Acta radiologica: oncology, radiation, physics, biology最新文献

A retrospective review of 302 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is presented. The tumors were classified according to a modified Lukes and Collins scheme. Clinico-pathologic correlation was analysed for the subtypes. Certain distinct features were found with respect to age, sex, clinical stage and sites of involvement at admission. Prognostically, two major groups were found with significantly differing survival curves. The pathologic and clinical significance of the modified Lukes and Collins classification is discussed.

The accumulation of 99Tcm-gluconate in the myocardium and liver of the rat during anoxia has been investigated on the cellular level and compared with the histopathologic changes. The conclusion is drawn that the uptake of isotope runs a course similar to that registered in vivo in human myocardial infarction.

Long term treatment results for 254 patients with laryngeal carcinoma, primarily treated by irradiation, have been analysed according to a microscopic score, indicating the degree of malignancy. Deaths from carcinoma are significantly correlated to the microscopic score. It is strongly indicated that such correlations also exist for local recurrence/residual tumour and regional lymph node metastases. Therefore it is concluded that the microscopic grading system is a valuable prognostic factor supporting, and additional to, the T.N. classification. Larger series are needed in order to obtain correlations in subgroups, and accordingly primary therapeutic consequences can only be suggested, in doubtful cases.

Seven pregnant patients with genital carcinoma were treated with high voltage irradiation in combination with operation. Five patients aborted spontaneously after a dose of 30 to 34 Gy. Two were operated within 2 weeks after completed irradiation. Angiography, microscopy and hormone analyses indicate that damage of the fetal central nervous system and not placental insufficiency is responsible for the intrauterine fetal death.

Undifferentiated giant and spindle cell carcinoma of the thyroid is a rapidly fatal disease. Most patients die from local tumour progression and with distant metastases. A combination of debulking surgery, irradiation and combination chemotherapy is reported. An improvement of the local results of treatment was observed. A combination of irradiation and chemotherapy resulted in local control in only one of 8 patients. Therefore, debulking surgery was added in the next 5 patients and a local control was achieved in 4.

Three cell kinetic models of tumour response to ionising radiation were compared with regard to their prediction of variation in curability when the dose to the tumour varied between 54 and 66 Gy given in 30 fractions. It was found that a simple model emulated the results of the more complex ones when the parameters of the simple model were properly adjusted. A comparison of the simple model and the CRE formula gave a similar result.

A patient with multiple metastases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to the skin and subcutaneous tissues proved a model where most of the biologic and host-related factors were constant. The effects of varying the physical factors of radiation dose and time were observed. The results indicate that fractionated irradiation at intervals of 48 h was more effective than at intervals of 24 h and that superfractionation (intervals of 5 h) was not an effective method for the treatment of this tumor. The possible reasons for this effect and the implication for the treatment of bladder carcinoma are discussed.

A theory was developed for the perturbation correction to be applied in the calorimetric determination of the ferrous sulphate dosimeter G-value. Recent determinations of the molar extinction coefficient, epsilonm, have shown that systematic errors in epsilon may have influenced experimental G-values. With precision spectrophotometers this error is cancelled in the product epsilonm.G. It was shown that after applying the perturbation correction a very small spread was obtained in calorimetric epsilonm.G-values; the standard error of the mean being 0.2 per cent. The mean G-value is 2.3 per cent lower than that recommended in ICRU Report No. 21.

With a modified Lukes & Collins classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas applied retrospectively to a patient series the biologic and clinical implications of some microscopic features were analysed. It was found that, based on this classification, proliferation, dissemination and differentiation could be explained in a comprehensible way.

The uptake and elimination of 14C leucine were analysed in controls and in rats irradiated 2 h before injection with 8 Gy whole-body irradiation. Plasma, small intestine, kidney and skin were assayed after homogenization for TCA soluble activity curves. In highly differentiated tissues with poor proliferative activity and low protein turnover, the uptake and elimination of the tracer did not appear to be affected by irradiation. In the small intestine differences between control and irradiated animals seemed significant.