Urine (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

Introduction

Laser anatomical endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (LAEEP) is one of the alternative surgical procedures other than TURP for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). However, the consideration for clinical practice needs evidence in terms of efficacy and safety. Our meta-analysis based on the existing studies is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the LAEEP and TURP for BPH treatment.

Materials and methods

Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library up to December 2021. The meta-analysis was performed by the requirements of PRISMA and after methodological quality assessment, the data was proceeded by RevMan V.5.4.

Results

15 studies were identified with total of 733 patients who underwent LAEEP and 698 patients underwent TURP. There was no significant difference in IPSS at 1,3,6 month but at 12 months significantly better in LAEEP (MD ​= ​−0.43 [-0.81, −0.05] P ​= ​0.03). At 6 and 12 months, the PVR data showed significantly lower in LAEEP (MD ​= ​−4.07 [-6.07, −2.07] P ​< ​0.0001). QoL, Qmax, and IIEF-5 scores were no significant difference in both procedures. Duration of catheterization (MD ​= ​−25.01 [-30.47, −19.55] P ​= ​0.00001) and hospital stay (MD ​= ​−30.26 [-40.71, −19.82] P ​= ​0,00001) were significantly shorter in LAEEP. Operative duration was significantly shorter in TURP (MD ​= ​14.69 [8.64, 20.75] P ​= ​0.00001) but prostate specimen weight result was significantly higher in LAEEP procedure (MD ​= ​4.77 [0.36, 9.17] P ​= ​0.03). Hb drop level (MD ​= ​−0.58 [-0.85, −0.30] P ​= ​0.0001), transfusion rate (OR ​= ​0.37 [0.17, 0.84] P ​= ​0.02) and UTI (OR ​= ​0.35 [0.17, 0.71] P ​= ​0.004) were significantly fewer in LAEEP. However, dysuria events less occurred in TURP (OR ​= ​2.45 [1.51, 3.97] P ​= ​0.0003).

Conclusion

Compared with TURP, LAEEP showed better efficacy and safety with fewer hematological changes and complications, except for operative duration, dysuria events were better in TURP. LAEEP showed other advantages in shorter catheterization time and hospital stay.

The degree of urine concentration, which is of relevance to healthcare, is higher in middle-aged males than in females, but whether this difference remains in elderly hospital patients is unknown. Urine sampling was performed in 1316 subjects for analysis of urine-specific gravity, osmolality, creatinine, and color. Patients were recruited from three hospital settings (median age, 78 years), while 27% of the subjects were healthy controls (median age, 43 years). The results show higher significantly biomarker values in males than in females in all settings, but they decreased with age, albuminuria, and acute heart conditions.

Objective

To provide diagnostic evidence and clues for patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) through urine proteomics analysis.

Methods

Urine samples of FUO were one–to–many analysed by using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) to identify differential proteins and related biological pathways. One–to–many analysis means a comparative analysis of one sample to many controls.

Results

We observed biological pathways related to fever, such as LXR/RXR activation, FXR/RXR activation and acute phase response signaling, etc., which indicates that urine can obviously distinguish disease from health status. In addition, we found that the results of each sample were different, which highlight the necessity of one–to–many analysis.

Conclusions

The combined method of urine proteomics and one–to–many analysis can provide clues for FUO, and might also be applied to the exploration of any unknown disease. In addition to providing information on diagnostic markers of diseases, urine may also provide mechanisms of diseases and related therapeutic targets.

We analyzed the amine/phenol-metabolome of urine samples to identify urinary metabolic biomarkers associated with residual feed intake in beef cattle. A group of 56 crossbred growing beef steers (average BW ​= ​261 ​± ​18.5 ​kg) were adapted to a high-forage total mixed ration in a confinement dry lot equipped with GrowSafe intake nodes for period of 49 ​d to determine their residual feed intake classification (RFI). After RFI determination, weekly urine samples were collected three times from beef steers with negative RFI (most efficient (HFE); RFI ​= ​- 1.93 ​kg/d, n ​= ​8) and positive RFI (least efficient (LFE); RFI ​= ​+ 2.01 ​kg/d, n ​= ​8). Urine samples collected were then composited for each steer. Metabolome analysis was conducted using a chemical isotope labeling/liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, specifically for the analysis of metabolites containing amine/phenol-chemical groups, which are metabolites associated with metabolisms of amino acids. A total number of 557 amine/phenol-containing metabolites were detected and identified. Biomarker analysis of the urinary amine/phenol-metabolome identified N-acetyl-l-tyrosine, O-methyl-l-threonine, uridine, and threoninyl-hydroxyproline as candidate biomarkers of RFI (false discovery rate ≤0.05; Area Under the Curve ≥0.85). In conclusion, the results of our study revealed that alteration in urine amine/phenol-metabolome is associated with selection for low or high RFI in beef steers and urine is a potential source of metabolite biomarkers associated with RFI in beef cattle.

This paper by Huang S., et al. has retrospectively described the recent progress in biomarkers based on the A-T-N-X framework, A-T-N respectively represents Amyloid-Tau-Neurodegeneration, X represents biomarkers from central or peripheral related to the whole pathological course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The framework of A-T-N-X is of great significance for understanding the whole spectrum of AD, but we still want to stress the importance of urine biomarkers for the early identification and effective management of AD.

Biomarkers are important for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in routine clinical practice and research. Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) is a member of the “neuronal thread protein” (NTP) family, which is increased in brain-tissue extracts, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine in the early stage of AD neurodegeneration. The level of AD7c-NTP is correlated to the degree of dementia. Compared with blood and CSF biomarkers, urine biomarkers reflect physiological or pathophysiological processes earlier, and urine collection and storage are more convenient. In this review, we discussed the characterization, feasibility and development of urine AD7c-NTP as a biomarker for AD.