Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie最新文献

In forensic psychology, recommendations that courts request when granting one of the parents the right of child upbringing after a divorce pose a problem for the person who is required to give such expert judgment. The authors describe the difficult situation he faces when having to decide for and, at the same time, against one of the parents. A good knowledge of family psychology and pathopsychology is essential, and for drawing up the expertise and stating his reasons, the expert requires methodical resources. The authors describe four procedures of relational diagnosis and recommend the combined use of these in conjunction with methods that have been employed so far.

A weak minded man aged 31 years exhibited with moderate acrobrachycephalia, basal cutaneous syndactylies of the 2nd and 3rd fingers, marking symptoms of the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS), with dominant inheritance in three generations. Additionally there were symptoms of Ascher's syndrome, blepharochalasis, goitre and broad lower lip. The psychic maldevelopment is considered in association with a syndrome of the frontal lobe. Severe craniostenosis is rare at SCS; cosmetic handicap and obstruction of the nasal airway can be corrected by craniofacial surgeon.

A patient with the clinical symptoms of the "Stiff-man"-syndrome, but an atypical course was introduced. Symptoms and course were compared with similar cases mentioned in literature. The "Stiff-man"-syndrome is probably a disease of central origin affecting the relationship between inhibitory and excitatory regulation of the muscle tonus, especially the exteroceptive reflex mechanisms. Several pathological processes of the CNS can be held responsible for the disturbance of the balance in this regulatory system.

In the case of a 58-year-old female patient suffering from Parkinson's disease an accompanying psychotherapeutic treatment was applied because renewed decline of her condition had set in despite an initial success with an L-Dopa therapy. The positive approach disclosed new starting points to the patients which influenced her emotions and led to an improvement of her discomforts. With Positive Psychotherapy the patient got to know an instrument with which she could reappraise existing microtraumas and could better deal with conflicts in her psychologic and social surroundings.

This study evaluated the putative impact of circulating anticholinergic equivalents on cognitive functional performance in non-demented geropsychiatric inpatients. Standard rating instruments were administered to measure memory functions, concentration and overall functional competency. Anticholinergic plasma activity was assayed, using a radioreceptor technique with tritiated quinuclidinyl benzilate as the active reagent. None of the cognitive tests employed indicated a statistically significant change in the subjects' quantifiable level of cognitive performance. All changes in anticholinergic activities were related to adjustments in psychotherapeutic medications. The possible role of reversal of pseudodementing features is discussed as well as the potential for monitoring anticholinergic activity when treating elderly individuals with more than one centrally active medication having anticholinergic properties.

A correct diagnosis of progressive muscle dystrophy type Duchenne is important for consultation of the family of patients. The muscles of neck, shoulder, back, pelvis and legs of 23 patients were examined by computed tomography. The density of selected muscles were measured and compared with that of normal probands. Typical changes in the density-pattern were found. It is show, that the measurement of the density-pattern of muscles in pelvis and legs is sufficient for a sure diagnosis of progressive muscle dystrophy Duchenne.

The paper deals with the professional rehabilitation of cyclothymic patients with the aid of a semi-standardized interview of patient and superior direct at the place of employment. Half the patients had considerable professional problems consisting in requirements too low or too high and in lack of understanding on the past of the fellow workers. There is a connection between professional dissatisfaction and the numbers of recidives. Nearly all chiefs and associates wished more information about social manners towards the patient and about questions of his working capability and maximum stress. The results underline the necessity to include in the process of rehabilitation. Individual communication of the physician coworkers and with the patient is recommended as the most efficient form.