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Contributions to primatology最新文献

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Kin selection in the Japanese monkey. 日本猴子的亲缘选择。
Pub Date : 1977-07-12 DOI: 10.2307/2800255
J. A. Kurland
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引用次数: 291
Craniofacial morphology of Pan paniscus. A morphometric and evolutionary appraisal. 泛鱼的颅面形态。形态计量学和进化评价。
Pub Date : 1977-01-01
D L Cramer
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引用次数: 0
Kin selection in the Japanese monkey. 日本猴子的亲缘选择。
Pub Date : 1977-01-01
J A Kurland
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of species-specific molar adaptations in Strepsirhine primates. 链霉素灵长类物种特异性磨牙适应性分析。
Pub Date : 1977-01-01
D Seligsohn
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引用次数: 0
Primate postcranial remains from the oligocene of Egypt. 在埃及渐新世发现的灵长类动物颅骨残骸。
Pub Date : 1976-01-01
G C Conroy
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引用次数: 0
A study of roles in the Arashiyama West troop of Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). 日本猕猴(Macaca fuscata)在岚山西猴群中的角色研究。
Pub Date : 1976-01-01
L M Fedigan
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引用次数: 0
Evolutionary models, phylogenetic reconstruction, and another look at hominid phylogeny. 进化模型,系统发育重建,以及对原始人系统发育的另一种看法。
Pub Date : 1975-01-01
N Eldredge, I Tattersal
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引用次数: 0
Significance of tooth sharpness for mammalian, especially primate, evolution. 牙齿锋利对哺乳动物,尤其是灵长类动物进化的意义。
Pub Date : 1975-01-01
R G Every
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引用次数: 0
Allometry in primates, with emphasis on scaling and the evolution of the brain. 灵长类动物的异速测量,重点是缩放和大脑的进化。
Pub Date : 1975-01-01
S J Gould

Allometry should be defined broadly as the study of size and its consequences, not narrowly as the application of power functions to the data of growth. Variation in size may be ontogenetic, static or phyletic. Errors of omission and treatment have plagued the study of allometry in primates. Standard texts often treat brain size as an independent measure, ignoring its allometric relation with body size - on this basis, gracile australopithecines have been accorded the mental status of gorillas. Intrinsic allometries of the brain/body are likewise neglected: many authors cite cerebral folding as evidence of man's mental superiority, but folding is a mechanical correlate of brain size itself. Confusion among types of scaling heads errors of treatment in both historical primacy [Dubois' ontogenetic inferences from interspecific curves] and current frequency. The predicted parameters of brain-body plots differ greatly for ontogenetic, intrapopulational, interspecific and phyletic allometries. I then discuss basic trends in bivariate allometry at the ordinal level for internal organ weights, skeletal dimensions, lifespan and fetal weight. In considering the causes of basic bivariate allometries, I examine the reason for differences among types of scaling in brain-body relationships. The interspecific exponent of 0.66 strongly suggests a relationship to body surfaces, but we have no satisfactory explanation for why this should be so. The tripartite ontogenetic plot is a consequence of patterns in neuronal differentiation. We do not know why intraspecific exponents fall between 0.2 and 0.4; several partial explanations have been offered. Multivariate techniques have transcended the pictorial representation of transformed coordinates and offer new, powerful approaches to total allometric patterns. Allometry is most often used as a 'criterion for subtraction'. In order to assess the nature and purpose of an adaptation, we must be able to identify and isolate the aspect of its form that depends both upon its size and the size of the body within which it resides. Cranial indices and limb lengths are misinterpreted when authors apply no correction for body size. The search for a criterion of subtraction has been most diligently pursued in studies of the brain. Clearly, brain size must be assessed by comparison with a 'standard' animal of the same body size. But how shall size be measured, especially in fossils; and how shall a standard animal be construed. I discuss and criticize three methods recently used: RADINSKY'S foramen magnum criterion; Jerison's minimum convex polygons and cephalization quotients; and the indices of progression in comparison with 'basal' insectivores' of BAUCHOT, Stephan and their colleagues.

异速生长应广义地定义为对大小及其后果的研究,而不是狭义地定义为对生长数据应用幂函数。大小的变化可能是个体发生的、静态的或种系的。遗漏和处理的错误一直困扰着灵长类异速生长的研究。标准文本经常把脑大小作为一种独立的测量,忽略了它与身体大小的异速生长关系——在此基础上,纤细的南方古猿被赋予了大猩猩的精神地位。大脑/身体的内在异速同样被忽视:许多作者引用大脑折叠作为人类智力优势的证据,但折叠本身是大脑大小的机械相关。在不同类型的标度头之间的混淆,在历史首要性(Dubois从种间曲线的个体发生推断)和当前频率上的治疗错误。个体异速发育、种群内异速发育、种间异速发育和种系异速发育的脑-体图预测参数差异很大。然后,我讨论了在内部器官重量、骨骼尺寸、寿命和胎儿体重的顺序水平上二元异速生长的基本趋势。在考虑基本二元异速变异的原因时,我研究了脑-体关系中不同类型的标度差异的原因。种间指数0.66强烈表明与身体表面的关系,但我们没有令人满意的解释为什么会这样。三方个体发生图是神经元分化模式的结果。我们不知道为什么种内指数在0.2和0.4之间;人们提出了几种不完全的解释。多元技术已经超越了变换坐标的图形表示,并为全异速模式提供了新的、强大的方法。异速生长最常被用作“减法的标准”。为了评估一种适应的性质和目的,我们必须能够识别和分离它的形式的方面,这取决于它的大小和它所居住的身体的大小。当作者没有对身体尺寸进行校正时,颅指数和肢体长度会被误解。在对大脑的研究中,人们一直孜孜不倦地寻找减法的标准。显然,大脑的大小必须通过与相同体型的“标准”动物进行比较来评估。但是尺寸该如何测量呢,尤其是在化石中;标准动物该如何解释?本文讨论并批判了最近使用的三种方法:RADINSKY的枕骨大孔判据;Jerison最小凸多边形与头化商以及与BAUCHOT, Stephan和他们的同事的“基础”食虫动物相比的进展指数。
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引用次数: 0
Phylogenetic relationships of Plesiadapis - postcranial evidence. 适应蛇的系统发育关系-颅后证据。
Pub Date : 1975-01-01
F S Szalay, I Tattersall, R L Decker
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Contributions to primatology
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