Health values最新文献

Wellness books, conferences, centers, promoters, and corporate programs seem very popular at the present time. Conferences include the Wellness Promotion Strategies Conference, sponsored by The Institute for Lifestyle Improvement, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point; Kaiser-Permanente Health Promotion Strategies Conference; and the North Carolina Summer Wellness Festival, sponsored by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Centers include: The Center for Health Promotion of the American Hospital Association, Chicago, Illinois, which maintains an up-to-date list of hospital-based wellness centers and offers a booklet entitled "Planning Hospital and Health Promotion Services for Business and Industry." Relative to what existed in Halbert L. Dunn's time, or just a few years ago, the spread of wellness activities seems impressive, to put it mildly. But how widespread is wellness? What exactly is wellness? How is it different, if at all, from medical self care, holistic health, and health promotion? Is it a movement or a fad? How significant is it? Why did it develop in the late 1970s and early 1980s and not sooner? Who (or what) have been the key individuals (or institutions, events, or circumstances) shaping the wellness idea itself? What trends will most affect it in the years ahead? Finally, what, if anything, can we say about the future of wellness? Aided by the Kaiser Permanente Health Care Programs, Oregon Region, a questionnaire and telephone survey was administered in late 1983 to a cross section of approximately 100 individuals considered to be "expert" on the subject of wellness. The interpretation of the data and responsibility for the following conclusions rest solely with the author.

Survey data were used to evaluate the role of marketing in the nonprofit arena of health promotion. Questionnaires utilizing a Likert type scale were sent to 106 marketers and 247 health educators soliciting their opinions about health care marketing. Both groups agreed that marketing was appropriate for both profit and non-profit organizations, but were not in total agreement on specific aspects of the marketing process. Marketers were adamant that marketing is not confined to promotional, advertising and communication functions, while health educators were neutral. Marketers were strong in their disagreement that marketing is selling; health educators were still neutral but in slight disagreement. Marketers did not believe that marketing uses gimmickry heavily, while health educators agreed that it does use gimmickry. A significant finding from the survey is that the major ethical issue for health educators is their view that marketing manipulates society. Both community and school health educators agreed that using marketing techniques is a step forward manipulation of a society, while the group of marketers disagreed.

A hypothetical visit by a figure who represents the ideals of Hippocratic Naturalistic Medicine is used as a strategy to enable the reader to examine certain aspects of the issue of wellness. As the invited guest speaker before and imaginary gathering or convention of health professionals, this mythic figure represents a wellness ideal against which the current state of the "wellness approach" to health care can be critically examined. Where has the wellness orientation made progress, where has it gotten bogged down, and where must it ultimately go? Though the spirit of the wellness orientation to human health has obviously made enormous progress in the past few decades there still remains much to be done. This quasi philosophical discussion represents an attempt to critically examine some of the areas which the wellness orientation must begin to address.

The practice of integrated-holistic health has been and is being analyzed, evaluated, criticized, promoted, and denounced in the literature, in the marketplace, and in educational and health care institutions of this country. This article presents an overview of the concepts, principles, and philosophy of holistic and integrative health, a brief comparison of conventional and integrative-holistic health practices, and suggests an outline for a survey course in integrative-holistic health education. This material, including objectives, techniques, and modalities, is provided to serve as a starting point to a greater understanding of a contemporary health issue.

One hundred and forty-six indigent pregnant adolescents (12 to 18 years of age) were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their prenatal care priorities (Scale I) and their knowledge of correct perinatal behaviors (Scale II). On Scale I, over 75% of teens considered parenting skills, infant care, and diet extremely important. On Scale II correctly answered items focused on the need to avoid substance abuse and smoking during pregnancy, visit the doctor, and eat balanced meals. The mean number of correct answers, however, was only 11.8 out of a total possible scale of 18 items. Less than 50% correctly answered statements about the effects of weight gain and other health behaviors on risk for high blood pressure and toxemia, safety of laxatives during pregnancy, possibility of becoming pregnant again before resuming menstruation, and the safety of various physical activities. Performance on both knowledge and health priority scales showed correct health information was limited to basic concrete facts. Abstract and technical aspects of health care did not appear to be easily assimilated.

Representatives from both health promotion and restoration fields can concert energies in preventing and reducing excessive and inappropriate substance use by employees. This liaison requires that workplace health promoters such as employee fitness/wellness directors, and workplace health restorers such as employee assistance providers, become more familiar with one another's work and better understand the nature of excessive or inappropriate drug consumption. Existing at the interface of these employee health services are opportunities for preventing workplace substance abuse through both enhancing workers' healthy lifestyles and establishing referral pathways to care.

The Peckham Experiment, under the direction of Williamson and Pearse, was an attempt to study health rather than disease. This study was conducted through the mechanism of the Pioneer Health Centre which provided recreational opportunities and annual physical examinations to a large membership of apparently healthy individuals. In many ways, both the wellness movement and the family practice movement were foreshadowed by their family-centered approach and their finding that most of the apparently well individuals actually suffered from some detectable disorder.

A study was conducted to document the extent to which persons engage in health promotion and disease prevention behaviors, and to examine demographic and attitudinal variables associated with those behaviors. Health promotion behaviors are those undertaken by a person to stay healthy that do not require the assistance of a health professional (eg, exercising). Disease prevention behaviors are those undertaken to stay healthy that do require the assistance of a professional (eg, physical exam). The study design was descriptive. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 104 emergency room (ER) patients using an interview guide developed by the authors. Two major findings were that: a) individuals were more apt to go to the doctor than do health promotion behaviors in order to be healthy; and b) individuals who expressed belief in health promotion behaviors were more likely to practice them than were those who did not express such a belief. Two demographic variables were related.

Wellness plays an important role and represents a major direction in today's health care delivery system. Senior Wellness Services are human assistance services for senior members of the community designed to link established hospital resources with new services that will affect the quality of life. Successful Wellness services involve the potential use of many resources within the hospital and the community. These services are designed with the older adult in mind, and offer participants lifestyle education, clinical counseling, and peer support. Wellness programs help fulfill the need for preventive health education while improving communication between the hospital and the community it serves.

It is clear that the seeds for worksetting health promotion were planted long ago. Development can be attributed to three historical bases--health education, employee assistance, and health screening programs. This article provides a historical review of these activities and describes the evolution of workplace health promotion programming.