African journal of reproductive health最新文献

This study aims to explore the association between a sedentary lifestyle and marital dissolution. The research sample was drawn from 7,940 individuals aged 20 and above who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2018. In this study, a logistic regression model was employed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of the relationship between sedentary behavior and marital dissolution. After adjusting for all covariates, sedentary behavior of 600 minutes or more was significantly associated with marital dissolution, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.191 (95% CI: 1.026-1.381, P<0.05); sedentary behavior in men was not statistically significant (P>0.05); after adjusting for all covariates, sedentary behavior of 600 minutes or more in women was significantly associated with marital dissolution, OR=1.300 (95% CI: 1.067-1.583, P<0.01). The research findings suggest that prolonged sedentary behavior may be a potential risk factor for marital dissolution.

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adolecsent girls and young women (AGYW) encounter numerous obstacles related to sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), one of which is the unfulfilled need for contemporary contraception. Unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and high fertility rates are still common among this population group despite global efforts to increase access to family planning, which has a negative impact on the health of both mothers and children. Utilizing data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) carried out in 26 countries throughout the region, this study analysed a weighted sample of 85,648 AGYWs aged 15-24 to investigate the determinants of unmet need for contraceptives among in SSA. The study utilized binary logistic regression to investigate determinants of unmet need. The pooled prevalence of unmet need for modern contraception was 27.0%. The results show that unmet need for contraception was significantly associated with several determinants. Being highly educated (AOR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.46-1.97, p<0.001), residing in one place for 15-19 years (AOR=1.59, 1.37-1.77, p<0.001) were associated with higher odds of unmet need for contraceptives. However, being aged 15-19 (AOR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.85-0.93, p<0.001), history of pregnancy termination (AOR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.68-0.80, p<0.001), using calendar-based contraceptives (AOR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.15-0.17, p<0.001) living in rural (AOR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.76-0.85, p<0.001) were associate will lower odds of unmet need for contraceptives. In conclusion, this study provides critical insights into the determinants of unmet contraceptive needs among AGYW in SSA, highlighting the influence of education, residential stability, age, reproductive history, contraceptive method choice, and geographic location.

Women can experience varying degrees of pain associated with menstruation during each cycle. They use both non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods to reduce menstrual pain. One of the non-pharmacological methods for reducing pain is the acupuncture-based Su Jok therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of Su Jok application in reducing menstrual pain The study was conducted as a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with nursing students. In the study, pain levels in both groups decreased significantly after the intervention. There was no significant difference between the groups' mean pain scores.. When the change from the first to the last measurements was examined, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, although the reduction in the experimental group was greater than in the control group. As a result of the study, both correct point and sham-point applications reduced pain.

This study analysed the relationship between rural sanitation and survival rates of children less than five years in China. The data from the World Bank for the period 2000 to 2020 were obtained via the World Development Indicators (WDI). The central theme was to determine the correlation between access to basic rural sanitation and two essential child survival indicators: stunting heights and under-five mortality. The study used graphical trend analysis and statistical correlation to determine trends and correlations across time. Findings showed a high negative correlation between under-five mortality, and rural sanitation and between stunting and rural sanitation. The results indicate that with improved access to sanitation, there is reduced stunted growth and mortality among the children. Reduction in stunting growth was attributed to limited exposure to sanitation-related diseases such as diarrhoea, the common culprits of malnutrition and mortality among under five children. We conclude that increased access to rural sanitation is associated with increased child survival and should receive priority in health and development policy. Integration of sanitation efforts into maternal and child health programs and further investments in rural sanitation infrastructure can also improve health outcomes and support the attainment of global development targets.

Intravenous access is a critical component of clinical care for neonates. Given neonates' underdeveloped vascular systems, fragile skin barrier, and immature immune responses, they experience substantially higher rates of catheter-related complications (including infections and bleeding) compared to adult populations. This research introduces an innovative Full-Cycle Indwelling Needle Management (FCINM), establishing a tripartite framework of "Evaluation-Implementation-Surveillance". By combining advanced dressing techniques and proactive maintenance protocols, this approach significantly enhances first-attempt success rates (92.0% vs. 74.0%, p=0.017) while reducing catheterization time. Post-implementation results showed reductions in complication rates, along with improvements in care adherence. Compared with the standard care group, the observation group showed no significant difference in puncture site infection rates, the observation group demonstrated significantly lower infection rates through antimicrobial-impregnated dressings and proactive maintenance approaches. In conclusion, FCINM enhances the accuracy and safety of neonatal intravenous therapy by integrating technological advancements and procedural refinements.

The study employed a comprehensive graphical presentation and statistical analysis using data from 2017 to 2023 to assess how different dimensions of foreign aid impact the HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in South Africa. The finding suggests that as the proportion of foreign aid increases, HIV/AIDs prevalence tends to decrease. Consequently, result of funding for treatment has correlation (r = -0.657). This moderate negative association reinforces the traditional belief that investments in direct treatment are effective in reducing disease prevalence. The relationship between funding allocated to education reveals a notable positive correlation (r = 0.33) with HIV prevalence. Against this backdrop, the policymakers in South Africa should prioritize allocating resources to quality programs that have robust passthrough effects on HIV/AIDs reduction in the country. Also, given the current termination of about 40 USAID funded projects in South Africa, if the policymakers in South Africa desire to prevent further escalation of HIV prevalence in the country, they should explore substantive internal sources of fundings.

This prospective cross-sectional comparative study aimed to elucidate the effects of insulin resistance and the role of osteocalcin protein in male infertility. A cohort of 171 infertile men aged 25-55 was examined at an assisted reproduction clinic. Hormone profiles, glucose/insulin levels, osteocalcin concentrations, lipid profiles, and semen parameters were assessed. Using the HOMA index, patients were classified as insulin-resistant (n=87) or insulin-sensitive (n=84). Insulin-resistant patients had significantly lower total testosterone (p<0.001), free androgen index (p<0.001), and carboxylated osteocalcin levels (p=0.039) compared to insulin-sensitive patients. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between HOMA-IR and both total testosterone levels (p=0.022) and sperm motility (p=0.037). No association was found between HOMA-IR and osteocalcin levels (p=0.417). These findings suggest that insulin resistance negatively impacts male reproductive function, particularly testosterone levels and sperm motility. Larger studies are needed to confirm the role of osteocalcin in male infertility and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Antiretroviral treatment (ART) plays a significant role in the wellbeing of individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Adherence to ART is vital for patients since it helps to prevent the virus from multiplying and spreading through the body. This study explored challenges that hinder patients' adherence to ART at a mobile clinic of KwaZulu-Natal municipality, South Africa. A qualitative research approach was utilised, using an exploratory and descriptive design. Purposive sampling was used to select five participants aged 18 years and older, receiving treatment at a mobile clinic. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from patients who defaulted ART treatment and analysed thematically. The findings revealed barriers to adherence as socioeconomic factors, stigma, and discrimination. Addressing ART non-adherence requires a multifaceted approach involving healthcare providers, policymakers, and community support structures. Recommendations include improving patient education on treatment adherence, ensuring consistent availability of medication at mobile clinics, and implementing patient-centered care strategies to enhance healthcare provider-patient relationships. Strengthening support systems within families and communities can also play a critical role in reducing stigma and encouraging adherence. Future research should explore adherence challenges in diverse settings, including urban areas, to develop broader interventions.

This study aimed to investigate the level of inpatient health care satisfaction and healthy life education consciousness of parents.The study employed a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study design. This study consisted of 211 parents whose children were monitored as inpatients in the pediatric clinic of the State Hospital. The data were collected with the Parent and Child Descriptive Information Form, PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Scale (PHSS), and Healthy Life Education Conscious Level Scale in Parents (HLECLSP). The average HLECLSP score of the parents in the study was 125.65±19.65, and the PHSS average score was 69.80±20.25, which was at a moderate level. It was determined that the mean scores of PHSS varied according to the status of the following current developments related to the health and hospitalization process, and these differences were statistically significant. It was determined that the mean scores of HLECLSP differed according to family type, education level, working status, parents' job, and parents' status of following current developments, and these differences were statistically significant. Parents' satisfaction with health care was determined to increase in parallel with their perception of healthy life education consciousness. It is especially recommended that health care environments be improved in terms of parents' emotional support needs, and updated healthy life awareness training programs for parents be included.

Family planning is essential for fertility management in Indonesia, where population increase is still a multifaceted problem. Using data from 2017 Indonesian Health Survey (IDHS), this study examines the perceptions that influence couples to choose sterilization contraception due to its low adoption rate and female domination. The design was cross-sectional with a sample of 8,344 couples of reproductive age. Analysis was conducted univariate, bivariate, and multivariate the using logistic regression. The results showed that only 3.8% of PUS used sterilization, with a significant gender disparity (female: 4.5%; male: 0.1%). The perception was found to be significantly associated (OR Model 3 = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.555-2.956). This study demonstrates how male participation in sterilization is hampered by social norms and traditional gender roles, including the belief that contraception is a woman's responsibility. Sterilization adoption rates could be balanced and increased male participation in family planning encouraged by promoting gender equality through education and focused campaigns.