Investigation performed by nuclear magnetic resonance and by deuteration on the dynamics of water molecules in mammalian blood cells and in amphibian oocytes, muscles and nerves allowed to reveal several populations of cell water molecules. Following up relaxation and exchange processes in cell suspensions, packed cell pellets and in isolated tissues, characteristics of water dynamics and compartmentation in various biosystems are compared.
The first part of the paper is devoted to the description of the data acquisition system for studies on epithelial membranes using a process-control computer ECAROM connected to the usual two half-chambers device for epithelial transport studies in vitro. The second part presented the results obtained in several types of experiments concerning the effect of drugs (histamine, acetazolamide) and ionic gradients (K+, Cl-, H+) on the potential difference and/or acid secretion rate.
To describe water nuclear magnetic relaxation in protein solutions a new modification of two-state model has been advanced. It is assumed that the hydration water molecules take part in two type rotation motions: fast anisotropic and slow isotropic ones, each of them can be characterized by a single correlation time. A transition of water molecule from bound state into bulk water is considered as defect arousing and is described by defect diffusion model. The model advanced allows one to describe both frequency and temperature dependences of water spin-lattice relaxation times in protein solutions and to get an information on microdynamic parameters of hydration water molecules such as life time, fraction, hindrance of local motion, etc.
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