Accurate pathological diagnosis and staging of extent of disease are key steps in the management of childhood neoplasms. Adjuvant chemotherapy is responsible for improved survival rates. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma intensive chemotherapy, irradiation to areas of bulk disease and central nervous system prophylaxis are combined in treatment. Chemotherapy and limited field irradiation have improved survival in Hodgkin's disease. Treatment varies widely in neuroblastoma according to stage with disseminated disease still carrying a very poor prognosis. Survival in Wilms' tumour has improved to such an extent that long-term side-effects of therapy now need to be considered.
{"title":"Management of the more common pediatric neoplasms with particular reference to Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Wilms' tumour and neuroblastoma.","authors":"K D Waters","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate pathological diagnosis and staging of extent of disease are key steps in the management of childhood neoplasms. Adjuvant chemotherapy is responsible for improved survival rates. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma intensive chemotherapy, irradiation to areas of bulk disease and central nervous system prophylaxis are combined in treatment. Chemotherapy and limited field irradiation have improved survival in Hodgkin's disease. Treatment varies widely in neuroblastoma according to stage with disseminated disease still carrying a very poor prognosis. Survival in Wilms' tumour has improved to such an extent that long-term side-effects of therapy now need to be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 2","pages":"68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17312252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Eggenberger, J P Christen, C Delarue, P Frutiger, P Girardet, C Godard, R Hynek, D Wavre
In a prospective study, during a period of 1 year, 1,116 children over 1 year of age, with acute pharyngitis-tonsillitis, were examined by a group of Swiss pediatricians. Throat swabs were cultured for the presence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and treatment was withheld pending results in most cases. The throat swab cultures were positive in 29.6% of the cases. There were no incidences of acute glomerulonephritis, acute rheumatic fever or severe purulent local complications. The findings confirm the recommendations in the American literature concerning clinic, diagnosis and management, and they can be applied in Switzerland.
{"title":"Streptococcal pharyngitis-tonsillitis in Swiss children. Diagnosis and management.","authors":"K Eggenberger, J P Christen, C Delarue, P Frutiger, P Girardet, C Godard, R Hynek, D Wavre","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a prospective study, during a period of 1 year, 1,116 children over 1 year of age, with acute pharyngitis-tonsillitis, were examined by a group of Swiss pediatricians. Throat swabs were cultured for the presence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and treatment was withheld pending results in most cases. The throat swab cultures were positive in 29.6% of the cases. There were no incidences of acute glomerulonephritis, acute rheumatic fever or severe purulent local complications. The findings confirm the recommendations in the American literature concerning clinic, diagnosis and management, and they can be applied in Switzerland.</p>","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 5-6","pages":"295-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18066293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The intensive care nursery as a small society: its contribution to the socialization and learning of the pediatric intern.","authors":"E B Brody, H Klein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"169-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18223181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
11 children, aged between 18 months and 14 years, suffering from acute leukemia showed extremely long-term survival lasting 10-28 years, at an average of 18 years. 9 cases had acute lymphatic leukemia of the low risk group (apart from their age). 2 girls had acute myelogenous leukemia of the promyelocytic type, 1 of them belonging to the high risk group. Treatment was given for 2-10 years, at an average of 5 years, mostly in the form of modified 'monotherapy'. Total therapy, CNS prophylaxis (irradiation and methotrexate intrathecally) was not employed. The children were mostly controlled as outpatients to avoid the danger of hospital infections and to give them a better psychological ambiance. 3 grown-up patients are parents of altogether 6 children, which proves the possibility of normal progeny. The description of these exceptional cases, however, should not lead to the abolition of the present, very promising, intensive therapy with a high percentage of 5-year survivals.
{"title":"Long-term survival (cures) in childhood acute leukemia. Follow-up of nine cases of acute lymphatic leukemia and two of acute myelogenous leukemia with complete remission lasting more than 10 years, three of them with normal progeny.","authors":"C Gasser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>11 children, aged between 18 months and 14 years, suffering from acute leukemia showed extremely long-term survival lasting 10-28 years, at an average of 18 years. 9 cases had acute lymphatic leukemia of the low risk group (apart from their age). 2 girls had acute myelogenous leukemia of the promyelocytic type, 1 of them belonging to the high risk group. Treatment was given for 2-10 years, at an average of 5 years, mostly in the form of modified 'monotherapy'. Total therapy, CNS prophylaxis (irradiation and methotrexate intrathecally) was not employed. The children were mostly controlled as outpatients to avoid the danger of hospital infections and to give them a better psychological ambiance. 3 grown-up patients are parents of altogether 6 children, which proves the possibility of normal progeny. The description of these exceptional cases, however, should not lead to the abolition of the present, very promising, intensive therapy with a high percentage of 5-year survivals.</p>","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 5-6","pages":"344-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17990948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health care for children--preventive aspects.","authors":"M Studenikin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18364497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the larger group of nutritional anemias in childhood. The etiology, physiological changes, prevention and management of these entities are presented in an appropriate, concise manner, suitable for the practitioner. Special emphasis has been given to pathophysiological changes leading to haematological problems.
{"title":"Nutritional anaemia in children.","authors":"O P Ghai, V P Choudhry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses the larger group of nutritional anemias in childhood. The etiology, physiological changes, prevention and management of these entities are presented in an appropriate, concise manner, suitable for the practitioner. Special emphasis has been given to pathophysiological changes leading to haematological problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 2","pages":"113-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18404293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic use of play.","authors":"I Lindquist","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"203-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17509009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parents' perceptions of their low birth weight infants.","authors":"L F Newman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"182-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18223183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1,261 fresh urine specimens of patients of a pediatric office were examined by optical microscope and cultured on dip-slides (Urotube). 132 pathological bacteriurias, representing 95 certain episodes of UTI, served as reference material. The bacteriuria, leucocyturia and bacterioscopy were analysed by means of four validity tests: sensitivity test, predictive value of negative test, specificity test, and predictive value of positive test. The comparison shows that bacterioscopy is as valuable as dip-slides, provided that (a) only the clearly or highly positive bacterioscopies, or (b) the associated bacterioscopy and leucocyturia--but only double negative or double positive--be considered.
{"title":"Urinary tract infections in pediatric practice. A comparative study of three diagnostic tools: dip-slides, bacterioscopy and leucocyturia.","authors":"P Girardet, P Frutiger, R Lang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1,261 fresh urine specimens of patients of a pediatric office were examined by optical microscope and cultured on dip-slides (Urotube). 132 pathological bacteriurias, representing 95 certain episodes of UTI, served as reference material. The bacteriuria, leucocyturia and bacterioscopy were analysed by means of four validity tests: sensitivity test, predictive value of negative test, specificity test, and predictive value of positive test. The comparison shows that bacterioscopy is as valuable as dip-slides, provided that (a) only the clearly or highly positive bacterioscopies, or (b) the associated bacterioscopy and leucocyturia--but only double negative or double positive--be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":76300,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrician","volume":"9 5-6","pages":"322-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18256042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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