Background: The elderly population is rapidly growing worldwide. By the year 2050, the elderly population will increase up to 2.1 billion. Among them, most of the elderly will be from low- to middle-income countries. India and China are the most populated countries in the world, and also they fall in the category of low- to middle-income countries. The elderly population in these two countries is also growing rapidly and creating an economic burden of geriatric care. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected the healthcare system. A higher mortality rate was documented among the elderly due to COVID-19; hence, it was a challenge for them to deal with a high load of the elderly population during the pandemic. These challenges never sublimate even during the post-COVID era. Mental health issues, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, are major drawbacks of COVID-19 among the elderly due to excessive fear of getting reinfection of COVID-19 and fear of social withdrawal. These factors are affecting healthy aging among the elderly. Even though WHO has taken few initiatives for healthy aging, proper interventional strategies are required to prevent mental illness and improve mental health among the elderly during the post-COVID era.
Summary: In this review, we have proposed a few mind-body strategies like Yoga, Exercise, Tai-Chi, and Qigong to improve mental health and holistic patient-centric implementation of those practices in the elderly during the post-COVID era.
Key message: Mind-body interventions can be used in a holistic patient-centric manner to prevent infectious diseases, and post-infection consequences. Further, it enhances immunomodulation along with mental health in the elderly.
{"title":"Humanistic and Holistic Strategies for Combating Mental Health Sequelae in the Elderly During the Post-COVID Era.","authors":"Kalyan Maity, Parth Lal, Saras Jyoti, Parul Bali, Uttam Kumar Thakur, Gurmeet Singh, Vijaya Majumdar, Sanjib Patra, Jaideep Arya, Akshay Anand","doi":"10.1177/09727531231208292","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531231208292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The elderly population is rapidly growing worldwide. By the year 2050, the elderly population will increase up to 2.1 billion. Among them, most of the elderly will be from low- to middle-income countries. India and China are the most populated countries in the world, and also they fall in the category of low- to middle-income countries. The elderly population in these two countries is also growing rapidly and creating an economic burden of geriatric care. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected the healthcare system. A higher mortality rate was documented among the elderly due to COVID-19; hence, it was a challenge for them to deal with a high load of the elderly population during the pandemic. These challenges never sublimate even during the post-COVID era. Mental health issues, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, are major drawbacks of COVID-19 among the elderly due to excessive fear of getting reinfection of COVID-19 and fear of social withdrawal. These factors are affecting healthy aging among the elderly. Even though WHO has taken few initiatives for healthy aging, proper interventional strategies are required to prevent mental illness and improve mental health among the elderly during the post-COVID era.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this review, we have proposed a few mind-body strategies like Yoga, Exercise, Tai-Chi, and Qigong to improve mental health and holistic patient-centric implementation of those practices in the elderly during the post-COVID era.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Mind-body interventions can be used in a holistic patient-centric manner to prevent infectious diseases, and post-infection consequences. Further, it enhances immunomodulation along with mental health in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531231208292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1177/09727531231192759
I. Biose, W. H. Chastain, Rebecca Solch-Ottaiano, Viktoriya S. Grayson, Hanyun Wang, Somdeb Banerjee, Gregory Bix
Background: Physical activity is associated with improved brain health and cognition in humans. However, the validity, range, and quality of evidence for the beneficial outcomes linked to exercise in experimental models of vascular dementia (VaD) have not been evaluated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of exercise intervention on models of VaD to provide an unbiased and comprehensive determination of the cognitive function and brain morphology benefits of exercise. Summary: A systematic search in three databases as well as study design characteristics and experimental data extraction were completed in December 2021. We investigated the effects of exercise on cognitive function and brain-morphology outcomes in VaD models. Twenty-five studies were included for systematic review, while 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. These studies included seven models of VaD in rats (60%, 15 studies), mice (36%, 9 studies), and pigs (4%, 1 study). None of the included studies used aged animals, and the majority of studies (80%) used only male animals. Key Message: Exercise improves cognition but increased neuro-inflammation in VaD models. Exercise improved cognitive function as well as some markers of brain morphology in models of VaD. However, exercise increased anxiety and neuro-inflammatory signals in VaD models. Further, we observed increased reporting anomalies such as a lack of blinding to group treatment or data analysis and randomization of animals to groups. Our report could help in the appropriate design of experimental studies seeking to investigate the effects of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention on VaD models with a high translational impact.
背景：体育锻炼与人类大脑健康和认知能力的改善有关。然而，在血管性痴呆（VaD）的实验模型中，与运动相关的有益结果的有效性、范围和证据质量尚未得到评估。我们对评估运动干预对血管性痴呆模型影响的研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以便对运动对认知功能和大脑形态学的益处做出公正、全面的判断。摘要：我们于 2021 年 12 月完成了对三个数据库的系统检索以及研究设计特征和实验数据提取。我们研究了运动对 VaD 模型认知功能和脑形态结果的影响。系统回顾纳入了 25 项研究，荟萃分析纳入了 21 项研究。这些研究包括大鼠（60%，15 项研究）、小鼠（36%，9 项研究）和猪（4%，1 项研究）的七种 VaD 模型。所有纳入的研究均未使用老年动物，且大多数研究（80%）仅使用雄性动物。关键信息：运动可改善 VaD 模型的认知能力，但会增加神经炎症。运动能改善VaD模型的认知功能以及大脑形态的一些标志物。然而，运动增加了VaD模型的焦虑和神经炎症信号。此外，我们还观察到了更多的报告异常，如缺乏对分组治疗或数据分析的盲法以及将动物随机分组。我们的报告有助于适当设计实验研究，以探究运动作为一种非药物干预措施对VaD模型的影响，并具有较高的转化影响。
{"title":"The Effects of Physical Activity on Experimental Models of Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"I. Biose, W. H. Chastain, Rebecca Solch-Ottaiano, Viktoriya S. Grayson, Hanyun Wang, Somdeb Banerjee, Gregory Bix","doi":"10.1177/09727531231192759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231192759","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical activity is associated with improved brain health and cognition in humans. However, the validity, range, and quality of evidence for the beneficial outcomes linked to exercise in experimental models of vascular dementia (VaD) have not been evaluated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of exercise intervention on models of VaD to provide an unbiased and comprehensive determination of the cognitive function and brain morphology benefits of exercise. Summary: A systematic search in three databases as well as study design characteristics and experimental data extraction were completed in December 2021. We investigated the effects of exercise on cognitive function and brain-morphology outcomes in VaD models. Twenty-five studies were included for systematic review, while 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. These studies included seven models of VaD in rats (60%, 15 studies), mice (36%, 9 studies), and pigs (4%, 1 study). None of the included studies used aged animals, and the majority of studies (80%) used only male animals. Key Message: Exercise improves cognition but increased neuro-inflammation in VaD models. Exercise improved cognitive function as well as some markers of brain morphology in models of VaD. However, exercise increased anxiety and neuro-inflammatory signals in VaD models. Further, we observed increased reporting anomalies such as a lack of blinding to group treatment or data analysis and randomization of animals to groups. Our report could help in the appropriate design of experimental studies seeking to investigate the effects of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention on VaD models with a high translational impact.","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, wearable sensors significantly impact health care through continuous monitoring and event prediction. The types and clinical applications of wearable technology for the prevention of mental illnesses, as well as associated health authority rules, are covered in the current review. The technologies behind wearable ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, neural interfaces, retinal prosthesis, and smart contact lenses were discussed. We described how sensors will examine neuronal impulses using verified machine-learning algorithms running in real-time. These sensors will closely monitor body signals and demonstrate continuous sensing with wireless functionality. The wearable applications in the following medical fields were covered in our review: sleep, neurology, mental health, anxiety, depression, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, seizures, and schizophrenia. These mental health conditions can cause serious issues, even death. Inflammation brought on by mental health problems can worsen hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction and interfere with certain neuroregulatory systems such as the neural peptide Y, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems. Severe depressive disorder symptoms are correlated with elevated Interleukin (IL-6) levels. On the basis of previous and present data collected utilizing a variety of sensory modalities, researchers are currently investigating ways to identify or detect the current mental state. This review explores the potential of various mental health monitoring technologies. The types and clinical uses of wearable technology, such as ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, brain interfaces, retinal prostheses, and smart contact lenses, were covered in the current review will be beneficial for patients with mental health problems like Alzheimer, epilepsy, dementia. The sensors will closely monitor bodily signals with wireless functionality while using machine learning algorithms to analyse neural impulses in real time.
{"title":"Neuro Receptor Signal Detecting and Monitoring Smart Devices for Biological Changes in Cognitive Health Conditions","authors":"Vivek Reddy M, Ganesh Gnk, Rudhresh D, Vaishnavi Parimala T, Gaddam Narasimha Rao","doi":"10.1177/09727531231206888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231206888","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, wearable sensors significantly impact health care through continuous monitoring and event prediction. The types and clinical applications of wearable technology for the prevention of mental illnesses, as well as associated health authority rules, are covered in the current review. The technologies behind wearable ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, neural interfaces, retinal prosthesis, and smart contact lenses were discussed. We described how sensors will examine neuronal impulses using verified machine-learning algorithms running in real-time. These sensors will closely monitor body signals and demonstrate continuous sensing with wireless functionality. The wearable applications in the following medical fields were covered in our review: sleep, neurology, mental health, anxiety, depression, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, seizures, and schizophrenia. These mental health conditions can cause serious issues, even death. Inflammation brought on by mental health problems can worsen hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction and interfere with certain neuroregulatory systems such as the neural peptide Y, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems. Severe depressive disorder symptoms are correlated with elevated Interleukin (IL-6) levels. On the basis of previous and present data collected utilizing a variety of sensory modalities, researchers are currently investigating ways to identify or detect the current mental state. This review explores the potential of various mental health monitoring technologies. The types and clinical uses of wearable technology, such as ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, brain interfaces, retinal prostheses, and smart contact lenses, were covered in the current review will be beneficial for patients with mental health problems like Alzheimer, epilepsy, dementia. The sensors will closely monitor bodily signals with wireless functionality while using machine learning algorithms to analyse neural impulses in real time.","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1177/09727531231215556
Deep Shikha, P. Ojha, Kamla Kant Shukla, Om Lata Bhagat, A. Dixit
Background: Olfactory pathway and limbic system demonstrate a close nexus, which paves common ground for investigating the effects of smell on emotions, cognitive load and autonomic functions. Notably, olfactory stimulation during the administration of cognitive load may interfere with the performance. Purpose: The study is planned to investigate the effect of citrus inhalation on cognitive performance, through psychophysiological assessments. Methods: Thirty male participants were subjected to the cognitive load with the 2-back task in control and experimental sessions. Olfactory stimulation was administered with a pure citrus odour through an aroma diffuser. Electrocardiogram (ECG) for heart rate variability (HRV); photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrodermal activity (EDA) were recorded in experimental and control sessions. Results: Citrus odour significantly improved the performance in 2-back task. A paired t-test revealed that the target correct response numbers and target accuracy were significantly increased with the citrus odour inhalation. The EDA showed a rise in the skin conductance level with the 2-back task that was suppressed with the citrus odour administration. The HRV measures, pNN50, RMSSD, and HF power demonstrated a significant increase in the citrus smell. Conclusion: Importantly, citrus odour produced resilience to cognitive stress due to the cognitive task and it was reflected in the EDA. Olfactory stimulation with citrus improved the scores in the 2-back task performance. Though there was no alteration in the overall variability of cardiac oscillation but there was a conspicuous shift of autonomic balance towards the parasympathetic system with the citrus inhalation. The observed finding advocates the use of citrus odour as a cognitive stress-suppressing measure for cognitive enhancement.
{"title":"Citrus Odour Produces Resilient Response to Cognitive Load and Enhances Performance in the N-Back Task","authors":"Deep Shikha, P. Ojha, Kamla Kant Shukla, Om Lata Bhagat, A. Dixit","doi":"10.1177/09727531231215556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231215556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Olfactory pathway and limbic system demonstrate a close nexus, which paves common ground for investigating the effects of smell on emotions, cognitive load and autonomic functions. Notably, olfactory stimulation during the administration of cognitive load may interfere with the performance. Purpose: The study is planned to investigate the effect of citrus inhalation on cognitive performance, through psychophysiological assessments. Methods: Thirty male participants were subjected to the cognitive load with the 2-back task in control and experimental sessions. Olfactory stimulation was administered with a pure citrus odour through an aroma diffuser. Electrocardiogram (ECG) for heart rate variability (HRV); photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrodermal activity (EDA) were recorded in experimental and control sessions. Results: Citrus odour significantly improved the performance in 2-back task. A paired t-test revealed that the target correct response numbers and target accuracy were significantly increased with the citrus odour inhalation. The EDA showed a rise in the skin conductance level with the 2-back task that was suppressed with the citrus odour administration. The HRV measures, pNN50, RMSSD, and HF power demonstrated a significant increase in the citrus smell. Conclusion: Importantly, citrus odour produced resilience to cognitive stress due to the cognitive task and it was reflected in the EDA. Olfactory stimulation with citrus improved the scores in the 2-back task performance. Though there was no alteration in the overall variability of cardiac oscillation but there was a conspicuous shift of autonomic balance towards the parasympathetic system with the citrus inhalation. The observed finding advocates the use of citrus odour as a cognitive stress-suppressing measure for cognitive enhancement.","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"62 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1177/09727531231213471
R. Padmavathi, K. S. Dhamodhini, K. Maheshkumar, Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi, Silambanan Santhi
{"title":"Need for E-module-based Validated Yoga Protocol","authors":"R. Padmavathi, K. S. Dhamodhini, K. Maheshkumar, Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi, Silambanan Santhi","doi":"10.1177/09727531231213471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231213471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"82 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.1177/09727531231185200
Rafael Batista, Marta Pereira, Deise Catamo Vaz, Helena Buque, H. Nzwalo, A. Marreiros
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (SICH) is the most severe form of all stroke types. Stratification of SICH severity is important for group comparisons and treatment decisions. The existing prognostic scores for clinical prediction in SICH have not been specifically validated in the very old (≥75 years). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different SICH vital prognostic scores in the very old. To compare the short-term accuracy of three vital prognostic scores: Functional Outcome in Patients with Primary Intracerebral Haemorrhage (FUNC), Modified Emergency Department Intracerebral Haemorrhage (mEDICH) and the Intracerebral Haemorrhage Score (‘ICH score’) in patients aged 75 or older. Comparison of the discriminative performance of three SICH prognostic scores in a consecutive case series of patients ≥75 years. The prognostic discrimination was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Additionally, a binary logistic regression was conducted to determine independent prognostic factors associated with mortality. The case-fatality was 40.6%. The AUROC and Younden index for the three scores was as it follows: ‘ICH score’ 0.882 and 0.648; mEDICH 0.867 and 0.571; FUNC 0.802 and 0.519. The main independent risk factors of death were presence of intraventricular extension (OR = 4.000,95% CI= 1.933–8.276), INR value (OR = 2.173, 95% CI = 1.146–4.117), haemorrhage volume (OR = 1.881, 95% CI = 1.029–3.440) and GCS (OR = 0.119, 95% CI = 0.060–0.236) for mEDICH. Haemorrhage volume (OR = 3.020, 95% CI = 1.806–5.050) and GCS (OR = 0.043, 95% CI = 0.013–0.151) for FUNC. Haemorrhage volume (OR = 4.950, 95% CI = 2.249–10.897) and intraventricular haemorrhage (OR = 3.811, 95% CI = 1.833–7.924) for ‘ICH score’. The three scores (‘ICH score’, FUNC and mEDICH) showed an excellent capability of discriminating the group of elderly patients at risk of short-term death. Age per se may not be crucial for accurate discrimination of death in the group of elderly. Instead, the inclusion of available physiological markers of fragility would be more scientifically meaningful than age.
自发性脑出血（SICH）是所有中风类型中最严重的一种。对 SICH 严重程度进行分层对于分组比较和治疗决策非常重要。现有的用于 SICH 临床预测的预后评分尚未专门针对高龄老人（≥75 岁）进行验证。因此，我们旨在评估不同的 SICH 生命预后评分在高龄老人中的准确性。比较三种生命预后评分的短期准确性：比较三种生命预后评分：原发性脑出血患者功能预后评分（FUNC）、改良急诊科脑出血评分（mEDICH）和脑出血评分（"ICH 评分"）在 75 岁或以上患者中的短期准确性。在≥75岁患者的连续病例系列中比较三种SICH预后评分的鉴别性能。使用接收者操作特征曲线下面积（AUROC）评估预后判别能力。此外，还进行了二元逻辑回归，以确定与死亡率相关的独立预后因素。病死率为 40.6%。三种评分的 AUROC 和 Younden 指数如下：ICH评分 "为0.882和0.648；mEDICH为0.867和0.571；FUNC为0.802和0.519。死亡的主要独立危险因素是脑室内扩展（OR = 4.000，95% CI = 1.933-8.276）、INR 值（OR = 2.173，95% CI = 1.146-4.117）、出血量（OR = 1.881，95% CI = 1.029-3.440）和 mEDICH 的 GCS（OR = 0.119，95% CI = 0.060-0.236）。FUNC的出血量（OR = 3.020，95% CI = 1.806-5.050）和GCS（OR = 0.043，95% CI = 0.013-0.151）。出血量（OR = 4.950，95% CI = 2.249-10.897）和脑室内出血（OR = 3.811，95% CI = 1.833-7.924）表示 "ICH 评分"。这三种评分（"ICH 评分"、FUNC 和 mEDICH）在区分有短期死亡风险的老年患者群体方面显示出卓越的能力。年龄本身可能并不是准确判别老年患者死亡的关键。相反，与年龄相比，纳入现有的脆性生理指标更具有科学意义。
{"title":"Prognostic Accuracy of Common Mortality Prognostic Scales in Very Old Patients with Intracerebral Haemorrhage","authors":"Rafael Batista, Marta Pereira, Deise Catamo Vaz, Helena Buque, H. Nzwalo, A. Marreiros","doi":"10.1177/09727531231185200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231185200","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (SICH) is the most severe form of all stroke types. Stratification of SICH severity is important for group comparisons and treatment decisions. The existing prognostic scores for clinical prediction in SICH have not been specifically validated in the very old (≥75 years). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different SICH vital prognostic scores in the very old. To compare the short-term accuracy of three vital prognostic scores: Functional Outcome in Patients with Primary Intracerebral Haemorrhage (FUNC), Modified Emergency Department Intracerebral Haemorrhage (mEDICH) and the Intracerebral Haemorrhage Score (‘ICH score’) in patients aged 75 or older. Comparison of the discriminative performance of three SICH prognostic scores in a consecutive case series of patients ≥75 years. The prognostic discrimination was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Additionally, a binary logistic regression was conducted to determine independent prognostic factors associated with mortality. The case-fatality was 40.6%. The AUROC and Younden index for the three scores was as it follows: ‘ICH score’ 0.882 and 0.648; mEDICH 0.867 and 0.571; FUNC 0.802 and 0.519. The main independent risk factors of death were presence of intraventricular extension (OR = 4.000,95% CI= 1.933–8.276), INR value (OR = 2.173, 95% CI = 1.146–4.117), haemorrhage volume (OR = 1.881, 95% CI = 1.029–3.440) and GCS (OR = 0.119, 95% CI = 0.060–0.236) for mEDICH. Haemorrhage volume (OR = 3.020, 95% CI = 1.806–5.050) and GCS (OR = 0.043, 95% CI = 0.013–0.151) for FUNC. Haemorrhage volume (OR = 4.950, 95% CI = 2.249–10.897) and intraventricular haemorrhage (OR = 3.811, 95% CI = 1.833–7.924) for ‘ICH score’. The three scores (‘ICH score’, FUNC and mEDICH) showed an excellent capability of discriminating the group of elderly patients at risk of short-term death. Age per se may not be crucial for accurate discrimination of death in the group of elderly. Instead, the inclusion of available physiological markers of fragility would be more scientifically meaningful than age.","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.1177/09727531231208290
Shikha Verma, Mitima Sachdeva, Amita Bajpai
Background: The education system is the lifeline of a nation. If the education system is strong and free from issues, the nation will, certainly, progress. Teachers have a key role in nation-building. Their opinions for overcoming the issues and challenges of education in the changing horizon can work as a roadmap to quality education. Purpose: The researcher has surveyed 450 teaching professionals to explore the issues and challenges of the changing horizon for teaching professionals in India. Methods: The researcher has developed a five-point rating scale, after an extensive literature review of regulations and reports of commissions and regulatory bodies. MS Excel 2016 version is used and analysis has been done by finding the frequency of respondents on each point of the rating scale. Then, the results have been interpreted and concluded. Results: The recommendations to overcome the issues and challenges for teaching professionals are also given in the changing horizon in India. Conclusion: Concerned professionals must consider factors including adequate infrastructure, up-to-date curricula, qualified faculty, suitable class sizes, learning materials, financial support and well-planned guidelines for quality education in order to improve education quality. A new teacher education program named as Integrated Teacher Education Programme (ITEP)1 and a reform in educational policy as New Education Policy (2020)2 have begun. All the teaching professionals are hopefully waiting for their implementation. A great future for everyone will undoubtedly result from our work.
{"title":"Changing Horizon in Teaching Profession in India: Issues and Challenges","authors":"Shikha Verma, Mitima Sachdeva, Amita Bajpai","doi":"10.1177/09727531231208290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231208290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The education system is the lifeline of a nation. If the education system is strong and free from issues, the nation will, certainly, progress. Teachers have a key role in nation-building. Their opinions for overcoming the issues and challenges of education in the changing horizon can work as a roadmap to quality education. Purpose: The researcher has surveyed 450 teaching professionals to explore the issues and challenges of the changing horizon for teaching professionals in India. Methods: The researcher has developed a five-point rating scale, after an extensive literature review of regulations and reports of commissions and regulatory bodies. MS Excel 2016 version is used and analysis has been done by finding the frequency of respondents on each point of the rating scale. Then, the results have been interpreted and concluded. Results: The recommendations to overcome the issues and challenges for teaching professionals are also given in the changing horizon in India. Conclusion: Concerned professionals must consider factors including adequate infrastructure, up-to-date curricula, qualified faculty, suitable class sizes, learning materials, financial support and well-planned guidelines for quality education in order to improve education quality. A new teacher education program named as Integrated Teacher Education Programme (ITEP)1 and a reform in educational policy as New Education Policy (2020)2 have begun. All the teaching professionals are hopefully waiting for their implementation. A great future for everyone will undoubtedly result from our work.","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":"53 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1177/09727531231200958
Abdul Hadi Khan, Ali Abdullah, Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa, Muhammad Abdul Qadeer
{"title":"Disruption in Sleep and Circadian Rhythm: A Potential Accelerator in Alzheimer’s Disease Progression","authors":"Abdul Hadi Khan, Ali Abdullah, Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa, Muhammad Abdul Qadeer","doi":"10.1177/09727531231200958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231200958","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1177/09727531231190989
Farheen Ashraf, Fatimah Kashif Rasool, Muhammad Musab Nafees Uddin, Mohammad Arham Siddiq, Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa
{"title":"Targeting Beta-Amyloid Protein with Monoclonal Antibodies: A New Hope for Alzheimer’s Treatment","authors":"Farheen Ashraf, Fatimah Kashif Rasool, Muhammad Musab Nafees Uddin, Mohammad Arham Siddiq, Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa","doi":"10.1177/09727531231190989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531231190989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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