The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that hand hygiene (HH) is key in preventing health care-associated infections. Patients and families are understudied targets for infection prevention and control practices. Previous campaigns to change HH behavior have been effective, but often face systemic challenges with implementation.
Methods
The “Hand Hygiene Heroes” educational campaign was developed to improve patient and family HH at 2 tertiary care pediatric and obstetrics hospitals. Its multiple phases included visual materials, tailored activities for 9 hospital units, and long-term evaluation during a 2-year period. HH rates among patients/families and health care workers were measured at baseline and throughout the campaign via direct observation.
Results
Overall, HH significantly increased for both patients/families (OR 1.82, P .041) and health care workers (OR 2.15, P < .001) after campaign initiation. However, individual units had varying degrees of sustainment on follow-up evaluations.
Discussion
Duration of intervention, activity simplicity, active participation, and resource availability may affect success of campaign initiatives. Positive prognostic factors included mixed leadership support from administration and frontline workers, predetermined sustainability plans, and tailored activities by target audience.
Conclusions
Implementation of hospital educational campaigns can be resource-intensive but can positively impact patient and family HH.
{"title":"Becoming hand hygiene heroes: Implementation of an infection prevention and control campaign for patient and family hospital safety","authors":"Brooke Cheng MD , Mavis Chan BSc , Danielle Abi-Farrage BSc , Melissa Braschel MSc , Pamela Harrison BA, MLIS , Jocelyn A. Srigley MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that hand hygiene (HH) is key in preventing health care-associated infections. Patients and families are understudied targets for infection prevention and control practices. Previous campaigns to change HH behavior have been effective, but often face systemic challenges with implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The “Hand Hygiene Heroes” educational campaign was developed to improve patient and family HH at 2 tertiary care pediatric and obstetrics hospitals. Its multiple phases included visual materials, tailored activities for 9 hospital units, and long-term evaluation during a 2-year period. HH rates among patients/families and health care workers were measured at baseline and throughout the campaign via direct observation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, HH significantly increased for both patients/families (OR 1.82, <em>P</em> .041) and health care workers (OR 2.15, <em>P</em> < .001) after campaign initiation. However, individual units had varying degrees of sustainment on follow-up evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Duration of intervention, activity simplicity, active participation, and resource availability may affect success of campaign initiatives. Positive prognostic factors included mixed leadership support from administration and frontline workers, predetermined sustainability plans, and tailored activities by target audience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementation of hospital educational campaigns can be resource-intensive but can positively impact patient and family HH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 181-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.015
Barbara J. Quinn DNP, RN, ACNS-BC, FCNS, Kathleen Vollman MSN, RN, CCNS, FCCM, FCNS, FAAN
The relationship between pathogens in the health care environment and health care-associated infection has been well-documented in the literature. No study has been published since 2012 regarding the contamination of reusable bath basins. This brief report aims to determine if basin contamination remains a reservoir for bacteria that may contribute to the risk of spreading microorganisms to vulnerable patients. We address this question with data from multiple sites over 10 years.
{"title":"Microbial contamination in reusable health care bath basins: An observational descriptive study","authors":"Barbara J. Quinn DNP, RN, ACNS-BC, FCNS, Kathleen Vollman MSN, RN, CCNS, FCCM, FCNS, FAAN","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between pathogens in the health care environment and health care-associated infection has been well-documented in the literature. No study has been published since 2012 regarding the contamination of reusable bath basins. This brief report aims to determine if basin contamination remains a reservoir for bacteria that may contribute to the risk of spreading microorganisms to vulnerable patients. We address this question with data from multiple sites over 10<!--> <!-->years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 272-273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.07.017
Matthew B. Crist MD, MPH , Michele J. Neuburger DDS, MPH , Shelley S. Magill MD, PhD , Kiran M. Perkins MD, MPH
{"title":"Oral care in nonventilated hospitalized patients","authors":"Matthew B. Crist MD, MPH , Michele J. Neuburger DDS, MPH , Shelley S. Magill MD, PhD , Kiran M. Perkins MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.004
Valeria Fabre MD , Carolyn Herzig MPH , Lucy Anchiraico Galarza CIC , Bowen Aquiles MD , Ana Belen Arauz MD , Maria del Carmen Bangher MD , Marisa L. Bernan MD , Sol Burokas MD , Iris L. Cazali MD , Angel Colque MD , Marisabel Comas MD , Rosa Verónica Contreras MD , Maria Gabriela Cordoba CIC , Silvia Mabel Correa CIC , Gustavo Costilla Campero MD , Aura Chiroy CIC , Gabriela De Ascencao MD , Carlos Cruz García MD , Cecilia Ezcurra MD , Leandro Falleroni MD , Rodolfo E. Quiros MD, MSc, MBA, PhD
Background
Limited information exists regarding health care workers’ (HCWs) perceptions about infection prevention and control (IPC) in Latin America.
Methods
We conducted an electronic voluntary anonymous survey to assess HCWs’ perceptions toward IPC in 30 hospitals in Latin America during August to September 2022. Nurses, physicians, and environmental cleaning (EVC) staff were prioritized for recruitment.
Results
Overall, 1,340 HCWs completed the survey. Of these, 28% were physicians, 49% nurses, 8% EVC staff, and 15% had “other” roles. Self-compliance with hand hygiene and prevention bundles was perceived to be high by 95% and 89% of respondents, respectively; however, ratings were lower when asked about compliance by their peers (reported as high by 81% and 75%, respectively). Regular training on IPC and access to health care-associated infections (HAI) rates were more limited among physicians than other HCWs (eg, 87% of EVC staff and 45% of physicians reported training upon hiring and thereafter, 60% of nurses and 51% of physicians reported regular access to HAI rate reports).
Conclusions
We identified several opportunities to strengthen IPC practices in Latin American hospitals, including improving HCW education and training on IPC and their awareness of HAI rates and compliance with prevention measures.
{"title":"Health care workers’ perceptions about infection prevention and control in Latin America","authors":"Valeria Fabre MD , Carolyn Herzig MPH , Lucy Anchiraico Galarza CIC , Bowen Aquiles MD , Ana Belen Arauz MD , Maria del Carmen Bangher MD , Marisa L. Bernan MD , Sol Burokas MD , Iris L. Cazali MD , Angel Colque MD , Marisabel Comas MD , Rosa Verónica Contreras MD , Maria Gabriela Cordoba CIC , Silvia Mabel Correa CIC , Gustavo Costilla Campero MD , Aura Chiroy CIC , Gabriela De Ascencao MD , Carlos Cruz García MD , Cecilia Ezcurra MD , Leandro Falleroni MD , Rodolfo E. Quiros MD, MSc, MBA, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Limited information exists regarding health care workers’ (HCWs) perceptions about infection prevention and control (IPC) in Latin America.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an electronic voluntary anonymous survey to assess HCWs’ perceptions toward IPC in 30 hospitals in Latin America during August to September 2022. Nurses, physicians, and environmental cleaning (EVC) staff were prioritized for recruitment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 1,340 HCWs completed the survey. Of these, 28% were physicians, 49% nurses, 8% EVC staff, and 15% had “other” roles. Self-compliance with hand hygiene and prevention bundles was perceived to be high by 95% and 89% of respondents, respectively; however, ratings were lower when asked about compliance by their peers (reported as high by 81% and 75%, respectively). Regular training on IPC and access to health care-associated infections (HAI) rates were more limited among physicians than other HCWs (eg, 87% of EVC staff and 45% of physicians reported training upon hiring and thereafter, 60% of nurses and 51% of physicians reported regular access to HAI rate reports).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified several opportunities to strengthen IPC practices in Latin American hospitals, including improving HCW education and training on IPC and their awareness of HAI rates and compliance with prevention measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.008
Cindy Prins PhD, MPH, CIC, CPH, FSHEA , Avery E. Bollinger MA , Cassandra L. Johnson RN, MPH , Jamie L. Pomeranz PhD, CRC, CLCP , Sally M. Bethart DNP, APRN, FNP-BC, PHNA-BC, CNE , Kartikeya Cherabuddi MD, FACP, FIDSA , Ann L. Horgas PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN , Veena Venugopalan PharmD , Nicole M. Marlow PhD, MSPH , Duzgun Agdas PhD, PE , Chang-Yu Wu PhD, MS , Antarpreet Singh Jutla PhD, MSc, MTech, BTech , Mishal Khan MHA , Argentina Charles MPH, CIC , A.C. Burke MA,CIC , F. Lee Revere PhD, MS
Background
Although several surveys of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices have been conducted in the United States, none have focused on the state of Florida, which has the fourth-largest number of certified nursing facilities in the country. A needs assessment survey was conducted to better understand the specific needs and practices of individuals responsible for IPC in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Florida.
Methods
In November and December of 2022, a 90-question online survey was distributed to individuals responsible for IPC activities at 3,690 LTCFs in Florida. After omitting incomplete responses, 304 survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results
Survey responses regarding hand hygiene, sharps safety, and staff training reflect compliance with recommended IPC practices. Staffing shortages for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants were high among respondents (30%), while few reported shortages of personal protective equipment (5%). Only 11% of respondents state their facility requires flu vaccines, despite the high-risk environment of LTCFs. Concerning the built environment, the results suggest infection preventionists have limited awareness of the scope of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in their facilities.
Conclusions
Some areas of compliance with IPC best practices were noted, but multiple opportunities for education and training on IPC best practices were identified.
{"title":"Infection prevention and control in long-term care facilities in Florida: A needs assessment survey","authors":"Cindy Prins PhD, MPH, CIC, CPH, FSHEA , Avery E. Bollinger MA , Cassandra L. Johnson RN, MPH , Jamie L. Pomeranz PhD, CRC, CLCP , Sally M. Bethart DNP, APRN, FNP-BC, PHNA-BC, CNE , Kartikeya Cherabuddi MD, FACP, FIDSA , Ann L. Horgas PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN , Veena Venugopalan PharmD , Nicole M. Marlow PhD, MSPH , Duzgun Agdas PhD, PE , Chang-Yu Wu PhD, MS , Antarpreet Singh Jutla PhD, MSc, MTech, BTech , Mishal Khan MHA , Argentina Charles MPH, CIC , A.C. Burke MA,CIC , F. Lee Revere PhD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although several surveys of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices have been conducted in the United States, none have focused on the state of Florida, which has the fourth-largest number of certified nursing facilities in the country. A needs assessment survey was conducted to better understand the specific needs and practices of individuals responsible for IPC in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Florida.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In November and December of 2022, a 90-question online survey was distributed to individuals responsible for IPC activities at 3,690 LTCFs in Florida. After omitting incomplete responses, 304 survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Survey responses regarding hand hygiene, sharps safety, and staff training reflect compliance with recommended IPC practices. Staffing shortages for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants were high among respondents (30%), while few reported shortages of personal protective equipment (5%). Only 11% of respondents state their facility requires flu vaccines, despite the high-risk environment of LTCFs. Concerning the built environment, the results suggest infection preventionists have limited awareness of the scope of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in their facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Some areas of compliance with IPC best practices were noted, but multiple opportunities for education and training on IPC best practices were identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 210-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.017
Sara M. Reese PhD, MPH, CIC, FAPIC, Bryan C. Knepper MPH, MS, CIC, FAPIC, Rebecca Crapanzano-Sigafoos DrPH, MPH, CIC, FAPIC
Background
Hand Hygiene (HH) monitoring is essential for patient and staff safety, but the optimal number of observations remains elusive. This project aimed to determine a statistically comparable number below the current standard of 100 to 200 per month per unit.
Methods
HH observations from various hospitals were grouped in strata by facility, unit, and month, then resampled into sets of 25, 50, 100, and 150 for comparison with 200. Significant comparisons and confidence interval width differences were calculated. A power analysis, accounting for adherence rates (50%-90%), identified sample sizes needed for significant differences from 200 at the 0.05 level.
Results
A total of 873,618 observations across 68 facilities, compared sample sizes (25, 50, 100, 150) to 200, showed 2.6% to 4.3% significant differences at P = .05, with median confidence interval width differences from 0.05% to 0.68%. The power analysis showed required percentage differences for significance at P = .05 ranged from 7.8% (150 vs 200 at 90% HH adherence) to 30% (25 vs 200 at 50% adherence).
Conclusions
The findings suggest hospitals could reduce HH observations to 50 per unit per month without affecting data quality even at lower adherence. It is recommended that standards shift focus from monitoring (with fewer observations) to training, education, culture, infrastructure, and feedback.
背景：手部卫生（HH）监测对患者和工作人员的安全至关重要，但最佳观察次数仍难以捉摸。该项目旨在确定一个统计上可比较的数字，低于目前每个单位每月100至200个的标准。方法：将各医院的HH观察数据按设施、单位和月份分层分组，然后重新抽样为25组、50组、100组和150组，与200组比较。计算显著比较和置信区间宽度差异。考虑到依从率（50%-90%）的功效分析确定了在0.05水平上与200有显著差异所需的样本量。结果：68个设施共873,618个观测值，比较样本量（25,50,100,150）到200，显示2.6%到4.3%的显著差异，P = 0.05，中位置信区间宽度差异为0.05%到0.68%。功效分析显示，P = 0.05时所需的显著性百分比差异范围从7.8% （150 vs 200, 90% HH依从性）到30% （25 vs 200, 50%依从性）。结论：研究结果表明，即使依从性较低，医院也可以将HH观察次数减少到每月每单位50次，而不会影响数据质量。建议将标准的重点从监视（较少观察）转移到培训、教育、文化、基础设施和反馈。
{"title":"Right-sizing expectations for hand hygiene observation collection","authors":"Sara M. Reese PhD, MPH, CIC, FAPIC, Bryan C. Knepper MPH, MS, CIC, FAPIC, Rebecca Crapanzano-Sigafoos DrPH, MPH, CIC, FAPIC","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hand Hygiene (HH) monitoring is essential for patient and staff safety, but the optimal number of observations remains elusive. This project aimed to determine a statistically comparable number below the current standard of 100 to 200 per month per unit.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HH observations from various hospitals were grouped in strata by facility, unit, and month, then resampled into sets of 25, 50, 100, and 150 for comparison with 200. Significant comparisons and confidence interval width differences were calculated. A power analysis, accounting for adherence rates (50%-90%), identified sample sizes needed for significant differences from 200 at the 0.05 level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 873,618 observations across 68 facilities, compared sample sizes (25, 50, 100, 150) to 200, showed 2.6% to 4.3% significant differences at <em>P</em> = .05, with median confidence interval width differences from 0.05% to 0.68%. The power analysis showed required percentage differences for significance at <em>P</em> = .05 ranged from 7.8% (150 vs 200 at 90% HH adherence) to 30% (25 vs 200 at 50% adherence).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest hospitals could reduce HH observations to 50 per unit per month without affecting data quality even at lower adherence. It is recommended that standards shift focus from monitoring (with fewer observations) to training, education, culture, infrastructure, and feedback.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 175-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.012
Amnuay Kleebayoon PhD , Viroj Wiwanitkit MD
{"title":"Novel color additive for disinfectant wipes and room cleanliness and turnover time: Correspondence","authors":"Amnuay Kleebayoon PhD , Viroj Wiwanitkit MD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Page 282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/S0196-6553(24)00914-3
{"title":"Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0196-6553(24)00914-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0196-6553(24)00914-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages A9-A10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to some comments on the efficiency and simulation of Thailand's Chiang Mai University model for COVID-19 mass vaccination hub","authors":"Amornphat Kitro MD, MCTM , Danuphon Tippong PhD , Wachiranun Sirikul MD, MSc , Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 280-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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