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International advances in surgical oncology最新文献

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Adjuvant immunotherapy. 辅助免疫治疗。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
J E Goodnight, D L Morton

Because systemic spread occurs early in the growth of many malignancies, control of occult micrometastases must be an integral part of cancer treatment. For this reason, surgery and radiation therapy alone may fail to achieve a cure despite eradication of the primary tumor. Chemotherapy is potent and systemic in its effects but kills tumor cells by first-order kinetics so the last cancer cell may not be eliminated. An agent is needed that can selectively attack and destroy small numbers of tumor cells on a systemic basis without a significant increase in toxicity. Experimental observations indicate that immunotherapy could fill this role. Immunotherapy has been tested as an adjuvant to surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, and is clearly beneficial for selected cancer patients. There are many unresolved questions regarding the underlying mechanisms as well as the practical application of adjuvant immunotherapy, but the initial investigations indicate that it could play a vital part in the treatment of cancer. There is evidence that stimulation of host resistance can result in control of systemic micrometastases.

由于许多恶性肿瘤在生长早期发生全身扩散，因此控制隐匿性微转移必须成为癌症治疗的一个组成部分。由于这个原因，手术和放射治疗单独可能无法实现治愈，尽管根除原发肿瘤。化疗是有效的和全身性的，但通过一级动力学杀死肿瘤细胞，所以最后一个癌细胞可能不会被消灭。需要一种能够选择性地攻击和摧毁少量肿瘤细胞而不显著增加毒性的药物。实验观察表明，免疫疗法可以填补这一作用。免疫疗法作为手术、放射治疗和化疗的辅助疗法已经被测试过，并且对特定的癌症患者显然是有益的。关于辅助免疫治疗的潜在机制和实际应用还有许多未解决的问题，但初步研究表明，它可能在癌症的治疗中发挥重要作用。有证据表明，刺激宿主耐药可以控制全身微转移。
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引用次数: 0
Studies of lymphocyte adenosine deaminase activity in patients with renal and transitional cell carcinoma. 肾和移行细胞癌患者淋巴细胞腺苷脱氨酶活性的研究。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
G Sufrin, G L Tritsch, A Mittelman, G P Murphy

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a critical enzyme in purine metabolism and lymphocyte ADA activity is specifically related to immunocompetence in man. Since immunologic factors are relevant in patients with renal and transitional cell carcinoma, we studied lymphocyte ADA activity in these patients. In renal adenocarcinoma patients lymphocyte ADA activity was reduced. Such reductions were most marked in low-as compared to high-stage lesions. Nephrectomy resulted in a rise and disease progression in a decline in ADA activity. In contrast, bladder, carcinoma patients showed elevated lymphocyte ADA activity most marked in high-stage lesions. Disease progression was associated with a rise and tumor resection with a decline in lymphocyte ADA activity. Discordance in patterns of lymphocyte ADA activity when patients with renal and transitional cell carcinoma are compared suggests unique host-tumor interactions at the enzyme level. Studies of ADA may offer insight into molecular aspects of immune mechanisms.

腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)是嘌呤代谢的关键酶，其活性与人体免疫能力密切相关。由于免疫因素与肾癌和移行细胞癌相关，我们研究了这些患者的淋巴细胞ADA活性。肾腺癌患者淋巴细胞ADA活性降低。与高分期病变相比，这种减少在低分期病变中最为明显。肾切除术导致ADA活性的上升和疾病进展。相比之下，膀胱癌患者的淋巴细胞ADA活性升高在高分期病变中最为明显。疾病进展与淋巴细胞ADA活性升高有关，肿瘤切除与淋巴细胞ADA活性下降有关。比较肾癌和移行细胞癌患者淋巴细胞ADA活性模式的不一致提示在酶水平上独特的宿主-肿瘤相互作用。对ADA的研究可能有助于深入了解免疫机制的分子方面。
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引用次数: 0
CO2 laser in surgical oncology. CO2激光在外科肿瘤学中的应用。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
B L Aronoff
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of malignant phenotypes in familial polyposis. 家族性息肉病的恶性表型特征。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
S A Wells, A H Johnson, R O Gregory

Numerous clinical syndromes associated with multiple polypoid lesions of the gastrointestinal tract have been described. These syndromes generally have two striking characteristics: 1) Most of them are familial with the disease being inherited as a mendelian autosomal dominant trait, and 2) most of the affected patients have moderate to marked propensity to develop gastrointestinal carcinoma, usually of the large bowel. Whereas previously many of these syndromes were thought to be well-defined entities, it now appears that there is overlap between certain of them such that they appear more similar than different. The clinical and pathologic characteristics of the various gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes and the methods of diagnosis and treatment are reviewed in this manuscript.

许多临床综合征相关的多发性息肉病变的胃肠道已被描述。这些综合征通常有两个显著的特征:1)大多数是家族性的，疾病作为孟德尔常染色体显性遗传;2)大多数受影响的患者有中度到显著的倾向发展为胃肠道癌，通常是大肠。虽然以前许多这些综合症被认为是定义明确的实体，但现在看来，其中某些综合症之间存在重叠，因此它们看起来更相似而不是不同。本文综述了各种胃肠道息肉病综合征的临床和病理特点以及诊断和治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
New trends in the treatment of malignant melanoma. 恶性黑色素瘤治疗的新趋势。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
U Veronesi, E Bajetta, N Cascinelli, C Clemente, F Rilke
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引用次数: 0
Recidivism of early gastric cancer. 早期胃癌的再犯。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
N Sakakibara, K Ogawa, T Hashimoto, K Nakayama
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引用次数: 0
The laser in skin cancer. 激光治疗皮肤癌。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
L Goldman
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring of colon cancer through measurement of carcinoembroyonic antigen levels, tests of cellular immune competence, and tumor specific immunity. 通过测量癌胚抗原水平、细胞免疫能力测试和肿瘤特异性免疫来监测结肠癌。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
E D Holyoke, M H Goldrosen
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引用次数: 0
Laser application in gynecologic oncology. 激光在妇科肿瘤中的应用。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
H F Schellhas
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引用次数: 0
Surgical management of malignant tumors of the aerodigestive tract with carbon dioxide laser microsurgery. 二氧化碳激光显微手术治疗气消化道恶性肿瘤。
International advances in surgical oncology
Pub Date : 1978-01-01
G J Jako, C W Vaughan, M S Strong, T G Polanyi
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引用次数: 0
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