{"title":"A NICE winter conference.","authors":"B Hurwitz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"389-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/91/jrcollphyslond146953-0069.PMC9665463.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21837904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Withdrawing and withholding life-prolonging medical treatment.","authors":"I Jessiman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/75/jrcollphyslond146953-0083a.PMC9665478.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21837251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical management of the painful diabetic neuropathies.","authors":"A J Boulton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"340-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/99/jrcollphyslond146953-0020.PMC9665471.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The map of dying.","authors":"P Watkins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/20/56/jrcollphyslond146953-0005a.PMC9665459.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proteinuria in diabetes.","authors":"S Thomas, G C Viberti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"336-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/98/jrcollphyslond146953-0016.PMC9665481.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Specialist palliative care is now widely available and there are many good textbooks of palliative medicine. But some patients still suffer pain needlessly. Clinicians may not know how to use analgesia appropriately or may be anxious about giving an adequate dose of strong opioids such as morphine. This brief outline is intended to make the principles of pain control readily available to all clinicians who look after terminally ill patients. It applies to patients with non-malignant disease as well as to those with advanced cancer.
{"title":"Principles of pain control in palliative care for adults. Guidance prepared by a Working Group of the Ethical Issues in Medicine Committee of the Royal College of Physicians.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specialist palliative care is now widely available and there are many good textbooks of palliative medicine. But some patients still suffer pain needlessly. Clinicians may not know how to use analgesia appropriately or may be anxious about giving an adequate dose of strong opioids such as morphine. This brief outline is intended to make the principles of pain control readily available to all clinicians who look after terminally ill patients. It applies to patients with non-malignant disease as well as to those with advanced cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"350-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/bf/jrcollphyslond146953-0030.PMC9665462.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing overlap between the disciplines of medical microbiology and infectious diseases prompted the Joint Royal Colleges Committee on Infection and Tropical Medicine to set up a working party to examine how trainees could obtain certification in both subjects. Following widespread consultations, a scheme was developed that entails six years of training and leads to the award of CCSTs in both microbiology and infectious diseases. Both Royal Colleges and the Specialist Training Authority have approved the scheme. Joint training will be demanding and will not be suitable for everyone; it represents an alternative approach to training in the infection disciplines that will run alongside the existing monospecialty training programmes.
{"title":"A new joint training programme in infectious diseases and medical microbiology.","authors":"J Cohen, C Roberts","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing overlap between the disciplines of medical microbiology and infectious diseases prompted the Joint Royal Colleges Committee on Infection and Tropical Medicine to set up a working party to examine how trainees could obtain certification in both subjects. Following widespread consultations, a scheme was developed that entails six years of training and leads to the award of CCSTs in both microbiology and infectious diseases. Both Royal Colleges and the Specialist Training Authority have approved the scheme. Joint training will be demanding and will not be suitable for everyone; it represents an alternative approach to training in the infection disciplines that will run alongside the existing monospecialty training programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"363-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/20/59/jrcollphyslond146953-0043.PMC9665474.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21837899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The control of pain in palliative care.","authors":"J Saunders","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"326-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/18/jrcollphyslond146953-0006.PMC9665490.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently seven viruses, A, B, C, D, E, G and transfusion transmitted virus (TTV), are recognised in the hepatitis virus alphabet. Hepatitis G virus and TTV probably do not cause liver disease in humans. Hepatitis A and E usually cause a self-limiting hepatitis followed by complete recovery but occasionally cause fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatitis B and C are major public health problems worldwide due to their sequelae of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Chronic hepatitis C is a particular health issue for Western Europe already, accounting for 40% of end-stage cirrhosis and 30% of liver transplants. The contribution of hepatitis C to chronic liver disease is predicted to rise in the future. Vaccines can prevent hepatitis A and B. Interferon alpha is effective treatment in 25-30% of patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. The prospects for treating chronic hepatitis B have been improved by the introduction of reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Lamivudine is the first drug of this class to be licensed. The optimal use of these new drugs is currently being studied. The success rate for treating chronic hepatitis C can be raised to about 40% with combination therapy of interferon alpha and ribavirin. A large research effort to discover new antiviral agents against hepatitis C is already giving the prospect of more effective therapies in the next few years.
{"title":"Virus hepatitis update.","authors":"J A Summerfield","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently seven viruses, A, B, C, D, E, G and transfusion transmitted virus (TTV), are recognised in the hepatitis virus alphabet. Hepatitis G virus and TTV probably do not cause liver disease in humans. Hepatitis A and E usually cause a self-limiting hepatitis followed by complete recovery but occasionally cause fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatitis B and C are major public health problems worldwide due to their sequelae of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Chronic hepatitis C is a particular health issue for Western Europe already, accounting for 40% of end-stage cirrhosis and 30% of liver transplants. The contribution of hepatitis C to chronic liver disease is predicted to rise in the future. Vaccines can prevent hepatitis A and B. Interferon alpha is effective treatment in 25-30% of patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. The prospects for treating chronic hepatitis B have been improved by the introduction of reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Lamivudine is the first drug of this class to be licensed. The optimal use of these new drugs is currently being studied. The success rate for treating chronic hepatitis C can be raised to about 40% with combination therapy of interferon alpha and ribavirin. A large research effort to discover new antiviral agents against hepatitis C is already giving the prospect of more effective therapies in the next few years.</p>","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"381-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/05/jrcollphyslond146953-0061.PMC9665464.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21837901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Academy of Medical Sciences.","authors":"P Lachmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London","volume":"34 4","pages":"330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/9e/jrcollphyslond146953-0010.PMC9665488.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21838037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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