Zeitschrift fur Urologie und Nephrologie最新文献

In honour the life of the important occultist and barber Johann Andreas Eisenbarth (1663-1727) is described. His name lives over the centuries in songs and romans and represented the traditional poor type of contemporary surgeons. But in the last decades this picture have been revised by research. In a short review of his life way these new therapeutic measures are presented. His therapeutic work in difference of his colleagues is described.

In 111 patient suffering from calcium oxalate lithiasis more than 168 citrate and calcium analyses have been performed in 24 hour urine. In 69 patients with a single stone episode no significant difference of citrate concentration was found in comparison with 63 healthy volunteers. However, in 42 recurrent stone formers was the citrate concentration significantly diminished (p less than 0.005). The calcium/citrate ratio was in recurrent stone formers markedly higher (5.19 +/- 8.6) than in patients with a single stone episode (3.34 +/- 4.9). However, because great deviation of citrate values the calcium/citrate ratio may not be suitable for evaluation of stone formation risk.

Three calculation methods to estimation of the total clearance of dialysis patients are evaluated. The basis of calculation are concentration values of urea in blood versus dialysate. The variation coefficient of the measurement errors is 5 percent. The error formation in three estimation formulas is examined. The formula [formula: see text] is most suitable, if as evaluation criteria the variation coefficient of the estimation error are used. The parameters like dialysate flow, blood flow, ultrafiltration rate and dialysate volume are of relative value.

In a retrospective study of 116 patients with acute renal failure treated by hemodialysis the prognostic value of various clinical data was evaluated by discriminant analysis. With a letality of 73.6% the patient survival was dependent on the frequency of associated organ disorders. The following order was prognostical important: respiratory insufficiency, age, cardio-vascular complications and infection or sepsis. Other problems like gastrointestinal complications, coagulation disorders and hepatic failure were without significant value.

Vascular and inflammatory causes of ureteral obstruction may be difficult in diagnosis and are recognized often too late. Symptoms, diagnostic approach and therapeutic measures are described in detail.

The estimation of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used as heterogenic solid-phase assay. A monoclonal antibody directed against the human secretoric part and a peroxidase-marked anti-IgA serum may mediate the reaction. The test was evaluated on urine of 59 healthy children aged from 0-14 years. An age-dependent increase of sIgA concentration (mg/l) and excretion up to the 6th months of life was found. Thereafter the concentration did reach a constant value of 0.5 mg/l sIgA and 0.4 mg sIgA/g creatinine, respectively. The normal values may follow a logarithmic distribution. The presented method is highly sensitive, simple and safe.

In 182 patients suffering from bioptical-proved and functional adapted chronic glomerulonephritis the relation between clinical course, morphological type and progression of disease has been evaluated. The presented results show a significant relation between the clinical course of chronic glomerulonephritis and the progression trend of this disease. The early finding of sclerotic changes may follow a benign course of the disease.

Earlier analyses of autopsy material may show no or only slight increase of renal cancer. However, in Scotland and Connecticut a significantly rise of male renal cell carcinoma was found. Since 1966 in the autopsy material of the area Rügen--Stralsund the frequency of female renal cell cancer have been significantly increased. In these cases the simultaneous occurrence of diabetes mellitus and earlier cholecystectomy is slightly elevated.