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[Prevention of secondary cataract by intracapsular administration of the antimitotic daunomycin]. [抗有丝分裂黄霉素囊内应用预防继发性白内障]。
C Hartmann, P Wiedemann, K Gothe, M Weller, K Heimann

Pharmacological inhibition of capsule opacification e.g. using antimitotics such as daunomycin is a promising concept. Our own in vitro studies on cultured porcine lens epithelial cells have shown, that daunomycin penetrates the cells within at least 5 minutes. It possesses a low acute cytotoxicity and significantly inhibits epithelial cell proliferation at dose dependent concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 7.5 mg/l. In addition, in vitro studies on isolated pig corneas showed almost no corneal endothelial toxicity. After 10 resp. 30 min. exposure to 7.5 mg/l daunomycin, there was only 4.8 +/- 1.6 resp. 6.1 +/- 1.5% endothelial damage that dit not significantly differ from BSS serving as control. Encouraged by our clinical experience of good anterior segment tolerance of 7.5 mg/l daunomycin when used during vitrectomy in PVR, we started a prospective clinical trial to assess the effect to daunomycin on capsular opacification after ECCE with endo-capsular IOL implantation using the envelope technique. After agreement of the medical ethic commission we chose 6 patients with a mean age of 78 (72-83), no other ocular or general diseases and bilateral cataract of identical morphology and density. After written consent of the patients their first eye was operated using BSS as control. At least 4 weeks later the second eye was operated and received 0.5 ml of daunomycin (7.5 mg/l) applied during 5 minutes into the cleaned capsular bag, leaving the anterior capsular flap and a Healon filled anterior chamber to protect the surrounding intraocular structures. Mean postoperative control time actually is 12 (6-17) months for the controls and 10 (5-14) months for the eyes treated with daunomycin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

药物抑制胶囊混浊是一个很有前途的概念,例如使用抗有丝分裂药物如道诺霉素。我们对培养的猪晶状体上皮细胞的体外研究表明,道诺霉素在至少5分钟内穿透细胞。它具有较低的急性细胞毒性,并在剂量依赖性浓度范围为2.5至7.5 mg/l时显著抑制上皮细胞增殖。此外,对离体猪角膜的体外研究显示,几乎没有角膜内皮毒性。10次后。暴露于7.5 mg/l的道诺霉素30分钟后,阳性反应率仅为4.8±1.6。6.1 +/- 1.5%内皮损伤与对照组BSS无显著差异。由于我们在PVR玻璃体切除术中使用7.5 mg/l道诺霉素具有良好的前段耐受性的临床经验,我们开始了一项前瞻性临床试验,以评估道诺霉素对采用包膜技术的ECCE合并囊内人工晶状体植入术后囊混浊的影响。经医学伦理委员会同意,我们选择6例患者,平均年龄78岁(72-83岁),无其他眼部或全身疾病,双侧白内障形态和密度相同。经患者书面同意后,以BSS作为对照,对其第一只眼进行手术。至少4周后,第二眼手术,在清洗后的囊袋内5分钟内应用0.5 ml (7.5 mg/l)道诺霉素,留下前囊瓣和Healon填充的前房,以保护周围的眼内结构。对照组术后平均控制时间为12(6-17)个月,而道诺霉素组术后平均控制时间为10(5-14)个月。(摘要删节250字)
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引用次数: 0
[Differential photo-oculography of vertical and oblique movements]. [垂直和倾斜运动的微分摄影术]。
M A Quéré, S Toucas, C Buquet, J Charlier, F Lavenant, A Pechereau

Up to now EOG has been the only method used to record ocular movements in daily practice. However such a mean has various drawbacks and limits. It has two main gaps: firstly for vertical movements because the interference discharges related with palpebral movements and blinkings; on the other hand for oblique movements because the unequal transmission of EOG potential towards the orbital rim. The differential photo-oculography perfected by Charlier et Buquet has been fitted and now can be easily used in clinical conditions. With this optical method, it exists a direct relation between the gaze direction and video signals of the eye. The authors point out the reliability of its results not only for horizontal movements, but also for vertical and oblique movements. This method allows a relevant analysis of all kinetic parameters whatever the moving axis may be.

到目前为止,EOG是日常训练中记录眼球运动的唯一方法。然而,这样的平均数有各种缺点和局限性。它有两个主要的差距:首先是垂直运动,因为干扰放电与眼睑运动和眨眼有关;另一方面,由于眼电电位向眶缘的传输不均匀,导致斜向运动。由Charlier和Buquet完善的差示摄影术已经安装,现在可以方便地在临床条件下使用。通过这种光学方法,眼睛的注视方向与视频信号之间存在直接关系。作者指出,其结果的可靠性不仅适用于水平运动,而且适用于垂直和倾斜运动。这种方法允许对所有运动参数进行相关分析,无论运动轴是什么。
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引用次数: 0
Microperfusion studies of normal retinal vessels. D-glucose transport. 正常视网膜血管的微灌注研究。葡萄糖运输。
J N Murta, I C Andrade, J G Cunha-Vaz

An experimental model was developed to study the permeability of individual retinal vessels in vitro using microperfusion techniques adapted from the kidney tubule studies. Inulin was used as the reference tracer and D-glucose as the test tracer. We found a concentration dependent flux of D-glucose from lumen to bath that increased as D-glucose concentrations in the lumen rose. The flattening of the hyperbolic curve at the higher D-glucose concentrations in the lumen appears consistent with the Michaelis-Menten equation (Km = 6 x 10(-3) M).

利用肾小管研究的微灌注技术,建立了一个实验模型来研究体外视网膜血管的通透性。以菊粉为参比示踪剂,d -葡萄糖为试验示踪剂。我们发现d -葡萄糖从管腔到培养液的浓度依赖通量随着管腔中d -葡萄糖浓度的升高而增加。在较高的d -葡萄糖浓度下,管腔内的双曲曲线变平,与Michaelis-Menten方程(Km = 6 × 10(-3) M)一致。
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引用次数: 0
[Our experience with clinical study of the eye in the near infrared region]. [我们在近红外区域对眼睛的临床研究经验]。
P Bonnin, F Launay, T Fauconnier

An instrumental setup has been developed in order to perform a quantitative clinical study of the reflectance of ocular tissues in several spectral ranges of the visible and the near infrared. The images recorded at different wavelengths are obtained nearly simultaneously from a CCD camera adapted to a retinal camera and connected to a microcomputer. The results of their analysis after processing are described. Each different type of lesion exhibits a typical spectral signature, demonstrating the value of this noninvasive extra ancillary test to help the differential diagnosis and the follow-up of choroidal tumors.

为了在可见光和近红外的几个光谱范围内对眼部组织的反射率进行定量临床研究,开发了一种仪器装置。记录在不同波长的图像几乎同时获得从一个CCD相机适应视网膜相机和连接到微型计算机。叙述了处理后的分析结果。每种不同类型的病变都表现出典型的光谱特征,证明了这种非侵入性的额外辅助测试对脉络膜肿瘤的鉴别诊断和随访的价值。
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引用次数: 0
[Mitotic effect of the pigment epithelium]. [色素上皮的有丝分裂作用]。
R M Smets, Q R Yang, A Neetens, D Vanden Berghe

The authors suggest the production by the cultured RPE cell of one or more angiogenic substances. This activity is highly increased when RPE are cultured in poor conditions, either due to a poor medium or after having been challenged by a high number of rod outer segments. The mitotic factor appears heat-labile and trypsine sensitive, but not dialysable which suggest their biochemical nature to be a protein.

作者建议通过培养的RPE细胞产生一种或多种血管生成物质。当RPE在较差的条件下培养时,这种活性会大大增加,要么是由于培养基差,要么是在受到大量杆外节的挑战之后。有丝分裂因子表现为热不稳定和胰蛋白酶敏感,但不能透析,这表明它们的生化性质是一种蛋白质。
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引用次数: 0
[In situ hybridization on tissue section: a new method for studying the amacrine cells of the retina and the centers of the visual system]. [组织切片原位杂交:研究视网膜和视觉系统中心无毛细胞的新方法]。
M Abitbol, S Dumas, J F Julien, T A Rhyner, J L Dufier, J Mallet

In situ hybridization of nucleic acid probes, encoding the key enzymes of the synthesis of neurotransmitters, with sections of retina is a new method giving complementary informations to the data obtained by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography. It will allow a better characterization of amacrin cells, whatever might be their type, and a refined understanding of their function. It is an accurate tool to investigate the mechanisms of retinal degenerations and spontaneous or experimental microphtalmia.

编码神经递质合成关键酶的核酸探针与视网膜切片的原位杂交是一种新的方法,可以为免疫细胞化学和放射自显影获得的数据提供补充信息。这将使我们能够更好地表征阿玛蛋白细胞,无论它们是什么类型,并对它们的功能有更精确的了解。它是研究视网膜变性和自发性或实验性微焰的机制的准确工具。
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引用次数: 0
[Significance of the digital image in the diagnosis and classification of macular drusen]. 【数字影像在黄斑囊肿诊断与分型中的意义】。
G Mimoun, G Soubrane, G Coscas

Macular drusen, hard or soft, have been often observed at the early stages of age-related macular degeneration. Clinically, it has been shown that soft drusen and macular subretinal new vessels are associated in a statistically significative manner. The question is to recognize and to determine drusen at greatest risk for developing choroidal neovascularization? To answer to this question, a method of digital images analysis of fluorescein angiography had been perfected. About ten eyes, preliminary results show, an objective and quantitative difference of the evolution of the grey level during the same angiogram between the different retinal structures. This method would bring a prognostic feature for the long term follow-up of patients with drusen.

黄斑变性,硬或软,已经常观察到在早期阶段的老年性黄斑变性。临床研究表明,软性水肿和黄斑视网膜下新生血管具有统计学意义。问题是如何识别并确定发生脉络膜新生血管风险最大的患者?为了回答这个问题,荧光素血管造影的数字图像分析方法得到了完善。初步结果表明,在10只眼的血管造影中,不同视网膜结构的灰度水平的演变在客观和定量上存在差异。该方法可为长期随访患者的预后提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
[Immunohistologic study of the epiretinal membranes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment with vitreo-retinal proliferation]. [增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变及视网膜脱离伴玻璃体视网膜增生的视网膜前膜的免疫组织学研究]。
C Baudouin, P Gastaud, B Gordon, P Lapalus, N G Bazan, M Righini, G A Peyman

An immunohistological study was performed in specimens of epiretinal membranes obtained during surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Using immunostaining procedures, these membranes were found to contain great amounts of immunoglobulins and complement, as well as a strong expression of class II antigens. These results confirm the involvement of auto-immune phenomena in intra-ocular proliferative diseases and the close relationship between the immune system and peptide growth factors.

对增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变或视网膜脱离合并增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变患者手术中获得的视网膜前膜标本进行了免疫组织学研究。使用免疫染色程序,发现这些膜含有大量的免疫球蛋白和补体,以及II类抗原的强烈表达。这些结果证实了自身免疫现象在眼内增生性疾病中的参与以及免疫系统与肽生长因子之间的密切关系。
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引用次数: 0
[Selection of a herpes simplex mutant virus of weak pathogenicity, sensitive to acyclovir and not susceptible to reactivation in vivo]. [选择一种致病性弱、对无环鸟苷敏感、体内不易再激活的单纯疱疹突变病毒]。
J Colin, B Jouppe, A Robinet, J M Huraux, C Chastel

From a KOS herpes simplex virus strain prepared in VERO cells we have been able to obtain after several exposures to increasing concentrations of trifluorothymidine, four resistant mutants. Among these strains, 31 T mutant was a TK-altered strain of low pathogenicity, sensible to acyclovir and did not induce recurrences. These properties might allow the use of such a strain as a living attenuated antiherpetic vaccine.

从在VERO细胞中制备的KOS单纯疱疹病毒株中,我们已经能够在多次暴露于浓度不断增加的三氟胸苷后获得四种耐药突变体。其中31株T突变株为tk变异株,致病性低,对阿昔洛韦敏感,不复发。这些特性可能允许使用这种菌株作为减毒活抗疱疹疫苗。
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引用次数: 0
[In vitro study of the effects of neodymium-YAG laser on silicone oil]. [钕钇铝石榴石激光对硅油影响的体外研究]。
P Larricart, C Pham Huy, J M Warnet, J Haut

Composition of gas generated by the utilisation of Nd-Yag laser in eyes filled with silicone oil were studied by means of an in vitro optical breakdown in silicone oil. The newly formed gas were analysed by headspace gas chromatography on two separate columns. The secondary gas were mainly methane and ethylene which might be potentially harmful to the ocular tissues.

采用硅油体外光击穿的方法,研究了Nd-Yag激光在硅油填充眼内产生的气体组成。新形成的气体用顶空气相色谱法在两个独立的色谱柱上进行分析。次生气体主要为甲烷和乙烯,对眼部组织有潜在危害。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Ophtalmologie : organe de la Societe francaise d'ophtalmologie
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