Acta medica (Hradec Kralove). Supplementum最新文献

In this study was evaluated the rate of cytodiagnostic accuracy of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in smears prepared from thyroid fine-needle aspirates in 72 cases and of focal lymphocytic thyroiditis (FLT) in 101 cases. The cytodiagnostic accuracy of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) was 75% and 20% in case of focal lymphocytic thyroiditis (FLT). In case of focal lymphocytic thyroiditis (FLT) the cytodiagnostics of autoimmune lymphocytic diseases of thyroid gland apears to have very low ability.

Traumatic bone lesions form an important part of the study of human paleopathology. Injuries of the skull are frequent in the history of the human race. 647 adult dry skulls of both sexes from the "Broumov Ossuary" (13th-18th century) were examined for the incidence of cranium injuries. In this paper, an extensive collection (n=122) of healed dry skull injuries is presented. In the neuro- and splanchnocranium of skulls (n=78), linear and depressed fractures, slash and stab wounds have been seen but no gunshot wound. In part of the skulls (n=29), multiple injuries have been observed. Many detected traumatic lesions seem to have been caused by traditional weapons of the last centuries: war swords, axes, or pole-arms with metal spikes. All the skull injuries show clear signs of well-healing with bone remodelling that indicates the survival of victims for a long period after the cranial trauma.

Angiogenesis, i.e. development of new vessels from preexisting ones, plays a key role in the development and progression of malignant tumors. Increased angiogenesis is the hallmark of virtully all types of cancer and has been identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies. This review summarizes current knowledge about angiogenic process, describes methods of angiogenesis assessment and appreciates antiangiogenic therapy which offers new and perspective options in the treatment of malignancies.

Three groups of patients were selected for this retrospective study. Each group underwent treatment with spinal bracing. The aim was to identify the correction of curves during several stages of treatment. Results were statistically processed. The best initial correction was shown in Cheneau hypercorrective brace. However, at the end effect the statistical significant difference between the braces was not proved.

Mitochondria are subcellular organelles of the endosymbiotic origin. They are bounded by double membrane and contain their own DNA. Recent advance in 3D microscopy have contributed a better understanding of mitochondrial structure. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles with a very complex structure of the inner membrane. In cells, mitochondria create an interconnected reticulum. Beyond a fundamental role in energy production, they also play key roles in thermogenesis, maintenance of cellular redox potential, Ca2+ homeostasis, ROS production, cell signaling and cell death. Disturbances in mitochondrial metabolism are known to play a role not only in rare genetics disorders, but have also been implicated in many common diseases of aging. Conventional studies of mitochondrial metabolism are based on the isolation of intact organelles. Because of mitochondrial complex roles rises a need to assay mitochondrial functions in situ. The activity of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in intact and permeabilized cells can be measured by using high resolution respirometry. We can estimate various mitochondrial functions in living cells by using fluorescent cation dyes.

We demonstrated the effectiveness of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) by patients with age- related macular degeneration (ARMD). CNV secondary to ARMD is a leading case of vision loss in patients older than 50 years. TTT is new promising method for the treatment CNV by ARMD. It is able to close CNV while maintaining visual function and in small percentage visual function improving. We have performed TTT by 30 patients (30 eyes) with subfoveolar CNV. We have demonstrated the stabilization or improvement of visual acuity by 16 patients (52%), improvemend two or more lines was documented by 5 patients (17%).

In dependence on health of women the female genital tract is colonised by different microorganisms. Mycoplasma hominis was the first mycoplasma of human origin to be isolated. M. hominis, a common inhabitant of the vagina of healthy women, becomes pathogenic once it invades the internal genital organs. M. hominis is associated with bacterial vaginosis but it is still unclear whether the organism really contributes to a pathological process in which so many different bacteria are involved. The aim of this article is to summarize known information about these microorganisms.

Ossification of costal cartilages is one of many changes reflecting their ageing. It is found only in a limited percentage of population and used to begin at various ages. Shape of these ossification changes is different in men and women. Due to heterogeneity of data in literature and scarce amount of information, we decided to evaluate the occurrence of costal cartilage ossifications in a sample of Czech population. Use of roentgenograms of ossification focuses was based on their contrast in x-rays. We have studied altogether 1044 X-rays archived by Department of Radiology at the Teaching Hospital in Hradec Kráov'e. This set comprised roentgenograms of both men and women in age range from 10 to 95 years. Ossification changes of costal cartilages were described on 18 roentgenograms from dissection material as well. These rtg pictures were taken from chest plates and costal cartilages which were obtained from Department of Anatomy and Department of Forensic Medicine at Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové. In this sample of Czech population we confirmed an occurrence of sexual dimorphism of ossified costal cartilages. Statistical evaluation revealed that beginning of these changes depends on the age and sex.

Glutathione, the very important intracellular antioxidant, is present in intracelullar environment in milimolar concentrations. Glutathione is a tripeptide molecule, which plays an essential role in the antioxidant system, as well as in maintenance of the intracellular redox state. This thiol compound exists in two forms, the reduced (GSH) and the oxidized (GSSG), and the ratio of both forms is crucial for the characterization of the oxidative stress in cells. Number of analytical methods have been developed for the measurement of the glutathione. Especially, High Performance Liquid Chromatography methods (HPLC) are mostly used linked to different types of detection, including electrochemical, UV/VIS or fluorimetric detection. Another approach for glutathione assay is using the spectral methods, either fluorimetric or spectrophotometric assays. In enzymatic assay, glutathione reductase reduces GSSG with simultaneous oxidation of specific substrate, which is sequentially photometrically detected. The fluorimetric method is based on the detection of derivatized GSH molecule.