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Comprehensive impact assessment of carbon neutral pathways and air pollution control policies in Shaanxi Province of China 陕西省大气污染治理政策与碳中和路径综合影响评价
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200143
Zewei Lin , Peng Wang , Songyan Ren , Daiqing Zhao

Low-carbon policies will have a significant impact on air quality. This study builds an integrated assessment model to systematically assess the impacts of different carbon neutral pathways and air pollution control policies in Shaanxi province. We found that the contribution rate of low-carbon policies to air quality improvement will be greater than end-of-pipe control. Carbon neutral pathways could prevent 5 to 10 thousand premature deaths and bring 5.7 to 10.4 billion USD in environmental health benefits. From the perspective of cost-benefit, low-carbon policies can bring positive benefits of 0.27% of GDP before 2030. Carbon reduction costs will increase rapidly after 2035, and the loss of total social-economic benefits in 2060 is 3.16% to 16.57%. Achieving carbon neutrality means a disruptive technological shift, reducing the policy costs of climate governance by aggressively developing more zero-carbon and negative-carbon technologies.

低碳政策将对空气质量产生重大影响。本研究构建了综合评估模型,系统评估了陕西省不同碳中和路径与大气污染治理政策的影响。我们发现低碳政策对空气质量改善的贡献率将大于末端控制。碳中和途径可防止5万至1万人过早死亡,并带来57亿至104亿美元的环境健康效益。从成本效益的角度来看,低碳政策在2030年前可以带来GDP的0.27%的正效益。2035年后碳减排成本将快速增加,2060年社会经济总效益损失3.16% ~ 16.57%。实现碳中和意味着破坏性的技术转变,通过积极开发更多的零碳和负碳技术来降低气候治理的政策成本。
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引用次数: 2
What should an adaptable building look like? 适应性强的建筑应该是什么样子?
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200158
Harry Watt , Buick Davison , Peter Hodgson , Chris Kitching , Densley Tingley Danielle's

Current building design practices largely focus on operational efficiency and initial material optimisation in the pursuit of sustainable construction. These short-term carbon savings are potentially detrimental to the long-term futureproofing of a building. As such, the suggestion to design buildings for adaptability has gained traction in recent years. An adaptable building is one that could be easily modified to suit its changing requirements, allowing it to avoid premature demolition and reconstruction, and the associated carbon emissions. This paper explores what is meant by adaptability in the built environment, suggestions for design strategies and the benefits and drawbacks of each. The paper expressly emphasises the importance of balancing the needs of the present day, through upfront carbon reductions, with the consequences in the long-term, through accelerated building obsolescence, demolition and rebuild. The paper concludes with the recommendation that further research is needed into the true benefits of adaptability design strategies, factoring in the uncertainty of future predictions and the time-value of carbon.

当前的建筑设计实践主要侧重于运营效率和最初的材料优化,以追求可持续建筑。这些短期的碳节约对建筑的长期未来防护可能是有害的。因此,近年来,设计适应性强的建筑的建议得到了广泛的关注。适应性强的建筑可以很容易地进行修改,以适应不断变化的需求,从而避免过早的拆除和重建,以及相关的碳排放。本文探讨了建筑环境适应性的含义,对设计策略的建议以及每种策略的优缺点。该文件明确强调了平衡当前需求的重要性,通过前期的碳减排,以及通过加速建筑陈旧、拆除和重建的长期后果。本文最后建议,考虑到未来预测的不确定性和碳的时间价值,需要进一步研究适应性设计策略的真正效益。
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引用次数: 2
Grey energy impact of building material recycling – a new assessment method based on process chains 建筑材料回收的灰色能量影响——一种基于过程链的新评估方法
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200139
Karin Gruhler, Georg Schiller

The manufacture of building materials consumes vast quantities of raw materials and accounts for a large proportion of global material flows and GHG emissions. Recycling demolition waste is thus a useful and practical way to conserve resources in the construction sector. For climate protection, it is important to investigate the material-induced grey energy of the recycling process. In this study we ask how grey energies induced by construction products based on secondary differ from equivalent products based on virgin materials. To evaluate this, we use a novel multi-stage assessment method presented in this paper. With this method, for the first time, we are able to calculate grey energy of entire recycling process chains starting from construction and demolition waste and ending with the new secondary material based building product, taking into account all the adjustments necessary to guarantee its functional equivalence to primary material based products. In 15 of the 19 process chains analysed, the use of RC material leads to in part rather significant positive grey energy impacts i.e. energy savings. In nine cases, the savings are over 50%, in six cases they are lower. The most important influential factors is the quality of both, the initial demolition material and the final construction product, defined by the product requirements. Furthermore, we conclude that an integrated recycling system is essential to ensure the recycling of co-products discharged during individual processing steps and provide evidence for further scientific discussion on how recycling can contribute to climate-neutral construction.

建筑材料的制造消耗了大量的原材料,在全球材料流动和温室气体排放中占很大比例。因此,回收拆卸废物是节省建筑业资源的一个有用而实用的方法。为了保护气候,研究回收过程中材料引起的灰色能量是很重要的。在这项研究中,我们询问了基于二次材料的建筑产品与基于原始材料的等效产品产生的灰色能量有何不同。为了对此进行评估,我们使用了本文提出的一种新的多阶段评估方法。利用这种方法,我们首次能够计算从建筑和拆除废物开始到新的二次材料建筑产品结束的整个回收过程链的灰色能量,同时考虑到确保其与一次材料产品功能等效所需的所有调整。在分析的19个过程链中,有15个过程链使用RC材料,在一定程度上产生了相当显著的正灰色能源影响,即节能。在九种情况下,节省的费用超过50%,在六种情况下则更低。最重要的影响因素是由产品要求定义的初始拆除材料和最终施工产品的质量。此外,我们得出的结论是,综合回收系统对于确保回收个别加工步骤中排放的副产品至关重要,并为进一步科学讨论回收如何有助于气候中性建筑提供证据。
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引用次数: 1
Identification of most relevant variables and processes to assess the environmental impacts of remediation technologies along their life cycles: Focus on the waste management scenarios 确定最相关的变量和过程,以评估修复技术在其生命周期中的环境影响:重点关注废物管理情景
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200155
M. Menegaldo , L. Pizzol , A. Tinello , P. Scanferla , A. Zabeo , S. Breda , A. Marcomini , S.A. Frisario , L. Zaninetta , G. Bonfedi , F. Villani , E. Semenzin

The application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to remediation technologies is still not a consolidated practice and it is especially lacking in the assessment of the environmental impacts associated to the management of the waste produced during remediation. This study aims at addressing these methodological gaps by identifying the typologies of waste typically generated during the remediation of a contaminated site and classifying them according to the European Waste Catalogue (EWC) codes. Thereafter, the following steps are: (i) the identification of the waste management scenarios (WMSs) applicable to the identified waste typologies, (ii) the selection of Life Cycle Assessment processes that can be used to assess the impacts of the different WMSs and (iii) the quantification and comparison of the environmental impacts caused by the different WMSs applied considering hazardousness levels to which the same waste may belong in relation to its contamination levels and characteristics: inert, non-hazardous and hazardous waste (Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC). As results, a matrix reporting the classes and typologies of waste, their EWC codes, their different WMSs and the suitable LCA processes from the Ecoinvent database that can be applied to each EWC within a specific WMS, has been developed. Additionally, the comparative assessment of the impacts caused by the Ecoinvent processes applicable to the same waste typology within the same WMS has been performed to support the selection of the most appropriate WMS case by case.

生命周期评估(LCA)在修复技术中的应用仍然不是一种统一的做法,尤其是在评估与修复过程中产生的废物管理相关的环境影响方面。本研究旨在通过识别污染场地修复过程中通常产生的废物类型,并根据欧洲废物目录(EWC)代码对其进行分类,来解决这些方法上的差距。此后,以下步骤是:(i)识别适用于所识别的废物类型的废物管理场景(WMS),(ii)可用于评估不同WMS影响的生命周期评估过程的选择,以及(iii)考虑到同一废物可能属于的与其污染水平和特征相关的危险性水平,对不同WMS造成的环境影响进行量化和比较:惰性,无害和危险废物(废物框架指令2008/98/EC)。因此,已经开发了一个矩阵,报告了废物的类别和类型、EWC代码、不同的WMS以及Ecoinvent数据库中适用于特定WMS中每个EWC的适当LCA过程。此外,还对适用于同一WMS内相同废物类型的Ecoinvent工艺造成的影响进行了比较评估,以支持根据具体情况选择最合适的WMS。
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引用次数: 0
Recycled plastics and rubber for green roads: The case study of devulcanized tire rubber and waste plastics compounds to enhance bitumen performance 用于绿色道路的再生塑料和橡胶:脱硫轮胎橡胶和废塑料化合物提高沥青性能的案例研究
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200157
Haider Ibrahim , Stefano Marini , Luca Desidery , Michele Lanotte

Devulcanized rubber (DVR) and waste plastics have been studied separately as bitumen modifiers, but their individual drawbacks prevent full implementation in the field. In this paper, two pelletized composites produced by coupling DVR with waste low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) were investigated. Linear viscoelastic properties, rutting, and fatigue cracking performance were evaluated, and results were compared to those obtained on neat and polymer-modified bitumen with high styrene-butadiene-styrene content (HiPMB). The non-recoverable creep compliance was reduced with the increasing addition of DVR with either LDPE or PP, and the modified bitumen can be classifiable as “E” grade like the common HiPMB. Bitumen modified with DVR-LDPE compounds showed the best fatigue cracking performance overall, and can fully replace the industrial HiPMB. The implications of these results go beyond the sole performance improvement since these compounds can significantly reduce the environmental impact of road construction by using two waste materials simultaneously.

已分别研究了硫化橡胶(DVR)和废塑料作为沥青改性剂,但它们各自的缺点阻碍了在现场的全面实施。本文研究了DVR与废低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和聚丙烯(PP)偶联制备的两种造粒复合材料。评价了线性粘弹性、车辙和疲劳开裂性能,并将结果与高苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯含量的纯沥青和聚合物改性沥青(HiPMB)的结果进行了比较。随着DVR与LDPE或PP的添加量的增加,不可恢复的蠕变顺应性降低,改性沥青可以像普通的HiPMB一样归类为“E”级。DVR-LDPE改性沥青的疲劳开裂性能总体上最好,完全可以取代工业用的HiPMB。这些结果的影响不仅仅是性能的改善,因为这些化合物可以通过同时使用两种废弃材料来显著减少道路建设对环境的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Keeping up with my neighbors: The influence of social norm feedback interventions on recycling behavior in urban multifamily buildings 与邻居保持联系:社会规范反馈干预对城市多户住宅回收行为的影响
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200156
Elizabeth L. Hewitt, Yiyi Wang, Alexandra (Sasha) Eck, David J. Tonjes

Existing research indicates comparative social norm feedback can be influential in nudging recycling in more sustainable directions, but little work has explored this mechanism in urban multifamily buildings. This research builds upon existing work in this area by conducting 12 weeks of interventions in two multifamily buildings in New York City, in which one building (n=372) received weekly comparative feedback comparing their building's recycling to neighbors and another building (n=602) received weekly non-comparative feedback data about their building only. Two main findings emerged: (1) Data indicate increased recycling by bag weight (interpolated for a one-year period from the weights of waste samples) in the intervention period in both buildings, pointing to effectiveness in increasing recycling from social norm feedback, and (2) the comparative feedback mechanism appears to be a stronger driver of behavior change. Takeaways from this work can inform urban policy and property manager decision-making for solid waste management.

现有研究表明,比较社会规范反馈可能会对推动回收朝着更可持续的方向发展产生影响,但很少有工作在城市多户建筑中探索这一机制。这项研究建立在该领域现有工作的基础上,对纽约市的两栋多户建筑进行了为期12周的干预,其中一栋建筑(n=372)每周收到比较反馈,将其建筑的回收情况与邻居进行比较,而另一栋建筑(n=602)每周只收到关于其建筑的非比较反馈数据。出现了两个主要发现:(1)数据表明,在干预期内,两栋建筑的袋重回收率都有所增加(根据废物样本的重量插值一年),这表明社会规范反馈在增加回收率方面是有效的;(2)比较反馈机制似乎是行为改变的更强驱动力。这项工作的成果可以为城市政策和物业管理者的固体废物管理决策提供信息。
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引用次数: 1
Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances 2022 Most Cited Paper Awards 资源,保护与回收推进2022年最被引用论文奖
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200136
Ming Xu (Editor-In-Chief)
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引用次数: 0
Environmental Waste Utilization score to monitor the performance of waste management systems: A novel indicator applied to case studies in Germany 监测废物管理系统绩效的环境废物利用得分:一种应用于德国案例研究的新指标
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200160
Sarah Schmidt, David Laner

Waste management aims to protect human health and the environment by reducing adverse impacts associated with waste generation and treatment. Nevertheless, waste management system performance is typically not monitored based on environmental impacts but based on indicators such as recycling rates. As part of this study, Environmental Waste Utilization (EWU) is introduced as an indicator to monitor the capability of waste management systems to reduce the adverse impacts of waste generation and management. EWU quantifies the share of the environmental value of waste which is preserved through waste management. It is operationalized via a spreadsheet-based calculation tool, the EWU Dashboard. Case studies on plastic packaging waste, PAH-contaminated road debris, and food waste are presented to demonstrate the application range of EWU and its advantages against material efficiency indicators. It is shown that EWU-based monitoring allows for identifying environmentally preferable waste management strategies and enables sound decision support.

废物管理旨在通过减少与废物产生和处理有关的不利影响来保护人类健康和环境。然而,废物管理系统的绩效通常不是根据环境影响监测的,而是根据回收率等指标监测的。作为本研究的一部分,环境废物利用(EWU)被引入作为监测废物管理系统减少废物产生和管理的不利影响的能力的指标。环境废物管理量化了通过废物管理保存的废物的环境价值份额。它通过基于电子表格的计算工具EWU Dashboard进行操作。以塑料包装废弃物、多环芳烃污染的道路垃圾和食物垃圾为例,展示了EWU的应用范围及其相对于材料效率指标的优势。研究表明,基于废物利用联盟的监测可以确定有利于环境的废物管理战略,并提供合理的决策支持。
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引用次数: 4
Natural versus synthetic dyes: Consumers’ understanding of apparel coloration and their willingness to adopt sustainable alternatives 天然与合成染料:消费者对服装着色的理解及其采用可持续替代品的意愿
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200146
Letsiwe Mabuza, Nadine Sonnenberg, Nadene Marx-Pienaar

Sustainable alternatives such as natural dyes are much-needed, but also highly dependent on consumer acceptance and cognizance of the benefits of natural dyes versus those derived from synthetic origin. This study explores and describes consumers’ understanding of environmental repercussions surrounding apparel coloration and their willingness to choose more sustainable alternatives. In adopting a qualitative paradigm, seven focus group discussions generated in-depth insight surrounding consumers’ perspectives on the topic. A purposive non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit females aged between 20 and 55 years because they are generally more involved in apparel consumption decisions. The findings revealed that despite participants’ convictions surrounding the fashion industry's environmental impact, their understanding of apparel coloration and the implications of synthetic dyes were limited. Participants also identified factors that may inhibit their choice of naturally dyed apparel. Information provision and the role of various stakeholders appear key in the pursuit of more sustainable choices.

天然染料等可持续替代品是急需的,但也高度依赖于消费者对天然染料与合成染料的益处的接受和认识。这项研究探讨并描述了消费者对服装颜色对环境影响的理解,以及他们选择更可持续替代品的意愿。通过采用定性范式,七个焦点小组的讨论围绕消费者对该主题的看法产生了深入的见解。采用有目的的非概率抽样技术招募年龄在20至55岁之间的女性,因为她们通常更参与服装消费决策。研究结果显示,尽管参与者对时尚行业的环境影响深信不疑,但他们对服装着色和合成染料的影响的理解有限。参与者还确定了可能阻碍他们选择天然染色服装的因素。信息的提供和各利益攸关方的作用似乎是追求更可持续选择的关键。
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引用次数: 4
Textile waste management in Australia: A review 澳大利亚的纺织品废弃物管理:综述
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200154
Mahbuba Imroz Khan, Lijing Wang, Rajiv Padhye

Textile sector accounts for around 10% of worldwide CO2 emissions. Textile waste is a global problem. It is a significant and quickly expanding issue in Australia, with the lowest recovery rate of all waste kinds. The entire understanding of textile waste management is incomplete. This study aims to analyse textile waste management in Australia from the perspectives of textile consumption and waste generation, the role of social entrepreneurs and charities, recent initiatives by government and other organizations, and textile waste laws and regulations. The findings of this study indicate that (1) Textile consumption and waste data are insufficient to unveil the circular economy potential; (2) Textile waste management processing capacities were lacking; (3) Clear instructions are required to comprehend textile waste laws and regulations; (4) To combat the textile waste issue, consumer awareness of managing textile waste should be raised. Future research should focus on data collection for model development.

纺织行业约占全球二氧化碳排放量的10%。纺织品浪费是一个全球性问题。在澳大利亚,这是一个重要且迅速扩大的问题,澳大利亚是所有废物回收率最低的国家。对纺织品废物管理的整体理解是不完整的。本研究旨在从纺织品消费和废物产生、社会企业家和慈善机构的作用、政府和其他组织最近的举措以及纺织品废物法律法规的角度分析澳大利亚的纺织品废物管理。研究结果表明:(1)纺织消费和废弃物数据不足以揭示循环经济的潜力;(2) 纺织废物管理处理能力不足;(3) 需要明确的说明来理解纺织品废物法律法规;(4) 为了解决纺织品浪费问题,应该提高消费者管理纺织品浪费的意识。未来的研究应侧重于模型开发的数据收集。
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引用次数: 4
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Resources, conservation & recycling advances
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