Resources, conservation & recycling advances最新文献_第6页

Embodied Water in the building life cycle: current research and future directions 建筑生命周期中的体现水：研究现状与未来方向

IF 6.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200283

Namal Gamage, Srinath Perera, Sepani Senaratne, Sameera Pathirana

Water, recognised as a scarce resource, has been considered for sustainable development goals (SDG-6) and acknowledged 2018–2028 as the water action decade. Water is essential for the construction industry, and it consumes around 15–16 % of the global freshwater. While water is directly utilised for construction, for instance, in preparation of mortar, an enormous quantity of water is indirectly consumed through building materials, energy sources, etc. The combination of direct and indirect water components is termed Embodied Water (EW). Minimising EW throughout the building life cycle is imperative to drive towards sustainable development. However, EW has not yet received its due recognition as an essential element in evaluating the sustainability of the building life cycle, with limited research studies addressing its significance. Thus, this paper aims to analyse the contemporary status, barriers, strategies, research trends, and future directions of EW within the building life cycle. The systematic literature review approach was adopted to attain the aim of this paper. The results of this study reveal twenty-two barriers hindering the reduction of EW and twenty-eight strategies to overcome them. Frequent usage of high water-consuming materials, water and material wastage, and difficulties in estimating EW are some of the main barriers identified in this study. Selecting materials with low EW, effective and efficient usage of materials and machinery, and introducing water management-related policies are some of the key strategies derived from this research. Additionally, this paper presents nine research trends and fifteen prospective research avenues identified through existing studies.

水被认为是一种稀缺资源，已被纳入可持续发展目标（可持续发展目标6），并被确认为2018-2028年的水行动十年。水对建筑行业至关重要，它消耗了全球约15 - 16%的淡水。虽然水直接用于建筑，例如制备砂浆，但大量的水通过建筑材料、能源等间接消耗。直接和间接水成分的结合被称为具身水（EW）。在整个建筑生命周期内尽量减少环境污染，是推动可持续发展的必要条件。然而，EW作为评估建筑生命周期可持续性的基本要素尚未得到应有的认可，针对其重要性的研究有限。因此，本文旨在分析建筑生命周期内电子战的现状、障碍、策略、研究趋势和未来方向。为了达到本文的目的，本文采用了系统的文献综述法。本研究的结果揭示了22个阻碍电子商务减少的障碍和28个克服这些障碍的策略。高耗水材料的频繁使用、水和材料的浪费以及难以估计EW是本研究确定的一些主要障碍。选择具有低EW的材料，有效和高效地使用材料和机械，以及引入与水管理相关的政策是本研究得出的一些关键策略。此外，本文还提出了通过现有研究确定的9个研究趋势和15个前瞻性研究途径。

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引用次数: 0

Applying random forest to forecast municipal solid waste generation from household fuel consumption 应用随机森林预测家庭燃料消费产生的城市固体废物

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200264

Luis Izquierdo-Horna , Ramzy Kahhat , Ian Vázquez-Rowe

Accurately forecasting municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is essential for designing efficient waste management systems and promoting sustainable urban development. As cities expand and consumption patterns shift, reliable data-driven approaches are increasingly necessary to address the complexities of MSW generation. This study applied the random forest (RF) algorithm, a machine learning technique, to predict MSW generation at the household level. RF was selected for its capacity to handle non-linear relationships, imbalanced datasets, and outliers. The analysis focused on data from 2019, avoiding distortions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The model integrated per capita MSW data with household fuel consumption indicators (i.e., natural gas, electricity, and liquefied petroleum gas) and demographic variables such as age, education level, and monthly expenditure. The case study focused on the city of Lima, Peru, using 80 % of the data for training and 20 % for testing, with hyperparameters optimized via 5-fold cross-validation. The final model explained 55 % of the variance in MSW generation (R² = 0.55). This result reflects the model’s ability to capture significant drivers of variability, although it leaves room for refinement due to factors not included in the analysis, such as cultural practices or seasonality. Among the predictors, household monthly expenditure on cooking fuels emerged as the most influential variable, reinforcing the connection between resource consumption and waste generation. These findings highlight the potential of integrating socioeconomic indicators into predictive models to enhance their reliability. By improving forecasting capabilities, this study supports targeted policies for urban waste management and sustainable resource use.

准确预测城市固体废物的产生对于设计有效的废物管理系统和促进城市可持续发展至关重要。随着城市的扩张和消费模式的转变，越来越需要可靠的数据驱动方法来解决城市生活垃圾产生的复杂性。本研究应用随机森林（RF）算法（一种机器学习技术）来预测家庭生活垃圾的产生。选择射频是因为其处理非线性关系、不平衡数据集和异常值的能力。该分析侧重于2019年的数据，避免了与COVID-19大流行相关的扭曲。该模型将人均城市生活垃圾数据与家庭燃料消耗指标（即天然气、电力和液化石油气）以及年龄、教育水平和月支出等人口统计变量相结合。该案例研究集中在秘鲁利马市，使用80%的数据用于训练，20%用于测试，并通过5倍交叉验证优化了超参数。最终模型解释了55%的城市生活垃圾产生方差（R²= 0.55）。这一结果反映了模型捕捉可变性的重要驱动因素的能力，尽管由于分析中未包括的因素（如文化习俗或季节性），它留下了改进的空间。在预测指标中，家庭每月烹饪燃料支出成为影响最大的变量，加强了资源消耗与废物产生之间的联系。这些发现突出了将社会经济指标纳入预测模型以提高其可靠性的潜力。通过提高预测能力，本研究支持有针对性的城市废物管理和可持续资源利用政策。

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引用次数: 0

Methodological insights of defining material criticality by assessing different electrolysis and fuel cell stacks 通过评估不同的电解和燃料电池堆来定义材料临界性的方法学见解

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200257

Andrea Schreiber, Petra Zapp, Lavinia Reitz

Shifting economic sectors to a resource-efficient economy with zero net greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 faces major challenges for the European Union, which is highly dependent on material imports. Critical raw materials play a key role in a wide range of emerging technologies. In times of increasing demand, the assessment of critical raw materials is therefore of utmost importance. This study addresses methodological principles of various materials criticality indicators on product-level. Using the example of manufacturing different electrolysis and fuel cell stacks, these criticality indicators are applied, and the results are discussed. The case study demonstrated that alkaline electrolysis has the lowest criticality among the electrolyzers in seven out of nine criticality indicator evaluations. For fuel cells, the heavier stack concept shows lower criticality compared to the light-weight concept. One reason is the higher demand of rare earth elements and cobalt needed for manufacturing compared to heavier stack. Various rare earths are identified as critical in the manufacture of solid oxide electrolysis and fuel cell stacks. Iridium and nickel contribute most to criticality in the construction of proton exchange membrane electrolysis and alkaline electrolysis stacks, respectively. Five of nine indicators point to the same or similar criticality hotspots and can therefore set priorities for action in materials research for hydrogen and fuel cell systems. Nevertheless, when deciding for or against a material, one has to be aware that the criticality indicators use different sensitive sub-indicators which have an impact on the ranking of materials.

对于高度依赖材料进口的欧盟来说，到2050年将经济部门转变为资源节约型经济，实现零温室气体净排放，将面临重大挑战。关键原材料在广泛的新兴技术中发挥着关键作用。在需求不断增长的时代，对关键原材料的评估是至关重要的。本研究在产品层面探讨各种材料临界性指标的方法学原则。以制造不同的电解堆和燃料电池堆为例，对这些临界指标进行了应用，并对结果进行了讨论。案例研究表明，在9项临界指标评价中，碱性电解在7项指标中临界性最低。对于燃料电池来说，较重的电池组概念比轻的电池组概念具有更低的临界性。其中一个原因是与较重的堆栈相比，制造所需的稀土元素和钴的需求更高。各种稀土被认为是制造固体氧化物电解和燃料电池堆的关键。在质子交换膜电解和碱性电解堆的构建中，铱和镍分别是最关键的元素。9个指标中有5个指向相同或相似的临界热点，因此可以确定氢和燃料电池系统材料研究的优先行动。然而，在决定支持或反对一种材料时，必须意识到临界指标使用了不同的敏感子指标，这些子指标会影响材料的排名。

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引用次数: 0

Industrial symbiosis readiness level assessment—A stakeholder co-designed matrix tool for guidance and evaluation 工业共生准备水平评估——利益相关者共同设计的用于指导和评估的矩阵工具

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200270

Lovisa. Harfeldt-Berg , Elin. Wallin , Annika. Löwgren , Per. Sommarin

The Industrial Symbiosis Readiness Level Matrix (ISRLM) tool presented in this paper, was developed to address the challenges inherent in implementing and managing Industrial Symbiosis (IS) networks. IS networks are complex systems involving diverse actors with varying levels of preparedness, perspectives, and priorities, which can result in miscommunication, inefficiencies, and slow implementation and development. To overcome these challenges, the ISRLM tool provides a structured framework for evaluating and visualizing IS readiness, facilitating discussions among actors, creating mutual understanding, and coordinating decision-making. The development of the ISRLM tool followed an iterative process that combined rigorous literature reviews, co-design through stakeholder interviews and workshops, as well as testing and validation within existing IS networks. Drawing on established concepts of readiness level evaluation and incorporating feedback and suggestions of improvement from practitioners and academics, the tool was refined through multiple cycles of testing and evaluation. This co-design approach ensured the tool's relevance and usability across various IS contexts. The ISRLM tool is developed as an interactive Excel-based tool that generates visual outputs based on actors’ evaluation of perceived readiness. It supports IS networks by guiding the implementation process, identifying readiness gaps, and enabling continuous evaluation and improvement. Applicable during both the initiation and development phases of IS collaborations, the tool can enhance trust, help align priorities, as well as guide and accelerate progress toward shared goals.

本文提出的工业共生准备水平矩阵（ISRLM）工具是为了解决实施和管理工业共生（IS）网络所固有的挑战而开发的。信息系统网络是一个复杂的系统，涉及不同的参与者，他们的准备程度、观点和优先级各不相同，这可能导致沟通不畅、效率低下以及实施和发展缓慢。为了克服这些挑战，ISRLM工具提供了一个结构化框架，用于评估和可视化IS准备情况，促进参与者之间的讨论，建立相互理解，并协调决策。ISRLM工具的开发遵循了一个反复的过程，结合了严格的文献综述，通过利益相关者访谈和研讨会进行共同设计，以及在现有IS网络中进行测试和验证。利用准备程度评估的既定概念，并结合来自实践者和学者的反馈和改进建议，该工具通过多个测试和评估周期得到改进。这种协同设计方法确保了该工具在各种IS环境中的相关性和可用性。ISRLM工具是一种基于excel的交互式工具，可根据参与者对感知准备状态的评估生成视觉输出。它通过指导实施过程、确定准备差距以及实现持续评估和改进来支持IS网络。该工具适用于信息系统合作的启动和开发阶段，可以增强信任，帮助调整优先事项，并指导和加速实现共同目标的进程。

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引用次数: 0

Consumer awareness of marine debris issues and their willingness to pay for seafood from debris-free fishing grounds: A pathway for supporting marine debris recovery by fishers 消费者对海洋垃圾问题的认识，以及他们愿意购买来自无垃圾渔场的海产品：支持渔民回收海洋垃圾的途径

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200259

Zhaofei Lin , Takaaki Kato , Aiko Endo

Marine debris impacts marine ecosystems, food safety, and resource sustainability. Involving fishers is a practical solution for recovering marine debris. This study investigated Japanese consumer awareness of the issues surrounding marine debris and their willingness to pay for seafood from debris-free fishing grounds. The survey involved 1000 citizens from western prefectures in Japan near the Genkainada Sea area, where previous research reported a high density of marine debris. Results showed that 61 % of respondents preferred seafood from clean fishing grounds. A discrete choice experiment was conducted, and respondents were on average willing to pay at least 77 JPY more for an Aji (horse mackerel) menu if the seafood was from a debris-free fishing ground, equivalent to 4‒11 % of the typical prices of the menu. The demand for seafood from debris-free fishing grounds was much higher than the initial prediction based on interviews with fishery experts. Realization of this price premium would incentivize more fishers to recover marine debris. Currently, the Japanese retail market does not provide information on the status of marine debris in fishing grounds. If the traceability of the seafood supply chain can be improved, consumer purchasing behavior may change to support marine debris recovery efforts of fishers.

海洋垃圾影响海洋生态系统、食品安全和资源可持续性。让渔民参与是回收海洋垃圾的一个切实可行的解决方案。这项研究调查了日本消费者对海洋垃圾问题的认识，以及他们购买来自无垃圾渔场的海鲜的意愿。这项调查涉及日本西部郡县近根凯纳达海域的1000名居民，此前的研究报告称，那里有高密度的海洋垃圾。结果显示，61%的受访者更喜欢干净渔场的海鲜。我们进行了一项离散选择实验，调查对象平均愿意为来自无垃圾渔场的阿吉（马鲭鱼）菜单多支付至少77日元，相当于菜单正常价格的4 - 11%。对无垃圾渔场海产品的需求远远高于对渔业专家的初步预测。实现这一价格溢价将激励更多的渔民回收海洋垃圾。目前，日本零售市场没有提供有关渔场海洋垃圾状况的信息。如果可以改善海产品供应链的可追溯性，消费者的购买行为可能会改变，以支持渔民的海洋垃圾回收工作。

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引用次数: 0

Utilization of fish sludge and aquaculture effluent water from Norway for nutrient and energy recovery 利用挪威的鱼泥和水产养殖废水进行养分和能量回收

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200256

Hanna Böpple , Gregorio Brussino , Anton Engel , Peter Breuhaus , Nicole Dopffel , Biwen Annie An-Stepec , Dorinde M.M. Kleinegris , Petronella Margaretha Slegers

The Norwegian aquaculture industry is experiencing rapid growth. At the same time the demand for suitable aquaculture waste treatment is rising. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of a waste-treatment process through anaerobic digestion and microalgae cultivation in Norway. This circular economy approach aims to recover nutrients and energy from an average land-based recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) with a production of 5000 tonnes of salmon yearly. In comparison, one of today's common solutions, the shipment of 50 % of the RAS fish sludge to Denmark for biogas production, was assessed as a baseline. A life cycle assessment showed that shipping 100 % of the fish sludge to Denmark for anaerobic digestion is more environmentally sustainable than releasing half of the fish sludge into the environment and only shipping 50 % to Denmark. Anaerobic co-digestion of fish sludge in Norway showed a lower environmental impact potential than the anaerobic digestion with fish sludge as the sole substrate (in Norway). The cultivation of microalgae in northern latitudes is highly energy demanding, which is one of the highest impact contributions of the value chain. National differences in the electricity grid composition (hydropower, other renewable energy, fossil energy) that is used for the respective scenarios in either Norway or Denmark, had a major impact on the assessment. A preliminary economic assessment showed that all scenarios had a decrease in operational costs compared to the baseline scenario due to the recycling of nutrients and produced energy from the RAS waste streams.

挪威水产养殖业正在经历快速增长。与此同时，对水产养殖废弃物适当处理的需求也在上升。本研究旨在评估挪威通过厌氧消化和微藻培养的废物处理过程对环境的影响。这种循环经济方法旨在从一个平均每年生产5000吨鲑鱼的陆基循环水产养殖系统（RAS）中回收养分和能源。相比之下，目前常见的解决方案之一，即将50%的RAS鱼污泥运往丹麦用于生产沼气，作为基线进行了评估。一项生命周期评估表明，将100%的鱼污泥运到丹麦进行厌氧消化，比将一半的鱼污泥排放到环境中，只将50%的鱼污泥运到丹麦更具有环境可持续性。挪威鱼类污泥厌氧共消化的环境影响潜力低于以鱼类污泥为唯一底物的厌氧消化（在挪威）。北纬地区微藻养殖能耗高，是价值链中影响贡献最大的环节之一。挪威或丹麦各自情景所使用的电网组成（水电、其他可再生能源、化石能源）的国家差异对评估产生了重大影响。初步经济评估表明，由于从RAS废物流中回收养分和产生的能量，所有方案的运营成本都比基线方案低。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in recycled plastics: A comparative study of LDPE, HDPE, PET, and PP 再生塑料中有毒多环芳烃（PAH）的评估：LDPE、HDPE、PET和PP的比较研究

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200262

José Carlos Martín , Julia Moltó , Nuria Ortuño , Andrés Fullana , Juan Antonio Conesa

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic, potentially carcinogenic compounds that can be present in recycled plastics, raising concerns about human health and environmental safety. Despite their widespread use, recycled polymers are not routinely monitored for these contaminants. This study analysed 25 recycled plastic samples from recycling companies—including LDPE, HDPE, PET, PP, and polymer mixtures—to assess the presence of PAHs and evaluate an extraction method optimised for LDPE. The method's applicability to other polymer types was also explored, along with potential correlations between PAH levels and factors such as polymer type, origin, and colour. PAHs were extracted by stirring the samples for 24 h at room temperature in a 1:1 acetone/dichloromethane mixture, followed by purification using C18 solid-phase extraction cartridges. Results showed that PET samples had the lowest total PAH concentrations, often below detection limits. In contrast, one black LDPE sample exhibited the highest total PAH content at 2200 ng/g and toxicity value (68 ng TEQ/g). The study reveals significant variability in PAH content depending on polymer characteristics and recycling processes. These findings highlight the limitations of current industrial washing methods in removing persistent organic contaminants and underscore the need for improved control strategies and regular monitoring to ensure the safety of recycled plastics.

多环芳烃（PAHs）是一种有毒的、潜在致癌的化合物，可能存在于回收塑料中，引发了对人类健康和环境安全的担忧。尽管它们被广泛使用，但回收聚合物并没有定期监测这些污染物。本研究分析了来自回收公司的25个回收塑料样品——包括LDPE、HDPE、PET、PP和聚合物混合物——以评估多环芳烃的存在，并评估了一种针对LDPE优化的提取方法。该方法对其他聚合物类型的适用性也进行了探讨，以及多环芳烃水平与聚合物类型、来源和颜色等因素之间的潜在相关性。在丙酮/二氯甲烷1:1的混合物中，室温搅拌24 h提取多环芳烃，然后用C18固相萃取筒纯化。结果表明，PET样品的总多环芳烃浓度最低，通常低于检测限。相比之下，一个黑色LDPE样品显示出最高的总多环芳烃含量为2200 ng/g和毒性值（68 ng TEQ/g）。该研究揭示了多环芳烃含量的显著变化取决于聚合物的特性和回收过程。这些发现突出了当前工业洗涤方法在去除持久性有机污染物方面的局限性，并强调了改进控制策略和定期监测以确保再生塑料安全的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive characterization of solid waste incineration fly ash before and after salt washing: evaluating analytical methods for sustainable waste management 固体垃圾焚烧飞灰盐洗前后的综合表征：评价可持续废物管理的分析方法

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200268

Edzhe Soylu , Stefanie Lode , Camilo M. Silva , Kristina Ryeng Simavik , Kai Erik Ekstrøm , Inge Johansson , Bjørn Eske Sørensen , Przemyslaw B. Kowalczuk , Gabriella Tranell

Despite extensive research on municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA) and air pollution control ash (APCA), comprehensive studies employing multiple characterization techniques remain limited. This study evaluates an extensive suite of analytical methods to characterize MSWI FA and APCA before and after water washing. Washing effectively removed soluble salts (e.g., NaCl, KCl), increasing stable phases like CaCO₃ and silicates, with variations dependent on ash origin and phase solubility. Washing also reduced particle size variability, yielding more uniform distributions. Chemical analyses demonstrated portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) as a reliable, cost-effective alternative to ICP-MS for elements including Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, P, and Zn, though weaker correlations for Pb, Si, and S suggest the need for more precise methods. Automated mineralogy showed sample-specific phase distributions: rotary kiln (RK) ash contained abundant ultrafine, unclassified matrix that increased post-washing, while grate furnace (GF) samples were dominated by lime, gypsum, and Ca-Si-Al phases, with washing reducing Cl-bearing and gypsum phases and slightly increasing reacted silicates. The circular fluidized bed (CFB) sample predominantly contained lime, and Ca-Cl-O and related reacted phases, showing minimal changes after washing. Minor metals such as Zn and Cu appeared heterogeneously distributed, bound within discrete or embedded phases, whereas bulk elements (Al, Ca, Mg, Si, Na) were uniformly integrated into the matrix. The findings emphasize the importance of combining multiple analytical techniques to achieve comprehensive characterization of MSWI ashes, bridging rapid screening with detailed analysis.

尽管对城市生活垃圾焚烧（MSWI）飞灰（FA）和大气污染控制灰（APCA）进行了广泛的研究，但采用多种表征技术的综合研究仍然有限。本研究评估了一套广泛的分析方法，以表征水洗涤前后的MSWI FA和APCA。洗涤有效地去除了可溶性盐（如NaCl、KCl），增加了稳定相，如CaCO₃和硅酸盐，其变化取决于灰源和相溶解度。洗涤也减少了颗粒大小的可变性，产生更均匀的分布。化学分析表明，便携式x射线荧光（PXRF）是一种可靠、经济的ICP-MS方法，可用于检测Al、Ca、Cu、Fe、P和Zn等元素，但对Pb、Si和S的相关性较弱，表明需要更精确的方法。自动化矿物学显示了样品的相分布特征：回转窑（RK）灰中含有大量的超细、未分类的基体，洗后增加，而篦炉（GF）样品以石灰、石膏和Ca-Si-Al相为主，洗后减少了含cl相和石膏相，反应硅酸盐略有增加。循环流化床（CFB）样品主要含有石灰、Ca-Cl-O及相关反应相，洗涤后变化极小。少量金属如Zn和Cu表现出非均匀分布，结合在离散相或嵌入相中，而大块元素（Al, Ca, Mg, Si, Na）则均匀地集成到基体中。研究结果强调了结合多种分析技术来全面表征城市生活垃圾灰的重要性，将快速筛选与详细分析联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Blockchain and NFTs: Revolutionizing critical material recycling from end-of-life lithium-ion batteries 区块链和nft：彻底改变报废锂离子电池的关键材料回收

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200258

Karim Moawad , Ammar Hummieda , Ahmad Musamih , Khaled Salah , Ahmad Mayyas

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become a cornerstone of modern technology, where they serve as the power source for a wide range of applications, including electric vehicles and renewable energy storage systems. However, rapid production growth has introduced challenges regarding end-of-life management, particularly with waste disposal, resource recovery, and environmental sustainability. Inefficient recycling often leads to valuable materials like cobalt, lithium, and nickel being discarded in landfills, which exacerbates resource scarcity and poses environmental and health risks. To address these issues, there is a critical need for more efficient, transparent, and accountable systems for the collection, recovery, and recycling of LIBs. In this paper,A blockchain and Non-Fungible Token (NFT)-based solution is proposed to enable circular recycling and material recovery. This system improves transparency, traceability, and accountability throughout the battery lifecycle. The smart contracts (SCs) source code is made publicly available on GitHub.

锂离子电池（LIBs）已经成为现代技术的基石，它们是包括电动汽车和可再生能源存储系统在内的广泛应用的电源。然而，产量的快速增长也带来了报废管理方面的挑战，特别是在废物处理、资源回收和环境可持续性方面。低效的回收往往导致钴、锂和镍等有价值的材料被丢弃在垃圾填埋场，这加剧了资源短缺，并构成环境和健康风险。为了解决这些问题，迫切需要建立更高效、透明和负责任的lib收集、回收和再循环系统。本文提出了一种基于区块链和不可替代令牌（NFT）的解决方案，以实现循环回收和材料回收。该系统提高了整个电池生命周期的透明度、可追溯性和问责性。智能合约（SCs）源代码在GitHub上公开提供。

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引用次数: 0

Biochar-seeded struvite production from combination of on-farm and industrial wastewater: A review 农业废水与工业废水结合生产生物炭籽鸟粪石的研究进展

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources, conservation & recycling advances

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200273

Moh Moh Thant Zin , Manobendro Sarker , Teng-Teeh Lim

Struvite (MgNH₄PO₄·6H₂O) is a sustainable, slow-release fertilizer with significant potential for nutrient recycling. However, its large-scale production remains economically constrained due to the high costs of primary components, mainly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg). Biochar, on the other hand, is commonly used for soil enrichment and carbon sequestration, which typically lacks sufficient nutrient content to function as a standalone fertilizer. This review explores an integrated approach to struvite production by incorporating biochar and waste-derived resources, specifically, farm waste (rich in N and P) and industrial wastewater (rich in Mg). Surface-modified Mg-biochar functions both as a Mg source and an effective adsorbent, enhancing nutrient adsorption, struvite crystallization, and retention. The review highlights alternative nutrient sources, Mg-biochar preparation methods, nutrient recovery mechanisms on the biochar surface, and the agronomic potential of biochar-struvite composites. This review supports the principles of a circular economy by transforming waste into value-added, slow-release fertilizers. The resulting biochar-struvite composite offers a promising strategy for pollution mitigation, improved crop productivity and sustainable nutrient management.

鸟粪石（MgNH₄PO₄·6H₂O）是一种可持续的缓释肥料，具有显著的养分循环潜力。然而，由于主要成分氮(N)、磷(P)和镁（Mg）的高成本，其大规模生产仍然在经济上受到限制。另一方面，生物炭通常用于土壤富集和固碳，通常缺乏足够的营养成分，无法作为单独的肥料。本综述探讨了利用生物炭和废物来源资源，特别是农业废物（富含氮和磷）和工业废水（富含镁）生产鸟粪石的综合方法。表面改性镁生物炭作为镁源和有效的吸附剂，增强营养物质的吸附、鸟粪石的结晶和保留。本文综述了营养物质的替代来源、镁-生物炭的制备方法、生物炭表面的营养物质回收机制以及生物炭-鸟粪石复合材料的农学潜力。这篇综述通过将废物转化为增值、缓释肥料来支持循环经济的原则。由此产生的生物炭-鸟粪石复合材料为减轻污染、提高作物生产力和可持续的养分管理提供了一种有希望的战略。

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引用次数: 0