alexandria engineering journal最新文献_第9页

Modeling the hydrodynamics of the OWC device placed over an undulated seabed in the presence of ocean current 在洋流作用下，对放置在起伏海床上的 OWC 设备的流体力学进行建模

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.027

Santanu Kumar Dash , Kshma Trivedi , Santanu Koley , Shrabani Mondal

The current investigation emphasizes the mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamics associated with the oscillating water column wave energy converter (OWC-WEC) device situated above undulating bottom of the ocean in the presence of ocean currents. The mathematical problem is investigated within the framework of the two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system by incorporating the classical linear wave-structure theory. The boundary element method is used to address the corresponding boundary value problem. A significant attention is devoted to the analysis of the effectiveness and horizontal wave force exerted on the frontal barrier of the oscillating water column device by considering various values of incident wave and current parameters, as well as structural parameters related to both the oscillating water column device and the undulated seabed. Moreover, the study in the time domain is carried out in order to illustrate the variations in free surface elevations at different time instances by considering the influence of both following and opposing currents. The results demonstrate that the “Doppler Shift” effect of the frequency due to the presence of ocean currents significantly influences the resonating patterns of the efficiency and force curves. As the current velocities increase, the resonating frequencies occur for higher values of incident wavenumbers.

目前的研究重点是在洋流存在的情况下，对位于起伏海底上方的振荡水柱波浪能转换器（OWC-WEC）装置的相关流体力学进行数学建模。数学问题在二维笛卡尔坐标系框架内，结合经典线性波浪-结构理论进行研究。采用边界元法解决相应的边界值问题。通过考虑不同的入射波和水流参数值，以及与振荡水柱装置和起伏海底相关的结构参数，对施加在振荡水柱装置正面屏障上的效力和水平波力进行了分析。此外，考虑到顺流和逆流的影响，还进行了时域研究，以说明自由表面高程在不同时间的变化情况。结果表明，由于洋流的存在，频率的 "多普勒频移 "效应对效率和力曲线的共振模式产生了重大影响。随着洋流速度的增加，共振频率出现在更高的入射波数值上。

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引用次数: 0

Development and application of a risk analysis methodology for road traffic accidents 道路交通事故风险分析方法的开发与应用

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.045

Radfan Abdulrahman, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Husnain Haider, Fawaz Alharbi, Arshad Jamal

Collision, rollover, swerving, and vehicle fire are road traffic accidents (RTAs) caused by driver, vehicle, and environment-related factors, resulting in diverse severity levels, such as property damages, injuries, and fatality. In addition, vagueness in detectability, e.g., close circuit television and driver admittance, culminates RTAs' risk analysis into a multifaceted problem. The present study performed root cause analysis to investigate RTAs, where the fishbone diagram categorized RTAs (e.g., collision and swerving) and identified primary (e.g., driver and environment) and secondary (e.g., overspeeding and tire burst) root causes. For 1158 km of intercity highways in Qassim (Saudi Arabia), fuzzy-failure mode and effect analysis evaluated 171 failure modes using 3500 RTAs' recorded over three years and knowledge of practice and experts. The study highlights collision, driver-related issues, and property damage as the leading category, root cause, and consequence. Comparing the baseline with the first realistic mitigation (speed camera installation) acknowledged a 53 % reduction in risk probability number. Automated driver assistance systems, rumble strips, variable speed limits, and increasing penalties for traffic violations hypothetically dropped 76 % of cumulative risk. The methodology handles limited data and subjective risk factors to help decision-makers minimize RTAs in Saudi Arabia and other jurisdictions.

碰撞、侧翻、转向和车辆起火是由驾驶员、车辆和环境相关因素造成的道路交通事故（RTA），其严重程度各不相同，如财产损失、人员伤亡等。此外，由于闭路电视和驾驶员承认等可探测性的模糊性，导致 RTA 风险分析成为一个多方面的问题。本研究对 RTA 进行了根本原因分析，其中鱼骨图对 RTA 进行了分类（如碰撞和急转弯），并确定了主要（如驾驶员和环境）和次要（如超速和轮胎爆裂）根本原因。在沙特阿拉伯卡西姆的 1158 公里城际高速公路上，模糊故障模式和影响分析利用三年来记录的 3500 次道路交通事故以及实践和专家知识，评估了 171 种故障模式。研究强调碰撞、驾驶员相关问题和财产损失是主要类别、根本原因和后果。将基线与第一个现实的缓解措施（安装测速摄像头）进行比较后发现，风险概率降低了 53%。自动驾驶辅助系统、隆隆声带、可变限速以及加大对交通违规行为的处罚力度等措施可使累积风险降低 76%。该方法可处理有限的数据和主观风险因素，帮助决策者最大限度地减少沙特阿拉伯和其他司法管辖区的道路交通事故。

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引用次数: 0

Existence of a mild solution and approximate controllability for fractional random integro-differential inclusions with non-instantaneous impulses 具有非瞬时脉冲的分数随机积分微分夹杂的温和解的存在性和近似可控性

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.017

Hasanen A. Hammad , Manuel De la Sen

This paper investigates the existence and approximate controllability (ACA) of fractional neutral-type stochastic differential inclusions (NTSDIs) characterized by non-instantaneous impulses within a separable Hilbert space (HS) framework. Employing the Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo (ABC) derivative, we transform the system into an equivalent fixed-point (FP) problem through an integral operator. Subsequently, the Bohnenblust–Karlin FP theorem is leveraged to establish existence results. By assuming ACA of the corresponding linear system, we derive sufficient conditions for the ACA of the nonlinear stochastic impulsive control system. Our analysis relies on concepts from stochastic analysis, fractional calculus, FP theory, semigroup theory, and the theory of multivalued maps (MVMs). The theoretical findings are illustrated through a concrete example.

本文在可分离的希尔伯特空间（HS）框架内研究了以非瞬时脉冲为特征的分数中性型随机微分夹杂（NTSDI）的存在性和近似可控性（ACA）。利用阿坦加纳-巴莱亚努-卡普托（ABC）导数，我们通过积分算子将系统转化为等效定点（FP）问题。随后，我们利用 Bohnenblust-Karlin FP 定理建立了存在性结果。通过假设相应线性系统的 ACA，我们得出了非线性随机脉冲控制系统 ACA 的充分条件。我们的分析依赖于随机分析、分数微积分、FP 理论、半群理论和多值映射（MVM）理论中的概念。我们将通过一个具体实例来说明我们的理论发现。

引用次数: 0

C-BERT: A Mongolian reverse dictionary based on fused lexical semantic clustering and BERT C-BERT：基于融合词义聚类和 BERT 的蒙古语反向词典

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.041

Amuguleng Wang, Yilagui Qi, Dahu Baiyila

A reverse dictionary is an electronic dictionary that accepts user-provided natural language descriptions and returns semantically matching lexicons. Despite substantial research achievements in Mongolian lexicography, discussions on Mongolian reverse dictionaries have not yet emerged. To address this, we propose an innovative model, C-BERT, combining advanced lexical semantic clustering and BERT classification technology. Initially, the

K

-means algorithm was used to cluster preprocessed entries from well-known Mongolian dictionaries into 5000 clusters, forming a comprehensive training set. We then optimized this training set’s data distribution through random negative sampling and fine-tuned the CINO-large model, leading to the creation of the C-BERT model. When users submit descriptions, C-BERT matches them with the central words of 5000 clusters, selecting the top 125 clusters. It then matches target words within these clusters to recommend the top 100 semantically relevant candidates. Compared to the seven baseline models, C-BERT demonstrates superior performance, particularly when evaluated on datasets with human-generated descriptions, where its synonym accuracy@10/100 reaches 16.5% and 71%, respectively. Benefiting from clustering, C-BERT improves inference speed more than tenfold, significantly enhancing its practical utility. Accordingly, we have developed a user-friendly online application platform based on C-BERT for a broad range of users, available at http://mrdp.net/.

反向词典是一种接受用户提供的自然语言描述并返回语义匹配词典的电子词典。尽管蒙古语词典学研究取得了丰硕成果，但有关蒙古语反向词典的讨论尚未出现。为解决这一问题，我们提出了一种创新模型--C-BERT，该模型结合了先进的词义聚类和 BERT 分类技术。首先，我们使用 K-means 算法将知名蒙古语词典中的预处理词条聚类为 5000 个聚类，形成一个综合训练集。然后，我们通过随机负抽样优化了训练集的数据分布，并对 CINO-large 模型进行了微调，最终创建了 C-BERT 模型。当用户提交描述时，C-BERT 会将其与 5000 个聚类的中心词进行匹配，并选出前 125 个聚类。然后，它在这些聚类中匹配目标词，推荐语义相关性最高的 100 个候选词。与七个基线模型相比，C-BERT 表现出了卓越的性能，尤其是在人工生成描述的数据集上进行评估时，其同义词准确率@10/100 分别达到了 16.5% 和 71%。得益于聚类，C-BERT 的推理速度提高了十倍以上，大大增强了其实用性。因此，我们开发了一个基于 C-BERT 的用户友好型在线应用平台，供广大用户使用，网址为 http://mrdp.net/。

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引用次数: 0

Extension of successive midpoint scheme for nonlinear differential equations with global nonlocal operators 扩展有全局非局部算子的非线性微分方程的连续中点方案

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.013

Abdon Atangana , Seda Igret Araz

This research looked at nonlinear ordinary differential equations with global differential operators and the Dirac-delta and exponential decay kernels. A recently developed numerical approach based on the repetitive use of the well-known midpoint quadrature approximation. Although no theoretical analysis was offered, the method was applied to solve several nonlinear equations in chaos and epidemiology. The observed findings demonstrate the effect of the chosen function

g (t)

, for example, a simple SIR model produced chaotic and crossover behaviors.

这项研究探讨了具有全局微分算子的非线性常微分方程以及狄拉克-德尔塔和指数衰减核。最近开发的数值方法基于重复使用著名的中点正交近似。虽然没有提供理论分析，但该方法被应用于解决混沌和流行病学中的几个非线性方程。观察结果表明了所选函数 gt 的影响，例如，一个简单的 SIR 模型产生了混沌和交叉行为。

引用次数: 0

Stability analysis of the tunnel face adjacent to longitudinal stratigraphic interface using the upper bound theorem 利用上界定理对纵向地层界面附近的隧道工作面进行稳定性分析

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.046

Jian Shi , Shilin Zhang , Binghe Zhang , Sen Teng , Mingkai Zhao

The secure condition of the tunnel face perpetually remains as a matter of substantial concern throughout the execution of tunnel-construction endeavors. Especially in composite formations, the presence of longitudinal stratigraphic interfaces makes it an exceptionally complicated issue. An improved segmented three-dimensional collapse mechanism was constructed to account for the effects of lithological mutations on the face instability characteristics of tunnels. Then, the critical support pressure was evaluated in the context of kinematic limit analysis and the nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The validity of the proposed model was confirmed by comparison with numerical simulations and theoretical results from literature. The impact of the distance between the tunnel face and the stratigraphic interface (L), the tunnel diameter (d), and the Hoek-Brown parameters on the support pressure and collapse mode were analyzed further. The results indicate that the face stability is predominantly determined by the geological parameters of the fractured rock mass and exhibits a consistent decrement with the increase of both L and d. A decline in the geological strength index (GSI), material constant (m_i) and uniaxial compressive strength (σ_ci), or an escalation in the disturbance factor (D) of the fractured rock mass results in an increase in the critical support pressure and an expansion of the potential failure range.

在隧道施工的整个过程中，隧道工作面的安全状况始终是一个备受关注的问题。特别是在复合地层中，纵向地层界面的存在使这一问题变得异常复杂。为了考虑岩性突变对隧道工作面失稳特性的影响，我们构建了一种改进的分段式三维坍塌机制。然后，在运动极限分析和非线性霍克-布朗失效准则的背景下对临界支撑压力进行了评估。通过与数值模拟和文献中的理论结果进行比较，证实了所提出模型的有效性。进一步分析了隧道工作面与地层界面之间的距离（L）、隧道直径（d）以及 Hoek-Brown 参数对支护压力和坍塌模式的影响。结果表明，工作面的稳定性主要由断裂岩体的地质参数决定，并随着 L 和 d 的增大而持续降低。断裂岩体的地质强度指数 (GSI)、材料常数 (mi) 和单轴抗压强度 (σci)的降低或扰动系数 (D) 的增大会导致临界支护压力的增加和潜在破坏范围的扩大。

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引用次数: 0

On the solutions of the Lane-Emden model via non-dyadic wavelet scheme to unravel astrophysical phenomena 论通过非缓变小波方案求解 Lane-Emden 模型以揭示天体物理现象

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.064

Jaya Gupta , Ratesh Kumar , Homan Emadifar

The research focuses on exploring the characteristics of the Lane Emden equation, which is a second-order ordinary differential equation that has its roots in astrophysics. To approximate this equation, a technique that employs non-dyadic Haar wavelets in conjunction with quasi-linearization is utilized. By utilizing non-dyadic wavelets, the ordinary differential equation can be simplified into a system of algebraic equations. Error estimates are provided to assess the accuracy of the produced data. A comparison between the existing solutions and the numerical results obtained using the suggested approach is performed to showcase its efficiency and advantages. The non-dyadic Haar wavelet approach is found to be a rich structure for numerous solutions that span a wide range of physical parameter.

研究重点是探索莱恩-埃姆登方程的特点，这是一个二阶常微分方程，起源于天体物理学。为了逼近这个方程，我们采用了一种结合准线性化的非缓和哈尔小波技术。通过使用非缓变小波，常微分方程可以简化为一个代数方程系统。误差估计用于评估生成数据的准确性。对现有解决方案和使用建议方法获得的数值结果进行了比较，以展示其效率和优势。研究发现，非缓和哈小波方法结构丰富，适用于众多物理参数范围广泛的解决方案。

引用次数: 0

Reaction time driven profiling of traffic flow with intelligent vehicles 以反应时间为导向的智能车辆交通流特征分析

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.043

Waheed Imran , Daud Khan , Zawar H. Khan , Katarzyna Markowska , Susilawati Susilawati , Luigi Pariota

This paper addresses the critical need to characterize traffic flow driven by the reaction time of evolving Intelligent Vehicles (IVs). Macroscopic traffic models play a vital role in understanding traffic conditions, however, the IVs behavior is ignored. Thus, a new traffic model for IVs based on safe reaction velocity, reaction time, and braking time is proposed, incorporating the IVs reaction times. The findings demonstrate a trade-off between the reaction time and braking time, significantly explaining traffic dynamics. Specifically, reducing the reaction time improves traffic operations. Results from three distinct traffic scenarios highlighted the significance of reaction time in shaping traffic safety. In the first scenario, smoother traffic flow demonstrates the impact of reaction time on safety. The shorter reaction time showed improved outcomes. In the second scenario, changes in traffic patterns near the ramp highlighted the importance of smaller reaction times in mitigating safety risks. In the third scenario, chaotic traffic conditions emphasized the role of reaction time in ensuring overall safety. The proposed traffic model offers a more realistic characterization of traffic flow. By understanding the relation between reaction time and braking time, this approach contributes to the development of safer and more efficient automated traffic mobility.

本文论述了描述由不断进化的智能车辆（IVs）的反应时间驱动的交通流的关键需求。宏观交通模型在理解交通状况方面起着至关重要的作用，但 IVs 的行为却被忽视了。因此，我们提出了一种基于安全反应速度、反应时间和制动时间的新型智能车交通模型，并将智能车的反应时间纳入其中。研究结果表明，反应时间和制动时间之间存在权衡关系，这极大地解释了交通动态。具体来说，缩短反应时间可以改善交通运行状况。三种不同交通场景的结果凸显了反应时间在影响交通安全方面的重要性。在第一个场景中，更顺畅的交通流证明了反应时间对安全的影响。反应时间越短，结果越好。在第二种情景中，匝道附近交通模式的变化凸显了较短反应时间对降低安全风险的重要性。在第三个场景中，混乱的交通状况强调了反应时间在确保整体安全方面的作用。所提出的交通模型提供了更真实的交通流特征。通过了解反应时间和制动时间之间的关系，这种方法有助于开发更安全、更高效的自动交通系统。

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引用次数: 0

The interchange stations siting model of urban rail transit network 城市轨道交通网络的换乘站选址模型

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.049

Jiaao Guo, Qinghuai Liang, Jiaqi Zhao

The "node anchor weaving method" is commonly used in urban rail transit network planning, which emphasizes identifying the important nodes of the network first, and then using the key nodes as the "anchor nodes" to construct the network. Interchange stations are the most crucial network nodes in terms of both service function and network function. As a result, when planning the network, it is critical to identify the interchanges ahead of time. A key node identification model is initially established in this article, and then a network interchange stations location model is built on top of it. Based on the urban road network, the key node identification model takes into account the location of the road network nodes, the number of neighboring nodes, the influence of the neighboring nodes, and the path information between the nodes, and the key nodes in the network are effectively identified through the improvement of the gravitational model and the neighboring core model, and the model's validity is verified through the SIR contagion model. The online network interchange stations siting model considers the matching degree of residents' traffic demand, the interchange stations coverage to the city, the intensity of land use, and the interchange stations' duplicate coverage to the urban space as evaluation indices for the interchange stations; the objective of solving the interchange stations is the comprehensive optimality of the indexes; in order to avoid the problem of perturbation in the optimization and solution algorithm, this paper presents an improved genetic-simulated annealing optimization algorithm that introduces the concept of community, and avoids the problem of perturbation in the optimization and solution algorithms. The effectiveness of the model is verified by using examples of the Mitte-Center and Friedrichshain networks.

城市轨道交通线网规划中常用的 "节点锚编织法"，强调先确定线网的重要节点，然后以关键节点为 "锚节点 "构建线网。无论从服务功能还是网络功能来看，换乘站都是最关键的网络节点。因此，在规划网络时，提前确定换乘站至关重要。本文首先建立了关键节点识别模型，然后在此基础上建立了网络换乘站定位模型。关键节点识别模型以城市路网为基础，考虑了路网节点的位置、相邻节点的数量、相邻节点的影响力以及节点间的路径信息，通过对引力模型和相邻核心模型的改进，有效识别了路网中的关键节点，并通过 SIR 传染模型验证了模型的有效性。在线网络换乘站选址模型将居民交通需求匹配度、换乘站对城市的覆盖率、土地利用强度、换乘站对城市空间的重复覆盖率作为换乘站的评价指标；换乘站的求解目标是指标的综合最优；为了避免优化求解算法中的扰动问题，本文提出了一种改进的遗传模拟退火优化算法，引入了群落的概念，避免了优化求解算法中的扰动问题。通过使用 Mitte-Center 和 Friedrichshain 网络的实例，验证了该模型的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Flexible substrate based wideband polarization converter with extremely high polarization conversion ratio 基于柔性衬底的宽带偏振转换器，具有极高的偏振转换率

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2024.10.036

Ismail Hossain , Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Norsuzlin Mohd Sahar , Abdulwadoud A. Maash , Haitham Alsaif , Mohamed S. Soliman , Md Samsuzzaman

In this article an anticipated reflection-mode cross-polarization converters (CPCs) are designed on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based flexible substrate operating in the GHz region. The proposed CPC metasurface comprises three layers where a flexible substrate is endwise between the resonating layer and ground layers. The converter can convert linear to circular and circular to cross-polarized waves at the frequency range of 5–8 GHz, as evidenced by the identical amplitude of R_xx and R_yx and a phase difference of 90°. More than 99 % of the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) was performed between the 6.75 and 9.07 GHz frequency range, while more than 80 % of the PCR was performed between the 6.0 and 10.73 GHz frequency range. The highest PCR values show nearly flawless energy conversion from an x-polarized incident wave to a y-polarized reflected wave. The PCR ratio of 80 % is achieved by this ultra-wideband linear-to-cross- and circular-to-cross-polarization converter. The anticipated converter's spectrum for all incidence angles between 0^◦ and 60°. The PCR remained higher than 99 % over a wide incidence angle range to 60° without much performance degradation. The bending stability of the PDMS-based flexible substrate is also investigated up to 60°. The structure is fabricated on a flexible substrate, and the measured performance is compared with simulated results. Radar, antenna, and communications systems, as well as other cross-polarization converters, can utilize the transmitted wave's very high polarization purity result.

本文在基于聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）的柔性衬底上设计了一种预期的反射模式跨偏振转换器（CPC），可在 GHz 区域工作。拟议的 CPC 元表面由三层组成，其中共振层和接地层之间是柔性基底。该转换器可在 5-8 GHz 频率范围内将线性波转换为圆极化波，将圆极化波转换为交叉极化波，Rxx 和 Ryx 的振幅完全相同，相位差为 90°。在 6.75 至 9.07 千兆赫的频率范围内，偏振转换率（PCR）超过 99%，而在 6.0 至 10.73 千兆赫的频率范围内，偏振转换率超过 80%。最高的 PCR 值表明，从 x 偏振入射波到 y 偏振反射波的能量转换几乎完美无瑕。这种超宽带线极化-交叉极化和圆极化-交叉极化转换器的 PCR 比率达到了 80%。预期转换器的光谱适用于 0◦ 和 60° 之间的所有入射角。在入射角度为 60° 的较宽范围内，PCR 保持在 99% 以上，性能没有明显下降。此外，还研究了基于 PDMS 的柔性基底在 60° 以下的弯曲稳定性。该结构是在柔性衬底上制造的，测量性能与模拟结果进行了比较。雷达、天线和通信系统以及其他跨偏振转换器可以利用传输波的极高偏振纯度结果。

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引用次数: 0