Prakticke zubni lekarstvi最新文献

The authors present a general characteristic of hepatitis B and its possible transmission at a dental department. They draw attention to the analogy in the mechanism of transmission of hepatitis B and AIDS. In the prevention they emphasize the urgency to use surgical gloves.

In the course of 10 years the authors treated 1900 patients with dentition difficilis of the third molars. They preferred extraction of the tooth. They administered antibiotics to health subjects only when the extraction of the tooth was difficult and in perimandibular inflammations and in patients where general condition called for this treatment.

The authors give an account of contemporary therapeutic procedures in stomatosurgery in patients with anticoagulant treatment and draw attention to situations where it is better to treat these patients in the central department of the health community dental surgeon.

By means of an enquiry on the standard of domiciliary dental care and hygienic habits of patients with prostheses the authors examined a total of 102 patients. They were divided into groups with natural teeth, removable dentures and fixed dentures which were their main interest. Patients with fixed dentures clean their teeth twice a day, only 18% clean their teeth for more than 2 minutes. The majority of patients prefer hard tooth-brushes. Other means than tooth paste are used by few: 36% of the patients reported massage, 7% irrigation, nobody uses a dental thread. Before prosthetic treatment 14% of the patients were examined by a periodontologist, 13% of the patients are invited to attend regular check-ups of prosthetic appliances. The hygienic standard is thus still inadequate. It is important to improve the motivation of patients for oral hygiene and intensify preventive periodontological and prosthetic cooperation.

The author describes the treatment of a tooth dislocated into soft tissues, complications which developed during extraction of a retained lower third molar.

The authors present an account of a group of 157 patients with inflammatory swellings of the lymph nodes who were treated at the surgical and dental department of the Regional Hospital with Policlinic in Banská Bystrica between March 1, 1982 and February 28, 1987. In the discussion they analyze the problem of the aetiology, incidence, diagnosis and therapy of different diseases which could help in their assessment in common dental practice.

The author discusses the reduced mechanical resistance of root inlays made from low-melting Koldan silver alloy combined with wire support. The problem is resolved by the use of a chromium-cobalt alloy without a wire nucleus. As modelling material Spofacryl 0 is used which is administered by injection.

The authors made a nation-wide investigation focused on the consumption of foreign toothpastes and their evaluation, as compared with locally produced ones. They also assessed the properties of selected foreign toothpastes according to the Czechoslovak norm by laboratory tests. The investigation related that foreign toothpastes are purchased by one quarter of the subjects where enquiries were made. The main reason for selection of a foreign toothpaste was better taste and a better sensation of fragrance. People appreciate also the attractivity packing and adequate information on the properties and composition of the toothpaste. As compared with local toothpastes, the better taste of foreign ones is emphasized. Laboratory tests of the properties of foreign tooth pastes, as compared with local revealed that from the physico-chemical and microbiological aspect local toothpastes compare favourably with foreign ones. However, the organoleptic properties, packing and information are not comparable.

The authors evaluated in 58 patients aged 27-65 years the pre- and postextraction bacteremia after a simple extraction at intervals of 5 minutes, 1 hour, 24 and 72 hours. From the group of 58 examined patients 35 suffered from diabetes mellitus--11 type 1, 24 type 2. Before extraction bacteremia was not found in any of the examined patients. Five minutes after extraction bacteremia was recorded in 50% of the diabetic patients, more frequently in type 1 than type 2. Bacteremia was found in 8% of patients with type 1 diabetes even after 24 hours. The authors recommend to assess in addition to the blood sugar level also so-called glycohaemoglobin which they began to assess regularly in diabetic patients.

The authors describe in the form of case- histories the comprehensive care of patients with dysgnatic defects at the dental department of the hospital with policlinic in Ceské Budĕjovice. The collaboration of orthodontists, surgeons and prosthetists is involved in different combinations. As an example the mention the collaboration during the therapeutic procedure used in a 25-year-old female patient with a protrusion defect, deep occlusion and crowding in the upper frontal section.