Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10150
S. Verma
The study was conducted under long term fertilizer experiment (LTFE) to assess the impact of nutrient management practices on biological health of acid soils under soybean-wheat cropping system at Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Ten treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The integrated nutrient management involving the use of organic manure together with inorganic fertilization exerted a significant positive effect on soil microbial biomass carbon, CO2 evolution, dehydrogenase activity (DHA), urease and microbial population. Similarly, use of lime along with NPK also showed improvement in enzymatic activities, soil microbial biomass carbon, and CO2 evolution compared to 100% NPK and control. The microbiological properties were drastically reduced in 100% N only treatment. Application of 100% NPK was found to superior over 100% NP, 100% N and 50% NPK and 100% N(S)PK while the same was significantly at par with 150% NPK. The effect between weedicide applied and hand weeded treatments was also statistically at par for the grain and straw yield of wheat as well as for the biological properties of the soil. Long term application of FYM/lime with NPK significantly increased the mean grain and straw yield of wheat over the years (1972-2019) compared to only inorganic fertilization and control. Overall, continuous application of FYM or lime along with 100% NPK improved the soil biological health and increased the crop yield in acid soil under wheat based cropping system.
{"title":"Long term effect of fertilizers, manure and lime on biological health of an acid soil","authors":"S. Verma","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10150","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted under long term fertilizer experiment (LTFE) to assess the impact of nutrient management practices on biological health of acid soils under soybean-wheat cropping system at Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Ten treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The integrated nutrient management involving the use of organic manure together with inorganic fertilization exerted a significant positive effect on soil microbial biomass carbon, CO2 evolution, dehydrogenase activity (DHA), urease and microbial population. Similarly, use of lime along with NPK also showed improvement in enzymatic activities, soil microbial biomass carbon, and CO2 evolution compared to 100% NPK and control. The microbiological properties were drastically reduced in 100% N only treatment. Application of 100% NPK was found to superior over 100% NP, 100% N and 50% NPK and 100% N(S)PK while the same was significantly at par with 150% NPK. The effect between weedicide applied and hand weeded treatments was also statistically at par for the grain and straw yield of wheat as well as for the biological properties of the soil. Long term application of FYM/lime with NPK significantly increased the mean grain and straw yield of wheat over the years (1972-2019) compared to only inorganic fertilization and control. Overall, continuous application of FYM or lime along with 100% NPK improved the soil biological health and increased the crop yield in acid soil under wheat based cropping system.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85701997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10155
Appoothy Angayarkanni, A. Dhimate, Sannaila, Arun Kumar
Preferential flow (PF) is a generic term used for water flow paths through biopores, fractures and macro pores. Many studies and models were already established to describe the PF. In semi-arid regions, the connecting aboveground and below ground processes to investigate how soil redistribute rainfall and nutrient and their impact on subsurface flow, is a fairly overlooked phenomenon. In this era of fast changing climate, erratic rainfall and rain water management, soil constitution plays an important role. In semi-arid regions, watershed is the basic hydrologic unit which gives study of the soil preferential flow a holistic look. In this regard, a study was conducted in Hayath nagar micro-watershed, Hyderabad, during 2020-2021.results revealed that the micro-watershed mainly comprises of heterogeneous matrix flow and fingering at surface while at sub surface macropore flow with low and mixed interaction prevails. This suggested that subsurface soils were mainly responsible for spatial redistribution of flows and generating lateral flow than vertical flow. Thus, the watershed under study requires better management practice to harvest water and check runoff at the time of high intensity rainfall. The results and the methodology of the present study have relevance in studying the preferential flow of diverse watersheds.
{"title":"Watershed approach for studying soil preferential flow: A case study","authors":"Appoothy Angayarkanni, A. Dhimate, Sannaila, Arun Kumar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10155","url":null,"abstract":"Preferential flow (PF) is a generic term used for water flow paths through biopores, fractures and macro pores. Many studies and models were already established to describe the PF. In semi-arid regions, the connecting aboveground and below ground processes to investigate how soil redistribute rainfall and nutrient and their impact on subsurface flow, is a fairly overlooked phenomenon. In this era of fast changing climate, erratic rainfall and rain water management, soil constitution plays an important role. In semi-arid regions, watershed is the basic hydrologic unit which gives study of the soil preferential flow a holistic look. In this regard, a study was conducted in Hayath nagar micro-watershed, Hyderabad, during 2020-2021.results revealed that the micro-watershed mainly comprises of heterogeneous matrix flow and fingering at surface while at sub surface macropore flow with low and mixed interaction prevails. This suggested that subsurface soils were mainly responsible for spatial redistribution of flows and generating lateral flow than vertical flow. Thus, the watershed under study requires better management practice to harvest water and check runoff at the time of high intensity rainfall. The results and the methodology of the present study have relevance in studying the preferential flow of diverse watersheds.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82139966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10172
V. Singh
A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2015-2017 at Panwari village of Agra district with a view to investigate the effect of integrated nutrient management on soil fertility, productivity and uptake of nutrients by onion (Allium cepa). Eight treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that the availability of N (222.0 kg ha-1), P (13.1 kg ha-1), K (150 kg ha-1) and Zn (0.55 mg kg-1) was improved with the conjoint use of organics and fertilizers. However use of 75% NPK along with 40 kg S ha-1 resulted in substantial increase in sulphur status of soil (18.0 kg ha-1). Minimum amounts of these nutrients in post harvest soil were recorded in control. Application of 75% NPK + 10 t FYM ha-1 significantly increased the growth, yield attributes, bulb yield ( 34.02 t ha-1) and dry matter yield of bulb (5.34 t ha-1). The increase in bulb yield due to 75% NPK + 40 kg S ha-1) was 44.6 % over control. The content and yield of protein also improved with conjoint use of NPK fertilizers and FYM and sulphur. The minimum values of content and yield of protein were recorded in control. The uptake of nutrients increased with increasing level of NPK fertilizers and showed further increase in the presence of 10t FYM ha-1. The residual soil fertility was recorded minimum under control treatment.
2015-2017年rabi季，在阿格拉区Panwari村进行了田间试验，旨在研究综合养分管理对土壤肥力、生产力和洋葱(Allium cepa)养分吸收的影响。8个处理采用随机区组设计，3个重复。结果表明，有机肥配施可提高氮素(222.0 kg ha-1)、磷(13.1 kg ha-1)、钾(150 kg ha-1)和锌(0.55 mg kg-1)的有效性。然而，施用75%氮磷钾和40 kg S hm -1导致土壤硫态显著增加(18.0 kg hm -1)。在对照中记录了收获后土壤中这些养分的最低量。75%氮磷钾+ 10 t FYM hm -1处理显著提高了水稻生长、产量性状、鳞茎产量(34.02 t hm -1)和鳞茎干物质产量(5.34 t hm -1)。75%氮磷钾+ 40 kg S hm -1)处理的鳞茎产量比对照提高44.6%。氮磷钾与FYM、硫配施可提高蛋白质含量和产量。对照记录蛋白质含量和产量的最小值。氮磷钾用量的增加增加了氮磷钾对养分的吸收，并在施用10t FYM ha-1时进一步增加。在对照处理下，残余土壤肥力最低。
{"title":"Impact of integrated nutrient management on soil fertility and yield of onion (Allium cepa) on an alluvial soil","authors":"V. Singh","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10172","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2015-2017 at Panwari village of Agra district with a view to investigate the effect of integrated nutrient management on soil fertility, productivity and uptake of nutrients by onion (Allium cepa). Eight treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that the availability of N (222.0 kg ha-1), P (13.1 kg ha-1), K (150 kg ha-1) and Zn (0.55 mg kg-1) was improved with the conjoint use of organics and fertilizers. However use of 75% NPK along with 40 kg S ha-1 resulted in substantial increase in sulphur status of soil (18.0 kg ha-1). Minimum amounts of these nutrients in post harvest soil were recorded in control. Application of 75% NPK + 10 t FYM ha-1 significantly increased the growth, yield attributes, bulb yield ( 34.02 t ha-1) and dry matter yield of bulb (5.34 t ha-1). The increase in bulb yield due to 75% NPK + 40 kg S ha-1) was 44.6 % over control. The content and yield of protein also improved with conjoint use of NPK fertilizers and FYM and sulphur. The minimum values of content and yield of protein were recorded in control. The uptake of nutrients increased with increasing level of NPK fertilizers and showed further increase in the presence of 10t FYM ha-1. The residual soil fertility was recorded minimum under control treatment.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78020245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10162
R. Mandeewal
An experiment was carried out at village Bajju, Bikaner, (Rajasthan) during kharif season of 2016 to evaluate the effect of irrigation and nitrogen levels on groundnut and clusterbean. The treatments comprised of 3 levels of irrigation i.e. 250, 500 and 700 mm for groundnut and 100, 200 an 300 mm for clusterbean and 4 levels of nitrogen i.e. 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg N ha-1 for both the crops. These treatments were evaluated in split plot design with four replications. The results showed that increasing levels of irrigation had significant beneficial influence on the kernel/pod/seed and haulm/stover yield, nitrogen uptake by kernel/seed and haulm/stover and water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean. Application of nitrogen levels significantly enhanced the kernel/pod/seed and haulm/stover yield, nitrogen uptake by both the crops and total water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean. The increase in kernel, pod and haulm yield of groundnut with 40 kg N ha-1 were 49.6, 57.0 and 39.3 per cent over control and 15.9, 15.6 and 14.7 per cent over 20 kg N ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the increase in seed and straw yield of clusterbean with 40 kg N ha-1 were 47.3 and 37.2 per cent over control and 14.0 and 14.1 per cent over 20 kg N ha-1, respectively. Interaction of irrigation and nitrogen had significant beneficial effect on yield, nitrogen uptake and water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean and maximum values of these parameters were recorded under I3 N3 treatment in both the crops.
2016年秋收季节，在拉贾斯坦邦比卡内尔的Bajju村进行了试验，以评价灌溉和氮肥水平对花生和芸豆的影响。处理包括3个水平的灌溉，即花生250、500和700毫米，豆荚100、200和300毫米，4个水平的氮肥，即0、20、40和60公斤N hm -1。这些处理采用4个重复的分割图设计进行评价。结果表明，增加灌溉水平对花生和芸豆的籽粒/荚果/种子、秸秆/秸秆产量、籽粒/种子、秸秆/秸秆吸氮量和水分生产力均有显著的有利影响。施氮水平显著提高了花生和芸豆的籽粒/荚果/种子和秸秆产量、氮素吸收量和总水分生产力。40 kg N hm -1处理的花生籽粒、荚果和秸秆产量比对照分别提高49.6%、57.0%和39.3%，比20 kg N hm -1处理的花生产量分别提高15.9%、15.6%和14.7%。同样，40 kg N ha-1处理比对照增产47.3%和37.2%，20 kg N ha-1处理比对照增产14.0%和14.1%。灌氮互作对花生和杂豆的产量、氮素吸收和水分生产力均有显著的有利影响，且在i3n3处理下，这两种作物的产量、氮素吸收和水分生产力均达到最大值。
{"title":"Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on yield and water productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)","authors":"R. Mandeewal","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10162","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out at village Bajju, Bikaner, (Rajasthan) during kharif season of 2016 to evaluate the effect of irrigation and nitrogen levels on groundnut and clusterbean. The treatments comprised of 3 levels of irrigation i.e. 250, 500 and 700 mm for groundnut and 100, 200 an 300 mm for clusterbean and 4 levels of nitrogen i.e. 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg N ha-1 for both the crops. These treatments were evaluated in split plot design with four replications. The results showed that increasing levels of irrigation had significant beneficial influence on the kernel/pod/seed and haulm/stover yield, nitrogen uptake by kernel/seed and haulm/stover and water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean. Application of nitrogen levels significantly enhanced the kernel/pod/seed and haulm/stover yield, nitrogen uptake by both the crops and total water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean. The increase in kernel, pod and haulm yield of groundnut with 40 kg N ha-1 were 49.6, 57.0 and 39.3 per cent over control and 15.9, 15.6 and 14.7 per cent over 20 kg N ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the increase in seed and straw yield of clusterbean with 40 kg N ha-1 were 47.3 and 37.2 per cent over control and 14.0 and 14.1 per cent over 20 kg N ha-1, respectively. Interaction of irrigation and nitrogen had significant beneficial effect on yield, nitrogen uptake and water productivity of groundnut and clusterbean and maximum values of these parameters were recorded under I3 N3 treatment in both the crops.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79772810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10165
Animesh Sarkar
The efficacy of plant nutrients and growth regulators were investigated in the field of summer pineapple (Ananas comosus) cv. Kew to improve the post harvest quality and shelf life of fruit in a subtropical, subhumid and acidic soil of Nagaland during 2018-19 at SASRD, Nagaland University. Calcium chloride (0.5% and 1.0%), borax (0.5% and 1.0%), 100 ppm GA3 and 200 ppm NAA were taken to carry out an experiment following randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. Plant nutrients and growth regulators were sprayed separately two times in plant population at 15 days interval right after fruit set and the integrated approach showed a significant response in fruit growth, yield and quality. The plants treated with 1.0% CaCl2 + 200 ppm NAA showed a quite better results in physiological matrix of fruit volume (825.5 cc), fruit weight (1.5kg), juice content (67.7 ml 100g -1 pulp), yield (60.8 t ha-1) and fruit firmness (23.0 lb) while the highest pulp recovery percentage (73.0%) was noticed in 1.0% borax + 200 ppm NAA. The maximum TSS (17.6 0Brix), total sugar (13.0%), TSS:acid ratio (51.9), less acidity (0.34%) and maximum shelf life (12.7 days) was observed in pineapple treated with 0.5% CaCl2 + 100 ppm GA3.
{"title":"Influence of foliar application of nutrients and growth regulators on yield and quality in pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)","authors":"Animesh Sarkar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10165","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of plant nutrients and growth regulators were investigated in the field of summer pineapple (Ananas comosus) cv. Kew to improve the post harvest quality and shelf life of fruit in a subtropical, subhumid and acidic soil of Nagaland during 2018-19 at SASRD, Nagaland University. Calcium chloride (0.5% and 1.0%), borax (0.5% and 1.0%), 100 ppm GA3 and 200 ppm NAA were taken to carry out an experiment following randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. Plant nutrients and growth regulators were sprayed separately two times in plant population at 15 days interval right after fruit set and the integrated approach showed a significant response in fruit growth, yield and quality. The plants treated with 1.0% CaCl2 + 200 ppm NAA showed a quite better results in physiological matrix of fruit volume (825.5 cc), fruit weight (1.5kg), juice content (67.7 ml 100g -1 pulp), yield (60.8 t ha-1) and fruit firmness (23.0 lb) while the highest pulp recovery percentage (73.0%) was noticed in 1.0% borax + 200 ppm NAA. The maximum TSS (17.6 0Brix), total sugar (13.0%), TSS:acid ratio (51.9), less acidity (0.34%) and maximum shelf life (12.7 days) was observed in pineapple treated with 0.5% CaCl2 + 100 ppm GA3.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78220627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10163
K. Harsh
An experiment with different contributing charactersof 26 genotypes of muskmelon (Cucumis meloL.) was performed in a randomized block design with three replications during the Zaid season (Feb-May) of 2019, at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi in order to understand the genetics of yield formation characteristics with yield enhancement potentials. Analysis of varian cerevealed the presence of significant differences among all genotypes for almost all the characters indicating that there is a plenty of room to improve the population for these traits. The range of variation was documented widest for the characters viz.; fruit weight (179.7 to 777.1 g), yield of fruit per plant (360.3 to 3109.5 g), pulp weight (107.0 to 557.2 g), and seeds per fruit (183.6 to 477.3). Genotypic coefficients of variation values were lower than phenotypic coefficients of variation for all characters.The fruit yield per plant revealed the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation values followed by titratable acidity, pulp weight, total number of female flowers and seed weight. Also, fruit yield per plant, total number of female flowers, node to first female flower, total number of fruits, fruit weight, and total soluble solids had high estimates of heritability and high genetic advance as per cent of mean, suggesting that selection for these traits might be effective.
为了解具有增产潜力的甜瓜(Cucumis meloL.)产量形成特征的遗传学，于2019年扎伊德季节(2 - 5月)在瓦拉纳西巴纳拉斯印度大学(Banaras Hindu University)进行了26个基因型不同贡献性状的随机区组试验，共3个重复。瓦里安分析显示，几乎所有性状在所有基因型之间都存在显著差异，表明这些性状在群体中有很大的改进空间。记录的变异范围最大的字符为:;果实重量(179.7至777.1克)、每株果实产量(360.3至3109.5克)、果肉重量(107.0至557.2克)和每颗果实的种子(183.6至477.3)。各性状变异值的基因型系数均低于表型变异系数。单株果实产量的表型和基因型变异系数最高，其次是可滴定酸度、果肉重、雌花总数和种子重。此外，单株果实产量、雌花总数、节至第一朵雌花、果实总数、果实重量和总可溶性固形物的遗传率估计较高，遗传进步率为平均值的百分比，表明对这些性状的选择可能是有效的。
{"title":"Analysis of variance components for quantitative traits in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)","authors":"K. Harsh","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10163","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment with different contributing charactersof 26 genotypes of muskmelon (Cucumis meloL.) was performed in a randomized block design with three replications during the Zaid season (Feb-May) of 2019, at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi in order to understand the genetics of yield formation characteristics with yield enhancement potentials. Analysis of varian cerevealed the presence of significant differences among all genotypes for almost all the characters indicating that there is a plenty of room to improve the population for these traits. The range of variation was documented widest for the characters viz.; fruit weight (179.7 to 777.1 g), yield of fruit per plant (360.3 to 3109.5 g), pulp weight (107.0 to 557.2 g), and seeds per fruit (183.6 to 477.3). Genotypic coefficients of variation values were lower than phenotypic coefficients of variation for all characters.The fruit yield per plant revealed the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation values followed by titratable acidity, pulp weight, total number of female flowers and seed weight. Also, fruit yield per plant, total number of female flowers, node to first female flower, total number of fruits, fruit weight, and total soluble solids had high estimates of heritability and high genetic advance as per cent of mean, suggesting that selection for these traits might be effective.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74696892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10169
V. R. P. Reddy
The present study was conducted during kharif season of 2019 with 24 diverse mungbean cultivars under the hydroponic system at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the phosphorus utilization efficiency of genotypes under a phosphorus stress environment. Cultivars differed significantly for biomass accumulation, P concentration, total P uptake and PUtE. Categorization based on PUtE and total dry weight, cultivars MH 521, MH 805 and PM 5 were identified as efficient and responsive (ER) under LP condition. The phosphorus stress factor values indicated the varied response of cultivars to P stress. The identified efficient genotypes could be used in themungbean breeding programme for P efficiency improvement.
{"title":"Assessment of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) cultivars in relation to phosphorus utilization efficiency under phosphorus stress environment","authors":"V. R. P. Reddy","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10169","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted during kharif season of 2019 with 24 diverse mungbean cultivars under the hydroponic system at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the phosphorus utilization efficiency of genotypes under a phosphorus stress environment. Cultivars differed significantly for biomass accumulation, P concentration, total P uptake and PUtE. Categorization based on PUtE and total dry weight, cultivars MH 521, MH 805 and PM 5 were identified as efficient and responsive (ER) under LP condition. The phosphorus stress factor values indicated the varied response of cultivars to P stress. The identified efficient genotypes could be used in themungbean breeding programme for P efficiency improvement.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80918217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10154
V. Panwar
Litterfall is the essential source of organic matter and soil nutrients. The quality and quantity of litter production affect the carbon and nutrient fluxes in forest ecosystems. This study aims to determine the litter decomposition rate and macronutrients (N. P, K, Ca and Mg) in Taxus contorta Griff forests. The results showed that the maximum weight loss due to decomposition was recorded from June to October, and decay constant (K) was 0.534 during two years of study. Decomposition was significantly affected by climatic variables and positively correlated with temperature, rainfall, number of rainy days and relative humidity. The decomposing needles showed a continuous increase in nitrogen (0.97-1.27%) and phosphorus (0.11-0.13%) concentration and a gradual decrease in potassium (0.35-0.31%), calcium (0.93-0.45%) and magnesium (0.21-0.16%). Total nutrient return (37.33 kg ha-1) from the decomposing litter were observed in the order of Ca (15.09) > N (12.13) > K (5.73) > Mg (2.87) > P (1.50) through the input from different litter components, which were found in the order of needles > twigs > bark > miscellaneous litter > reproductive litter. Maximum nutrient return (15.82 kg ha-1) was observed through needle litter and was recorded as N (6.49), P (0.85), K (2.84), Ca (4.39) and Mg (1.24). Out of the total nutrients returned through needle litter, an annual release of 67% and accumulation of 33% nutrients over the forest floor of Taxus contorta was recorded.
凋落物是有机质和土壤养分的重要来源。凋落物生产的质量和数量影响森林生态系统的碳和养分通量。本研究旨在测定弯曲红豆杉森林凋落物分解速率和大量营养元素(n、P、K、Ca和Mg)。结果表明:6 ~ 10月是分解失重的高峰期，2年研究期间的衰变常数(K)为0.534;分解受气候变量影响显著，与温度、降雨量、阴雨天数和相对湿度呈正相关。分解后的针叶中氮(0.97-1.27%)、磷(0.11-0.13%)浓度持续升高，钾(0.35-0.31%)、钙(0.93-0.45%)、镁(0.21-0.16%)含量逐渐降低。通过不同凋落物组分的输入，凋落物总养分回报(37.33 kg ha-1)的大小为Ca (15.09) > N (12.13) > K (5.73) > Mg (2.87) > P(1.50)，其大小为针叶>细枝>树皮>杂凋落物>生殖凋落物。针叶凋落物的最大养分回报为15.82 kg ha-1，分别为N(6.49)、P(0.85)、K(2.84)、Ca(4.39)和Mg(1.24)。在针叶凋落物返回的总养分中，红豆杉的年释放量为67%，年积累量为33%。
{"title":"Litter decomposition dynamics of Taxus contorta Griff. in western Himalayan region","authors":"V. Panwar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10154","url":null,"abstract":"Litterfall is the essential source of organic matter and soil nutrients. The quality and quantity of litter production affect the carbon and nutrient fluxes in forest ecosystems. This study aims to determine the litter decomposition rate and macronutrients (N. P, K, Ca and Mg) in Taxus contorta Griff forests. The results showed that the maximum weight loss due to decomposition was recorded from June to October, and decay constant (K) was 0.534 during two years of study. Decomposition was significantly affected by climatic variables and positively correlated with temperature, rainfall, number of rainy days and relative humidity. The decomposing needles showed a continuous increase in nitrogen (0.97-1.27%) and phosphorus (0.11-0.13%) concentration and a gradual decrease in potassium (0.35-0.31%), calcium (0.93-0.45%) and magnesium (0.21-0.16%). Total nutrient return (37.33 kg ha-1) from the decomposing litter were observed in the order of Ca (15.09) > N (12.13) > K (5.73) > Mg (2.87) > P (1.50) through the input from different litter components, which were found in the order of needles > twigs > bark > miscellaneous litter > reproductive litter. Maximum nutrient return (15.82 kg ha-1) was observed through needle litter and was recorded as N (6.49), P (0.85), K (2.84), Ca (4.39) and Mg (1.24). Out of the total nutrients returned through needle litter, an annual release of 67% and accumulation of 33% nutrients over the forest floor of Taxus contorta was recorded.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87778303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10167
M. Jat
A total of 18 genotypes of the fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) were evaluated for estimation of correlation and path analysis for yield improvement during Rabi season of 2016-17 at Mandor, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Results indicated that the variation among genotypes was highest for biological yield (54.3-88.3 q ha-1), followed by seed yield (15.8-25.2 q ha-1). The analysis of genotypic (GC) and phenotypic correlations (PC) indicated that the seed yield per ha was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield per plant (GC r=0.978**; PC r=0.842**), number of seeds per umbel (GC r= 0.752**, PC r=0.505*) and number of umbels per plant (GC r=0.543*). Path coefficient analysis suggested that the highest positive direct effect on seed yield per ha was exerted by biological yield per ha (0.953) followed by the number of umbels per plant (0.484), harvest index (0.463), number of seeds per umbel (0.387), 1000-seed weight (0.289), oil content (0.150), days to maturity (0.102) and the number of umbellets per umbel (0.070). Therefore, it is inferred that for initiating breeding programmes of fennel, the primary emphasis should be given for selecting characters having a positive and higher magnitude of correlation and have direct effects on characters associated with higher yield.
{"title":"Character association and path analysis for yield improvement in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)","authors":"M. Jat","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10167","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 18 genotypes of the fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) were evaluated for estimation of correlation and path analysis for yield improvement during Rabi season of 2016-17 at Mandor, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Results indicated that the variation among genotypes was highest for biological yield (54.3-88.3 q ha-1), followed by seed yield (15.8-25.2 q ha-1). The analysis of genotypic (GC) and phenotypic correlations (PC) indicated that the seed yield per ha was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield per plant (GC r=0.978**; PC r=0.842**), number of seeds per umbel (GC r= 0.752**, PC r=0.505*) and number of umbels per plant (GC r=0.543*). Path coefficient analysis suggested that the highest positive direct effect on seed yield per ha was exerted by biological yield per ha (0.953) followed by the number of umbels per plant (0.484), harvest index (0.463), number of seeds per umbel (0.387), 1000-seed weight (0.289), oil content (0.150), days to maturity (0.102) and the number of umbellets per umbel (0.070). Therefore, it is inferred that for initiating breeding programmes of fennel, the primary emphasis should be given for selecting characters having a positive and higher magnitude of correlation and have direct effects on characters associated with higher yield.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87215821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2022.10152
Arbind Kumar Gupta
The status and distribution of phosphorus fractions in some soil orders and their relationship with soil characteristics under Indo-Gangetic plains of India was studied at Mohanpur, Nadia (W.B.). Soil samples were collected from three depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) covering Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols during 2016. Results revealed that soil pH and clay content increased whereas EC and organic carbon tended to decrease with increasing soil depth. Among different phosphorus fractions, Ca-P was dominant contributing 35% and 20% of total phosphorus content in Entisols and Inceptisols, respectively followed by Fe-P, RS-P and OC-P. In Alfisol, Fe-P fraction constituted 21% of the total soil P followed by Ca-P, RS-P and Al-P. The fractions Al-P, RS-P and Ca-P increased whereas organic P decreased with increasing soil depth. Soil pH was positively correlated with Ca-P and negative with Al-P, Fe-P of all the soil orders. Calcium-P was the highest in Entisols (35%) and Inceptisols (20%) while Fe-P (21%) in Alfisols. Among the inorganic P fractions, Ca-P was the dominant contributor to the availability of phosphorus in Entisols and Inceptisols. The dominant fraction for the release of P in Alfisols was iron phosphate. In general, inorganic P fractions increased while organic available P decreased with soil depth. Various P fractions also had relationships among themselves.
{"title":"Distribution of phosphorus fractions in different soil orders of Indo-Gangetic plains of India","authors":"Arbind Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2022.10152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10152","url":null,"abstract":"The status and distribution of phosphorus fractions in some soil orders and their relationship with soil characteristics under Indo-Gangetic plains of India was studied at Mohanpur, Nadia (W.B.). Soil samples were collected from three depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) covering Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols during 2016. Results revealed that soil pH and clay content increased whereas EC and organic carbon tended to decrease with increasing soil depth. Among different phosphorus fractions, Ca-P was dominant contributing 35% and 20% of total phosphorus content in Entisols and Inceptisols, respectively followed by Fe-P, RS-P and OC-P. In Alfisol, Fe-P fraction constituted 21% of the total soil P followed by Ca-P, RS-P and Al-P. The fractions Al-P, RS-P and Ca-P increased whereas organic P decreased with increasing soil depth. Soil pH was positively correlated with Ca-P and negative with Al-P, Fe-P of all the soil orders. Calcium-P was the highest in Entisols (35%) and Inceptisols (20%) while Fe-P (21%) in Alfisols. Among the inorganic P fractions, Ca-P was the dominant contributor to the availability of phosphorus in Entisols and Inceptisols. The dominant fraction for the release of P in Alfisols was iron phosphate. In general, inorganic P fractions increased while organic available P decreased with soil depth. Various P fractions also had relationships among themselves.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73737294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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