Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie最新文献

Patients with multiple sclerosis must come to terms with their unpredictable chronic disease. Frequently, they want to establish contacts and exchange information with others sharing the same problems. Discussion groups of outpatients offer many opportunities to further the process of coping with the disease as an interlocking web of defensive and coping patterns. The patients can learn from each other to assess their disabilities and capabilities more realistically and to deal more openly with their fears, hopes and disappointments.

46 patients with generalised epilepsy and 67 patients with partial epilepsy were examined in respect of basic psychopathological symptoms in the stricter sense: rate reduction, viscosity, and perseveration. Comparison of the groups of patients classified pathologically with 34 healthy control subjects enabled psychopathological calibration of the battery of tests involved. This is turn resulted in differentiated the presentation of the influence on the basic psychic symptoms of epilepsy as such and the nature and frequency of attacks. The concept of different pathogenesis for the phenomenologically different symptoms viscosity and perseveration is discussed.

In the Brandenburg Epileptics' Center, 165 adult patients underwent computer tomography diagnosis in addition to the usual neuropsychiatric and EEG findings checklist. The findings were incorporated into the diagnosis of epilepsy. Results are discussed and it is suggested that the inclusion of cranial computer tomography in the diagnosis and the findings checklist would be an optimisation.

This paper introduces some important views on the clinical entities of the adolescent psychiatry in Japan. Shimizu shows the transitional region between neurosis, schizophrenia and normal. Murakami's new classification tells the relationship among the psychiatric disorders, especially about the borderline disorder. Hatotani's scheme deals with the atypical psychoses very well. According to the idea of Griesinger's "Einheitspsychose" arranges my symptomatic picture several ambiguous symptoms of the adolescent psychiatric disorders. In this picture we can understand the meaning of the borderline disorder. At last I give the catastrophic model of psychiatric disorders.

The Carroll Rating Scale for Depression, first published by Carroll et al. in 1981, has been translated into German. 28 out-patients and a control-group of 28 normals were submitted to the CRS and, for purposes of validation, to the BECK scale and the diagram HARD. The Carroll Rating Scale is directly based on the Hamilton Rating Scale, but, in contrast, it represents a self rating that should be useful for longitudinal studies.

Height vertigo (acrophobia) is a very frequent phenomenon being of interest for its physiological and psychological background, though usually only of limited significance in neuropsychiatry and otology. The different aspects as to its nature and origin are discussed. If acrophobia has developed into a conditioned reaction of avoidance with pressure of suffering, or acrophobia in persons, who have to work at heights, behavior therapeutic measures with systematic desensibilisation, starting from an imaginative training, are indicated.

Through the Federal German Government's incentives (1976-1985) brought about considerable experience with community based psychiatric services many desideratas and shortcomings stood the reformist efforts: above all, the needs of long term patients remained unmet. At the same time a necessary integration into communities' everyday life culture still is out of reach. The author stresses the biases of the natural-science-medical paradigm when confronted with the demands of social psychiatry. The author suggests some organizational measures to help community related services on their ways.

An account is given of three patients who exhibited a malignant neuroleptic syndrome after the administration of neuroplegics. Like other authors, we identified typical elicitation factors and clinical characteristics. In one case a catatonic dilemma with lethal issue was observed. In the final case dealt with in this paper, the renewed application of neuroplegics following the termination of the malignant neuroleptic syndrome was tolerated without complications, whereas in the case of an epileptic patient with damage to the brain, the malignant neuroleptic syndrome returned upon dosage increase.