结果表明,球团的还原度约为煤球的 1.5 倍。与铁矿球团的还原膨胀指数文献数据相比,球团的还原膨胀指数明显较低。扫描电子显微镜/能量色散 X 射线光谱法检测了样品微观结构和化学成分的变化。随后对还原样品进行熔化,揭示了铁合金中的非金属夹杂物以及熔渣对其在合金和熔渣之间分布的影响。
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Resources, conservation & recycling advances
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