Deutsche Stomatologie (Berlin, Germany : 1990)最新文献

The paper gives an account of the variations of the cemento-enamel borderline. Till now, the most studies were conducted on ground sections. Only a few descriptions of the relationship between enamel and cementum along the circumferential junction can be find. The authors described 5 variations which were discussed: cementum meets enamel, cementum fails to meet enamel, cementum overlaps enamel, enamel overlaps cementum, undertermined type. These observations show the unpredictable variability of enamel-cementum junction. It should be noted that the relationship is not constant along the circumferential crown root demarcation line.

In the past few years, the caries research has reached a level for an effective prevention, that in Switzerland has been practiced already for 25-30 years. The results are conclusive and today I will show that the caries rate has been dramatically deduced. An adequate and regular fluoride delivery is the basis for an effective caries prevention. Also other important measures are optimal oral hygiene and a proper nutritional diet. In Switzerland, we are coming close to the two goals for the 5 year olds and for the 12 year olds set by WHO for the year 2000 for healthy teeth. In many Swiss communities, these two goals have already been reached. It seems that with group-prophylaxis, no noticeable improvement has been made against gingivitis. Group-prophylaxis begins in Kindergarten (ca. 4 years olds) and extends to the four years of ground school education. On entering the middle school level (ca. 11 year olds), the patient leaves the group-prophylaxis and receives individual prophylaxis instruction. Also, the substance matter changes from caries prophylaxis to gingivitis-prophylaxis. Carrying out the program are private local dentist through contract arrangements or the canton school dental clinic. The dentist delegates the prophylaxis program to specially trained personnel. Public enterprise finances the prophylaxis measurements in its entirety. Today there is a small group of patients showing a large susceptibility to caries. Certain prophylaxis test today demonstrate these risk factors. The caries risk is already from the mother or other persons in contact with the child at the Kindergarten age, or at the latest, at the time the child enters school.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A review from literature is given to problems of osseointegration of implants, to the biologic host defensive mechanism against plaque accumulation in the marginal region of osseointegrated implants as well as to problems of functional occlusal stress of such implants. Results of an investigation at IMZ-implants are integrated in the discussion: size of plaque accumulation, quality of subgingival plaque (dark field microscopy), bleeding on probing, pocket depth, correlation between these clinical signs.

In advanced periodontal diseases, where the root surface a longer time is exposed to the oral environment, retaining of teeth is only possible through de novo-attachment of the periodontal ligament on the diseased root surface. Even when surgical reconstruction of the alveolar bone is successful, connective tissue fibers fail to attach to the affected dental cementum. Patients with two- and three wall pockets can be successfully treated by Nymans method of guided tissue regeneration. However the restoration of the dental attachment apparatus in cases with advanced horizontal destruction of the alveolar bone is still an unsolved problem of periodontal therapy. Investigations of an artificial attachment support will be presented. A synthetic felt glued onto the root surface with special dental adhesives shall obtain the necessary support reattachment of the connective tissue fibers at the periodontitis affect root.

In this study the clenching force was measured, which 12 patients used, while the needle-point tracing was in progress. The patients were not instructed about the measurement. The results show, that 10 of 12 test persons used higher clenching forces, when they had to do border movements according to verbal instructions then when doing free movements of the mandibula. All test persons showed peaks in the level of the clenching force, which were clinically accompanied with swallowing.

31 renal transplant patients with Cyclosporin-A-Medication were dental discussed. Half of the patients showed gingival hyperplasia in the anterior region of the maxilla after different time of medication. A relation between gingival hyperplasia, age and sex could'nt be seen. Two stomatitis were presented. The oral hygiene and the parodontal statement before the transplantation influenced the formation of gingival hyperplasia. At time it seems, that Nifedipin has no influence on the formation of gingival hyperplasia. We recommend a extensive research with a long list of patients. A patient with a voluminous hyperplasia was discussed.

In a post-treatment study 50 apicoectomized teeth in 34 patients being treated with apical titanium cones between 1988 and 1990 were registered. After a mean postoperative observation period of 15.3 months, 42 teeth were still in situ and subjected to clinical and radiographical evaluations. Their mobility was measured by the periotest method. A resulting 84% success rate demonstrates the technique to be suitable to safeguard a prolonged lifetime of severe damaged teeth by use of conical pins which guarantee a perfect closing at neoapex.

With a clinical case report of a benign cementoblastoma of a 32 year old female patient which led on the one hand to a resorption of the distal root of the tooth 46 and on the other to a painful myoarthropatic syndrome, the clinical, histological and radiological aspects of the 51 in the literature described cases are discussed under the point of differential-diagnoses.

The average caries prevalence for first year pupils in secondary schools (Hauptschulen and Gymnasien) was 3.2 DMFT and 5.8 DMFS. The corresponding values for fourth year pupils were 6.4 DMFT and 12.4 DMFS. The proportion of children with at least one extracted first molar was 9.2%. Significant differences were observed between the two schooltypes. The periodontal assessment showed pocket depth greater than 3 mm in at least one molar in 42% of the fourth year children. Only 3-4% of those examined had sealed fissures. Carles prevalence in Styrian children is considerably higher than reported for other countries. It therefore appears necessary to intensify dental health in this age group.

The nickel solubility of 7 different nickel-alloys was tested in vivo and in vitro. The results revealed that the solubility of the alloys, after encasing them in lactic-acid solution of pH 4.2 for a period of seven days, allows to find out those alloys, which will also clinically dissolve small amounts of ions only. The Ni59-65Cr26-23Mo11-9 mass per cent alloys dissolved the smallest quantities of nickel in the in vitro and the in vivo tests and are therefore recommended for clinical use instead of the type Ni74-85Cr15-13Mo5-3 alloys.