Acta medica (Hradec Kralove). Supplementum最新文献

Important worldwide websites offering medical informatics have been searched through to find freely available web-based sources for teaching of medical informatics at faculties of medicine. The conclusion suggests that a complex system for teaching of the whole field of study does not exist. However, a sufficient offer of specialized articles, model programmes and presentations is available, which can be used for teaching. The author lists a brief characterization of the found sources and the programmes he uses. This computer-aided research is only rough. A more precisely defined searching strategy can help find other sources of specialized subjects useful for medical informatics.

Statistical order estimation of mutual similarity/dissimilarity of proteins' behavior in time is the main purpose of the programme system MIAPS. Comparing with Correspondence Analysis (CA) method, mostly used so far, is simultaneously performed. Time series of 2-DE maps are requested as the data. MIAPS is available on http://www.lfhk.cuni.cz/knizekj/ and http://www.utia.cas.cz/user_data/sindelar/miaps.htm.

Francisella tularensis is an intracellular bacterial pathogen and is the causative agent of tularemia. Human become infected when manipulating with infected animals (usually rodents) or via arthropod vectors. In spite of the high virulence of the microbe still very little is known about its overall interaction with host cells and virulence factors identified to date show properties different from other bacterial species.

Goeckerman's therapy of psoriasis includes combined exposure to therapeutic tar and UV-B radiation. In a pilot study of (12 children) a level of genotoxic risk of the therapy was evaluated by chromosomal aberration of peripheral lymphocytes. Results of the pilot study suggest possible genotoxic risk of the therapy.

Since introduction of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of DNA Toxoplasma gondii 398 biological samples from 301 patients were examined from 2000 to 2003. Positive finding of toxoplasmosis DNA we noted in 23 cases. Polymerase chain reaction enables exact and fast diagnosis of the actual parasitemia Toxoplasma gondii, which is important especially in the pregnant patients, new-born with suspicion on congenital toxoplasmosis and in the patients with immunosupression.

The main problem of the conventional radiotherapy in postoperative or curative irradiation in thyroid cancer is to achieve a sufficient dose in the planning target volume with acceptable dose distribution homogeneity and at the same time not to exceed tolerance doses in the organs of risk. Our study presents the advantages of intensity-modulated radiotherapy over conventional radiotherapy on an example of dosimetric comparisons of isodose plans of three patients treated at our department. The intensity-modulated radiotherapy in thyroid cancer offers an improvement of dose homogeneity and better sparing of organs at risk (spinal cord and lungs). Furthermore, dose escalation is feasible in the whole initial planning target volume up to 60 Gy with a simultaneous sparing of healthy tissues and organs at risk.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) represent a group of ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Their toxic effects are demonstrated mainly in tissues with high proliferation. The direct distribution of PAH in non-metabolized form to bone marrow and their biotransformation at this site to the toxic metabolites is necessary for demonstration of their toxic effect here. CYP1B1 that is constitutive expressed by stromal cells plays probably the main role in biotransformation of PAH in bone marrow. Reactions of toxic metabolites, development of oxidative stress and interference with intracellular calcium are ranged between the most important mechanisms of structural and functional changes of bone marrow after exposure to PAH. Pathological induction of apoptosis and malignant transformation of stem cells represent the concrete forms of bone marrow damage, caused by exposure to PAH. The bone marrow constitutes the central organ of hematopoiesis and the sites of production of cells of immune system. Its damage can bring therefore crucial health consequences for the whole organism.

We prefer to use a spreadsheet program when teaching statistics. We have written several programs to cover the methods students use. The input data are typed in the spreadsheet MS Excel, we mark the data, and the program creates an output table. The outputs are both in Czech and English, they contain the basic results useful for students, various alternatives, test criteria, acceptance regions, and p-values. Since the programs are user-friendly, they make it easier on students.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial disease, that affects the central region of the retina. AMD is a leading cause of blindness among people over 50 years of age in the industrialized world. Two types of macular degeneration exist, the "dry" form and the "wet-neovascular" form. Neovascular AMD is responsible for 80-90% of cases of severe, irreversible central vision loss in patients over 65 years of age with AMD. The authors present contemporary possibilities of treatment of the patients with this disease.

The history of surgical therapy for lung cancer has been dated since the beginning of the last century. There is a long experience of this type of surgical procedure in our cardiosurgical department. In our study there are included extended lung resections. The evaluation of these procedures is based on TNM classification. Extended resections are reserved for those in stage III. The diagnostic capabilities are improving and therefore there are more patients with more favourable stage and on the other hand there are smaller number of extensive operations. We carry out extended lung resections where we expect benefit for these patients. This is also backed up and influenced by improved postoperative care. In our paper there are patients operated in 1997-2002, which were in stage III. 30 days postoperative letality in this small group was 6%. It is certainly higher then in simple resections (0,5%). On the other hand we have to offer surgical treatement when it is feasible, despite of higher risk. Therefore we cannot expect the same results as in the group of patients operated in stage I and II.