Deutsche Stomatologie (Berlin, Germany : 1990)最新文献

The clinical aspects, etiology, pathogenesis and classification of dental erosions are reviewed. Individual susceptibility or resistance to erosive damage has been attributed to variations in the quality and quantity of saliva. A lot of medicaments reduce the salivary secretion. Under the influence of acids, in particular of fruit acids, the peripheral tooth surface are demineralized in the absence of dental plaque. The citrus juices showed potentially the worst dental properties. Abrasive brushing techniques and functional influences wear down the already damaged layer of tooth surfaces.

Tooth surface loss by erosion presents a challenge to the general practioner in terms of identification of patients at risk, diagnostic investigation and early therapy. The guidelines contain advice for changing the food habits and behaviour in oral hygiene. Patients, who prefer erosive products (fruits, juice, cola) or who vomit should use a bicarbonate mouthrinse to neutralize the acid. The spectrum of therapy reachs of simple fillings with glassionomer cements and composites to comprehensive crown therapy. Several particularities in the psychological care of patients with eating disorders are described.

Clinical experiences of the last years have shown that the success of dental implantation is mainly determined by exact indication, correct therapy planning, tissue saving implantation, periodontal prophylactic form of suprastructure and an optimal recallsystem for oral hygienics.

The content of fluorine in deciduous and permanent teeth of young people was determined by x-ray microanalysis. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the concentrations of F in teeth without any supplementation of fluorides and to elaborate basic dates as a standard of comparison. F was measured in microvolumes with a wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (Step-Scan 100 sec) after coating with about 300 A of Carbon. The highest values were established in the outermost surface of enamel with quantities between 300 and 600 micrograms/g. The lower concentrations were found in deciduouns teeth. In both dentitions the F-content increases at the surface following the permanent change between de- and remineralization. In subsurface areas the values are decreasing quickly. At a deep of 10 microns from surface layer the content is only 70 micrograms/g and than it declines to a minimum of 20-30 micrograms/g.

We examined the influence of an aminefluoride/stannous fluoride-containing gel (250 ppm F-) on the anaerobic metabolism of oral microorganisms in saliva specimens of 22 adult probands. A long lasting inhibition of the bacterial metabolism could be demonstrated.

In orthognathic surgery the Le Fort I osteotomy changes the structure of motion of the mandible. This structure and its changes could reliably and quantitatively be described if it was evaluated by a projection of the mandibular movement upon a couple's movement in a gearing system. The comparison of Le Fort I cases with orthodontically treated class-I-cases shows significant differences.

Repeated professional removal of plaque and tooth-stone by means of deep scaling and root planning is able to avoid a further progression of marginal periodontitis. This therapeutical measures lead to changes in the bacterial composition of subgingival plaque. Important bacteria for the etiology of periodontitis are reduced. 8-12 weeks after therapy the recolonization of the complex periodontitis flora is finished. Therefore a repeated subgingival scaling is necessary to make the treatment successful.

It is possible to operate painless in outpatients with for smaller local anesthetic doses as till now usually. Clinical examinations showed that 1-1.5 ml of the 2% Xylocitin Solution with 0.001% epinephrine are enough. The increase of the local anesthetic dose causes no anesthetic intensification but a prolongation of the anesthesia. Further is the avoidance of the stress situations for the patient by a accentuated psychical management necessary.

The use of Keramail (Keradenta/Wilde GmbH Radeberg) for fusing silicatic layers to metallic frameworks in a preheating furnace and the later on silianizing in order to bond teeth coloured veneering materials has proved laboratory and chemically. On the base of shearing tests with selected precious and non precious alloys the good bonding strength of this bonding system in comparison with the Silicoater-system is shown.

With more than 10,000 unused latex specimens being tested our investigation into the imperviousness of medical gloves claims to be the most extensive one on user's side. The results allow the conclusion, that the quality level grew better within the last three years, especially the non-sterile examination gloves improved remarkably. Although there was a general retrogradation in the number of perforations, we found a relative increase in the area of the thumbs, index- and middle fingers--the main examination fingers.