Rafia Shahzadi, Raheela Kousar, Muhammad Zain, Farooq Islam, Asim Raza
Purpose: To calculate the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy among patients with cervical spondylosis.
Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted in district Gujrat and Gujranwala on patients with cervical spondylosis in order to evaluate the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy among them. Data (n=186) was collected through non-probability convenient sampling using a Japanese orthopedic association cervical myelopathy evaluation questionnaire with the reliability of 0.89–0.96 by making a personal visit to different clinics and hospitals in Gujrat.
Findings: The prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy in patients with cervical spondylosis was 62.37%. The prevalence among different age group varied with the highest prevalence among age group 61-65 years old (30.2%). Moreover, it was higher in males than in females (52.6% vs 47.4%). The study also observed significant association between age and prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy as they have p-value (0.000). This study concluded that the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy is high in cervical spondylosis patients. It appears that advance age may be the factor responsible for cervical spondylotic myelopathy, as cervical spondylosis is more prevalent in older individuals.
Recommendations: There is a need to investigate the impact of lifestyle factors such as physical activity and posture on the frequency and severity of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Both clinical assessment and imaging techniques should be considered to accurately diagnose and evaluate the severity of CSM. To explore potential correlation between the duration and progression of cervical spondylosis and development of CSM further studies should be conducted.
{"title":"Prevalence of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Among Patients with Cervical Spondylosis","authors":"Rafia Shahzadi, Raheela Kousar, Muhammad Zain, Farooq Islam, Asim Raza","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1615","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To calculate the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy among patients with cervical spondylosis.
 Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted in district Gujrat and Gujranwala on patients with cervical spondylosis in order to evaluate the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy among them. Data (n=186) was collected through non-probability convenient sampling using a Japanese orthopedic association cervical myelopathy evaluation questionnaire with the reliability of 0.89–0.96 by making a personal visit to different clinics and hospitals in Gujrat.
 Findings: The prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy in patients with cervical spondylosis was 62.37%. The prevalence among different age group varied with the highest prevalence among age group 61-65 years old (30.2%). Moreover, it was higher in males than in females (52.6% vs 47.4%). The study also observed significant association between age and prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy as they have p-value (0.000). This study concluded that the prevalence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy is high in cervical spondylosis patients. It appears that advance age may be the factor responsible for cervical spondylotic myelopathy, as cervical spondylosis is more prevalent in older individuals.
 Recommendations: There is a need to investigate the impact of lifestyle factors such as physical activity and posture on the frequency and severity of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Both clinical assessment and imaging techniques should be considered to accurately diagnose and evaluate the severity of CSM. To explore potential correlation between the duration and progression of cervical spondylosis and development of CSM further studies should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Zain, Raheela Kousar, Rafia Shahzadi, Farooq Islam, Asim Raza
Purpose: To Assess Assessment of lumbosacral angle variation in middle adults with chronic low back pain.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted with sample size of 267 individuals from middle adults of Sikandar Medical complex Gujranwala, District Headquarter hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala medical complex, Gujranwala. The population was Middle Adults (45-65) of both genders. Angle was measured by Measuring scale and Protractor using X-ray of lateral view of lumbosacral spine. Obtained data were analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS).
Findings: The data has been obtained from 267 chronic low back pain patient in which 143 were male and 124 were female. Data was collected using lateral radiograph. The results show significant relation between chronic low back pain and lumbosacral angle with p-value ˂0.5. The result further shows that 32 male and 27 female were hypo lordotic while 89 male and 92 female were hyper lordotic.
Conclusion: The study concluded that lumbosacral angle increases with chronic low back pain among middle adults. The study also concludes that age, gender also associated with lumbosacral angle variation.
Recommendations: Future study needs a through physical examination. This study focuses on radiographs only but future study needs to focus on MRI and CT scan also for better understanding of pain causes. Awareness program should be conducted on causes, prevention, complication and treatment of chronic low back pain among middle adults
{"title":"Assessment of Lumbosacral Angle Variation Among Middle Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain","authors":"Muhammad Zain, Raheela Kousar, Rafia Shahzadi, Farooq Islam, Asim Raza","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1614","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To Assess Assessment of lumbosacral angle variation in middle adults with chronic low back pain.
 Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted with sample size of 267 individuals from middle adults of Sikandar Medical complex Gujranwala, District Headquarter hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala medical complex, Gujranwala. The population was Middle Adults (45-65) of both genders. Angle was measured by Measuring scale and Protractor using X-ray of lateral view of lumbosacral spine. Obtained data were analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS).
 Findings: The data has been obtained from 267 chronic low back pain patient in which 143 were male and 124 were female. Data was collected using lateral radiograph. The results show significant relation between chronic low back pain and lumbosacral angle with p-value ˂0.5. The result further shows that 32 male and 27 female were hypo lordotic while 89 male and 92 female were hyper lordotic.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that lumbosacral angle increases with chronic low back pain among middle adults. The study also concludes that age, gender also associated with lumbosacral angle variation.
 Recommendations: Future study needs a through physical examination. This study focuses on radiographs only but future study needs to focus on MRI and CT scan also for better understanding of pain causes. Awareness program should be conducted on causes, prevention, complication and treatment of chronic low back pain among middle adults","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To report a rare case of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension in an adult and the challenges in managing this case.
Methodology: Research design was through a case report, while data was collected through observation, analysis of medical records and individual interviews. Interpretation of data was through the qualitative method of data analysis.
Findings: A 34-year-old female meat seller was referred to our center with a rapidly progressive protrusion of the right eye of one month duration. She had a previous history of a penetrating injury to the right globe with bone fragment retention. She had had evisceration. Two weeks post-surgery, she noticed pain and a progressively worsening swelling around the right orbit. In our center, an initial diagnosis of orbital cellulitis post-evisceration was entertained. Orbito-cranial CT scan and MRI done showed a large homogenous irregular soft tissue mass occupying the right orbital cavity with extension to the right lateral rectus, lacrimal gland, cavernous sinus, optic nerve and brain parenchyma; findings were suggestive of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension. The patient was discharged against medical advice. She re-presented 7 weeks later with a much larger mass which had multiple friable bleeding sites. With much assurance by the oncologists, she had several blood transfusions and 6 courses of chemotherapy. Tumour regression was very impressive. Incisional biopsy and histology confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapeutic changes. The patient was stable and so referred to another tertiary center for External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT), but this was delayed due to financial constraints. Two months from her referral for EBRT, colleagues reported she died of intractable seizures
Recommendations: This study is based on suggestions that therapeutic success for rhabdomyosarcoma is better in children with survival rates reaching 75% unlike in adults where prognosis is poor.1 In this report, remission was observed soon after commencement of treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that early diagnosis be done to improve outcomes. Secondly, combination drugs should be used in all rhabdomyosarcoma cases. Lastly, government policies geared towards universal health coverage should be made and implemented.
{"title":"A Case of Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma with Intracranial Extension in an Adult: Diagnostic and Management Challenges","authors":"Oduware Gloria Ugboaku (MBBS), Edema, Temituoyo Folusho (MD), Ikhile Emmanuel Aimebelomo, Eghobamien Mine Oghomwenoyemwen (MBBS), Edema Omolabake Tolutope","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1612","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a rare case of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension in an adult and the challenges in managing this case.
 Methodology: Research design was through a case report, while data was collected through observation, analysis of medical records and individual interviews. Interpretation of data was through the qualitative method of data analysis.
 Findings: A 34-year-old female meat seller was referred to our center with a rapidly progressive protrusion of the right eye of one month duration. She had a previous history of a penetrating injury to the right globe with bone fragment retention. She had had evisceration. Two weeks post-surgery, she noticed pain and a progressively worsening swelling around the right orbit. In our center, an initial diagnosis of orbital cellulitis post-evisceration was entertained. Orbito-cranial CT scan and MRI done showed a large homogenous irregular soft tissue mass occupying the right orbital cavity with extension to the right lateral rectus, lacrimal gland, cavernous sinus, optic nerve and brain parenchyma; findings were suggestive of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension. The patient was discharged against medical advice. She re-presented 7 weeks later with a much larger mass which had multiple friable bleeding sites. With much assurance by the oncologists, she had several blood transfusions and 6 courses of chemotherapy. Tumour regression was very impressive. Incisional biopsy and histology confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapeutic changes. The patient was stable and so referred to another tertiary center for External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT), but this was delayed due to financial constraints. Two months from her referral for EBRT, colleagues reported she died of intractable seizures
 Recommendations: This study is based on suggestions that therapeutic success for rhabdomyosarcoma is better in children with survival rates reaching 75% unlike in adults where prognosis is poor.1 In this report, remission was observed soon after commencement of treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that early diagnosis be done to improve outcomes. Secondly, combination drugs should be used in all rhabdomyosarcoma cases. Lastly, government policies geared towards universal health coverage should be made and implemented.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135148270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farooque Ahmed Khan, Ammar Almashhadi, Nadeem Haider
Purpose: Trichobezoar, is a ball of swallowed hair, which is usually found in the stomach with a possibility of extension to the duodenum. As the tail can propagate to the small intestine, it is also given the name “Rapunzel syndrome”. The primary aim of this paper is to highlight an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction in children and to share our experience of management in one of the youngest children reported in the literature. The secondary aim is to share a review of literature on this topic.
Methodology: The hospital case notes of our patient were thoroughly reviewed and detailed history was confirmed with the family. Radiological imaging was discussed with a senior radiologist. We report a 3-year-old African child who presented to our emergency department with signs and symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction.
Findings: After a thorough review of the literature, we document that ours is the second report of trichobezoar causing small intestinal obstruction in a 3-year-old child. At laparotomy, a 25 cm long trichobezoar was removed from the ileum with an enterotomy.
Recommendations: Although it is a rare and unusual cause of isolated small bowel obstruction but with prompt diagnosis and timely intervention the outcome is excellent.
{"title":"Trichobezoar, An Unusual Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction in Pediatrics Age Group","authors":"Farooque Ahmed Khan, Ammar Almashhadi, Nadeem Haider","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1601","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Trichobezoar, is a ball of swallowed hair, which is usually found in the stomach with a possibility of extension to the duodenum. As the tail can propagate to the small intestine, it is also given the name “Rapunzel syndrome”. The primary aim of this paper is to highlight an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction in children and to share our experience of management in one of the youngest children reported in the literature. The secondary aim is to share a review of literature on this topic.
 Methodology: The hospital case notes of our patient were thoroughly reviewed and detailed history was confirmed with the family. Radiological imaging was discussed with a senior radiologist. We report a 3-year-old African child who presented to our emergency department with signs and symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction.
 Findings: After a thorough review of the literature, we document that ours is the second report of trichobezoar causing small intestinal obstruction in a 3-year-old child. At laparotomy, a 25 cm long trichobezoar was removed from the ileum with an enterotomy.
 Recommendations: Although it is a rare and unusual cause of isolated small bowel obstruction but with prompt diagnosis and timely intervention the outcome is excellent.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 6-year-old girl presented with a 2-month history of sudden onset, painless, progressively increasing bilateral proptosis, palpable lymphadenopathy and skin pallor. A full blood count showed bicytopenia and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was raised. Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement. The bone marrow biopsy was consistent with M2 acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The patient received symptomatic treatment and was sent to pediatric oncologist for induction chemotherapy and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) protocol. Bilateral proptosis is a rare manifestation of several diseases. This case report emphasizes on the low threshold for hematological malignancies in the presentation of bilateral proptosis. Ophthalmologists should be cognizant of the unusual ophthalmic manifestations of haematological malignancies, as they are a diagnostic challenge but knowledge about the rare extramedullary manifestations of AML facilitates early diagnosis and thereby improves prognosis.
Categories: Ophthalmology, Pediatrics, Hematology
{"title":"Approach to a Child with Bilateral Proptosis as a Rare Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","authors":"Shafiq Tanveer, Maryum Khilji, Rao Hassan, Safina Tanveer, Ayesha Khilji","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1600","url":null,"abstract":"A 6-year-old girl presented with a 2-month history of sudden onset, painless, progressively increasing bilateral proptosis, palpable lymphadenopathy and skin pallor. A full blood count showed bicytopenia and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was raised. Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement. The bone marrow biopsy was consistent with M2 acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The patient received symptomatic treatment and was sent to pediatric oncologist for induction chemotherapy and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) protocol. Bilateral proptosis is a rare manifestation of several diseases. This case report emphasizes on the low threshold for hematological malignancies in the presentation of bilateral proptosis. Ophthalmologists should be cognizant of the unusual ophthalmic manifestations of haematological malignancies, as they are a diagnostic challenge but knowledge about the rare extramedullary manifestations of AML facilitates early diagnosis and thereby improves prognosis.
 Categories: Ophthalmology, Pediatrics, Hematology","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135829932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Iliotibial band tightness can raise the risk of injury by altering biomechanics. ITB tightness leads to abnormal patellar alignment and tracking and causes pain and several other problems. To assess the frequency of iliotibial band tightness and its relation with anterior knee pain in health-care workers
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional research conducted from September 2021 to February 2022. Sample size of the study was 210. Study settings included the government and private hospitals of Faisalabad. In order to recruit healthcare providers, a convenient sampling technique was utilized. Inclusion criteria of the study were both male and female healthcare workers of age between 21 to 45 years working from at least 2 years. Ober's test was used to determine the tightness of the IT band. The anterior knee pain was evaluated by numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Data was analyzed and interpreted by SPSS version 25. Data was presented in forms of tables and charts.
Findings: Out of 210 subjects, 64.76% were men and 35.23% were women. Iliotibial tightness was found to be present in 110(52.38%). On NPRS, 100(47.61%) participants reported mild to moderate pain and 30(14.28%) reported severe to worst pain in the anterior knee. Chi-square tests shows a statistical significant association (p<0.05) between iliotibial band and anterior knee pain.
Recommendations: In conclusion, iliotibial tightness was found to be present in 52.38% of the health workers. Results of the study showed that anterior knee pain occurs in iliotibial band tightness. This study, grounded in biomechanical and anatomical theories, demonstrated a significant association between iliotibial band tightness and anterior knee pain. Healthcare workers should focus on proper body biomechanics and incorporate regular muscle stretching in their routine to prevent the muscle tightness and associated problems.
{"title":"Frequency of Iliotibial Band Tightness and Its Association with Anterior Knee Pain in Healthcare Workers","authors":"Khushboo Humayun, Daniyal Siddiqi, Irtasam Ahmad, Saira Ajmal, Ayesha Iftikhar, Hafiz Maqsood, Kaiynat Shafique, Tamjeed Ghaffar","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1599","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Iliotibial band tightness can raise the risk of injury by altering biomechanics. ITB tightness leads to abnormal patellar alignment and tracking and causes pain and several other problems. To assess the frequency of iliotibial band tightness and its relation with anterior knee pain in health-care workers
 Methodology: It was a cross-sectional research conducted from September 2021 to February 2022. Sample size of the study was 210. Study settings included the government and private hospitals of Faisalabad. In order to recruit healthcare providers, a convenient sampling technique was utilized. Inclusion criteria of the study were both male and female healthcare workers of age between 21 to 45 years working from at least 2 years. Ober's test was used to determine the tightness of the IT band. The anterior knee pain was evaluated by numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Data was analyzed and interpreted by SPSS version 25. Data was presented in forms of tables and charts.
 Findings: Out of 210 subjects, 64.76% were men and 35.23% were women. Iliotibial tightness was found to be present in 110(52.38%). On NPRS, 100(47.61%) participants reported mild to moderate pain and 30(14.28%) reported severe to worst pain in the anterior knee. Chi-square tests shows a statistical significant association (p<0.05) between iliotibial band and anterior knee pain.
 Recommendations: In conclusion, iliotibial tightness was found to be present in 52.38% of the health workers. Results of the study showed that anterior knee pain occurs in iliotibial band tightness. This study, grounded in biomechanical and anatomical theories, demonstrated a significant association between iliotibial band tightness and anterior knee pain. Healthcare workers should focus on proper body biomechanics and incorporate regular muscle stretching in their routine to prevent the muscle tightness and associated problems.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Determine the hip flexors shortening in individuals with low back pain.
Methodology: It was descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 255 participants were included according to the selection criteria. Non-probability sampling technique was used to select participants. Inclusion criteria of the study were the patients of age between 18 to 65 years having low back pain from a period of 3 months or more. Exclusion criteria were the individuals with history of spinal trauma, joint dysfunction in past 3 months, any congenital deformity in hip or lumbar region, any history of fracture in related joints in previous 6 months and history of abdominal, hip or lumbar surgery in previous 3 months. Study settings include OPD of DHQ hospital, Gujranwala and Physical therapy department of Gondal hospital, Gujranwala. Study was completed within 4 month. Thomas test was used to assess hip flexors shortening. A structured questionnaire was used to collect participants’ relevant data. Data was analysed by SPSS version 20.
Findings: Mean age of the patients was 40.10±12.31 and mean body mass index was 27.44±6.10. Out of 255 patients, 35.7% were male and 64.3% were females. 64.3% participants were housewife, 20.8% were labour and 14.9% were worker. Thomas test was found to be positive in 63.5% patients of low back pain and negative in 36.5% patients. Chi square shows that (p>0.05) there was no significant association between participants’ gender and the results of Thomas test. But a statistically significant association was found between gender and occupation (p<0.05).
Recommendations: In conclusion, hip flexor shortening was prevalent in patients of low back pain. The prevalence of hip flexor muscles shortening was found to be 63.5%. There was no statistical significant association of participants’ gender with hip flexor shortening. However, statistical significant association was found between gender and occupation of the participant with low back pain. The relationship of hip flexor shortening with various conditions should be evaluated in future research with a bigger sample size, diverse populations, and different age groups. It is suggested that future research look at the prevalence of hip flexor shortening in those without LBP. To stop people's muscles from shortening in general, several awareness programmes for posture advice and muscle stretching practices should be set up.
目的:确定下腰痛患者髋屈肌缩短情况。
方法:采用描述性横断面研究。根据评选标准，共有255人入选。采用非概率抽样技术选择参与者。该研究的纳入标准是年龄在18至65岁之间，腰痛持续3个月或更长时间的患者。排除标准为:过去3个月有脊柱外伤史、关节功能障碍史、髋关节或腰椎先天性畸形史、过去6个月有相关关节骨折史、过去3个月有腹部、髋关节或腰椎手术史。研究环境包括古吉兰瓦拉DHQ医院的门诊和古吉兰瓦拉Gondal医院的物理治疗科。研究在4个月内完成。托马斯试验用于评估髋屈肌缩短。采用结构化问卷收集参与者的相关数据。数据分析采用SPSS version 20.
结果:患者平均年龄40.10±12.31岁，平均体重指数27.44±6.10。255例患者中男性占35.7%，女性占64.3%。64.3%的受访者为家庭主妇，20.8%为劳工，14.9%为工人。63.5%的腰痛患者thomastest阳性，36.5%的腰痛患者thomastest阴性。卡方分析显示(p>0.05)被试性别与Thomas检验结果无显著相关。但性别与职业之间存在统计学上显著的关联(p<0.05)。建议:总之，髋屈肌缩短在腰痛患者中很普遍。髋屈肌缩短的发生率为63.5%。参与者的性别与髋屈肌缩短没有统计学上的显著关联。然而，腰痛患者的性别和职业之间存在显著的统计学关联。髋屈肌缩短与各种疾病的关系应在未来更大样本量、不同人群和不同年龄组的研究中进行评估。建议未来的研究着眼于无腰痛患者髋屈肌缩短的患病率。为了防止人们的肌肉普遍缩短，应该建立一些姿势建议和肌肉拉伸练习的意识项目。
{"title":"Hip Flexors Shortening among Patients with Low Back Pain","authors":"Amen Shahid, Faryal Kashif, Faiza Asghar, Farooq Islam, Asim Raza","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1598","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Determine the hip flexors shortening in individuals with low back pain.
 Methodology: It was descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 255 participants were included according to the selection criteria. Non-probability sampling technique was used to select participants. Inclusion criteria of the study were the patients of age between 18 to 65 years having low back pain from a period of 3 months or more. Exclusion criteria were the individuals with history of spinal trauma, joint dysfunction in past 3 months, any congenital deformity in hip or lumbar region, any history of fracture in related joints in previous 6 months and history of abdominal, hip or lumbar surgery in previous 3 months. Study settings include OPD of DHQ hospital, Gujranwala and Physical therapy department of Gondal hospital, Gujranwala. Study was completed within 4 month. Thomas test was used to assess hip flexors shortening. A structured questionnaire was used to collect participants’ relevant data. Data was analysed by SPSS version 20.
 Findings: Mean age of the patients was 40.10±12.31 and mean body mass index was 27.44±6.10. Out of 255 patients, 35.7% were male and 64.3% were females. 64.3% participants were housewife, 20.8% were labour and 14.9% were worker. Thomas test was found to be positive in 63.5% patients of low back pain and negative in 36.5% patients. Chi square shows that (p>0.05) there was no significant association between participants’ gender and the results of Thomas test. But a statistically significant association was found between gender and occupation (p<0.05).
 Recommendations: In conclusion, hip flexor shortening was prevalent in patients of low back pain. The prevalence of hip flexor muscles shortening was found to be 63.5%. There was no statistical significant association of participants’ gender with hip flexor shortening. However, statistical significant association was found between gender and occupation of the participant with low back pain. The relationship of hip flexor shortening with various conditions should be evaluated in future research with a bigger sample size, diverse populations, and different age groups. It is suggested that future research look at the prevalence of hip flexor shortening in those without LBP. To stop people's muscles from shortening in general, several awareness programmes for posture advice and muscle stretching practices should be set up.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Almheiri, Amna Alhammadi, Fatima AlShehhi, Asma Mohammad, Rodha Alshamsi, Khaled Alzaman, Saima Jabeen, Burhan Haq
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder caused by high blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production in pancreatic β-cells. Due to its fastest-growing public health concerns worldwide, it is important to evaluate metabolic profile abnormalities before pre-diabetes or T2DM to anticipate and prevent disease progression. The purpose of the study was to examine the metabolite biomarkers by systematic review and meta-analysis to support early detection of pre-diabetes and T2DM.
Methodology: Studies published from the earliest online through May 31, 2023, were searched in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus. Article titles, abstracts, and complete texts were reviewed after duplicate records were eliminated. Two writers (Long and Yang) created the following inclusion criteria for the publications before literature screening: The study was conducted on humans, did not involve gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), or subjects under 18 years old, included a diabetic or prediabetes group, and followed international diagnostic guidelines (American Diabetes Association, 2013).
Findings: The study aimed to review the biomarkers that have been utilized for diabetes in previous research. The comparison of the biomarkers mentioned in the provided information revealed a complex interplay of factors influencing the risk and management of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These biomarkers encompass genetic, lifestyle, environmental, and insulin-related factors, each with varying degrees of accuracy and specificity in predicting T2D risk or guiding its management.
Recommendations: The research will help in spreading awareness among people regarding the identification of diabetes as understanding biomarker-based screening's economic impact can inform healthcare policies. Future studies should validate these biomarkers' diagnostic capacities across varied populations and circumstances. Assessment of these biomarkers' predictive usefulness should be done over time via longitudinal research. Understanding biomarker alterations and diabetes progression improves risk prediction.
{"title":"Biomarkers for Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Associated Complications","authors":"Ali Almheiri, Amna Alhammadi, Fatima AlShehhi, Asma Mohammad, Rodha Alshamsi, Khaled Alzaman, Saima Jabeen, Burhan Haq","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1592","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder caused by high blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production in pancreatic β-cells. Due to its fastest-growing public health concerns worldwide, it is important to evaluate metabolic profile abnormalities before pre-diabetes or T2DM to anticipate and prevent disease progression. The purpose of the study was to examine the metabolite biomarkers by systematic review and meta-analysis to support early detection of pre-diabetes and T2DM.
 Methodology: Studies published from the earliest online through May 31, 2023, were searched in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus. Article titles, abstracts, and complete texts were reviewed after duplicate records were eliminated. Two writers (Long and Yang) created the following inclusion criteria for the publications before literature screening: The study was conducted on humans, did not involve gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), or subjects under 18 years old, included a diabetic or prediabetes group, and followed international diagnostic guidelines (American Diabetes Association, 2013).
 Findings: The study aimed to review the biomarkers that have been utilized for diabetes in previous research. The comparison of the biomarkers mentioned in the provided information revealed a complex interplay of factors influencing the risk and management of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These biomarkers encompass genetic, lifestyle, environmental, and insulin-related factors, each with varying degrees of accuracy and specificity in predicting T2D risk or guiding its management.
 Recommendations: The research will help in spreading awareness among people regarding the identification of diabetes as understanding biomarker-based screening's economic impact can inform healthcare policies. Future studies should validate these biomarkers' diagnostic capacities across varied populations and circumstances. Assessment of these biomarkers' predictive usefulness should be done over time via longitudinal research. Understanding biomarker alterations and diabetes progression improves risk prediction.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: De Quervain's Tenosynovitis is inflammation of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons that run from the side of the wrist to the base of the thumb. To see the frequency of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis and work related risk factors in tailors of Multan, Pakistan
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. Sample size of the research was 246. Study was conducted at the city of Pakistan, Multan. Inclusion criteria of the study were tailors of age between twenty to fifty years having experience of more than 3 years. Data was collected to the selected population, through convenient sampling technique. Duration of the study was 8 months. Outcome measures of the study were Finkelstein test, Visual analogue scale and a structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25.
Findings: Out of 246 participants, 72.3% were males and 27.6% were females. Prevalence of De Quervain's Tenosynovitis was found to be 64% in tailors of Multan through Finkelstein test. 25.6% of the participants had moderate, while 22.3% had extreme discomfort in lower back. 35.3% reported to have mild discomfort in arms. 52.4% had mild to moderate discomfort in wrist or hand. 19.91% reported not to have an enough space for work. 44.30% did not have adjustable chairs. 69.91% reported to have no back rest while sewing, 63% reported unavailability of foot rest and 64.63% had no arm rest while sewing.
Recommendations: De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis is prevalent in tailors of Multan, Pakistan. Work-related discomfort was found in various regions of body including eyes, neck, shoulders, arms, wrist and hand. Chairs with no adjustable height, unavailability of arm and foot rest and no back support were associated work related risk factors in tailors.
{"title":"Prevalence of De-Quervain’s Tenosynovitis in Tailors of Multan (Punjab)","authors":"Rabia Khan, Babar Ali, Zulaikha Saif, Faisal Ishfaq, Athar Saeed, Sheeza Rubab, Shahbaz Khizar","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1590","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: De Quervain's Tenosynovitis is inflammation of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons that run from the side of the wrist to the base of the thumb. To see the frequency of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis and work related risk factors in tailors of Multan, Pakistan
 Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. Sample size of the research was 246. Study was conducted at the city of Pakistan, Multan. Inclusion criteria of the study were tailors of age between twenty to fifty years having experience of more than 3 years. Data was collected to the selected population, through convenient sampling technique. Duration of the study was 8 months. Outcome measures of the study were Finkelstein test, Visual analogue scale and a structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25.
 Findings: Out of 246 participants, 72.3% were males and 27.6% were females. Prevalence of De Quervain's Tenosynovitis was found to be 64% in tailors of Multan through Finkelstein test. 25.6% of the participants had moderate, while 22.3% had extreme discomfort in lower back. 35.3% reported to have mild discomfort in arms. 52.4% had mild to moderate discomfort in wrist or hand. 19.91% reported not to have an enough space for work. 44.30% did not have adjustable chairs. 69.91% reported to have no back rest while sewing, 63% reported unavailability of foot rest and 64.63% had no arm rest while sewing.
 Recommendations: De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis is prevalent in tailors of Multan, Pakistan. Work-related discomfort was found in various regions of body including eyes, neck, shoulders, arms, wrist and hand. Chairs with no adjustable height, unavailability of arm and foot rest and no back support were associated work related risk factors in tailors.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosemary O. Iriowen, Temituoyo F. Edema, Victor O. Dike, Taiwo I. Ogundipe, Ifeoluwa O. Oluwatowoju, Bright C. Nwatamole, Ogochukwu A. Okonkwo, Okelue E. Okobi
Purpose: Currently, a significant portion of the US population has been impacted by diabetes, and alongside it, heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rates are on the rise. Recent research has highlighted the potential of antidiabetic medications to extend beyond diabetes management. This literature review is aimed at exploring the evolving roles of GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones. It specifically investigates their applications in cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and NAFLD. As a novel therapeutic approach, their application could reshape treatment strategies for interconnected metabolic disorders, offering a new horizon in patient care.
Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar for English-language studies published in the United States and Canada between January 1st, 2013, and August 31st, 2023 focusing on trials involving GLP-1RA, SGLT-2i, and thiazolidinediones therapy.
Findings: In our study, GLP-1 receptor agonists emerged as multifaceted pharmaceutical agents, showcasing improvements in cardiovascular disease outcomes, nephroprotective effects, substantial efficacy in obesity management, and promising prospects in addressing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Additionally, thiazolidinediones displayed effectiveness in the management of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), while metformin exhibited notable benefits in PCOS management. Furthermore, Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors demonstrated remarkable advancements, particularly in terms of cardiovascular and renal benefits. Our findings emphasize the diverse and evolving applications of diabetic medications in addressing a wide range of chronic medical conditions, ultimately leading to enhanced patient care and improved outcomes.
Recommendations: We recommend that healthcare practitioners carefully consider the expanded utility of these medications beyond their conventional diabetic indications and explore their integration into treatment strategies for the indicated medical conditions. This should be done while thoughtfully weighing the associated risks and benefits to ensure the most effective and safe patient care possible.
{"title":"Exploring the Use of Diabetic Medications for Non-Diabetic Conditions: A Comprehensive Literature Review","authors":"Rosemary O. Iriowen, Temituoyo F. Edema, Victor O. Dike, Taiwo I. Ogundipe, Ifeoluwa O. Oluwatowoju, Bright C. Nwatamole, Ogochukwu A. Okonkwo, Okelue E. Okobi","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1586","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Currently, a significant portion of the US population has been impacted by diabetes, and alongside it, heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rates are on the rise. Recent research has highlighted the potential of antidiabetic medications to extend beyond diabetes management. This literature review is aimed at exploring the evolving roles of GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones. It specifically investigates their applications in cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and NAFLD. As a novel therapeutic approach, their application could reshape treatment strategies for interconnected metabolic disorders, offering a new horizon in patient care.
 Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar for English-language studies published in the United States and Canada between January 1st, 2013, and August 31st, 2023 focusing on trials involving GLP-1RA, SGLT-2i, and thiazolidinediones therapy. 
 Findings: In our study, GLP-1 receptor agonists emerged as multifaceted pharmaceutical agents, showcasing improvements in cardiovascular disease outcomes, nephroprotective effects, substantial efficacy in obesity management, and promising prospects in addressing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Additionally, thiazolidinediones displayed effectiveness in the management of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), while metformin exhibited notable benefits in PCOS management. Furthermore, Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors demonstrated remarkable advancements, particularly in terms of cardiovascular and renal benefits. Our findings emphasize the diverse and evolving applications of diabetic medications in addressing a wide range of chronic medical conditions, ultimately leading to enhanced patient care and improved outcomes.
 Recommendations: We recommend that healthcare practitioners carefully consider the expanded utility of these medications beyond their conventional diabetic indications and explore their integration into treatment strategies for the indicated medical conditions. This should be done while thoughtfully weighing the associated risks and benefits to ensure the most effective and safe patient care possible.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136309608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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