Journal of medical and veterinary mycology : bi-monthly publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology最新文献

A case is reported in a 9-year-old Anglo-Arab horse with guttural pouch mycosis caused by Emericella nidulans. Acute death occurred by exsanguination following erosion of the external carotid artery. Histopathological examination of the mycotic plaque demonstrated septate hyphae, conidial heads, hülle cells and mature cleistothecia containing characteristic ascospores. Specific identification was confirmed by culture. In accordance with previous reports, Emericella nidulans should be considered as the major agent of guttural pouch mycosis in Equidae.

Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus spp., Bipolaris spicifera, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum nigrum and Fusarium solani were isolated repeatedly from groups of patients among 96 diagnosed with allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS). Epicoccum nigrum was obtained consistently from four patients, one of whom yielded mycelial masses consistent in morphology with E. nigrum. Fifteen of the predominant fungi recovered from air samples from selected patients' residences included the same species isolated from the mucin of its inhabitants. Air samples from other buildings, whose occupants (non-AFS individuals) complained of poor indoor air quality or of symptoms of the sick building syndrome (SBS), yielded some of the same species involved in AFS. An association of SBS with AFS was not established. Eight of the species implicated in AFS were found to colonize the surfaces of indoor construction and finishing materials at sites other than the residence of the patient. To our knowledge, this is the first report that E. nigrum can colonize nasal sinuses and cause AFS.

Onychocola canadensis is a recently recognized cause of human nail infection. We present the first four cases of onychomycosis caused by this organism among patients resident in the UK.

Mice treated with cyclophosphamide were infected intravenously with titrated doses of Trichosporon asahii TIMM3140 or TIMM3144. Mortality and survival time correlated with inoculum size and fungal growth was found in the lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and brain. Fluconazole and amphotericin B prolonged survival time and reduced the CFU in the kidney, with fluconazole being superior to amphotericin B. The serum level of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan was reduced by antifungal therapy and correlated well with the CFU/organ in kidney, but not CFU/ml in blood.

We present a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladophialophora bantiana in an apparently immunocompetent patient with a history of intravenous drug use. The diagnosis was achieved in specimens obtained at necropsy by histological and mycological examination, with subsequent identification of the isolate in culture.

Genetic relatedness of 10 strains of opportunistic human pathogenic fungi in the genera Pseudallescheria and Scedosporium and related fungi including Petriella setifera, Graphium tectonae and Ceratocystis fimbriata, were tested by sequencing the entire SSU rDNA. From these molecular data, the imperfect genus Scedosporium can be divided in two, S. prolificans being separable from the S. apiospermum complex. Nearest sexual relatives of S. prolificans seem to be in the microascalean genus Petriella. Strains of Ps. boydii and S. apiospermum, although differing by their previously known DNA/DNA reassociation values, were not separable from each other once a 380 nucleotide long insertion had been removed from the sequence of the two S. apiospermum strains tested. The SSU rDNA of Ps. ellipsoidea is identical to that of Ps. boydii. Fungi which have been known to have Graphium anamorphs can be divided in at least three groups, one of which is related to Petriella and includes Graphium tectonae.