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Channeling of Brain Towards Engaging Sensorimotor Tasks for Inducing Hedonic Pleasure to Alleviate Blood Pressure in Hypertension. 大脑对参与感觉运动任务的引导以诱导享乐性愉悦以减轻高血压患者的血压。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221135999
Madhuri Taranikanti, Aswin Kumar Mudunuru, Archana Gaur, Anzala Kauser, Sai Shriya Taranikanti, Madhusudhan Umesh, Vidya Ganji, Kalpana Medala, Roja Katta, Varatharajan Sakthivadivel, Akhila Dronamraju, Rohith Kumar Guntuka

Background: Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is responsible for major deaths due to stroke and coronary heart disease. Several pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for reducing blood pressure have been tried earlier. Modulating brain regions such as prefrontal cortex (PFC) to channelize activities is an effective tool to target blood pressure.

Purpose: Prefrontal cortex (PFC) exerts inhibitory control over sympathoexcitatory circuits, which was explored using a novel reaction time paradigm.

Methods: Thirty participants of both genders in the age group 40-70 years with established hypertension were included. A structured reaction time paradigm was designed to include psychomotor and visuomotor elements with integrated sensory attention and motor performance tasks. Blood pressure, Lead II ECG, and EEG from F3 and F4 were recorded. A paired t-test was used to examine the variations in these parameters across tasks.

Results: A significant reduction in mean arterial pressure by 4.04 mmHg (p = .0232) during the visuomotor task and a reduction of 3.38 mmHg during the auditory cue task (p = .0446) were observed. Analysis of the difference in heart rate has shown a profound decrease after passive listening tasks by 3.7 beats (p < .0001*). Spectral analysis from F3 and F4 shows high power in low-frequency zone of EEG indicating a relaxed state during auditory cues and passive listening.

Conclusion: The reaction time paradigm, when applied to hypertensives, helped decrease blood pressure and heart rate and improved the high frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability, indicating parasympathetic dominance. Such reward-oriented paradigms may act as biofeedback modules that cause hyperactivity of the PFC to suppress the sympathoexcitatory circuit with increased parasympathetic activity beneficial to hypertensive individuals.

背景:高血压是心血管疾病的可改变危险因素,是脑卒中和冠心病导致的主要死亡原因。一些降低血压的药理学和非药理学干预措施已经尝试过了。调节大脑区域,如前额皮质(PFC)来引导活动是一种有效的目标血压的工具。目的:利用一种新的反应时间范式,探讨前额叶皮层(PFC)对交感神经兴奋回路的抑制控制。方法:选取年龄40 ~ 70岁的高血压患者,男女各30例。设计了一个结构化的反应时间范式,包括精神运动和视觉运动要素,以及综合的感觉注意和运动表现任务。记录F3和F4的血压、导联心电图和脑电图。配对t检验用于检查这些参数在不同任务中的变化。结果:在视觉运动任务期间,平均动脉压显著降低4.04 mmHg (p = 0.0232),在听觉提示任务期间,平均动脉压显著降低3.38 mmHg (p = 0.0446)。对心率差异的分析显示,被动聆听任务后,心率显著下降3.7次(p < 0.0001 *)。F3和F4的频谱分析显示,低频区的高功率表明在听觉提示和被动聆听时处于放松状态。结论:反应时间模式应用于高血压患者,有助于降低血压和心率,改善心率变异性的高频(HF)成分,表明副交感神经主导。这种奖励导向的模式可能作为生物反馈模块,导致PFC过度活跃,抑制交感神经兴奋回路,增加副交感神经活动,有利于高血压患者。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating Traditional and Contemporary Systems for Health and Well-being. 整合传统和现代的健康和福祉系统。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531231185648
Sapna Nanda
Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-Commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https:// us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Editorial
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引用次数: 0
Raw Water and ALS: A Unifying Hypothesis for the Environmental Agents Involved in ALS. 原水与 ALS:ALS 所涉环境因素的统一假说。
IF 1.8 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221120358
Giuseppe Stipa, Antonio Ancidoni, Nicola Vanacore, Guido Bellomo

Different studies identified the presence of several altered genes in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) forms. The experimental data, together with the epidemiological data, would seem to suggest the existence of molecular mechanisms (e.g., axonal transport) related to these genes, together with a susceptibility of the same genes to certain environmental factors that would therefore suggest an impact of the environment on the etiopathogenesis of ALS. In our review, we considered the most relevant environmental clusters around the world, collecting different hypotheses and underlining common environmental factors among the different clusters. Moreover, further epidemiological data identified a higher risk of ALS in professional athletes and, in particular, in soccer and football players. Despite this increased risk of ALS highlighted by the epidemiological evidence in aforementioned sports, the mechanisms remain unclear. At last, the use of raw water has been associated with ALS risk. The aim of the present review is to characterize a possible relationship between these clusters, to be explored in the context of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors on the etiopathogenesis of ALS.

不同的研究发现,在家族性和散发性肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS)中存在多个基因改变。实验数据和流行病学数据似乎表明,存在着与这些基因相关的分子机制(如轴突运输),同时这些基因对某些环境因素具有易感性,因此表明环境对 ALS 的发病机制具有影响。在我们的综述中,我们考虑了全球最相关的环境群组,收集了不同的假说,并强调了不同群组中的共同环境因素。此外,进一步的流行病学数据发现,职业运动员,尤其是足球运动员,患渐冻人肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症的风险较高。尽管上述运动中的流行病学证据强调了 ALS 风险的增加,但其机制仍不清楚。最后,使用生水也与 ALS 风险有关。本综述的目的是描述这些群组之间可能存在的关系,并在遗传和环境因素相互作用的背景下探讨 ALS 的发病机理。
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引用次数: 0
Peroral Exposure to Cannabis Sativa Ethanol Extract Caused Neuronal Degeneration and Astrogliosis in Wistar Rats' Prefrontal Cortex. 经口暴露于大麻乙醇提取物引起Wistar大鼠前额皮质神经元变性和星形胶质细胞增生。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221120988
Olatunji Sunday Yinka, Ogunnaike Philip Olubunmi, Abijo Ayodeji Zabdiel, Owolabi Joshua Oladele, Adelodun Stephen Taiye, Adeoye Ayodele, Fasesan Oluwatoyin Adetutu, Olanrewaju John Afees, Adegbite Ademola Kayode

Background: Despite widespread concerns about its possible side effects, notably on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which mediates cognitive processes, the use of Cannabis sativa as a medicinal and recreational drug is expanding exponentially. This study evaluated possible behavioral alterations, neurotransmitter levels, histological, and immunohistochemical changes in the PFC of Wistar rats exposed to Cannabis sativa.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of graded doses of Cannabis sativa on the PFC using behavioural, histological, and immunohistochemical approaches.

Methods: Twenty-eight juvenile male Wistar rats weighing between 70 g and 100 g were procured and assigned into groups A-D (n = 7 each). Group A served as control which received distilled water only as a placebo; rats in groups B, C, and D which were the treatment groups were orally exposed to graded doses of Cannabis sativa (10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively). Rats in all experimental groups were exposed to Cannabis sativa for 21 days, followed by behavioral tests using the open field test for locomotor, anxiety, and exploratory activities, while the Y-maze test was for spatial memory assessment. Rats for biochemical analysis were cervically dislocated and rats for tissue processing were intracardially perfused following neurobehavioral tests. Sequel to sacrifice, brain tissues were excised and prefrontal cortices were obtained for the neurotransmitter (glutamate, acetylcholine, and dopamine) and enzymatic assay (Cytochrome C oxidase (CcO) and Glucose 6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase-G-6-PDH). Brain tissues were fixed in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin (NBF) for histological demonstration of the PFC cytoarchitecture using H&E and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for astrocyte evaluation.

Results: Glutamate and dopamine levels were significantly increased (F = 24.44, P = .0132) in groups D, and B, C, and D, respectively, compared to control; likewise, the activities of CcO and G-6-PDH were also significantly elevated (F = 96.28, P = .0001) (F = 167.5, P = .0001) in groups C and D compared to the control. Cannabis sativa impaired locomotor activity and spatial memory in B and D and D, respectively. All Cannabis sativa exposed groups demonstrated evidence of neurodegeneration in the exposed groups; GFAP immunoexpression was evident in all groups with a marked increase in group D.

Conclusion: Cannabis sativa altered neurotransmitter levels, energy metabolism, locomotor, and exploratory activity, and spatial working memory, with neuronal degeneration as well as reactive astrogliosis in the PFC.

背景:尽管人们普遍担心大麻可能产生的副作用,尤其是对调节认知过程的前额叶皮质(PFC)的副作用,但大麻作为一种药用和娱乐性药物的使用正在呈指数级增长。本研究评估暴露于大麻的Wistar大鼠PFC可能的行为改变、神经递质水平、组织学和免疫组织化学变化。目的:利用行为学、组织学和免疫组织化学方法评估分级剂量大麻对PFC的影响。方法:取体重70 ~ 100 g的雄性Wistar幼年大鼠28只,随机分为A-D组,每组7只。A组作为对照组,只接受蒸馏水作为安慰剂;B组、C组、D组为治疗组,分别以10 mg/kg、50 mg/kg、100 mg/kg的分级剂量口服大麻。所有实验组大鼠暴露于大麻21天,随后进行运动、焦虑和探索性活动行为测试,y形迷宫测试空间记忆评估。生化分析用大鼠颈脱位,组织处理用大鼠心内灌注神经行为试验。牺牲后,切除脑组织,获得前额皮质用于神经递质(谷氨酸、乙酰胆碱和多巴胺)和酶分析(细胞色素C氧化酶(CcO)和葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶g -6- pdh)。脑组织固定在10%中性缓冲福尔马林(NBF)中,用H&E和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)对PFC细胞结构进行组织学展示,对星形胶质细胞进行评估。结果:与对照组相比,D组、B组、C组、D组谷氨酸、多巴胺水平均显著升高(F = 24.44, P = 0.0132);C组和D组CcO和G-6-PDH活性也显著高于对照组(F = 96.28, P = 0.0001) (F = 167.5, P = 0.0001)。大麻分别损害了B、D和D的运动活动和空间记忆。所有大麻暴露组均表现出神经变性的证据;结论:大麻改变了PFC的神经递质水平、能量代谢、运动、探索活动和空间工作记忆,并伴有神经元变性和反应性星形胶质变。
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引用次数: 0
Fiat Lux: Light and Pedagogy for the 21st Century. Fiat Lux:21世纪的光与教学法。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221136646
James C Lech, Matthew T J Halma, Adejoke O Obajuluwa, Malcolm Baker, Michael R Hamblin

Background: The relationship between the quality of the learning environment and student outcomes is receiving more serious attention from educational psychologists, neurologists, ophthalmologists, orthopedists, surgeons, oncologists, architects, ergonomists, nutritionists, and Michelin star chefs. There is a role for ergonomic office and school design to positively impact worker and student productivity, and one design attribute drawing attention is the indoor lit environment. In this review, we expand upon the role that light plays in education, as it has enabled millions of pupils to read at late hours, which were previously too dark. However, still unappreciated is the biological effects of artificial light on circadian rhythm and its subsequent impacts on health and learning outcomes.

Summary: This review describes the current state of light in the educational environment, its impact, and the effect of certain inexpensive and easy-to-implement adaptations to better support student growth, learning and development. We find that the current lighting environment for pupils is sub-optima based on biological mechanism and may be improved through cost effective interventions. These interventions can achieve greater biological harmonization and improve learner outcomes.

Key message: The impact of the lighting environment in educational institutions on pupil biology has received minimal attention thus far. The current lighting environment in schools is not conducive to student health and educational performance. Cost-effective approaches can have an outsized impact on student health and educational attainment. We strongly recommend educational institutions take the lit environment into account when designing educational programs.

背景:教育心理学家、神经学家、眼科医生、整形外科医生、外科医生、肿瘤学家、建筑师、人体工程学专家、营养学家和米其林星级厨师越来越重视学习环境质量与学生成绩之间的关系。符合人体工程学的办公室和学校设计可以对工人和学生的工作效率产生积极影响,而室内照明环境则是其中一个备受关注的设计因素。在本综述中,我们将进一步阐述光线在教育中发挥的作用,因为光线使数百万学生能够在深夜阅读,而以前的光线太暗。然而,人工光对昼夜节律的生物效应及其对健康和学习成果的后续影响仍未得到重视。摘要:本综述介绍了教育环境中光线的现状、影响,以及某些成本低廉、易于实施的调整措施的效果,以更好地支持学生的成长、学习和发展。我们发现,根据生物机理,目前学生所处的照明环境并不理想,可以通过经济有效的干预措施加以改善。这些干预措施可以实现更大程度的生物协调,改善学习效果:迄今为止,教育机构的照明环境对学生生物学的影响极少受到关注。目前学校的照明环境不利于学生的健康和学习成绩。具有成本效益的方法可以对学生的健康和学习成绩产生巨大的影响。我们强烈建议教育机构在设计教育计划时考虑到照明环境。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of Yoga Protocol for Patients with Depression. 抑郁症患者瑜伽治疗方案的开发与验证。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221127766
Dhamodhini K S, Maheshkumar K, Santhi Silambanan, Suvarna Jyothi Kantipudi, R Sathianathan, Padmavathi R

Background: Scientific evidence suggests that yoga is beneficial for treating mental health disorders. To the best of our knowledge, minimal studies have been done on the development of a yoga module for the specific clinical aspects of depression and there is no particular study on yoga protocol development for mild depression and moderate depression.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to develop specific yoga protocol modules for treating patients affected with mild and moderate depression.

Methods: Yoga protocols for treating mild and moderate depression were developed using classical yoga texts, previous literature, and with the help of yoga experts. 26 practices for mild depression and 35 practices for moderate depression were identified, each of which was scored as (a) not essential, (b) useful but not essential, and (c) essential, and content validity ratio (CVR) determined using Lawshe's formula for the validation.

Results: Expert's opinion revealed that 13 out of 28 practices and 12 out of 35 practices showed significant CVR (>0.60) for mild and moderate depression.

Conclusions: The yoga practices developed based on experts' opinion is the first step toward the development of a validated protocol for mild and moderate depression. This will be assessed for its effectiveness through a randomized controlled study to confirm the module's efficiency.

背景:科学证据表明,瑜伽对治疗精神疾病有益。据我们所知,针对抑郁症具体临床方面的瑜伽模块开发的研究很少,也没有针对轻度抑郁症和中度抑郁症的瑜伽方案开发的专门研究。目的:本研究的主要目的是为治疗轻度和中度抑郁症患者制定特定的瑜伽方案模块。方法:在瑜伽专家的帮助下,根据经典瑜伽文本、以前的文献,制定了治疗轻度和中度抑郁症的瑜伽方案。确定了26种治疗轻度抑郁症的方法和35种治疗中度抑郁症的方法,每种方法的评分为(a)非必需,(b)有用但非必需,(c)必需,并使用Lawshe公式确定内容效度比(CVR)进行验证。结果:专家意见显示,28种治疗方法中有13种,35种治疗方法中有12种对轻中度抑郁症的CVR显著(>0.60)。结论:在专家意见的基础上开发的瑜伽练习是开发轻度和中度抑郁症的有效方案的第一步。将通过随机对照研究来评估其有效性,以确认该模块的效率。
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引用次数: 3
The Distribution of Lifestyle Risk Factors Among Patients with Stroke in the Indian Setting: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 印度中风患者的生活方式风险因素分布:系统回顾与元分析。
IF 1.8 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221115899
Biji P Varkey, Jaison Joseph, Abin Varghese, Suresh K Sharma, Elezebeth Mathews, Manju Dhandapani, Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha, Radha Kuttan, Saleena Shah, Surekha Dabla, Sivashanmugam Dhandapani

Background: The burden of stroke is increasing in India, but there is limited understanding of the distribution of reported risk factors in the Indian setting. It is vital to generate robust data on these modifiable risk factors to scale up appropriate strategies for the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases in this setting.

Summary: The objective of this study is to estimate the overall proportion of life style risk factors of patients with stroke in the Indian setting. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar and relevant studies published till February 2022 were included. The risk of bias assessment was considered for the study selection criterion in the meta-analysis. The publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots and Egger's test. We identified 61 studies in the systematic review and after quality assessment, 36 studies were included for meta-analysis. Random effect model was used due to the significant inconsistency among the included studies (I2 > 97%). The mean age of the participants was 53.84±9.3 years and patients with stroke were predominantly males (64%). Hypertension (56.69%; 95% CI: - 48.45 - 64.58), obesity (36.61%; 95% CI: - 19.31 - 58.23), dyslipidemia (30.6%; 95% CI: - 22 - 40.81) and diabetes mellitus (23.8%; 95% CI: - 18.79 - 29.83) are the leading intermediate conditions associated with stroke. The Physical inactivity - 29.9% (95% CI: - 22.9 - 37.1), history of tobacco use (28.59 %; 95% CI: - 22.22 - 32.94) and alcohol use (28.15 %; 95% CI: - 20.49 - 37.33) were reported as the behavioral risk factors for stroke in this setting.

Key messages: The current meta-analysis provides robust estimates of the life style related risk-factor of stroke in India based on the observational studies conducted from 1994 to 2019. Estimating the pooled analysis of stroke risk factors is crucial to predict the imposed burden of the illness and ascertain the treatment and prevention strategies for controlling the modifiable risk factors in this setting.

背景:印度的中风负担日益加重,但人们对印度环境中报告的风险因素分布了解有限。摘要:本研究的目的是估计印度中风患者生活方式风险因素的总体比例。我们检索了 PubMed 和 Google Scholar,纳入了截至 2022 年 2 月发表的相关研究。荟萃分析中的研究选择标准考虑了偏倚风险评估。发表偏倚通过漏斗图和 Egger 检验进行评估。我们在系统综述中确定了 61 项研究,经过质量评估后,纳入了 36 项研究进行荟萃分析。由于纳入的研究之间存在显著的不一致性(I2>97%),因此采用了随机效应模型。参与者的平均年龄为(53.84±9.3)岁,脑卒中患者主要为男性(64%)。高血压(56.69%;95% CI:- 48.45 - 64.58)、肥胖(36.61%;95% CI:- 19.31 - 58.23)、血脂异常(30.6%;95% CI:- 22 - 40.81)和糖尿病(23.8%;95% CI:- 18.79 - 29.83)是与中风相关的主要中间疾病。据报道,在这种情况下,缺乏运动(29.9%;95% CI:- 22.9 - 37.1)、吸烟史(28.59%;95% CI:- 22.22 - 32.94)和饮酒(28.15%;95% CI:- 20.49 - 37.33)是中风的行为风险因素:当前的荟萃分析基于 1994 年至 2019 年开展的观察性研究,对印度与生活方式相关的中风风险因素进行了可靠的估计。估计中风风险因素的汇总分析对于预测该疾病所带来的负担以及确定在这种情况下控制可改变风险因素的治疗和预防策略至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Minority Stress in Emotion Suppression and Mental Distress Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Systematic Review. 性少数群体和性别少数群体在情绪压抑和精神痛苦方面的应激:系统回顾。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221120356
Akanksha Singh, Anu Dandona, Vibha Sharma, S Z H Zaidi

Background: The existing structural framework of defining gender and sexuality based on heteronormative ideology led to the succession of the notions of stigma, prejudice, and hate towards the sexual and gender minority population. The presence of strong scientific evidence for the negative consequences of discriminatory and violent events has directed the association with mental and emotional distress. This study aims to comprehend the role of minority stress in emotional regulation and suppression among the sexual minority population globally using systematic review of literature through elaborate Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Summary: The analyses of the sorted literature premised on the PRISMA guidelines revealed that minority stress mediates the emotion regulation processes among the individuals who witness continuous episodes of discrimination and violence leading to emotional dysregulation and emotion suppression. Studies also reported the dominance of various health-risk behaviors such as alcohol addiction, drug abuse, and other forms of intoxication among sexual minority individuals. Increased instances of anxiety, stress, depression, and suicidal ideations were prominent in the findings of the empirical research suggesting an intricate role of minority stress in advancing the faulty emotion suppression and mental health concerns among the sexual and gender minority population.

Key message: Minority stressors among sexual and gender minority individuals mediate emotion suppression and mental distress.

背景:基于异性恋规范意识形态的现有性别和性定义结构框架导致了对性和性别少数群体的污名化、偏见和仇恨观念的继承。有强有力的科学证据表明,歧视和暴力事件的负面后果与精神和情感痛苦有关。本研究旨在通过系统回顾文献,通过精心设计的系统回顾和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南,了解全球性少数人群中少数群体压力在情绪调节和抑制中的作用。摘要:基于PRISMA指南的文献整理分析表明,少数民族应激在持续遭受歧视和暴力事件导致情绪失调和情绪抑制的个体中起调节作用。研究还报告,在性少数群体中,酗酒、滥用药物和其他形式的中毒等各种健康风险行为占主导地位。实证研究发现,焦虑、压力、抑郁和自杀意念的增加是突出的,这表明少数民族压力在促进性和性别少数群体的错误情绪抑制和心理健康问题方面发挥了复杂的作用。关键信息:性少数和性别少数个体的少数压力源介导情绪抑制和精神痛苦。
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引用次数: 1
Future of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. 单克隆抗体治疗帕金森病的未来
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221136349
Sanjeev Kharel, Rajeev Ojha
Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-Commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https:// us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Commentary
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引用次数: 1
Positive Psychological Changes at High Altitude Shown by the Low Landers after the Yoga Intervention-Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY). 瑜伽干预后低地人在高海拔的积极心理变化——苏达山克里亚瑜伽(SKY)。
IF 1.5 Q3 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221117637
Sheetal J Gupta, Balaram Pradhan, Disha Bhanushali, Rishi Nityapragya Nitin Limaye

Background: Immediate assent to high altitude affects the cognitive performance and mood of an individual, which is followed by depression and anxiety. It also affects the sleep quality, general health, and happiness quotient of an individual. Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) is a cyclical breathing technique, which has been proven successful in managing stress, depression, anxiety, and helps in the improvement of sleep quality.

Purpose: The current study was to understand the role of SKY meditation on psychological parameters, happiness quotient of low landers at high altitude (Leh).

Methods: It is a two-armed pre-post study with experimental and control group both are lowlanders, and their psychological parameters are being assessed when they immediately assent to high altitude (Leh). There are two groups experimental group (SKY) was from AOL SKY-AMP and has prior SKY meditation experience. The control group does not have any yoga or meditation experience. SKY-AMP is a 4 days protocol done at high altitude by the SKY group. Both groups reach Leh through air mode transportation.

Results: Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) showed a significant result in the SKY group with P ≤ .001, whereas it is nonsignificant in the control group. We also observed anthropometric and physiological changes in the participants showing significant effects on weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure; with no significant effect in the control group. It is one of the first studies done with both two groups, where yoga and meditation are done at high altitude and then seen the changes in the groups at physical and psychological level.

Conclusion: Yogic practices can be helpful in having positive psychological change in the lowlanders at high altitude.

背景:对高海拔的立即认同会影响个体的认知表现和情绪,随之而来的是抑郁和焦虑。它还会影响一个人的睡眠质量、总体健康状况和幸福指数。苏达山克里亚瑜伽(SKY)是一种循环呼吸技巧,已被证明在管理压力、抑郁、焦虑方面很成功,并有助于改善睡眠质量。目的:本研究旨在了解天空冥想对高海拔低地人心理参数、幸福商的影响。方法:采用双臂前后研究方法,实验组和对照组均为低地居民,在立即同意高海拔(Leh)时对其心理参数进行评估。实验组(SKY)来自AOL SKY- amp,有SKY冥想经验。对照组没有任何瑜伽或冥想经验。SKY- amp是SKY小组在高空进行的为期4天的协议。两组人都通过空运到达列城。结果:牛津幸福问卷(OHQ)结果在SKY组有显著性差异(P≤0.001),对照组无显著性差异(P < 0.001)。我们还观察到参与者的人体测量和生理变化,显示出对体重、BMI、腰围、臀围和血压的显著影响;对照组没有明显的效果。这是第一批同时对两组人进行的研究之一,在高海拔地区进行瑜伽和冥想,然后观察两组人在生理和心理层面的变化。结论:瑜伽练习有助于高海拔低地居民产生积极的心理变化。
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Annals of Neurosciences
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