Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200604
J E White
Tis presentation is based on the concept that stability of the functioning knee is dependent upon the tracing integrity of the tibia in relationship to the femoral condyles. The femur is considered to be the anchored, inherently fixed, and stable component of the knee joint and the tibia, the mobile unit which must be maintained in constant equilibrium with the femur. This stable equilibrium must be maintained in an infinite
{"title":"Helical instability of the knee: a concept and surgical reconstruction.","authors":"J E White","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200604","url":null,"abstract":"Tis presentation is based on the concept that stability of the functioning knee is dependent upon the tracing integrity of the tibia in relationship to the femoral condyles. The femur is considered to be the anchored, inherently fixed, and stable component of the knee joint and the tibia, the mobile unit which must be maintained in constant equilibrium with the femur. This stable equilibrium must be maintained in an infinite","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 6","pages":"329-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200601
R J Johnson, M H Pope, C Ettlinger
that many accidents may be caused by improperly designed, mounted and adjusted bindirrgs.l 1 2 5 9 10 12 14 15 19 However, no studies have yet been designed which evaluate the equipment of the injured skier immediately upon sustaining injury. Much of the equipment in use today has theoretical efficacy as shown by vanous mechanical testing devices, yet the rates of ski injuries have changed little since the use of release bindings became popular about twenty years ago.1~ 1, 7, 1 It has never been conclusively demonstrated in a skiing population that bindings mounted, adjusted and set properly do improve the skiers chances of avoiding injury. In fact, several investigators state that no differences exist between the equipment used by injured and uninjured skiers 2, 6 7 is 19 In contrast, two papers recently read suggest the existence of such variations. Apparently injuries were reduced by twothirds when antifriction devices (AFD’s)
{"title":"Ski injuries and equipment function.","authors":"R J Johnson, M H Pope, C Ettlinger","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200601","url":null,"abstract":"that many accidents may be caused by improperly designed, mounted and adjusted bindirrgs.l 1 2 5 9 10 12 14 15 19 However, no studies have yet been designed which evaluate the equipment of the injured skier immediately upon sustaining injury. Much of the equipment in use today has theoretical efficacy as shown by vanous mechanical testing devices, yet the rates of ski injuries have changed little since the use of release bindings became popular about twenty years ago.1~ 1, 7, 1 It has never been conclusively demonstrated in a skiing population that bindings mounted, adjusted and set properly do improve the skiers chances of avoiding injury. In fact, several investigators state that no differences exist between the equipment used by injured and uninjured skiers 2, 6 7 is 19 In contrast, two papers recently read suggest the existence of such variations. Apparently injuries were reduced by twothirds when antifriction devices (AFD’s)","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 6","pages":"299-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200603
V Lök, G Yücetürk
Te injuries typical of wrestling are found to be more frequent during recent years. This is due to the increased practice and popularity of Free-Style wrestling. The lower extremities in the Free-Style form and the upper extremities in Greco-Roman form are used as force extensions (lever arm), exposing the extremities to great pull and tortion forces beyond the physiological limits, which in turn causes injuries especially to the joints.
{"title":"Injuries of wrestling.","authors":"V Lök, G Yücetürk","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200603","url":null,"abstract":"Te injuries typical of wrestling are found to be more frequent during recent years. This is due to the increased practice and popularity of Free-Style wrestling. The lower extremities in the Free-Style form and the upper extremities in Greco-Roman form are used as force extensions (lever arm), exposing the extremities to great pull and tortion forces beyond the physiological limits, which in turn causes injuries especially to the joints.","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 6","pages":"324-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200501
A M Bernhang, W Dehner, C Fogarty
may say that I have found no benefit from treatment hitherto: and you only have to drive a pulling horse, draw a tooth or even handle the bottles in surgery to find the full force of the annoyance.&dquo; The condition and the efficacy of treatment have not materially improved in one hundred years. The etiology of &dquo;tennis elbow&dquo; has been given as: prominence of the radial head,12 radial humeral bursitis,15 synovial fringes, various nerve entrapments,2 radial tunnel syndrome,’3 tendinitis, periostitis, tears of the conjoined tendon, neuritis,’ abnormalities of the obicular ligament or a combination of the above. Recommended treatment has included local infiltration, rest, manipulation or surgery. This study was undertaken to record the function of the extensor muscle mass during tennis stroke production in hopes of eliciting that stress responsible for the production of lateral epicondylitis. It was also hoped that guide-lines for the proper selection of tennis equipment might be established.
{"title":"Tennis elbow: a biomechanical approach.","authors":"A M Bernhang, W Dehner, C Fogarty","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200501","url":null,"abstract":"may say that I have found no benefit from treatment hitherto: and you only have to drive a pulling horse, draw a tooth or even handle the bottles in surgery to find the full force of the annoyance.&dquo; The condition and the efficacy of treatment have not materially improved in one hundred years. The etiology of &dquo;tennis elbow&dquo; has been given as: prominence of the radial head,12 radial humeral bursitis,15 synovial fringes, various nerve entrapments,2 radial tunnel syndrome,’3 tendinitis, periostitis, tears of the conjoined tendon, neuritis,’ abnormalities of the obicular ligament or a combination of the above. Recommended treatment has included local infiltration, rest, manipulation or surgery. This study was undertaken to record the function of the extensor muscle mass during tennis stroke production in hopes of eliciting that stress responsible for the production of lateral epicondylitis. It was also hoped that guide-lines for the proper selection of tennis equipment might be established.","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"235-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200505
R Lopez, H Ebel
task was observed following prior exercise (PE) at each of four intensities presented in a sequence determined by a systematic, repeated measures design. Endurance task performances following moderate levels of PE were significantly greater than those following either intense PE or no PE. Performance following intense PE was the same as that following no PE at all. Improved performance following moderate PE was attributed to increased core
{"title":"Endurance performance as a function of prior-exercise heart rate.","authors":"R Lopez, H Ebel","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200505","url":null,"abstract":"task was observed following prior exercise (PE) at each of four intensities presented in a sequence determined by a systematic, repeated measures design. Endurance task performances following moderate levels of PE were significantly greater than those following either intense PE or no PE. Performance following intense PE was the same as that following no PE at all. Improved performance following moderate PE was attributed to increased core","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"291-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200504
A R Behnke, L F Austin
an analysis of 143 fatalities for 1970 and 132 fatal accidents in 1971 involving scuba or skin diving activity by U.S. Citizens. Injury within immediate medical cognizance arises chiefly from too rapid ascent (aeroembolism, decompression sickness); indirectly from cold, hypoxia, nitrogen narcosis, vertigo, disorientation, and traumatic and animate marine hazards. In closed breathing systems, there may be inadequate ventilation, carbon dioxide excess, and with oxygen inhalation and exercise at depths, incapacitation. Mishaps are caused by inexperience and inadequate training, particularly in the period of transition from swimming pool to open waters, by logistic failure (the empty gas bottle, borrowed equipment). The glaring deficiency is lack of on-site recompression chambers coupled with lack of or casual organization to provide emergency and follow-up care. Always in imminent danger of drowning (breathing unnaturally through a mouthpiece with the head surrounded by water) the scuba diver may compound the aqueous environmental hazards by physical impairment, emotional immaturity, and psychic instability. Not infrequent is the obsession to establish new records in depth with diving gear which for the novice should be restricted to ’free’ ascent depths without need for recompression-routinely limited to 60 feet and not greater than 130 feet. The scuba diver within our purview and concern in
{"title":"Introduction to scuba diving.","authors":"A R Behnke, L F Austin","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200504","url":null,"abstract":"an analysis of 143 fatalities for 1970 and 132 fatal accidents in 1971 involving scuba or skin diving activity by U.S. Citizens. Injury within immediate medical cognizance arises chiefly from too rapid ascent (aeroembolism, decompression sickness); indirectly from cold, hypoxia, nitrogen narcosis, vertigo, disorientation, and traumatic and animate marine hazards. In closed breathing systems, there may be inadequate ventilation, carbon dioxide excess, and with oxygen inhalation and exercise at depths, incapacitation. Mishaps are caused by inexperience and inadequate training, particularly in the period of transition from swimming pool to open waters, by logistic failure (the empty gas bottle, borrowed equipment). The glaring deficiency is lack of on-site recompression chambers coupled with lack of or casual organization to provide emergency and follow-up care. Always in imminent danger of drowning (breathing unnaturally through a mouthpiece with the head surrounded by water) the scuba diver may compound the aqueous environmental hazards by physical impairment, emotional immaturity, and psychic instability. Not infrequent is the obsession to establish new records in depth with diving gear which for the novice should be restricted to ’free’ ascent depths without need for recompression-routinely limited to 60 feet and not greater than 130 feet. The scuba diver within our purview and concern in","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"276-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200503
F C McCue, J R Andrews, M Hakala, J H Gieck
a painful, stiff and deformed finger which we have called &dquo;The Coach’s Finger&dquo;. We certainly agree that reduction should and must be accomplished early. We also agree that the athlete can usually return to the game after proper diagnosis and splinting. However, the problem becomes more complex when an inadequate diagnosis is made, no x-ray taken, and improper splinting employed. We are presenting 161 cases involving injuries to the middle joint of the finger in athletes who presented on the playing field
{"title":"The coach's finger.","authors":"F C McCue, J R Andrews, M Hakala, J H Gieck","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200503","url":null,"abstract":"a painful, stiff and deformed finger which we have called &dquo;The Coach’s Finger&dquo;. We certainly agree that reduction should and must be accomplished early. We also agree that the athlete can usually return to the game after proper diagnosis and splinting. However, the problem becomes more complex when an inadequate diagnosis is made, no x-ray taken, and improper splinting employed. We are presenting 161 cases involving injuries to the middle joint of the finger in athletes who presented on the playing field","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"270-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200502
J S Torg, T C Quedenfeld, S Landau
I he high incidence of severe knee injuries occurring in American football constitutes a national health problem of considerable magnitude. Estimates based on available data 1. project an incidence of 100,000 to 130,000 knee injuries among professional, collegiate, scholastic and sandlot players each season. Of these, between 30,000 to 50,000 sustain injuries requiring surgery. To state the problem in terms of human suffering as well as short and long term disability is not possible. There can be no question but that the knee injury problem demands the attention of all individuals responsible for the health and well being of these athletes. It is recognized that in the vast majority of instances, fixation of the foot on the ground is a necessary element in the mechanism of football knee injuries. With the foot fixed, application of a force stressing the knee in a plane other than that of normal joint motion results in injury if the force exceeds the elastic capabilities of the structure(s) being stressed. Hanley3 was first to recognize this, attributed foot fixation to be due primarily to the heel cleats, and replaced them with a three inch diameter plastic heel disc. Wearing this device resulted in a significant decrease in knee and ankle injuries among Bowdoin College varsity players in 1965 and 1966. Similarly, Nedwidek’ demonstrated that by substituting oblong cleats for the -1/4 inch conical heel cleats in a
{"title":"The shoe-surface interface and its relationship to football knee injuries.","authors":"J S Torg, T C Quedenfeld, S Landau","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200502","url":null,"abstract":"I he high incidence of severe knee injuries occurring in American football constitutes a national health problem of considerable magnitude. Estimates based on available data 1. project an incidence of 100,000 to 130,000 knee injuries among professional, collegiate, scholastic and sandlot players each season. Of these, between 30,000 to 50,000 sustain injuries requiring surgery. To state the problem in terms of human suffering as well as short and long term disability is not possible. There can be no question but that the knee injury problem demands the attention of all individuals responsible for the health and well being of these athletes. It is recognized that in the vast majority of instances, fixation of the foot on the ground is a necessary element in the mechanism of football knee injuries. With the foot fixed, application of a force stressing the knee in a plane other than that of normal joint motion results in injury if the force exceeds the elastic capabilities of the structure(s) being stressed. Hanley3 was first to recognize this, attributed foot fixation to be due primarily to the heel cleats, and replaced them with a three inch diameter plastic heel disc. Wearing this device resulted in a significant decrease in knee and ankle injuries among Bowdoin College varsity players in 1965 and 1966. Similarly, Nedwidek’ demonstrated that by substituting oblong cleats for the -1/4 inch conical heel cleats in a","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"261-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200502","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-09-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200506
F L Allman
readily apparent on a physical examination by a competent physician. Careful evaluation, however, of living habits and self interrogation regarding alterations in physical appearance and function will usually give very definite clues as to the extent that physical deterioration may have occurred. Subjective feelings of fatigue, jitteriness, unsocial behavior, and waning enthusiasm may represent early warning signs. Personality changes are characterized by a loss of courage. The individual becomes more fearsome of life, position, status, health and future. No longer is he the intrepid individual that he was while in college or during his early business career. Physical signs which are most easily detected are the accumulation of fat, especially in the lower abdominal region, a loss of muscular strength and endurance and a decrease in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory efficiency. These later two signs being noted most often by a shortness of
{"title":"Premature physical deterioration: a reversible disease.","authors":"F L Allman","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200506","url":null,"abstract":"readily apparent on a physical examination by a competent physician. Careful evaluation, however, of living habits and self interrogation regarding alterations in physical appearance and function will usually give very definite clues as to the extent that physical deterioration may have occurred. Subjective feelings of fatigue, jitteriness, unsocial behavior, and waning enthusiasm may represent early warning signs. Personality changes are characterized by a loss of courage. The individual becomes more fearsome of life, position, status, health and future. No longer is he the intrepid individual that he was while in college or during his early business career. Physical signs which are most easily detected are the accumulation of fat, especially in the lower abdominal region, a loss of muscular strength and endurance and a decrease in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory efficiency. These later two signs being noted most often by a shortness of","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 5","pages":"295-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-07-01DOI: 10.1177/036354657400200404
V Distefano, J E Nixon
cannot be intimately applied and early loosening results. A proper alternative of recent vintage is a reticulated polyester urethane* foam whose physical properties suggest a fine porous, light-weight and resilient material** (Figs. 1, 2, 3). Personal experience over four years with an estimated minimum 25,000 shortterm applications of from 2 to 4 hours for practice sessions and games has shown not a single adverse reaction. The material was recently studied on an orthopaedic outpatient population for possible adverse reactions arising from long-term usage in the Dr Vincent DiStefano is Associate m Orthopaedics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medione. Team Physician-Philadelphia Eagles Professional Football Team
{"title":"An improved method of taping. An interposition material allows extended use of adhesive tape in a sports medicine setting.","authors":"V Distefano, J E Nixon","doi":"10.1177/036354657400200404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657400200404","url":null,"abstract":"cannot be intimately applied and early loosening results. A proper alternative of recent vintage is a reticulated polyester urethane* foam whose physical properties suggest a fine porous, light-weight and resilient material** (Figs. 1, 2, 3). Personal experience over four years with an estimated minimum 25,000 shortterm applications of from 2 to 4 hours for practice sessions and games has shown not a single adverse reaction. The material was recently studied on an orthopaedic outpatient population for possible adverse reactions arising from long-term usage in the Dr Vincent DiStefano is Associate m Orthopaedics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medione. Team Physician-Philadelphia Eagles Professional Football Team","PeriodicalId":76661,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sports medicine","volume":"2 4","pages":"209-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/036354657400200404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15568318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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